I kēia lā, pili pono ka hoʻopuka o ka hopena o ka ʻoihana i ka nohona, no ka mea ʻo nā hana o ka metallurgical, chemicals, ikehu, ʻenehana a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe e hana i ka ʻino i hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia i ke kūlohelohe. Ma kēia mea, ua ʻike ʻia kahi ʻano aʻo e like me ke kālaihonua ʻoihana i ke kahua o ka ʻike ʻepekema. Aʻo ʻo ia i ka launa pū o ka ʻoihana a me ke kaiapuni. I ke ʻano o kēia pilikia, ʻimi ʻia ke ʻano o ka lewa a me ka wai, ka lepo a me nā haʻalulu, electromagnetic a me radiation radiation ma ka ʻāina o nā mea kikoʻī. Nānā pū ʻia ka hopena o ka ʻoihana i ka kaolaola o ka noho kahi i waiho ʻia.
Hiki i kēia mau mea āpau ke loiloi i ka hoʻoweliweli maoli i ka kūlohelohe:
- - ke kēkelē o ka haumia o ka biosphere;
- - nā hana o nā hoʻololi i nā kaʻina kūlohelohe;
- - nā hopena o nā hana o nā ʻoihana.
Ka nānā ʻana i ke kaiapuni
Hāʻawi nā mea kaiapuni i nā hopena o ka hoʻololi o ke kaiapuni ma lalo o ka mana o ka ʻoihana, a wānana i ke kūlana o ka wā e hiki mai ana. Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā ana o ke kaiapuni i ka manawa kūpono, koi i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā wahi lapaʻau ma nā mea kanu a me nā hale hana. I kēia manawa, aia kahi manawa ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻoihana ʻoi aku ka uku i nā uku ma mua o ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā kānana. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻaʻole hoʻomaʻemaʻe kahi mau ʻoihana hana hewa ʻole i ka wai mehana wai, akā hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o nā kino wai kūloko. ʻAʻole wale kēia e hoʻohaumia i ka hydrosfer, akā kumu pū kekahi i ka maʻi i ka poʻe e inu wai ana ma hope.
Hoʻopilikia nui kēia i ka paio o nā mea hoʻokele kaiāulu me nā ʻoihana ʻenehana. Ma ke kūpono, pono lākou e mālama i nā koi āpau a me nā loina i mea e hōʻeha ʻole ai i ke kūlohelohe. I ka hana, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā mea āpau. ʻO ia ke kaiaolaola ʻoihana e ʻae iā mākou e noʻonoʻo a hoʻonā i nā pilikia ākea i kū aʻe ma muli o nā hana o nā ʻoihana.
Nā pilikia ecology ʻoihana
Manaʻo kēia aʻo i ka nui o nā pilikia:
- - kaolaola o ka ʻoihana mining;
- - kaolaola ikaika;
- - kaolaola o kahi ʻoihana kemika;
- - hoʻoneoneo hou;
- - ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe.
ʻO ka paʻakikī o nā pilikia o kēlā me kēia mea pili i nā peculiarities o ka hana o ka ʻoihana i hāʻawi ʻia. Manaʻo ke kaiaolaola ʻoihana i nā pae āpau a me nā ola o ka hana. Ma ke kumu o kēia, hoʻomohala ʻia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e pili ana i ka hana a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ke kaiapuni.
