ʻO nā wao akua a me nā wao akua he mau wahi liʻiliʻi ia o ka Honua. ʻO ke kaulike awelika he 1 kanaka no 4-5 sq. km, no laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hele wāwae no nā pule me ka hui ʻole ʻana i hoʻokahi kanaka. Kū maloʻo ke aniau o nā wao akua a me nā waoakua, me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻike ʻia ia e nā fluctuations nui o ka wela o ke ea i ke ao a me nā waiwai o ka pō ma waena o 25-40 kekelē Celsius. Kūpono ʻia ka Precipitation ma aneʻi i kēlā me kēia mau makahiki. Ma muli o nā kūlana anilaki kikoʻī, kahi honua kū hoʻokahi o flora a me nā holoholona i hoʻomohala ʻia i ka wahi o nā wao akua a me nā wao akua.
Kūkākūkā nā ʻepekema ʻo nā wao nahele ka pilikia nui o ka honua.
Nā ʻano o nā wao akua a me nā wao akua
Wahi a ka hoʻohālikelike kaiaola, eia kekahi ʻano o nā wao akua a me nā wao akua.
- maloʻo - i nā tropika a me nā subtropics, loaʻa kahi ʻano maloʻo wela wela;
- anthropogenic - ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he hopena o nā hana ʻino kanaka;
- noho ʻia - he mau kahawai a me nā oasis, i lilo i mau wahi noho no ka poʻe;
- ʻoihana - ua hōʻino ʻia ke kaolaola e nā hana hana o ka poʻe;
- arctic - he uhi hau a me kona hau, kahi i loaʻa ʻole ai nā mea ola.
Ua ʻike ʻia he nui nā waihona o nā aila a me nā kinoea i nā wao akua, a me nā metala makamae, i alakaʻi ʻia ai kēia mau panalāʻau e ka poʻe. Hoʻonui ka hana aila i ka pae o ka weliweli. I ka hanana o kahi ninini aila, hoʻopau ʻia nā kaiaolaola holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO kahi pilikia ʻē aʻe kahi e ʻimi nei i ka ʻai, a ʻo kahi hopena e luku ʻia nei nā mea ola. Ma muli o ka nele o ka wai, aia ka pilikia o ka wai ʻole. ʻO kekahi pilikia ka lepo a me nā ʻino one. Ma ka laulā, ʻaʻole kēia kahi papa inoa piha o nā pilikia āpau o nā wao akua a me nā wao akua.
Inā mākou e kamaʻilio hou e pili ana i nā pilikia kaiaola o nā wao akua, ʻo ka pilikia nui ka hoʻonui ʻana. No laila he nui nā wao akua he neʻe mai nā ʻāpana steppes a i nā wao akua, akā ma lalo o ka mana o kekahi mau kumu, hoʻonui lākou i ko lākou ʻāina, a lilo lākou i mau wao akua. Hoʻoulu ka hapa nui o kēia hana i nā hana anthropogenic - keʻoki ʻana i nā kumulāʻau, ka luku ʻana i nā holoholona, ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hana ʻoihana, ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka lepo. ʻO ka hopena, nele ka semi-waoakua i ka wai, make nā mea kanu, a me kekahi o nā holoholona, a neʻe kekahi. No laila lilo koke ka semi-waoakua i wao akua ʻole ʻole (a ʻaneʻane ʻaʻohe ola).
Nā pilikia kūlohelohe o nā wao nahele arctic
Aia nā wao akua ʻo Artctic ma ka ʻaoʻao kūkulu ʻākau a me ka hema, kahi e hoʻomalu ai nā mahana subzero ma kahi o nā manawa āpau, hau ka hau a aia he heluna nui o nā glacier. Hana ʻia nā wao nahele ʻo Arctic a me Antarctic me ka ʻole o ka mana o ke kanaka. ʻO ka mahana maʻamau o ka hoʻoilo mai –30 a –60 kekelē Celsius, a i ke kauwela hiki ke piʻi aʻe i +3 kekelē. ʻO 400 mm ka awelika i ka awelika. ʻOiai ua uhi ʻia ka papa o nā wao akua i ka hau, ʻaʻohe mea kanu ma aneʻi, koe wale nō nā laikini a me nā limu. Ua maʻa nā holoholona i nā kūlana aniau paʻakikī.
I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua ʻike ka wao akua arctic i kahi mana kanaka maikaʻi ʻole. Me ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o nā kānaka, hoʻomaka ka hoʻololi o ke kaiaolaola Arctic a me Antarctic. No laila ua alakaʻi ka lawaiʻa ʻoihana i ka hoʻemi i ko lākou lehulehu. I kēlā me kēia makahiki ka helu o nā sila a me nā walrus, nā polar bear a me nā alopeka arctic e hoʻemi i aneʻi. Aia kekahi mau ʻano ma ke kaʻe o ka make mahalo i nā kānaka.
I ka wahi o nā wao nahele arctic, ua ʻike ka ʻepekema i nā mālama nui o nā minelala. Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻomaka kā lākou kāʻili ʻana, a ʻaʻole hoʻokō maikaʻi ʻia kēia. I kekahi manawa kū nā pōpilikia, a kahe ka aila ma ka ʻāina o nā kaiaolaola, komo nā mea ʻino i ka lewa, a kū ka haumia o ka biosystem i ka honua.
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻopā i ke kumuhana o ka hoʻomehana honua. Hāʻawi ka wela maʻamau i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o nā aniani i ka hema a me ka ʻākau hemispheres. ʻO ka hopena, ke emi nei ka ʻāina o nā wao nahele ʻo Arctic, piʻi ka wai i ka Honua Honua. Hāʻawi kēia i ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kaiaolaola wale nō, akā ka neʻe ʻana o kekahi ʻano flora a me nā holoholona i nā wahi ʻē aʻe a me kā lākou hoʻopau hapa.
No laila, lilo ka pilikia o nā wao akua a me nā wao akua i global. Ke piʻi nei ko lākou helu ma o ka hewa o ke kanaka wale nō, no laila ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻōki ʻana i kēia kaʻina hana, akā e hana i nā hana kolohe e mālama i ke kūlohelohe.
