Maliʻa paha ʻike ka poʻe āpau i kahi iʻa e like me pollock, kahi mea makemake nui ʻia i nā ʻoihana hoʻoulu meaʻai like ʻole. ʻIke ka poʻe āpau i ka ʻono o ka pollock mai ka wā kamaliʻi, no ka mea, ma nā kindergartens, aneane hana ʻia nā ipu iʻa mai kēia lālā kaulana o ka ʻohana cod. ʻIke ka lehulehu i nā ʻano ʻono o ka pollock, akā ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke haʻi e pili ana i kāna ʻano, ka hana ola, ka wā spawning, nā wahi o ka paʻa mau. E hoʻāʻo e maopopo i nā nuances o ke ola o kēia iʻa, e wehewehe ana i kāna hiʻona nui a me nā hiʻohiʻona o waho.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Pollock
Hiki ke kapa wiwo ʻole ʻo Alaska pollock i kahi iʻa aloha anuanu e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka codfish, ka ʻohana cod a me ka genus o pollock. ʻIʻike ākea ʻo Pollock ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, no ka mea, he ʻono maikaʻi loa ia, ka papaʻai a me ka ʻiʻo olakino maikaʻi loa, nona nā iwi liʻiliʻi.
Mea hoihoi: hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Pollock e hana i nā lāʻau pāpaʻi i makemake nui ʻia, nā mea ʻai iʻa no ka pia, ka hamburger ʻo Filet-o-Fish kaulana ma McDonald's, etc.
Nui loa ka waiwai kālepa o pollock. ʻO Alaska pollock ke alakaʻi i nā puke hopu i waena o kāna mau cod cod. Manaʻo ʻia aia ma kahi o ka hapalua o ka hopu ʻana o ka pollock honua i kēlā me kēia makahiki mai ʻEnelani a me nā ʻāina ʻEulopa, ʻo ke koena o ka hopu i lawe ʻia e nā ʻoihana lawaiʻa i ko mākou ʻāina. He mau ʻano like ʻole kā Alaska pollock, ʻo ka mea nui a kaulana loa o ʻAtelanika a me ʻEulopa pollock.
Video: Pollock
I nā hale kūʻai, ua maʻa mākou i ka ʻike ʻana i ka pollock paʻahau, liʻiliʻi i ka nui a me ke poʻo ʻole. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki i kēia iʻa ke ulu a i hoʻokahi mika ka lōʻihi a kaupaona ʻia ma kahi o 3 kg, ʻoiai ka nui o ka pollock he 75 cm, a he kaupaona hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua kilokika. Ma ka panalāʻau o ko mākou ʻāina, manaʻo ʻia ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi kalepa he pollock, ʻo kona lōʻihi he 20 cm. Wahi a kekahi mau kumuwaiwai hiki i nā iʻa ke ulu a i ʻelima mau kilokika. Maliʻa paha aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi i ka nui o ka Honua o ka Honua, no ka mea hūnā ka hohonu o ka wai i nā mea huna a me nā mea pohihihi.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka pollock
Hoʻomaopopo mākou i nā ana o ka iʻa, e neʻe i mua i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i kona ʻano. Hoʻolālā ʻia ke kiʻi pollock holoʻokoʻa a pili loa i ka ʻāpana huelo. Liʻiliʻi a silvery nā unahi ma ke kino, ma ka ʻāina o ka pali ʻike ʻeleʻele loa ko lākou kala. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo Pollock e kahi ʻano ma ke ʻano o nā kiko ʻeleʻele eleele, i heleleʻi ʻia ma luna o ke kino a me ke poʻo a kū pololei ia i ka ʻaoʻao luna o ka iʻa, i ʻeleʻele ʻia ma mua o ke kukui, ʻōpū keʻokeʻo.
ʻO ke poʻo o ka iʻa e pili ana i kona kino ke nānā aku i ka nui, aia nā maka iʻa nui loa ma luna. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka pollock kahi ʻumiʻumi liʻiliʻi ma lalo o ka lehelehe lalo o ka iʻa, hana ia i kahi hana maʻalahi, no ka mea, hohonu kēia iʻa. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e hoʻopuka iki ka mea iʻa iʻa mai ka ʻaoʻao lalo.
ʻEkolu mau dorsal a me ʻelua mau anal anal ʻo Pollock, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā wahi liʻiliʻi. Ma ka pali o ka iʻa, aia he ʻekolu mau wili kaʻawale, ʻo ka mua kokoke loa i ka wahi o ke poʻo, ʻike ʻia ka lua e nā nui a me ka lōʻihi, ʻo ke kolu kokoke i ka wahi o ka huelo. Aia nā polins i nā poli ma ka ʻōpū, i mua o nā pectorals. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka laina iʻa iʻa e nā piʻo ʻoiʻoi.
Ma hea e noho ai ka pollock?
Kiʻi: Pollock ma Lūkia
He iʻa ākea ʻo Pollock. Ua lawe ʻo ia i kahi moemoeā i ka ʻAkelanika ʻAkau, e hui ana ma kona ʻaoʻao komohana a me ka hikina. I ke komohana, hele ka wahi iʻa mai ka Hudson Strait a hiki i Cape Hatteras, aia ma North Carolina. Ma ka hikina o ka ʻAkelanika ʻAkau, kau nā iʻa mai Svalbard a i ke kai kūʻono o Biscay.
Noho pū ʻo Pollock i loko o ka wai o ke Kai Barents kokoke i Iceland. Ma ka ʻĀkau ʻAkelanika ʻākau, hiki ke loaʻa ka pollock ma ke kahakai kahakai o ka mokuʻāina ʻo Norewai, kokoke i nā mokupuni ʻo Faroe, ua hōʻea ka ʻāina o kāna hoʻoili ʻia i ke kai kūʻono ʻo Biscay i ʻōlelo ʻia aʻe nei a me nā kahakai o ʻIlani a me ʻEnelani.
No ke kapakai ʻo ʻAsia, noho ʻo pollock ʻo Alaska i ke kai o Okhotsk, Bering a me Iapana.
Ma ke kapakai o ʻAmelika, ua lawe ʻia ka iʻa i kēia mau wahi:
- Ke Kai Berina;
- Monterey Bay;
- Kowa o ʻAlapika.
Pono e hoʻohui ʻia i loko o ka wai kai, hiki ʻole i ka pollock ke hālāwai me ka hema o ke kahawai ʻo Sangar, e hoʻohui ana i nā wai o ke kai o Iapana me ka Moana Pākīpika. I kekahi manawa wale nō he poʻe kaʻawale, ʻaʻole ia he mea ʻole i manaʻo ʻia kēia iʻa he aloha anuanu, no ka mea makemake ia i nā wai anuanu a me nā anuanu. Ma ke ʻano laulā, kapa ʻia ka pollock he iʻa pelagic lalo, ʻo ia hoʻi iʻa e noho ana i kahi wai ʻaʻole kokoke i ka papa o lalo.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi i loaʻa ai ka pollock. E ʻike kāua i kāna ʻai.
He aha ka pollock e ʻai ai?
Kiʻi: iʻa Pollock
ʻO Alaska pollock, ke alakaʻi nei i kahi ola maluhia, ʻaʻole e alualu i nā iʻa nui ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai ua manaʻo ʻia he predator.
ʻO kaʻai pollock ka nui o:
- crustaceans;
- invertebrates;
- plankton;
- amphipods;
- krill;
- nematodes;
- ʻōpae;
- annelids;
- pāpaʻi.
Makemake nā ʻōpio i ka plankton, e hoʻololi mālie i ka meaʻai nui aʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi ka heʻe a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi (honi ʻAsia, capelin). Aia i ka papa inoa iʻa ka caviar a me ka ʻai.
He mea hoihoi: Loaʻa ʻo Pollock i loko o kahi hanana leʻaleʻa e like me ka cannibalism, no laila, me ka ʻole o ka lunamanaʻo, hiki iā ia ke ʻai i nā ʻūlū ʻelua a me nā hua ʻai a kona mau hoa ʻohana.
Me ka mackerel, mackerel lio, tuna, cod, i manaʻo ʻia he poʻe noho lākou ma ka wahi pelagic, loaʻa ʻo pollock i ka meaʻai na ia iho ma nā pae trophic like ʻole, e hoʻoili ana, no ka hapa nui, i ka papa luna o ka wai kai. Ma muli o ka lōʻihi o ka iwi ā lalo a lōʻihi i mua, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka pollock e hopu i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi e lana ana i ka wai. ʻO nā maka nunui, poepoe, ʻano o ka iʻa hohonu, maikaʻi i ka nānā ʻana i kahi mea pio a hiki i ka hohonu o ka hohonu, a kiʻi kahi antennae tactile liʻiliʻi i ka neʻe iki i kahi kokoke, e maʻalahi ai ke ʻike i ka nahu.
ʻIke hoihoi: ʻO ka hoʻololi i ka hānai ʻana i ka mea pio nui i pollock e lawe ʻia kokoke kokoke i ʻewalu a i ʻole he ʻumi mau makahiki o ko lākou mau makahiki.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Pollock i ka wai
He mahalo ʻole ʻo Pollock, maʻalahi maʻalahi i ke ola ma nā hohonu like ʻole, no laila manaʻo nui ʻelua ma ka hohonu o 700 mika a ʻoi paha, a ma ka papa o ka wai. ʻO ka pae ʻae ʻia o kāna wahi i manaʻo ʻia he hohonu ma kahi o ʻelua haneli mau mika, ma aneʻi e ʻike pinepine ʻia ai. Hiki iā Pollock ke kāhea wiwo ʻole ʻaʻole wale i kahi kai hohonu, akā he aloha anuanu hoʻi, manaʻo ʻia ka mahana o ka wai e ʻoluʻolu nona, mai ka 2 a ka 9 kekelē me kahi hōʻailona hoʻohui.
He iʻa hui ʻo Pollock e ola ana a neʻe i nā kula. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kahi lawaiʻa nui o nā iʻa i ka wā o ka spawning, a laila hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi o ka pollock i mea nui a nui aku. I ka pō ʻana, hoʻāʻo nā kula iʻa e noho kokoke i ka papa o ka wai, a i ʻole kū i loko o kāna mau papa waena. I ke ao, ʻau ka iʻa i ka hohonu o 200 mika a hohonu.
Hoʻoneʻe pinepine ʻo Pollock shoals i ka lā i hoʻokahi lā, e kiʻi ana i ka meaʻai i nā wai o nā hohonu like ʻole. I ka wā e lawaiʻa ʻana, loaʻa nā pollock i nā helu he nui i ke kahakai kahakai, akā ʻaʻole ia e hoʻokokoke ma mua o kanalima mika i ke kahakai.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: ulu wikiwiki ʻo Alaska pollock, e hoʻonui wikiwiki ana kona lōʻihi a me ke kaumaha. Ma kahi kokoke i ka makahiki o ʻelua mau makahiki, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka iʻa ma kahi o 20 cm, ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki ʻelua e ulu ana ia ma 10 cm, a lilo i kanakolu kenimika.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Mintai
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, he iʻa kula ʻo Alaska pollock; i ka wā o ka wā spawning, hoʻonui nui ʻia kāna mau kula, ua lawa ka nui o kā lākou helu, no laila ke ʻano o nā iʻa i nā puʻupuʻu paʻa kokoke i kahakai. Ua oʻo iʻa iʻa i ka makahiki ʻekolu a ʻehā paha. I kēia makahiki, hiki i kona nui nui, hiki ke hoʻololi i kona kaumaha mai 2.5 a 5 kilokilo.
Hoʻomaka ka wā moena no ka iʻa i hoʻouna ʻia i nā panalāʻau ʻokoʻa i nā manawa like ʻole. ʻO Pollock, kahi e noho ana i ke kai ʻo Bering, e hū mai ana i ke kauwela a me ke kauwela. Puka mai ka pollock Pakipika i ka hoʻoilo a me ka puna, makemake i ka hoʻomaka o ka puna. Makemake ʻo Kamchatka pollock i ka ulu ʻana i ka pūnāwai, ke ʻoluʻolu loa nā kūlana no kēia. ʻAʻole e hoʻopilikia ʻia ke ola kai aloha anuanu e kahi mahana wai maikaʻi ʻole, no laila hiki iā lākou ke huahua, ʻoiai ke hāʻule ia i ʻelua kekelē me kahi hōʻailona minus.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: hoʻolaha ʻo Alaska pollock ma kahi o 15 mau manawa i kona ola iʻa. A ʻo ka awelika o ke ola o kēia iʻa cod he 15 mau makahiki.
ʻOiai i ke anilā, hoʻopuka hou nā wahine i nā hua he mau kaukani, a, e like me ka poʻe holoholo, hoʻomau i ka ʻauana i ka mānoanoa o ka wai. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole lākou e hele ma lalo o kanalima mau mika. Mālama ʻia ka hūnā āpau i ka wai paʻakai, ʻo ka pae hau paʻa ma lalo o ka wai maoli. A hoʻohana ʻia ka pollock i ka wai anuanu e like kona koko e kahe ana i nā iʻa iʻa e like me ka antifreeze kaʻa.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o pollock
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka pollock
ʻOiai ʻo ka pollock he iʻa kai hohonu, ʻaʻohe nui o nā poʻe makemake maʻi mai loko mai o lākou kahi mea hoʻoweliweli maoli i kū i nā kūlana kūlohelohe. ʻAʻole i loaʻa nā hihia i hōʻeuʻeu ʻia e hoʻokahi a i ʻole iʻa nui ma pollock. Hiki i kekahi ke kuhi i nā heʻe nunui a me kekahi ʻano iʻa iʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi e noho ana i nā hohonu, hiki ke lilo i mau ʻenemi.
Ua lilo ʻo Alaska pollock i mea maʻalahi loa i ka wā e hānau keiki ana, aia ia i loko o nā pūʻulu nui kokoke i ka ʻilikai ma kahi kokoke i kahakai. ʻOiai, ʻo ka ʻenemi nui o kēia iʻa o ka ʻohana cod he kanaka i hopu i ka pollock ma kahi pālākiō nui. Hiki iā Pollock ke kapa ʻia he alakaʻi i ka hana o waena o nā iʻa kalepa ʻē aʻe.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: I ka makahiki 80 o ke kenekulia i hala, ʻo ka nui o ka honua i hopu ʻia he 7 miliona mau tona.
I kēia manawa ua hoʻomaka ka emi ʻana o kēia mau helu, hiki i 3 miliona, ko mākou ʻāina wale nō no 1.6 miliona mau tona. ʻAʻole ʻono wale ka ʻiʻa iʻa, akā waiwai pū kekahi, momona me nā mineral a me nā huaora like ʻole. ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona o ka pollock kona haʻahaʻa calorie haʻahaʻa, no laila hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia i ka meaʻai meaʻai.
Ma ka mākeke, manaʻo ʻia ke kumukūʻai o kēia iʻa he haʻahaʻa, no laila makemake nui ʻia ʻo pollock i waena o nā mea kūʻai mai. Loaʻa nā iʻa i ka nui me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻupena paʻa a me nā ʻupena, kahi e hoʻopili ai i ka helu o nā waihona pollock a me nā hopohopo o nā hui kaiapuni.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Pollock
Nui ka waiwai kalepa o pollock, a lawe ʻia kāna iʻa i ka pae nui, kahi e hoʻopili ai i ka nui o ka iʻa, akā ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi e like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia a hiki i kēia manawa. Aia kekahi ʻike i ka makahiki 2000, ua emi ka heluna nui o ka pollock ma ke kai o Okhotsk. I ka mua, ua manaʻo ʻia no ka lawaiʻa loa kēia, akā he kuhi hewa kēia. Ua ʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema ua hoʻohuli ʻia ka helu e ka hanauna hana, kahi haʻahaʻa i nā makahiki 90, a ʻo ia ka mea i hōʻemi i ka helu. Ma hope ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka mana o ka iʻa iʻa e ka loli.
I ka makahiki 2009, ua hōʻike ka hui mālama Greenpeace i ka hopohopo nui e pili ana i ke kūlana o ka pollock heluna kanaka a koi aku i nā kamaʻāina ʻaʻole e kūʻai mai a ʻai paha i kēia iʻa i mea e lawa ai ka heluna kanaka. Hōʻoia ʻepekema ʻo kēia wale nō 20 pākēneka o ka nui o nā iʻa i hopu ʻia, ʻaʻole pili kēia i ka hana hou ʻana. ʻO nā hanauna o nā iʻa i hānau ʻia i ka makahiki 2010, ua hana nui a hoʻonui i ka pae iʻa.
I kēia lā, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia he mau pālākiō nā waihona o ka pollock; i kēia manawa ua emi nui ka ʻoihana lawaiʻa ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ke kenekulia i hala. ʻAʻohe o Alaska pollock i loko o nā papa inoa ʻulaʻula a ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli ʻia me ka make, kahi mea e paipai nui ai. Hiki iā mākou ke manaʻolana e hoʻomau kēia kūlana o ka hihia i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
Kuke maikaʻi ʻia pollock no mākou ua lilo lōʻihi i kīʻaha maʻamau, i maʻa mau mai ka wā kamaliʻi. Malia paha ua hoʻohuli ʻia kēia e kāna kumu kūʻai ʻoluʻolu a kumukūʻai hoʻi. Hiki iā Pollock ke kapa ʻia he haku i waena o nā iʻa kalepa āpau, no ka mea noho ia i ke kūlana alakaʻi i ka nui o ka mea i loaʻa. ʻAʻole hōʻike ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa i kahi ʻono kūpono ʻole, a ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē, e mau ana ka maikaʻi.
Lā paʻi: 12/22/2019
Lā hou: 09/10/2019 ma 21:35
