ʻ siwi Achatina ʻo ia kekahi o nā gastropod ʻāina nui loa. Nā ʻāina noho me nā anilā aniau mahana. Ma Rūsia, makemake lākou e mālama i kēia mau hū e like me nā holoholona, ʻoiai he unpretentious loa kēia mollusks a ʻaʻole kumu o kā lākou mālama ʻana i nā pilikia no nā mea nona. I ko mākou ʻāina, ʻaʻole ola kēia mau kuhū i ka nahelehele ma muli o ke anuanu o ke anuanu.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Achatina snail
Achatina a i ʻole gastropod mollusk, e pili ana i ke kaʻina o nā nīnū pulmonary, suborder o ka maka maka, ka ʻohana o Achatna. ʻO nā gastropod mua i noho i ko mākou honua mai ka hoʻomaka o ka wā Cretaceous o ke au Mesozoic. ʻO ka fossil kahiko o nā gastropod molluscs aneane he 99 miliona mau makahiki. ʻO nā kūpuna o ka gastropods nā amollite molluscs kahiko, i kū mai ka Devonian a i ka wā Cretaceous o ka wā Mesozoic.
Video: Achatina snail
ʻOkoʻa loa ka ʻAmona mai nā nīnūnē. ʻO nā kīʻaha kahiko he mea kino a ʻano like me nā molluscs o kēia manawa Nautilus pompilius. ʻAʻau manuahi kēia molluscs i ka wai a nui ka nui. No ka manawa mua, ua wehewehe ʻia ke ʻano Achatina fulica e ka mea loea ʻalani ʻo Baron André Etienne Ferussac ma 1821.
ʻO Achatina kahi hui holoʻokoʻa o nā kīʻaha ʻāina, kahi e hoʻopili ana i nā ʻano e like me:
- achatina reticulata;
- achatina Craveni;
- achatina Glutinosa;
- achatina immaculata;
- achatina Panthera;
- achatina Tincta;
ʻO nā Achatina he mau hū nui me kahi pū lōʻihi o 8-15 cm, eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona nui loa i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pūpū ma mua o 25 cm ka nui. Loaʻa i nā kīʻaha kahi pūpū canonical, wili ʻaoʻao. Ma ka awelika, aia ma kahi o 8 huli i ka pūpū. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kala o ka honi a pili i ka mea a ka ʻā e ʻai nei. ʻO ke kumu, ke kala ʻia o ke kala o Achatina e nā melemele a me nā leo brown. Loaʻa i ka pūpū i kahi ʻano o nā kaha melemele a me ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: he aha ke ʻano o ke kākā Achatina
ʻO Achatina nā gastropod terrestrial nui. ʻO ka nui o ka pūpū o kahi makua mai 10 a 25 cm ka lōʻihi. Kaupaona ʻia ka snail ma kahi o 250-300 gram. Ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi, hiki ke kaumaha o ka mollusk i 400 gram. ʻO ke kino he palakiko, a hiki i ka 16 cm ka lōʻihi, uhi paʻa ʻia me kahi ʻano o nā wili maikaʻi. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ke ʻano o ka hū i ʻelua mau ʻāpana hana: ka cephalopodia - ke poʻo a me ka wāwae o ka mollusk a me ka visceropallia (kumu).
Nui aʻe ke poʻo o ka mollusk, aia i mua o ke kino. Ma ke poʻo he mau pepeiaohao liʻiliʻi, ceria gantia, nā maka a me ka waha. Aia nā maka o ke kīʻaha ma nā wēlau o ka hale lole. ʻAʻole lākou ʻike maikaʻi i nā kuhū. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā kinona o nā mea i kahi mamao o 1 cm mai nā maka. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i waena o ka nui o ke kukui. ʻAʻole makemake lākou i ke kukui ʻōlinolino. Inā kū ka lā i ka ʻō, hoʻomaka ka mollusk e peʻe. Hoʻolālā maikaʻi ʻia ka hakahaka waha. I loko o laila he elelo e pili ai ke kākalaioa. Ma muli o kēia hiʻohiʻona hanana, hiki i ka nīna ke hopu maʻalahi i ka meaʻai me kāna alelo.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Loaʻa i nā nika o kēia ʻano he 25 tausani mau niho. Ikaika nā niho, haku ʻia i ka chitin. Me ke kōkua o kona mau niho, wili ke kuhū i nā ʻāpana paʻa o ka meaʻai.
Ikaika ka wāwae o ke keʻo, me kahi wili nui, me ke kōkua o hiki ke neʻe ke kolo i ka ʻelua a me ke ākea. Hūnā nā glands o ka hū i kahi mucus kūikawā e paipai i ka heʻe ʻana a me ka hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻilikai. Pale ʻia ka ʻeke o loko e kahi pūpū paʻa. He maʻalahi ka snail i loko o nā ʻōhua: kahi puʻuwai, kahi akemāmā a me hoʻokahi puʻupaʻa. Aia ka puʻuwai me ka atrium hema a hoʻopuni ʻia ka ventricle e ka pericardium. Maʻemaʻe ke koko. Hanu ka nahena i ka ea ma o nā akemāmā a me ka ʻili.
Ikaika a paʻa ka pūpū o ka pāpaʻi. Kūlike ka helu o nā huli i ka makahiki o ka mollusk. ʻO ke kala o ka pūpū o nā mollusks o nā subspecies like hiki ke ʻokoʻa loa. Aia ke kala o ka pūpū i ka papaʻai a ka nī a me nā kūlana e ola ai kēlā me kēia. ʻO ka awelika o ke ola o kēia mau mollusks i ka nahelehele he 11 mau makahiki; i ke pio ʻana, hiki i kēia mau mea ola ke noho lōʻihi.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻO Achatina, e like me nā nīnū ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hana hou. ʻO ia, hiki i ke kī ke hoʻoulu hou i ka ʻāpana o ke kino i nalo.
Ma hea e noho ai ke sika Achatina?
Kiʻi: Achatina snail ma ka home
Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ʻApelika kahi hānau o Achatina. I ka wā mua, noho wale nā nīnū i ke aniau mehana a mehana o ʻApelika, akā i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, mahalo i ke kanaka, ua pālahalaha kēia mau nīnū a puni ka honua. Noho ʻo Akhatins i kēia manawa ma ʻAitiopa, Kenya, Somalia. I ke kenekulia 19, ua hoʻolauna ʻia nā kuhū i ʻInia a me ka Lepupalika ʻo Mauritius. Ma kahi kokoke i ke kenekulia 20, ua hele mai kēia mau hū i ka mokupuni ʻo Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Thailand. I ka hopena o ke kenekulia 20, ua hoʻolauna ʻia kēia mau kina i Kaleponi, Hawaii, ʻIlani, Nūkini Hou, a me Tahiti.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: He mollusks akamai nā snails, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomanaʻo i ka mea i loaʻa iā lākou i ka hola i hala, e hoʻomanaʻo i ka wahi o nā kumuwaiwai. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ʻono a loaʻa nā makemake ʻono. Hiki i nā hika kūloko ke hoʻomaopopo i ka mea nona.
A i ka hopena hoʻi o ke kenekulia 20, ua ʻike ʻia kēia mau kina ma Caribbean. Makemake lākou i nā wahi me kahi ʻano mehana a mehana no ka noho ʻana. ʻEleu ia ma hope o ka ua i nā ea ea mai 10 a 30 ° C. Ma nā mahana wela, hāʻule ia i kahi makaʻu, e uhi ana i ka puka o ka pūpū me kahi papa o ka mucus. Ma nā mahana haʻahaʻa mai 8 a 3 ° C, hibernates ia. Kūpono ʻole kēia mau nīnū i nā kūlana kūwaho, a ua hiki ke haku i ke ola ma aneane o nā biotype. Hiki ke loaʻa ʻo Achatin i ka nahele, pāka, nā awāwa a me nā kula.
Hiki ke noho kokoke i kahi noho o ke kanaka e manaʻo ʻia ai he ʻano laha. ʻO ka lawe ʻia ʻana mai o kēia mau mollusc i ka panalāʻau o nā ʻāina he nui e pāpā ikaika ʻia. Ma ʻAmelika, hoʻopaʻi ʻia ka lawe ʻia mai o Akhatin e kahi wā paʻa. Poino i ka mahiʻai.
I kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻoe i ka mālama ʻana i ka hika Achatina ma ka home. E nānā pehea e hānai ai i kēia mollusk gastropod.
He aha ka mea e ʻai ai ka nīʻau Achatina?
Kiʻi: snail Big Achatina
ʻO nā Ahetians he molluscs herbivorous e hānai i nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā mea kanu a me nā huaʻai.
ʻO ka papaʻai o nā snails Achatina:
- kō kō;
- ʻōpuʻu lāʻau;
- pala nā pala o nā mea kanu;
- nā hua i hoʻopau ʻia;
- lau o nā lāʻau hua;
- lau o ka hua waina, lettuce;
- ululāʻau;
- dandelions;
- plantain;
- lucene;
- ʻupena;
- nā huaʻai (e like me nā avocados, nā hua waina, nā pineapa, ka mango, nā cherry, nā ʻapelika, nā pears, nā ʻāpala);
- nā mea kanu (kāloti, kāpiki, zucchini, beets, ʻumeke, sāleta);
- ʻili lāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau.
Ma ka home, hānai ʻia nā nīna i nā mea kanu (broccoli, kāloti, letus, cabbage, kukama, pepa bele). ʻO nā hua ʻōpala, nā pears, manga, avocado, maiʻa, nā hua waina. Nā Melona Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea liʻiliʻi o ka oatmeal, cereals, ʻai ʻana i ka iwi, a me nā nati o ka ʻāina i mea ʻai kōkua. No ka hoʻomohala pono ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o ka pūpū, pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka Achatina i nā kumuwaiwai hou aʻe o ka mineral - chalk, egghell ground finll a i ʻole ka pōhaku pūpū.
Pono e hāʻawi i kēia mau mea i loko o nā mea liʻiliʻi i kāpīpī ʻia i ka meaʻai nui. Mālama maʻalahi ka makua Achatina i ka meaʻai paʻa. Hiki ke hānai ʻia i nā nīnī liʻiliʻi me nā hua i kālai ʻia a me nā mea kanu, akā ʻaʻole pono e hāʻawi ʻia kaʻuala i hiki ke hānai ʻia i loko o nā pēpē. Ma waho aʻe o ka meaʻai, pono mau ka holoholona i ka wai i loko o ka mea inu.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: He mau mea paʻakikī ʻo Achatina, hiki iā lākou ke nele i ka meaʻai i nā lā he nui, a ʻaʻole ia e pōʻino iā lākou. I ka nahelehele, i ka manawa ʻaʻole hiki i nā Achatins ke loaʻa ka meaʻai no ka manawa lōʻihi, hibernate wale lākou.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: ʻAilika ʻAlika Achatina
ʻO nā kuhū nā mea noho malie loa e alakaʻi nei i kahi ola mālie. I ka nahelehele, noho wale lākou, a i ʻole hana i kahi pālua a noho pū i ka teritori like. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke noho i ke ʻano o kahi pūʻā no kahi manawa lōʻihi, kahi hōʻiliʻili nui o nā mākua e alakaʻi i ke koʻikoʻi. No laila, i ka wā o ka noho nui a me ka piʻi nui i ka ulu ʻana o ka heluna kanaka, hiki ke hoʻomaka ka neʻe nui ʻana o Achatina.
Hana ʻo Achatina ma hope o ka ua a me ka pō. I ke ao, puka mai kēia mau mollusks mai ka peʻe wale ʻana ke kūpulu ʻo waho. I nā lā ʻālohilohi, peʻe ka hū ma hope o nā pōhaku, ma waena o nā aʻa o nā kumu lāʻau a me nā ulu lāʻau o ka nahele mai ka lā mai. Hāʻalo pinepine lākou i ka lepo i ʻole e wela nui. Hiki i nā ʻōpiopio ʻōpio ke huakaʻi hele i kahi mamao loa a ʻaʻole nākiʻi ʻia i nā wahi hoʻomaha. ʻOi aku ka conservative o ka poʻe ʻelemākule a no ka leʻaleʻa hoʻolako lākou iā lākou iho me kahi wahi e hoʻomaha ai a nānā i nā meaʻai na lākou iho kokoke i kēia wahi, e hoʻāʻo nei ʻaʻole e neʻe aku ma mua o 5 mau mika. E neʻe mālie loa i hoʻokahi minute, kolo ʻo Achatina ma ka awelika 1-2 cm.
I ka nahelehele, me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole no ke ola, kūlou ʻo Achatins i ka lepo, pani i ka hakahaka i loko o ka pūpū me kahi kiʻi pilikino hoʻopili i hana ʻia e ka mucus a me ka hibernate. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia i ka hibernation, he ʻano pale ia, ʻaʻole pono ke hiamoe e hiamoe, hana ia i kēia no ke kali ʻana i nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole o ke kaiapuni. Hiki i nā kuhukulu kūloko ke hibernate ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole. Hana pinepine kēia inā ʻaʻohe lawa ka meaʻai o ke kuhū, a kaulike ʻole paha kāna meaʻai, ke maloʻo ke ea o ka terrarium, inā anuanu a koʻikoʻi paha ka pipi.
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka hibernation lōʻihi no nā molluscs. I ka wā hiamoe, lilo ke kaona i ka nui o ke kaumaha, a ʻoi aku, i ka wā o ka hiamoe lōʻihi ʻana ma ka puka o ka pūpū, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni mua a ka snail e pani ai i kāna pū, hana ʻia nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni like o ka mucus. A ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka hiamoe, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ke ala ʻana. No ke ala ʻana i kahi kōkō ma hope o ka hiamoe ʻana ua lawa ia e paʻa ai ma lalo o ke kahawai o ka wai mehana a ma hope o kekahi manawa e ala aʻe ke kōā a hele i waho o kona hale. I ke ala ʻana, hāʻawi i ka nī me nā kūlana maikaʻi a hoʻonui i ka meaʻai.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Giant snail Achatina
Hoʻolālā ʻole ʻia ke ʻano nohona o nā kuhū. Noho pinepine ʻo Achatins noho hoʻokahi, i kekahi manawa hiki iā lākou ke noho i ka ʻāina like me he kāne ʻelua. ʻAʻole kūkulu nā kuhū i nā ʻohana a mālama ʻole i kā lākou keiki. ʻO Achatina nā hermaphrodites, hiki i kēlā me kēia kanaka ke hana i nā hana wahine a me nā kāne. I nā kūlana koʻikoʻi, hiki i nā nīnū ke hana pono iā ia iho, akā hiki kēia i nā hanana kakaʻikahi.
Mākaukau nā kānaka no ka moʻo kolo ʻana i nā pōʻai, e hoʻokiʻi iki nei i ko lākou kino i mua, i kekahi manawa e kū ana, me he mea lā e ʻimi ana i kahi mea. Ke hui ʻelua mau ʻūlū, hoʻomaka lākou e launa, ʻike kekahi i kekahi me nā tentacles, a kolo i kahi pōʻai. Hiki ke mālama i kēlā mau ʻano moena male a i 2 mau hola, ma hope o ka hāʻule pū ʻana o nā nīnī, e pili ana kekahi i kekahi.
Inā like ka nui o nā nīnū, mālama ʻia ka momona ma nā mea ʻono ʻelua. Inā ʻoi aku ka nui o kekahi kuhū ma mua o ka mea ʻē aʻe, a laila e hana ka nīnū nui ma ke ʻano he wahine, ʻoiai ka nui o ka ikehu e pono ai ka ulu ʻana o nā hua. Liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā snails, ʻo ka poʻe mākua e hana mau ma ke ʻano he kāne, hana nui nā kānaka he wahine.
Ma hope o ka moʻo ʻana, hiki i ka nīni ke mālama i ka sperm no kekahi mau makahiki; hoʻohana lohi ʻia ia no nā hua hou i oʻo. I hoʻokahi litter, waiho kahi kanaka ma kahi o 200 mau hua; ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia i ka nui o ka paʻa i 300 mau hua. I hoʻokahi makahiki, hiki i hoʻokahi kanaka ke hana i 6 pēlā paʻa. Hānau ka hānai i nā hika ma kahi o 7 a 14 mau lā. Hoʻokumu ka wahine i kahi paʻa i ka lepo. Ma hope o ka hoʻomoe ʻana o ke kuhū, poina iā lākou.
Liʻiliʻi nā hua, ma kahi o 5 mm ka lōʻihi, elongated iki. Ma hope o 2-3 mau pule, hatch ka hū mai nā hua manu. Ke ulu wikiwiki nei nā nūnū liʻiliʻi no nā makahiki 2 mua, a ma hope e lohi loa ka ulu ʻana o ke kō. Hiki i nā ʻōpio ke oʻo i ka moekolohe ma ka makahiki 7-14 mau mahina, kaukaʻi ʻia i nā ʻano pākahi o kēlā me kēia, a me nā kūlana noho.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā koʻi Achatina
Kiʻi: he aha ke ʻano o ke kākā Achatina
Ma nā wahi o ka nohona maʻamau, nui nā ʻenemi o Achatina i ka nāhelehele, mahalo i ka helu o kēia mau mollusks e hoʻoponopono ʻia.
ʻO nā ʻenemi nui o nā iʻa i ka nāhelehele:
- nā moʻo nui;
- toads;
- mole;
- nāʻiole, nāʻiole a me nā meheu ʻē aʻe;
- nā manu lele nui e like me falcon, ʻaeto, ʻakaʻaka, ʻaka a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui;
- snails genoxis.
Eia nō naʻe, mai poina i ka nui o nā ʻāina, keu hoʻi kahi i pāpā ʻia ai ka lawe ʻana mai o kēia mau nīno, ma muli o ka nui o ka mollusk a me nā ʻano o ka holoholona, ʻaʻohe ʻenemi paha o nā nīnū. I kēia hihia, hiki i ka hoʻohua hou ʻole ʻia o kēia mollusks ke lilo i pōʻino maoli, no ka mea, hoʻonui pinepine lākou a noho i nā wahi nui. A ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe, ʻai nā nīno i nā greens āpau a lākou e hui ai i ko lākou ala.
Palekana ʻia ʻo Achatina e nā ʻano helminths he nui, ʻo ka mea ʻoluʻolu ʻole loa o lākou nā hookworms a me nā ilo woratode. Hiki i kēia mau ilo ke noho i loko o ka pūpū o kahi kuhū, a ma ke kino o kahi mollusk. ʻO kahi mollusk e ʻeha nei i nā parasite e lilo i lethargic, a inā ʻaʻole e hemo iā lākou, e make paha ke kākā.
Hoʻohui, hiki i nā nīnū ke hoʻopili i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe a me nā kānaka me nā maʻi parasita.
A maʻi ʻo Achatina me nā maʻi fungal i ka wā hypothermia, hiki iā lākou ke hopu i kahi anuanu, akā maʻa mau ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole e hiamoe nā nīnū.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: snails Achatina
ʻO ke kūlana mālama o nā ʻano Achatina ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻohe mea hoʻoweliweli i ka laha. Nui loa ka heluna kanaka o nā lāhui, maikaʻi ka manaʻo o nā mollusks i ko lākou wahi maoli, hana maikaʻi a wikiwiki a hoʻopiha i nā ʻāina hou. Hoʻoweliweli nui ia ka laha, ʻo ia hoʻi hiki i nā laha ke hiki ke hoʻololi koke i nā kūlana kaiapuni hou, e komo hewa ana i nā kaiaolaola no kēia ʻano.
I nā ʻāina he nui, ua hoʻolauna ʻia kahi pāpā ma ka lawe mai o Achatina, me ka waiho ʻole ʻia o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o kēia mau mollusks i loko o nā kaiaolaola i malihini iā lākou. ʻO Achatina nā mea mahiʻai mahiʻai weliweli; ʻai nā nīna i nā mea kanu, nā hua a me nā mea kanu ma nā mahiʻai. ʻO ke kū ʻana o Achatins i kahi kaiaolaola malihini i nā nui he hiki ke lilo i pōʻino maoli no ka mahiʻai o kēia wahi.
I nā makahiki i hala aku nei, i ko mākou ʻāina, makemake lākou e mālama i kēia mau mea ola ma ke ʻano he holoholona. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, unpretentious, ʻoluʻolu a he hauʻoli nā poʻe he nui i ka nānā ʻana i kēia mau mea ola. Hāpai pinepine ʻia nā hū a hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻōpio me ka uku ʻole. Eia naʻe, mai poina i kekahi hihia ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻolei wale i nā hua snail, no ka mea hiki i ka Achatina ke kiko a noho koke i kahi ʻāina hou.
I ko mākou ʻāina, ʻaʻole ola ʻo Achatins i ka nāhelehele, no laila ʻaʻohe pāpā i ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau holoholona. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, hiki ke hoʻopaʻi ʻia ka lawe ʻana mai i nā kuhū i loko o ka ʻāina i ka manawa paʻahao a 5 mau makahiki i loko o ka hale paʻahao, a luku ʻia nā kuhū i lawe ʻia mai. A pāpā ʻia hoʻi ka lawe ʻole ʻana mai i nā nīna i loko o ka ʻāina o nā ʻāina ʻē he nui kahi e ola ai ka quarantine.
ʻ siwi Achatina mea kupaianaha. Hoʻololi loa nā kuhū, ola maʻalahi i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ke kaona kūwaho. Hoʻopili koke lākou a noho i nā panalāʻau hou. Kūpono lākou i nā mea he nui e like me nā holoholona, no ka mea hiki i ke keiki ke mālama iā Achatina. ʻO ka mea ʻino mai nā kīʻaha nā mea lawe o nā parasites i hiki ke maʻi ʻia. No laila, ke hoʻoholo nei e loaʻa kahi holoholona pēpē, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i nā manawa he nui inā he pono ke hana a ʻaʻole paha.
Lā paʻi: 08/13/2019
Lā hou: 14.08.2019 ma 23:47
