Ma waho aʻe o ka 65th parallel. Hoʻomaka ka Arctic ma laila. Hoʻopili ia i nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Eurasia a me ʻAmelika, e pili ana i ka Pole ʻĀkau. ʻOiai ka hoʻoilo mau loa e noho aliʻi ana ma ka hope, aia ke kauwela ma ka Arctic. He wā pōkole ia, hiki ke ola ma kahi o 20 mau ʻano holoholona. No laila, eia lākou - nā kamaʻāina o ka Arctic.
ʻO Herbivores
Palemona
I waho, ʻaʻohe hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokaʻawale iā ia mai ka hamster, no nā rodents ia. Kaupaona ka holoholona ma kahi o 80 gram, a hiki i 15 kenimika ka lōʻihi. He ʻeleʻele ke kapa o Lemming. Aia nā mea ʻohana i keʻokeʻo i ka hoʻoilo. I ke anuanu, hoʻomau ka hana o ka holoholona.
Nā Lemmings - holoholona o ka arctice hānai ana i nā wana mea kanu, nā hua, ka limu, nā hua. ʻO ka hapanui o nā "hamsters" ʻākau āpau ke aloha i ka ulu ʻōpio.
ʻO nā lememona Herbivorous ponoʻī nā meaʻai no nā poʻe Arctic he nui
Bipi musk
Noho nui ia ma ka ʻākau o Greenland a me ka Taimyr Peninsula. Ke emi nei ka helu o nā laha, no laila, i ka makahiki 1996, ua helu ʻia ka musk bipi i loko o ka Red Book. ʻO nā ʻohana pili loa o nā pilikua ʻākau nā hipa mauna. Ma waho, ʻoi aku ka like o nā bipi musk me nā bovids.
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o ka bipi musk he 140 centimita. I ka lōʻihi holoholona o ka Buke Ulaula o ka Arctic hiki i 2.5 mau mika. Hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano ma ka honua. Ma mua he ʻelua, akā ua pau hoʻokahi.
Hoʻoweliweli ʻia kēia mau bipi kāne nunui a pale ʻia e ke kānāwai
ʻO Belyak
Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻano kaʻawale, ʻaʻole ia no ka hare maʻamau. He pepeiao pokole ko ka hare arctic. Hoʻoemi kēia i ka lilo o ka wela. Mālama ka hulu mānoanoa, huluhulu hoʻi i ke anuanu. ʻOi aku ke kaumaha o ke kino o ka hare Arctic ma mua o ka hare maʻamau. I ka lōʻihi, hiki ka mea noho o ka ʻĀkau i 70 kenimika.
Ma holoholona holoholona o ka Arctic ʻai pinepine i nā ʻāpana lāʻau o nā mea kanu. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka papaʻai o ka hare. Eia nō naʻe, nā kīʻaha punahele nā puʻupaʻa, nā hua, nā mauʻu ʻōpio.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale i kahi hare Arctic mai kahi hare maʻamau e kāna mau pepeiao liʻiliʻi.
Reindeer
ʻAʻole like me nā dia ʻē aʻe, he mau lauwili ko lākou. I ke kauwela, like ko lākou kumu i ka huahu, ke omo i ka lepo palupalu. I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā pores, e haʻi ʻia nā kihi mānoanoa a kikoo hoʻi o nā hoves. ʻOki lākou i ka hau a me ka hau, hoʻopau i ka heʻe ʻana.
Aia he 45 mau dia o ka dia ma ka honua, a ʻo ka ʻākau wale nō kahi ona, inā he kāne a wahine paha. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻolei nā kāne i ko lākou pāpale i ka hoʻomaka o ka hoʻoilo. Ke hoʻololi ʻia nei e kāhiko ʻia nā reindeer i loko o ka holo kaʻa o Santa.
I ka reindeer, komo nā kāne a me nā wahine i nā antlers
Predators
ʻAlopeke ʻAlika
Inā ʻaʻole i kapa ʻia ʻo ka fox polar, pili ia i ka ʻohana canine. ʻO nā holoholona, ʻano like ia me ka ʻīlio Spitz. E like me nā tetrapod home, hānau makapō nā Arctic foxes. Wehe nā maka i kahi o 2 mau pule.
Nā holoholona o ka ʻāpana Arctic nā mākua a me nā hoa maikaʻi. Ke hoʻopuni ʻia ka ʻōpū o ka wahine, hoʻomaka ke kāne e alualu iā ia, e hānai ana i ka mea i wae ʻia a me nā keiki ma mua o ka hānau ʻana. Inā waiho ka ʻōpala a haʻi me ka ʻole o nā mākua, nā ʻalopeke i ʻike i nā ʻīlio pēpē e hānai i nā keiki. No laila, loaʻa nā 40 cubs i nā lua fox polar. ʻO ka awelika nui o nā ʻalopeke Arctic he 8 mau ʻīlio pēpē.
Wolf
Hānau ʻia nā Wolves ʻaʻole makapō wale akā kuli pū kekahi. I loko o kekahi mau mahina, lilo nā ʻīlio ʻīlio i mea mana nui a kolohe ʻole hoʻi. ʻAi ola nā ʻīlio hae i nā mea make. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole nui ka manaʻo sadistic e like me ke ʻano o nā niho. ʻAʻole hiki i nā Wolves ke pepehi koke i ka mea pio.
Ke haʻohaʻo nei nā ʻepekema pehea i hoʻohuli ai ke kanaka i ka ʻīlio hae. Hāʻawi ʻole nā hina hina o kēia manawa iā lākou iho i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, ʻoiai e ulu ana i ka noho pio ʻana, ʻaʻole ʻike i ka ola hihiu. Ma kēia manawa, hoʻomau ʻole ka pane ʻia o ka nīnau.
Bea Polar
ʻO ia ka predator koko wela nui ma ka honua. Ke kīkoʻo nei i 3 mau mika i ka lōʻihi, ke kaumaha nei kekahi mau bear polar ma kahi o kahi ton. Hiki i 4 mau mika a me 1200 kilos, kikoo ʻia kahi subspecies nunui. Ua haʻalele ʻo ia honua holoholona o ka Arctic.
E hibernate paha a i ʻole nā bea Polar. ʻO ka koho mua e koho maʻamau ʻia e nā wahine hāpai. Ke hoʻomau nei kekahi mau kānaka ʻē i ka ʻimi i ka poʻe noho wai nui.
Holoholona holoholona Arctic
Sila
Ma nā panalā Lūkia he 9 mau ʻano o lākou, āpau - holoholona o ka arctic a me ka Antarctic... Aia nā sila e kaupaona ana i 40 kilokilo, a aia ma kahi o 2 mau tona. Nānā ʻole i nā laha, he hapalua momona nā sila. Mālama iā ʻoe i ka mehana a me ka buoyant. I ka wai, nā sila, e like me nā dolphins, e hoʻohana i ka echolocation.
I ka Arctic, alualu ʻia nā sila e nā kohola kohola a me nā bea polar. ʻAi lākou i nā holoholona ʻōpio. Paʻa paʻakikī nā sila nui no nā mea hōkai.
Sila sila
ʻO ka sila Arctic maʻamau a me ka mālama nui no nā bear polar. Inā hoʻokomo ʻia ka mea hope i ka papa inoa o nā lāhui i pale ʻia, a laila ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli ʻia ka heluna sila. Ua manaʻo ʻia aia he 3 miliona mau kānaka i ka Arctic. ʻO ke ʻano ulu.
ʻO 70 ka paona ke kaupaona o ke sila wili. I ka lōʻihi, hiki ka holoholona i ka 140 kenimika. Liʻiliʻi iki ka wahine.
Lāʻau kai
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē, ka mea nui o nā sila. ʻO ke kaulike awelika ma kahi o ka hapalua o ke kani. He 250 kenimika ka loa o ka holoholona. I ke kūkulu ʻana, ʻokoʻa ka hare mai nā sila ʻē aʻe i kāna ʻūlū mua i aneane ma ka pae o ka poʻohiwi, ua neʻe i nā ʻaoʻao.
Loaʻa i nā iwi ā ikaika, nele ka hare o ke kai i nā niho ikaika. Liʻiliʻi lākou a mae koke, hāʻule i waho. He waha niho ʻole ko nā sila kahiko. He mea paʻakikī kēia e alualu iʻa, ka mea ʻai o ka papa ʻaina predator.
ʻO Narwhal
Ke ʻano o ka dolphin me ka pepeiaohao ma kahi o ka ihu. Kohu mea lā. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā pepeiaohao he canine lōʻihi. Pololei lākou, kuhikuhi. I nā lā kahiko, ua hala nā ʻāʻī o nā narwhal e like me nā pepeiaohao o nā unicorn, e kākoʻo ana i nā kaʻao e pili ana i ko lākou ola.
Hoʻohālikelike ke kumukūʻai o kahi tuswh narwhal i ko nā ʻelepani elepani. I nā unicorn kai, hiki i ka lōʻihi o ka canine ke piʻi i 3 mau mika. ʻAʻole ʻoe e ʻike i nā ʻelepani e like me kēia i kēia au.
Walrus
ʻOiai ʻo ia kekahi o nā pinnipeds nui loa, ulu wale nā walrus i kahi mau mita mika he 1 wale nō. Me lākou, pili ka holoholona i nā ʻeke hau, ke hele nei i waho o ke kai. No laila, i ka Lākina, ua like ka inoa o ka lāʻano me "ke hele wāwae me ke kōkua o nā ʻāʻī".
ʻO ka Walrus ka baculum nui loa ma waena o nā mea ola. Pili ia i ka iwi i ka peni. ʻO kekahi kamaʻāina o ka Arctic "haʻaheo" ma kahi o ka 60-centimeter baculum.
Kohola
ʻO ia ka nui nui ma waena o nā holoholona o kēia au wale nō, akā ʻo ia kekahi i noho ma ka honua. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o ke kohola polū 33 mika. ʻO ke kaupaona o ka holoholona he 150 tone. Eia he aha nā holoholona e noho ana ma ka Arctic... ʻAʻohe mea kupanaha, ʻo nā kohola ka mea i makemake ʻia e ka poʻe o ka ʻākau. I ka pepehi ʻana i hoʻokahi kanaka, hāʻawi nā Evenks like i ka noho ʻana me nā meaʻai no ka hoʻoilo holoʻokoʻa.
Manaʻo nā kānaka ʻepekema ua ulu nā koholā mai nā mammals artiodactyl. ʻAʻole ia no ka mea ʻole i loaʻa nā ʻōpala hulu hipa i ke kino o nā pilikua kai. A hānai nā koholā i kā lākou keiki i ka waiū no ke kumu.
Nā Manu o ka Arctic
ʻO Guillemot
He kamaʻāina ʻōiwi kēia o nā glacial expanses. ʻO ka hulu he medium i ka nui, kaupaona a hiki i hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua kilos, a hoʻonui ʻia i 40 kenimika ka lōʻihi. Heʻuʻuku ka ʻūheu, no laila paʻakikī ka lawe ʻana o ka guillemot. Makemake ka manu e holo kiki i lalo mai nā pōhaku, hopu koke ʻia e nā ʻanuʻu ea. Mai ka papa, e hemo ka guillemot ma hope o ka holo he 10 mika.
ʻEleʻele ka guillemot ma luna, a keʻokeʻo ma lalo. Aia nā manu mānoanoa a pālū ʻia. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou i 2 mau ʻāpana ʻokoʻa. Loaʻa nā ʻāpana momona i nā mea ʻelua. ʻAi ʻia lākou me ka leʻaleʻa e nā pūpū a me nā iʻa.
Seagull Rose
Kāhea ka poʻe noho o ka ʻĀkau iā ia i ka wanaʻao o ka pōʻai Arctic. Eia nō naʻe, i ke kenekulia i hala, ua ʻai like nā kamaʻāina like o ka Arctic, ʻo ka poʻe Eskimo hoʻi, i nā limu a kūʻai aku i kā lākou holoholona i ukuhi ʻia i ko ʻEulopa. No hoʻokahi mea ua lawe lākou ma kahi o $ 200. Ua hōʻemi kēia mau mea āpau i ka heluna liʻiliʻi o nā manu ʻalani. Hoʻokomo ʻia lākou i loko o ka Red Data Book ma ke ʻano he lāhui ʻaneʻane pau mua.
ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku i ka 35 kenimika ka lōʻihi o ka gull rose. Hinahina ke kua o ka holoholona, a like ka umauma a me ka ʻōpū me ka leo o ka lapalapa ahi. ʻUlaʻula nā wāwae. ʻEleʻele ka nuku. ʻO ka lei o ka leo like.
Pālena keʻokeʻo
Aloha i ka tundra hummocky, akā hiki pū kekahi i ka Arctic. E like me ka mea maʻamau, pili ka ptarmigan i ka ʻohana grouse, ke kauoha o nā moa. Nui ka ʻano arctic. Hiki i ka holoholona 42 kenimika ka lōʻihi.
ʻO nā paws hulu koʻikoʻi e kōkua i ka ʻāpana e ola i ka ʻākau. A uhi ʻia nā manamana lima. “ʻAʻahu” ʻia nā puka ihu o ka manu.
Purser
Hoʻokū ʻo ia i nā kahakai pōhaku a ʻeleʻele ke kala. Aia nā māka keʻokeʻo ma nā ʻeheu. ʻUlaʻula ka lani o ka manu. ʻO ke kani like no nā paws. I ka lōʻihi, hiki i ka guillemot 40 kenimika.
Nui nā Guillemots ma ka Arctic. Aia ma kahi o 350 tausani mau pālua. ʻAi ka lehulehu i ka iʻa. Kahua ma nā pōhaku kahakai.
ʻO Lyurik
ʻO kahi malihini kipa pinepine i nā kolone manu ʻākau. Nā lāhui i nā kolone nui. Hiki iā lākou ke waiho ma kahi kokoke i ka wai a ma kahi mamao a 10 mau kilomita.
He nuku pōkole ko Lurik a me he mea lā ua ʻaʻahu ʻia ʻo ia i kahi kapa komo. Keʻokeʻo ka umauma o ka manu, a ma luna he ʻeleʻele nā mea āpau, e like me ka lalo o ka ʻōpū. Pouli nō hoʻi ke poʻo. Liʻiliʻi nā ana o ka dandy.
Punochka
Pili i ka oatmeal, liʻiliʻi, kaupaona ma kahi o 40 gram. He neʻe ka manu; mai nā ʻāina mehana e hoʻi ia i ka Arctic i Malaki. Hiki mua nā kāne. Ke hoʻomākaukau nei lākou i nā pūnana. A laila hiki mai nā wahine, a hoʻomaka ka wā hānau.
I ka ʻōlelo o ka meaʻai, he omnivorous nā buntings. I ke kauwela, ʻoi aku ka makemake o nā manu i ka meaʻai holoholona, ka hopu ʻana i nā kolo. I ka hāʻule, huli ka huehue hau i nā hua a me nā lau.
Pueo pueo
ʻO ka mea nui i waena o nā pueo. Hiki i ka ʻēheu hulu i 160 mau kenimika. E like me nā holoholona he nui, keʻokeʻo ka Arctic e like me ka hau. Hōʻalo kēia. Hoʻohui ʻia ka hāmau o ka lele i ka ʻike maka waho. Kōkua kēia i ka pueo e hopu i kāna mea pio. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā lemona e lilo iā ia. No 12 mau mahina, ʻai ka pueo i hoʻokahi a me ka hapa tausani kēpē.
No nā pūnana, koho nā pueo hau i nā puʻu, e hoʻāʻo nei e loaʻa kahi wahi maloʻo me ka ʻole o ka hau.
ʻO ka pueo ka pona ka nui o ka ʻohana pueo
ʻOkoʻa i 20 mau ʻano manu o nā manu ma ka Arctic, aia he 90 mau mea. Ke ʻōlelo nei e pili ana i nā holoholona ma ka Arctic, hoʻolaʻa ʻoe i ka hapa nui o kou manawa i nā manu. Ua hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻopaʻa iā lākou, e like me ka wahi ponoʻī, i ka kenekulia 4 BC.
Ua ola nā moʻolelo o Pytheas mai Marseilles. Ua huakaʻi ʻo ia i Tula. ʻO kēia ka inoa o ka ʻāina ma ka ʻĀkau ʻĀkau. Mai ia manawa, ua aʻo ka lehulehu i ka noho ʻana o ka Arctic. I kēia lā ua noi nā mokuʻāina 5 no ia. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hoihoi ka poʻe āpau i ke ʻano kū hoʻokahi e like me ka pahu me ka aila.
