Hoʻohana ʻia ka fernern aquarium e hana i nā kūlana hōʻoluʻolu no ka poʻe noho wai - manaʻo lākou ua pale aku lākou i kahi aquarium me nā mea kanu wai. ʻO kahi moku me nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo ke nānā aku i ka nani ma mua o kahi moku i kahi ulu ʻole a ʻike ʻia nā kamaʻāina āpau. ʻO nā mea nona ka aquarium, kāhiko nani ʻia me nā ferns, nā limu, nā mea kanu pua, ʻoluʻolu iā lākou iho, no ka mea ʻo nā mea kanu iʻa iʻa nā kumu hou o ka oxygen.
Ua hala ka hapanui o nā ferns i loko o mau miliona mau makahiki a ʻaʻole i loli, ua pau ko lākou evolution. ʻO kēia mau mea kanu kahiko he mau haneli haneli a me nā tausani o nā laha. Akā aia kekahi mau ferns no ka aquarium, hānai ʻia e nā mea hānai. ʻO ke koho ʻana o nā fernern aquarium me nā kiʻi a me nā wehewehe ʻana i nā mea kanu nani a kaulana hoʻi.
Nā ʻanoʻano o nā ferns kupaianaha
ʻAʻole koi kēia mau mea kanu i nā kūlana kūwaho, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopili, a ua hōʻoia ka manawa i kēia. ʻO kā lākou mea maʻamau ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā lau e hoʻomohala a he ʻōnaehana o nā lālā. ʻOkoʻa ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā ʻano like ʻole i ke kala, ke ʻano o nā lau a me nā nāhelehele, rhizome.
Bolbitis (Bolbitis) o ka ʻohana Shchitovnikov
ʻO ka bolbitis fern me kahi kumu ulu e ulu ākea, ma muli o ke kū ʻana o nā lau i loko o ka wai i kahi kūlana kūlike ʻole, a ua lilo nā unahi gula waxy ma nā koʻokoʻo a me nā ʻāpana lau i mea hoʻonani maoli o nā aquarium. I ka lōʻihi, ulu ia a 60 cm, hiki ke koʻokoʻo i 1 cm, a me ka laulā o ka lau - a 20 cm. paʻakikī ka lau, pinnately paʻakikī, ʻeleʻele a neon ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha, translucent i ka mālamalama.
Kākaʻikahi ke ʻano o nā wana kaikamahine ma nā lau; no ka hana hou ʻana, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lau mai ka ulu nui. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā mea kanu hou na lākou.
I mea e aʻa ai ka bolbitis a ulu pono, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻokomo i nā aʻa i ka lepo. I mea e hoʻoponopono ai i ka fern, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kahi pae (ʻalā lahilahi) e hoʻopili i ka mea kanu i kahi driftwood a i ʻole pōhaku. Ma kahi hou, aʻa lohi ka bolbitis, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻopā ʻole ʻana iā ia me ka ʻole. Ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa, hoʻomaka ia e ulu maikaʻi a ulu i kahi nahele a hiki i 30 mau lau. Hiki i kēlā me kēia mea kanu nunui a pono ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia.
ʻO Azolla carolinian (Azolla caroliniana)
Pili kēia fern i nā mea kanu ulu ʻole i ka hohonu o ka wai, akā ma ka ʻili. ʻO kekahi mau azoll lana e pili kokoke ana iā lākou e uhi i kahi o ka wai e like me ke kapeta.
Ma ke kumu o ka mea kanu, e hoʻopaʻa ana i kekahi ma hope o kekahi, aia nā lau lahilahi a palupalu. ʻO ka poʻe ma luna o ka wai e loaʻa i kahi kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻo ka poʻe e komo i loko o ka wai e huli i ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka wai ma luna o ka lau he nui - hānai ia i ke koʻokoʻo, ʻo nā limu e ulu ana i ka lau e paipai i ka lawe ʻana o ka oxygen a me ka hauhene. ʻO ka lalo, lalo o ka wai, ʻāpana o ka lau lahilahi, hoʻopili ʻia nā spores iā ia.
Hoʻomohala ka mea kanu i ke kau mahana, e hiamoe i ka hoʻoilo. He unpretentious ia, ʻoluʻolu wale i nā fluctuations o ka mahana ma ke kaha o 20-28 ° C. Ke iho ka mahana o ke kaiapuni i 16 ° C, kū ka ulu a hoʻomaka i ka make - hāʻule i lalo, pala. I ka pūnāwai, hānau nā spore viable i nā mea kanu hou.
ʻAʻole makemake nā Ferns i ka wai lepo i loko o ka aquarium, a pono ʻoe e hoʻohou mau i ka wai i ka pahu. Ke mālama nei i kahi Azolla, pono ʻoe e nānā i ka pae o ka paʻakikī (ʻaʻole paʻakikī ka wai) a me ka māmā. Pono ʻo Azolla i kukui no 12 mau hola e hoʻomohala.
Inā nui nā ferns, hiki ke wehe ʻia kekahi o nā kapeta ʻōmaʻomaʻo e lana ana.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i ka azolla i ka hoʻoilo ma ke kau ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o ka mea kanu ma kahi anuanu (a hiki i ka 12 ° C) i ka hāʻule, me ka limu momona. I ʻApelila, pono e hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka fern i mālama ʻia i ka aquarium.
Marsilea crenata
Aia kekahi mau ʻano kaulana o Marsilia, kekahi o lākou ʻo krenata. Kanu ʻia ka mea kanu i ka lepo. ʻO ke koʻokoʻo me nā lālā liʻiliʻi he nui e waiho ana 5 mm a 3 cm i ka nui e ulu a ulu i luna. Pili kokoke nā lālā, mai 0.5 knm a i 2cm.ʻO Marsilia krenata i loko o ka aquarium ke nānā aku ke nani a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo nani o nā lau.
Ulu ulu pono ka mea kanu i loko o ka wai.
ʻAʻole kūlike kēia ʻano marsilia i ka paʻakikī a me ka acidity o ka wai, ʻaʻole makemake i ka mālamalama mālamalama, akā makemake i ka mālamalama waena a me ka liʻiliʻi.
Marsilea hirsuta
ʻO kēia fern aquern fern no Australia, akā i nā kūlana kūlohelohe hiki ke loaʻa ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Hoʻohana ka poʻe Aquarist iā ia e hana i kahi alo mua o ka ipu wai. ʻO nā lau o marsilia hirsut he clover-like; ke kanu ʻia i kahi wai wai, ke ʻano o ka quatrefoil, inā ʻoluʻolu ʻole ka mea kanu, loli. Hiki iā 3.2 a i hoʻokahi lau ma ke koʻokoʻo.
Hoʻolahalaha ka rhizome o ka mea kanu ma luna o ka lepo, a me ia, hohola nā lau fern i loko o kahi kapeta ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Kanu ʻia ʻo Marsilia hirsuta i ka lepo me nā mokupuni, e hoʻokaʻawale ana i nā pūʻulu he 3 mau lau mai ke kumu a kanu iā lākou i ka lepo me nā mimiki. Hoʻokumu koke ke aʻa o ka mea kanu hou, a ulu ka cobweb fern me nā lau ʻōpio ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a laila ʻōmaʻomaʻo maikaʻi.
Makemake ka mea kanu i nā kukui maikaʻi, ka lepo lepo, lawa ka oxygen. Ke hana ʻia nā ʻano ʻoluʻolu, hohola ʻo Marsilia Hirsuta ma ʻō a ma lalo o ka aquarium.
Mai kēlā manawa i kēia manawa hiki iā ʻoe keʻoki i nā lau ma nā wāwae lōʻihi loa a pae i ka papa holoʻokoʻa o nā mānoanoa fern me nā ʻūpā.
Ke holo ʻole kahi lauoho lauoho, ʻo ka manawa kēia e kanu i nā mea kanu ʻōpio. Lawe lākou i ke kapeta o Marsilia, koho i nā hui hoʻohiki loa mai iā ia a hoʻohana iā lākou ma ke ʻano he seedling.
Micrantemum "Monte Carlo" (Micranthemum sp. Monte Carlo)
He mea kupaianaha paha ia, akā ke ʻike ʻia nei nā fernern aquarium i kēia lā. Ua ʻike ʻia kahi kanu fern ʻike ʻole ʻia ma nā kahawai o ʻAtenitina i ka makahiki 2010. Ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma ke ʻano he Monte Carlo Micrantemum a hoʻomaka e loaʻa ka kaulana i waena o nā aquarists. No kēia, ua lawa ka nui o nā lau, kahi e ʻike ai i ka micrantemum mai nā analog kokoke. I ka lepo, hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia ia i kūpono ke ʻōlelo ʻia he nahu ia a ʻaʻole lana i ka papa.
Ke kanu ʻana i ka micrantemum ʻo Monte Carlo, pono ʻoe e ʻokiʻoki i nā aʻa lōʻihi, a hoʻopuehu i nā lūlū ma kahi mamao aku mai kēlā me kēia.
I ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka micrantemum, loaʻa nā aquarist i nā haku mele mua. ʻO kahi hoʻololi maʻalahi mai nā fern lau liʻiliʻi i nā mea kanu aquarium nui e hoʻohui i kahi hoʻopiʻi kūikawā.
Nā ʻano o nā fern Thai
Makemake nā Ferns i nā wahi mehana a me nā wahi wai, a he nui nā ʻāpana aquarium i Thailand.
ʻO ka lau haiki Thai (Mikolomus pteropus "Pihi")
Ua like ʻo Mikalazero i kahi ulu lāʻau, nona nā kumu lōʻihi a me nā lau. ʻO nā kumu, uhi ʻia me ka villi liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia ke aʻa o kahi mea kanu fern-like. ʻAʻole komo hohonu nā koʻokoʻo i ka lepo, akā pālahalaha ʻia. No laila, ʻaʻohe mea nui no ka microzorium inā he pōhaku ka lepo a ʻaʻole paha.
Ke mahi ʻana i ka microzorium, ʻaʻole pono e hehi i nā aʻa i ka lepo. Waiho wale ʻia ka hua ma lalo a kaomi ʻia i lalo me kahi ʻiliʻili i piʻi ʻole i luna.
Kanu ʻia ʻo Microzorium i nā aquarium nui a liʻiliʻi, ma ke anapuni a ma ka waena. Inā nui ka ipu me ka wai - i nā hui.
I loko o kahi waihona wai home, nani ke ʻano o ka fern lau hala Thai. No ka mālama ʻana i nā lau i kahi ʻano nani a mālama i ko lākou ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, pono e hoʻolako ʻia ka mea kanu me ka mālamalama mālamalama.
ʻAʻole makemake kēia ʻano i ka wai paʻakikī, maʻi a maʻi a uhi ʻia me nā kiko ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka mahana hōʻoluʻolu nona + 24 ° C; i nā waiwai haʻahaʻa, pāpā ka mea kanu i kona ulu.
ʻO Thai Windelov (ʻO microso Pteropus "Windelov")
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēia ʻano fernern aquarium e nā lau e lālā ana ma luna, e like me nā anela deer. Mahalo i ka lālā, loaʻa i ka nahele i ka nani a me ke kiʻi kumu, no nā mea makemake aquarists iā ia. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o nā lau o kahi mea kanu makua a hiki i 30 knm, ʻoi iki aʻe ma mua o 5 cm ākea. He ʻōmaʻomaʻo nā lau, mai ka ʻoliva a i ka hohonu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ke kala.
He aʻa aʻa palupalu ko Vindelov, me ia e pili ai ka mea kanu i nā pōhaku, ka lāʻau driftwood a pēlā e hoʻoponopono ai i ke kūlana. Inā piʻi ka wili a Windelov i ka papa, a laila ʻaʻole lōʻihi. Ma lalo o kona kaumaha pono, e hele nō ia i lalo o ka wai.
ʻAʻole kūpono ia e hoʻolauna i ka rhizome Thai Vindelov i loko o ka lepo, e pala ia ma laila.
ʻAʻole koi ia i ka mālama, ulu maikaʻi ia i ka wai hou a me ka wai paʻa. Hana lohi ia.
