ʻO ka bear spectacled (Tremarctos ornatus) a i ʻole "Andean" ka mea maʻamau i ka ʻĀkau Andes ma Colombia, ʻEkuador, Peru, Bolivia a me Chile. ʻO ia wale nō ka bea i loaʻa ma ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ka bea kupaianaha ka ʻohana pili loa o nā bea maka pōkole e noho ana ma ka Middle Late Pleistocene.
Ka wehewehe ʻana o ka bea Andes
ʻO kēia nā bea liʻiliʻi mai ka ʻohana Ursidae. 33% ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine, he 1.5 mika ko lākou kiʻekiʻe a kaupaona ʻia a 154 kg. ʻAʻole kaumaha iki nā wahine ma mua o 82 kg.
Kapa ʻia nā bea spectacled no ka nui o nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a i ʻole semicircles o ka hulu keʻokeʻo e pili ana i nā maka, e hāʻawi ana iā lākou i ke ʻano o "bespectacled". ʻEleʻele ka lole kino Shaggy me ka beige, i kekahi manawa ʻulaʻula nā māka ma ka waha a me ka umauma o luna. Ma muli o ke anuanu e noho ai nā bea a no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou e hibernate, lahilahi ka hulu. ʻO nā ʻano bear ʻē aʻe āpau he 14 paiʻe o nā iwi ʻaoʻao, ʻoiai he 13 nā bea i ʻike nui ʻia.
He mau manamana loloa, ʻāwīwī, ʻiʻo hoʻi nā holoholona i hoʻohana ʻia no ka piʻi ʻana, ʻeli ʻana i nā anthills a me nā puʻu termite. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ka forelimbs ma mua o nā lālā hope, e maʻalahi ai ka piʻi ʻana i nā kumulāʻau. He mau ā ikaika ko nā bea a he ākea a pālahalaha nā molar i hoʻohana ʻia e nā holoholona e nau i nā mea kanu ʻoʻoleʻa e like me ka ʻili lāʻau.
Ma hea e noho ai nā bea kupaianaha?
Noho lākou i nā lau nahele tropical a me alpine, noho i nā ululāʻau ulu ulu e uhi ana i nā pali o nā kuahiwi Andes. Nui nā bea ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka Andes, kahi e emi ai ka palapū o ka noho ʻana o kānaka. E iho mai nā bea mai ke kuahiwi e ʻimi i nā meaʻai i nā wao kai a me nā steppes.
ʻO ka mea e ʻai ai nā bea andean
ʻO lākou nā omnivores. Hōʻiliʻili lākou i nā hua pala, hua, cacti a me ka meli i loko o nā ululāʻau. I nā wā ke loaʻa ʻole nā hua pala, ʻai lākou i ka ʻohe, ke kulina, a me nā epiphytes, nā mea kanu e ulu ana ma nā bromeliads. Mai kēlā manawa kēia manawa hoʻopihapiha lākou i kā lākou papaʻai me nā mea kolo, nā koʻokoʻo a me nā manu, akā ʻo kēia wale nō ma kahi o 7% o kā lākou papaʻai.
ʻO ka nohona bear bear
Nocturnal nā holoholona a hana i ka pō ʻā. I ke ao, peʻe lākou i nā ana, ma lalo o nā aʻa lāʻau a i ʻole nā kumu lāʻau. He mau mea ola kino lākou e hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai i nā lāʻau. ʻO ko lākou ola ke hilinaʻi nui ʻia i kā lākou hiki ke piʻi i nā ululāʻau kiʻekiʻe ʻo Andes.
Ma nā kumulāʻau, kūkulu nā bea i nā papa hanai hānai mai nā lālā haki a me kā lākou kōkua i loaʻa iā lākou ka meaʻai.
ʻO nā bea spectacled ʻaʻole nā holoholona kaiāulu, akā ʻaʻole e noho i nā hui e hōʻalo i ka hoʻokūkū no ka meaʻai. Inā lākou e hālāwai me kekahi bear a kanaka paha, hana lākou me ke akahele akākaʻi ʻole inā makaʻu lākou a hoʻoweliweli paha i nā keiki.
ʻIke ʻia nā holoholona hoʻokahi i nā pālua wale nō i ke kau moʻo. Noho mālie nā bear. Aia wale a hālāwai lākou me kahi hoahānau a laila hāʻawi lākou i kahi leo.
Pehea lākou e hana hou ai a pehea ka lōʻihi o ko lākou ola
Hāpai nā bea tropika i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa, akā ʻo ka hapa nui mai ʻApelila a Iune. Hiki lākou i ke oʻo a hana i nā keiki ma waena o nā makahiki o 4 a me 7.
Hānau ka wahine i 1-2 cubs i kēlā me kēia 2-3 mau makahiki. Hāpai ka hāpai i 6 a 7 mau mahina. Noho pū nā kāne a hala kekahi mau pule ma hope o ka male ʻana. Hoʻolālā ka wahine i kahi hāpai, e hōʻoia i ka hānau ʻana ma kahi o 90 mau lā ma mua o ka piko o ke kau hua ke lawa ka lako pono o ka meaʻai. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka ʻai, komo nā embryo i loko o ke kino o ka makuahine, a ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hānau i kēia makahiki.
Kūkulu ka wahine i lua ma mua o ka hānau ʻana. Kau kaupaona nā Cubs 300-500 mau mākua i ka wā hānau a ʻaʻohe mea kōkua ʻole, pani ʻia ko lākou mau maka i ka mahina mua o ke ola. Noho nā keiki me ko lākou makuahine no 2 mau makahiki, holo ma luna o kona kua, ma mua o ka alualu ʻia ʻana e nā kāne makua e ʻimi nei e hoa me ka wahine.
He 25 mau makahiki ka lōʻihi o ka bea hiohiona i ke ʻano a 35 mau makahiki i ka lawe pio ʻana.
