I ke kenekulia iwakālua, aia ka dia sika ma ke kapakai o ka make; koe wale nō kekahi i koe o ka nui o nā kānaka o kēia ʻano. ʻO nā kumu nui i hoʻohuli i ka emi nui o ka heluna kanaka sika e komo pū me: ka luku ʻana i kahi holoholona no ka ʻiʻo, ka ʻili, nā pepeiaohao a i ʻole nā ʻano nohona maikaʻi ʻole. ʻAʻole wale nā kānaka, akā ʻo nā holoholona predatory i komo i ka luku ʻia o kēia ʻano.
Wehewehe
Pili ʻo dia Sika i ke ʻano moʻokalaleo Deer, no ka ʻohana dia. Hoʻohanohano ʻia kēia ʻano dia e ke kumukānāwai lokomaikaʻi o ke kino, ua hōʻike ʻia kona nani i ka hiki ʻana i nā makahiki o 3, ke hiki i nā kāne a me nā wahine i ko lākou kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaupaona e kau like ai.
I ke kau kau, ʻano like ke kala o nā kāne ʻelua, he ʻulaʻula me nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo i ke ʻano o nā kiko. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻeleʻele ka hulu o nā kāne a loaʻa i ke kala ʻoliva-brown, ʻo ka wahine e hina hina. Hiki i nā kāne kāne makua ke piʻi i 1.6-1.8 mau mika i ka lōʻihi a me 0.95-1.12 mau mika i ke kiʻekiʻe ma kahi maloʻo. ʻO ke kaupaona o nā dia makua 75-130 kilokika. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne.
ʻO ka haʻaheo nui a me ka waiwai o ke kāne nā pepeiaohao kihi ʻehā, hiki i ko lākou lōʻihi ke ʻokoʻa mai 65-79 kenimika, me ke kala ʻalani.
ʻO ke kala o kēlā me kēia lunamakaʻāinana o kēia ʻano he kanaka pākahi a hiki ke māmā a ʻeleʻele paha e kekahi mau leo. Ma ke kualapa dia, ʻeleʻele ke kala i nā aniani, a ma nā lālā e ʻoi aku ka māmā a me ka paler. Kī ʻia ke kino o ka holoholona me nā kiko kūloko, ʻoi aku ka nui ma ka ʻōpū, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma ka hope. I kekahi manawa hana nā kiko keʻokeʻo i nā kaha, hiki i ka palule ke piʻi i ka 7 kenimika.
Buke ʻulaʻula
ʻO ka dia Ussuri sika dia no nā ʻano holoholona laha ʻole a helu ʻia i loko o ka puke ʻula. ʻO ka wahi noho o kēia laha ka ʻaoʻao hema o Kina, a ma ka Teritori Primorsky ma Lūkia. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kānaka i 3,000 poʻo.
ʻO ka Red Book kahi palapala kānāwai kūhelu; loaʻa iā ia kahi papa inoa o nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu e ʻaneʻane a aneane make paha. Pono kēlā mau holoholona i ka pale. He papa inoa ʻulaʻula ko kēlā me kēia ʻāina, i kekahi mau hihia, kahi ʻāina a ʻāpana paha.
I ke kenekulia 20, ua helu pū ʻia nā dia sika i loko o ka puke Red. Pāpā ʻia ka ʻimi ʻimi holoholona ʻana i kēia ʻano, inā he mea pepehi kanaka i ka dia sika, e ʻimi ʻino ana a hoʻopaʻi ʻia e ke kānāwai
Ma Rūsia, ke hoʻihoʻi nei nā dia ʻo Ussuri i kāna mau helu i ka waihona Lazovsky, a me ka puʻukū Vasilkovsky. I ke kenekulia XXI, hiki ke hoʻokō i ka hoʻokūpaʻa a hoʻonui i ka helu o kēia ʻano.
ʻO ke ola dia Sika
Noho nā holoholona i nā panalāʻau pākahi. Makemake nā Loners e hānai i nā wahi o 100-200 hectares, makemake ka kāne me ka harem i 400 hectares, a ʻo kahi pūʻā ʻoi aku ma mua o 15 poʻo e pono ai 900 hectares. Ke pau ka wā rutting, hana nā kāne kāne makua i mau hui liʻiliʻi. Aia paha i loko o ka pā nā ʻōpio o nā kāne like ʻole, ʻaʻole i hōʻea i 3 mau makahiki. Piʻi ka helu o nā pua i ka hoʻoilo, keu hoʻi inā maikaʻi ka makahiki no ka ʻohi ʻana.
ʻO nā kāne i hōʻea i ka makahiki o 3-4 mau makahiki e hana i nā pāʻani moena; hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa i kahi wahine a 4 wahine. I nā mālama kūlohelohe, hiki i kahi kāne kāne ikaika ke uhi iā 10 a 20 mau wahine. Kākaʻikahi loa nā hakakā o nā kāne makua. Hānau ka wahine i nā keiki no 7.5 mau mahina, hāʻule ke keiki i ka mua o Iune.
I ke kauwela, hānai nā dia sika i ke ao a me ka pō, a hana pū i nā lā maopopo i ka hoʻoilo. I ka wā maikaʻi ʻole o ke aniau, no ka laʻana, i ka wā o nā hau hau, makemake nā dia e moe i lalo i nā ululāʻau nui.
I ka nele o ka hau, hiki i kahi mākua ke neʻe wikiwiki a hiki ke lanakila maʻalahi i nā keakea he 1.7 mika ke kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻoiho ka hau i ka neʻe o nā holoholona, hoʻoneʻe iā lākou i nā lele a me nā pilikia e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai.
Hiki i nā dia Sika ke hoʻokō i nā neʻe kau. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke dia o ka dia ma mua o 15 mau makahiki. E hōʻemi i ko lākou ola: nā maʻi, ka pōloli, nā mea ʻānai, nā mea ʻai holoholona. I nā mālama kūlohelohe, hiki i nā zoo, nā dia sika ke ola a 21 mau makahiki.
Kahi e noho ai
I ke kenekulia 19, noho nā dia sika ma ka hikina hikina o Kina, Vietnam ʻĀkau, Iapana, a me Kōlea. I kēia lā ua noho mau kēia ʻano ma East Asia, New Zealand a me Russia.
I ka makahiki 1940, ua hoʻokau ʻia nā dia sika i nā waihona i lalo:
- Ilmensky;
- Khopersky;
- Moredovian;
- Buzuluk;
- ʻO Oksky;
- ʻO Tebedinsky.
Makemake nā dia ʻo Sika i nā pali hema a me ka hikina hikina o nā kualono kahakai, kahi e moe ai ka hau no kahi manawa pōkole i ke kau hoʻoilo. Makemake nā ʻōpio a me nā wahine e noho kokoke i ke kai a i lalo i lalo o ka pali.
He aha ka mea e ʻai ai
ʻAi wale kēia ʻano dia i nā mea kanu mea kanu, nona nā ʻano 400. Ma Primorye a me East Asia, 70% o ka papaʻai nā lāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau. Hoʻohana ka dia sika ma ke ʻano he hānai:
- ʻoka, ʻo ia hoʻi nā acorn, nā ʻōpuʻu, nā lau, nā wana;
- ʻO nā hua waina linden a me Amur;
- lehu, Manchurian wōnati;
- maple, elm a me nā sedges.
Ke hoʻohana nei ka holoholona i ka ʻili o nā kumulāʻau no ka meaʻai mai ka waenakonu o ka hoʻoilo, ke uhi ʻia nā ʻāpana nui me ka hau, a mālama ʻole ʻia nā lālā o alder, willow a me nā cherry manu. Kākaʻikahi lākou e inu i ka wai kai.
