ʻUltureiwi Griffonma ke ʻano he predator, koho ʻo ia i kona wahi e noho ai ma nā wahi kahi i loaʻa ʻole nā holoholona hihiu wale nō, akā me nā mea ulu hoʻi.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Noho ka manu lele griffon ma Asia, ʻApelika, ka Peninsula ʻo ʻAlapia, ma ka mokupuni ʻo Sardinia a me Sisilia, a ma ka Russian Federation, Belarus a me nā wahi hihiu i hoʻopā ʻole ʻia e ke kanaka. Aia kēia wahi i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe, nā kula, nā wao akua, nā wao akua, nā ʻāina pōhaku.
Manu manu lele Griffon, ʻo ia kahi scavenger nui, nona ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 90 a 115 cm, ke kaumaha o kahi manu i 6 a 12 kg, me ka eheu o 0.24-0.28 mau mika. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ke kala.
ʻO ka helehelena o ka manu he ʻulaʻula hina ke kua o ka hope. ʻEleʻele ka ʻōpū i ke kala, me ka goiter kahi kahi o ka ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele maʻamau. Ma ka ʻāʻī o ka manu, he fluff keʻokeʻo mānoanoa ke kola. He melemele a polū-hina ka nuku. Pākuʻi hina hoʻi nā pā, pōkole i ka lōʻihi.
ʻOkoʻa ka poʻe ʻōpio mai ka poʻe kahiko i ka malu. He kua ko ka manu ʻōpio me nā kala ʻeleʻele, kahi lalo māmā o nā uhi, i loli i nā makahiki a loaʻa ke kala makua o ka manu i loko o 5 mau makahiki.
Nā ʻano
No ka mea ʻo ka ʻohana hawk ka ʻohana griffon, nona nā ʻano e like me ka ʻano o kekahi i kekahi.
1. Aeto gula;
2. Marsh (ʻohe) harrier;
3. Aeto Koki nui;
4. Kanaka ʻumiʻumi;
5. ʻEulopa tuvik;
6. Buzzard wāwae wāwae maʻalahi;
7. Serpentine;
8. Buzzard;
9. Lupe ʻulaʻula;
10. Kurgannik;
11. Meadow Harrier;
12. Aeto Kahakai uuku;
13. ʻElepa ʻaeto;
14. Kahua kanu ʻEpela;
15. Aeto huelo keʻokeʻo;
16. ʻAi holoi;
17. Kahua Kahakai;
18. Steppe Harrier;
19. ʻAeto ʻaeto;
20. ʻAiwi;
21. ʻAleʻeleʻeleʻele;
22 Lupe ʻeleʻele;
23. Griffon ʻAiwi;
24. ʻO Goshawk.
ʻO nā ʻāpana kikoʻī o ka manu lele griffon:
1. ʻAuhea griffon maʻamau;
2. ʻ .iwi ʻAiwi Griffon;
3. Manu ʻele a i ʻole kumai.
ʻO ka ʻohana āpau o nā hawk ka like o ka nui, ke kala, a me nā ʻano predator. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka nuku he mau hiʻohiʻona maʻamau: aia i ka nuku kahi elongation a me nā ʻoki ʻoki ʻoi. ʻO ka komo ʻana o nā manu o kēia ʻohana he hulu a he manamana wāwae.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Inā mākou e noʻonoʻo, a laila hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i kēlā manu lele griffon i ka kiʻi he huelo lōʻihi, ʻeheu ākea, he kāne makua a wahine wahine ma ka ʻāʻī e ʻike ʻia me ke keʻokeʻo lōʻihi i lalo. ʻOiai ka nui, ua liʻiliʻi ke poʻo o ka manu, ʻo ka plumage ma ke poʻo i ke ʻano o kahi pūkuniahi keʻokeʻo.
Noho i ka piko mauna o ka North Caucasus, hāʻawi ka manu iā ia iho me ka meaʻai a me ka maʻalahi o ka lele ʻana i ka ea. Koho ka manu i nā noho mauna a me nā pōhaku ma muli o kona nui, no ka mea he paʻakikī ia e hemo mai nā papa pālahalaha.
ʻO nā ʻano hana o ka lele ʻana o nā ʻeheu he mau pale kākaʻikahi ia, akā i ka manawa like me ka hohonu, no laila ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka manu e hāʻule i nā pōhaku, nā pali, me ka ʻole o ka papa i kona mau ʻeheu, a ma kahi pālahalaha, paʻakikī kēia neʻe ʻana o nā ʻeheu e neʻe a hemo koke. Hoʻoweliweli ke kani manu i ke kani ke hea aku nei me ka ʻohana.
Hoʻonui ka ʻāina maloʻo o ko lākou wahi i ko lākou ola, ʻoiai he manu ʻaʻā ka manu, hānai ia a ola ma muli o ke kino make. ʻO ke ola o nā mākua a 25 mau makahiki, i nā zoo hiki iā lākou ke ola a 40 mau makahiki.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻ speakslelo ka predatory o ke ʻano keʻokeʻo nona iho, ʻoiai he manu ʻaihue ka manu, hānai wale ia i ka ʻāpana muscular o nā holoholona. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole ʻai ka manu i ka iwi a i ʻole ka ʻili mai ka mea pio. Ma waho o ke kino, ʻai ka manu i nā ʻōpala meaʻai i waiho ʻia e ka poʻe.
Ma mua o ka hemo ʻana, ke kali nei ka manu lele griffon i ka ea e mehana ai i ka mahana i koi ʻia, a laila lele i ka ʻimi ʻana i ke kino make. Mai ka 800 mika, nānā ka manu i ka ʻāina a loaʻa ka meaʻai i ke aloha i kona ʻike ʻike maikaʻi loa.
ʻO ka manu ka mea nui ma luna o nā manu o kona pōʻai, ʻoiai ke hoʻokokoke ʻana i ke kino make, ʻo ia ka mea mua e hoʻomaka i ka papa ʻaina, e wāwahi nei i ka mea pio me kona nuku. Ua ʻai i ka ʻiʻo āpau, haʻalele ka manu i ke kino, a ʻohi koke nā mea i koe i ka meaʻai i koe.
No laila, hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo he hierarchy kā ka honua manu. He helehelena kupaianaha ko ka viff griffon, ua ʻai lawa, hiki ke hele me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai no ka manawa lōʻihi loa.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Makemake ka manu i ke kū mau, pūnana i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe, ma nā pali o nā mauna, ma waena o nā māwae i nā pōhaku. Noho ka manu i nā kolone (a i 20 mau pālua). Hana ʻia ka male ʻana o ke kāne a me ka wahine ma waena o Ianuali a me Malaki.
Hoʻokomo ka wahine i hoʻokahi hua keʻokeʻo, akā i ka manawa like, ʻo ke kāne a me ka wahine, e kuapo ana i waena o lākou iho, e hoʻoulu i ka hua no 50 mau lā, e hānai i ka moa no 130 mau lā ma hope o ka hatching.
ʻO Griffon Vulture keiki i ka plumage downy mua i ke keʻokeʻo, ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, loaʻa ka loli ma luna o ka plumage i kahi lōʻihi i lalo a i ʻole kahi malu kalima a hina paha. I ka makahiki ʻehā o ke ola, ua moekolohe nā kāne ʻōpio a me nā wahine, akā hoʻomaka lākou i ka pūnana ma hope.
Ke hoʻomaka nei nā kāne e ʻimi i nā wahine e hana i ko lākou ʻohana mai ka hoʻomaka o Ianuali. ʻO kā lākou mākaukau ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pūnana kahiko a i ʻole ke kūkulu ʻana i nā mea hou. Eia kekahi, ua ulana kēlā me kēia pūnana mai nā lālā a me nā kumu o ka mauʻu, nā lāʻau ikaika.
Kūkulu nā manu i nā pūnana i nā wahi i hiki ʻole i nā kānaka a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, no ka laʻana, i loko o kahi ana o ka pōhaku, akā pono e hānai pipi ma kahi kokoke. ʻO nā pūnana he 200 a 750 mm ke kiʻekiʻe a 100 a 3000 cm ke anawaena.
ʻO ka pinepine, hānau ka ʻōpū griffon i hoʻokahi cub.
I ka wā o ka moʻo ʻana, hoʻomaka ka kāne e ʻumeʻume i ka wahine i ka wā o ka lele, hana ʻo ia i nā hana maʻa mau. Ma ka honua, i mea e ʻumeʻume ai i ka wahine i ka moʻo ʻana, hōʻike ke kāne i kona kūlana kiʻekiʻe a me kona helehelena piha, e hohola ana i kona mau ʻeheu a hulu i kāna huelo, e hōʻike ana i ka nani o kāna plumage, ʻoiai e mele ana i kahi mele. Hana ʻia kēia hana holoʻokoʻa i ke kāne ma kahi mokuʻaʻa.
Hiki i nā nui o nā hua mai 8 - 10 cm x 6.5 - 7.8 cm. Kāleʻa ke kāne a me ka wahine iā lākou iho i ka wā o ka pae ʻana o nā hua e ʻimi ai i ka meaʻai. Hānai nā mākua i kā lākou pēpē me ka meaʻai, a lākou e regurgitate ai mai kā lākou waha. He aha ke ʻano o ka meaʻai i piha no ka pēpē ma muli o ka palupalu.
SIP liʻiliʻi, aʻo e lele mai 3 a i ʻole 4 mau mahina. Hoʻomaka ʻo ia i kahi ʻenehana lele wale nō mai hoʻokahi makahiki, pale kona mau mākua iā ia. Ke hoʻomaka ka lele o ka pēpē, hiki i ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa ke lele mai kahi wahi a kahi ʻē aʻe, akā i ka wā moena hiki iā ia ke hoʻi i kona wahi maoli.
ʻIkepili Hoihoi
ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo griffon manu lele i ka puke ʻula a ʻaʻole paha, pono e pale ʻia, ʻoiai aia ma ke kapakai o ka make. ʻO ke kumu o ko lākou luku ʻia ʻana ma luna o nā kānaka. Mai ka wā kahiko, aia kekahi mau manaʻoʻiʻo he alakaʻi ka manu i nā ikaika o ka hewa, ʻaihue i nā keiki liʻiliʻi mai ka home me kāna maiuu, a lawe i nā maʻi weliweli i ke ola kanaka.
Ma muli o ka lawa ʻole o ka ʻike pono, ua luku ʻia nā pūnana o kēia mau manu i nā kūlanakauhale ʻEulopa, nā manu ponoʻī, ua puhi ʻia nā manu a ʻona paha, a ua ʻimi pū ʻia nō hoʻi ka manu ma ke ʻano o ke kī ʻana i nā mākua. No laila, ua alakaʻi paha kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hoʻomaka nā manu e ʻimi i nā wahi mehameha no ko lākou wahi e noho ai, kahi hiki ʻole ke hoʻonohonoho i ka wāwae o ke kanaka.
Minamina, i kēlā manawa ʻaʻole ʻike ka poʻe he hiki ʻole i ka manu lele ke hoʻouka i ka poʻe, ʻai i nā holoholona maʻi, a he holoholona ʻino ʻole ʻo ia. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia kāna meaʻai i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā holoholona make, no laila e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe. ʻO ke ʻano kaʻawale o ke ola o kēia manu e kōkua iā ia e lilo i hermit.
Mai nā moʻoʻōlelo o ʻAigupita Kahiki ʻike ʻia ka pepehi ʻia ʻana o ka manu lele no ka nani o kona hulu. I kēlā manawa, ua manaʻo ʻia he nani o ka hulu manu manu lele i kou kapa lole.
I kēia manawa, hopu ka poʻe waiwai me ke kōkua o nā poachers i nā ʻohā griffon no nā trophies. I kekahi manawa e waiho ola lākou e hoʻomāhuahua i ko lākou mau maka i kahi zoo home a i ʻole lawe lawehala ʻole iā lākou i nā zoo ʻē aʻe i nā ʻāina like ʻole.
ʻO Collagen mai Sepania a me Palani e hakakā nei i kēia mau pilikia. I ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā hana āpau a nā ornithologists, ua hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonui i ka heluna o ka viff griffon ʻaʻole wale ma nā ʻāina o Palani, Pokukala, akā ua kōkua pū kekahi i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā manu i ka Pyrenees.
ʻO kekahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia ka pilina o ka manu ʻeleʻele a me ka ʻaeto griffon, a huikau kekahi i kekahi manawa. Noho ka manu ʻeleʻele i Sepania, ka mokupuni, a ma Helene hoʻi, a hui pū ʻia ma Caucasus a me Altai.
ʻIke nā mea kiaʻi manu i kahi mea hoihoi i ka manawa o ka ua a me ka noe, aia mau nā manu lele griffon i loko o ko lākou mau pūnana, no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke kū i nā kūlana anilā maʻamau i ʻae ʻole iā lākou e ʻike i kā lākou mea pio mai ka maka o ka manu, a paʻakikī i ke kaʻina o ka lele.
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi pū kekahi nā griffon vultures i kekahi manawa, ke piha lākou i nā kino make, ʻaʻole hiki ke hemo a pono lākou e hoʻoulu hou i kekahi o nā meaʻai a lākou i ʻai ai i mea e emi ai ke kaumaha no ka haʻalele.
ʻOiai kona nui, nāwaliwali nā wāwae o ka manu, akā ikaika loa nā ʻeheu. I ka manawa like, he mau māiʻuʻu kona, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana i ka wā e ʻai ana i nā meaʻai e haki ai ka ʻaoʻao o ka mea pio.
ʻO Griffon Vulture ma Belarus a ua helu ʻia i loko o ka Red Book ma nā ʻāina a pau o ʻEulopa, no laila e hoʻāʻo lākou e hānai iā ia i nā ʻano hana, a i ʻole hoʻopilikia paha i kā lākou hana kope maoli i nā mālama.
Inā hoʻoholo kekahi e hoʻouka i kahi ʻeha a manu manu maluhia wale nō paha, e hoʻomaka ka manu lele griffon e pale iā ia iho ma ka hoʻouka ʻana i kahi kanaka me ke kōkua o kona nuku a me nā māiʻuʻu. Huikau pinepine ka manu lele griffon me ka manu peʻa hau ma muli o ko lākou kala hulu.
