Sila Baikal ʻo ia kekahi o nā makaʻāinana kū hoʻokahi o ka loko, ʻo kēia mammal endemoma wale nō e noho nei i kāna wai. Ma ke ʻano he ichthyophage, noho ʻo Phoca sibirica i kahi kūlana kūikawā i ka pyramid o ke kaiaola. ʻO ka sila Baikal i ka ʻohana o nā sila maʻamau (Phoca) a he mea ʻaihue.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: sila Baikal
Aia nā manaʻo like ʻole e pili ana i nā kūpuna o ka Baikal pinniped a me nā ʻano kokoke loa: Caspian, sila sila a me ka sila maʻamau. ʻO ka mahele o nā laha ma kahi o 2.2 miliona mau makahiki i hala. I ke kau anuanu, Pleistocene era, p. Ua kahe ʻo Lena mai Baikal, i kēlā manawa aia ka nui o nā loko wai piha.
ʻO nā kūpuna o ka Baikal noho hou, e neʻe nei mai nā aniani e neʻe mua ana, neʻe mai ka Moana Arctic ma o ka ʻōnaehana o nā kino wai hou. ʻO nā kūpuna o kēia ʻano, e like me ka ʻōlelo a ka ʻepekema, ua ulu wikiwiki a loaʻa i nā ʻokoʻa ʻano. No ka manawa mua, ʻo ka haʻi ʻana o ka Baikal pinniped i waena o nā mea ʻimi i ka hoʻomaka o ke kenekulia 17, a ʻo ka wehewehe ʻepekema i hana ʻia e nā mea noiʻi ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a G. Gmelin. He lālā lākou o ka huakaʻi i Kamchatka a alakaʻi ʻia e Bering.
Noho nā poʻe Baikal ma kahi o 50 mau makahiki. Piʻi ko lākou kaumaha a hiki i ka iwakāluakūmālima mau makahiki o ko lākou makahiki a hiki i 70 kg i nā wahine, a 80 kg i nā kāne. Noho ia ma kēia pae a 35 mau makahiki, a laila ke emi nei ka kaumaha a me ka nui o nā holoholona i 60-70 kg. ʻO ke kaupaona o nā māmala ma mua o 10 mau makahiki i ka loli i ke kau. Loaʻa nā wahine mai ka wā puna a hiki i ke kauwela 12 kg o ka momona, a me nā kāne - 17 kg, i ka makahiki 25, hiki ke 20-30 kg ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka paona kumu. Aia ma kahi o 100 kg kekahi mau kānaka. ʻO ka ulu ʻana o nā pinnipeds makua he 133-143 cm i ka hoʻomaka o ke kauwela, a me 140-149 cm e Nowemapa (wahine-kāne).
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: sila Baikal i ka hoʻoilo
ʻO ke kino o ka māmala Baikal e like me ka spindle, ʻoiai ke poʻo e hele mālie i loko o ke kino, a laila e hoʻopili i ka huelo. ʻO kaʻaʻahu lauoho lauoho o nā holoholona hoʻokahi-kala (ka lōʻihi o ke kapa - 2 cm). Ma ka hope, ke oho hina-kālā me kahi aniani brownish, ʻoi aku ka māmā o nā ʻaoʻao a me ka ʻōpū. Keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo nā pēpē pēpē me kahi aniani melemele. Ma hope o ka molt mua, hoʻokahi mahina ma hope, he huluhulu kālā nā pēpē a hiki i hoʻokahi makahiki (kumutkans).
I nā puaʻa makua, ʻaneʻane lauoho ʻole ka waha. ʻO ka lehelehe luna o nā sila Baikal me nā lālani ʻewalu o ka translucent vibrissae; i nā wahine ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o lākou. Ma luna o nā maka, aia ʻeono mau vibrissae a puni ke anapuni a hoʻokahi ma waenakonu. Hoʻopili ʻia kahi paʻa ākea o nā ihu i nā kiʻei ʻili. Ke noho ka mammal i loko o ka wai, ʻaʻole pili paʻa, ʻaʻole hoʻi e hāmama ka pepeiao. I ka wā o ka hanu ʻana, hāmama iki nā puka ihu. Loaʻa i ka sila Baikal kahi ala o ka pilau a me ka lohe.
Video: sila Baikal
ʻIke kūpono lākou me kā lākou haumāna kū, i hiki ke hoʻonui. He kolu o ka maka ko nā maka. ʻEleʻele ka iris i ke kala. ʻAʻole hiki i nā maka pōʻai nui o ka Baikal pinniped ke kū lōʻihi i ka lewa a hoʻomaka i ka wai nui. ʻO 1.5 cm ka momona o ka momona i ka puna a hiki i 14 cm e Nowemapa.
E hoʻokō lākou i ka hana:
- hoʻoweliweli wela;
- he lumi mālama ikehu;
- hoʻopau i ka hopena o nā loli i ka luʻu ʻana a i ka piʻi ʻana;
- hoʻonui i ka buoyancy.
Hoʻokomo pūnaewele ʻia nā mākala mamala a uhi ʻia me ka lauoho. He māiʻuʻu ko lākou iʻoi aku ka ikaika i mua. Ma lalo o ka wai, neʻe ka neʻe ma muli o ka hana o nā peʻa hope, a ma ka hau - nā mea mua. Ma ka ʻāina, palaka ka holoholona, akā holo ʻo ia, neʻe ʻo ia i nā lele a me nā palena, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka huelo a me nā palule.
Ma lalo o ka wai, neʻe ka pinniped i ka wikiwiki o 8 km / h, ke hoʻoweliweli ʻia, holo wikiwiki lākou i 25 km / h. Hānai nā sila i kahi e komo ai ke kukui, ma kahi hohonu o 30 mau mika a noho ma lalo o ka wai no hoʻokahi hola. Ma ka luʻu ʻana i 200-300 m, hiki iā lākou ke kū i ke kaomi a hiki i ka 21 atm. Ke waiho ka holoholona ma lalo o ka wai, ʻo ka hoʻopiha ʻana i nā ake māmā ma kahi o 2 tausani mau mika cubic. ʻike. Inā lōʻihi ia i ka hohonu, a laila hele mai ka lako oxygen mai ka hemoglobin o ke koko.
Nā hiʻohiʻona nui o ka laha:
- maka nunui;
- nā niho pinepine me nā pālua pālua;
- nā māiʻuʻu ikaika ma nā peʻa o mua.
Ma hea e noho ai ka sila Baikal?
Kiʻi: sila sila Baikal
Loaʻa ka holoholona ma kahi o ka wahi wai holoʻokoʻa o Lake Baikal, koe wale no ka wēlau hema. I nā mahina kauwela - ma ka waena waena a ma ka hikina hikina o ka ʻākau. ʻO kēia nā rookeries ma Cape North Kedrovy, Cape Pongonye a me Khoboy, ma nā mokupuni ʻo Ushkany, ma kahi o ka muliwai. Hau ʻO ka hapanui o nā mākua e neʻe i ka ʻākau o Lake Baikal i ka hoʻoilo, a i ka hema, ʻōpio, ʻōpio ʻole.
Hoʻolilo kēia sila i ka hapa nui o kona ola i ka wai, ʻo ia hoʻi, he nektobiont (nektos ʻo ia hoʻi he ʻauʻau). Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kēia ʻano i nā pagophiles, ma muli o ka manawa nui i hoʻolilo ʻia i ka hau, ʻokoʻa i kona ʻohana pili: nā ʻīlio hina a me nā pepeiao pepeiao. I ka hoʻoilo, i ka wai, hoʻohana ka holoholona i nā puka ea e hanu ai ia, e piʻi ana i luna. Hana ʻia ka ea i ka hoʻomaka o ka paʻa hau (Kekemapa-Ianuali) me nā māiʻuʻu ikaika o nā palaka i mua. I Mei-Iune, ke hoʻoheheʻe ka hau ma Lake Baikal, neʻe ka holoholona i ke kūkulu ʻākau, kahi e momona ai i nā wahi o nā rookeries.
I ke kauwela, neʻe lākou i ka wai papau, kahi i hau ai ka loko ma mua. ʻO kēia nā wahi o Chivyrkuisky Bay a me Proval, e Kekemapa e kau ai ka holoholona ma loko o ka wahi wai holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā wahine e pili kokoke ana i ke kapakai hikina, kahi e hoʻomaka ai ka paʻa hau i mua, i mea e loaʻa ai kahi wahi kūpono no ka lua e hiki mai ana. ʻO nā kāne, e hoʻomau nei i ka momona, neʻe i loko o ka wai ākea i ka ʻaoʻao komohana o Lake Baikal.
I ke kauwela, pili ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā sila ma ka loko me ka ʻai nui ʻana. Nā holoholona ma hope o ke kau o ka hoʻoilo, ka hoʻoulu ʻana, ka hoʻoemi nui ʻana i ka paona. Piʻi nā sila o nā makahiki like ʻole a me nā wahine i nā pali kahakai pali mai ka waena o ke kauwela a ʻOkakopa. I ka hopena o Kepakemapa, piʻi ka pinepine a me ka nui o nā moena moe, pili kēia i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana. I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoheheʻe nā holoholona i ka hau, inā haʻalele ia i mua o ka manawa, a laila hele i uka nā holoholona, e hana ana i nā rookeries o kekahi mau haneli mau kānaka.
He aha ka mea e ʻai ai ka sila Baikal?
Kiʻi: sila Baikal i ka wai
ʻO ka papaʻai nui a ka mea e noho ana i kahi wai wai hohonu hohonu i ka honua ka iʻa, ʻai ʻo ia ma kahi o hoʻokahi tone i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻAʻole kālepa ka iʻa: golomyanka nui a liʻiliʻi, gobies, 15 mau ʻano broadloobies. ʻAi lākou: dace, grey, minnow, perch a me nā ʻano iʻa waiwai nui aʻe: omul, whitefish, hina. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole lākou ka ʻāpana nui o ka papa kuhikuhi. Huli ka mammal i kēia iʻa inā ʻaʻole lawa ka meaʻai maʻamau, e nānā ana i ka poʻe maʻi a nāwaliwali. He mea paʻakikī ke hoʻopaʻa i nā sila pono olakino, no ka mea, wikiwiki a nimble hoʻi. Me nā iʻa, loaʻa nā sila i nā amphipods ma ka papa kuhikuhi. Ma ka awelika, ʻai ka holoholona i ka 3-5 kg o ka iʻa i kēlā me kēia lā, 70% o lākou he golomyanka.
ʻIke hoihoi: ʻIke ʻia nā sila i hāpai ʻia i ka lawe pio ʻana i nānā ʻole i ka hina hina a me ka omul, i hoʻouka ʻia i loko o ka loko wai, e ʻai ana i kā lākou punahele punahele a me golomyanka.
ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā holoholona ma luna o ka ʻāina e pili pū ana me nā ʻano makahiki e pili ana i ka meaʻai. ʻO ka poʻe ʻōpio a ʻekolu paha mau makahiki e noho kokoke i ke kahakai. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke luʻu no ka manawa lōʻihi, huli i ko lākou hanu. ʻO kā lākou papaʻai nā gobies o ka wai kahakai. ʻO nā mākua, e luʻu ana i ka hohonu, hoʻopau i nā crustacea pelargic a me nā iʻa i nā wahi mamao aku. I ka wai pāpaʻu i ke kauwela ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i kahi sila, ʻoiai i kēia manawa o ka makahiki ʻaʻohe meaʻai punahele i loko o ka wai mehana - golomyanka. A me ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka hau a me nā hummocks, pili kokoke ke sila i ke kahakai. Hānai ka holoholona i ka wā ahiahi. I ka wā hoʻoheheʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻai o ka meaʻai, ʻoiai ke lilo nei nā holoholona i ka hapa nui o ko lākou manawa ma ka hau a i ʻole ke kai.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: sila Baikal
Hiamoe kēia mau māmala Baikal i ka wai a palekana loa, no ka mea ʻaʻohe o lākou ʻenemi ma laila. Lōʻihi ka manawa hiamoe a hiki i ka pau ʻana o ka oxygen. Aia kekahi mau hihia ke ʻau aku ka poʻe scuba i kahi sila hiamoe a hoʻopā iā ia, akā ʻoiai ke huli aʻe, ʻaʻole i hoʻopau ka pinniped i ka hiamoe.
Noho ʻo Cubs ma kahi o 1.5 mau mahina i ka lua. I kēia manawa, mai ka lā puna a mai ka mehana o nā holoholona ponoʻī, hāʻule ka hale o ka hale. I kēia wā, loaʻa ka manawa o nā pēpē e humuhumu.
Pale ka pūnana i nā ʻīlio sila mai nā mea ʻino a me ka hypothermia. Kūkulu ʻia ia mai ka hau a pani paʻa ʻia mai ka honua waho. I kēia manawa, pā ka makani ikaika i waho, piʻi ka mahana o ka ea i -20 °, a ma loko o ka lua kokoke i ka ʻole, piʻi aʻe kekahi manawa i + 5 °.
Aia i loko o ka lua kahi lua hau, kahi e hele ai ka makuahine ma lalo o ka wai e hānai ai a i ʻole ka pilikia, hoʻolei ka pēpē ma laila. ʻO kekahi spur he 3-4 mau mau ka lōʻihi mai ka lua. Hiki i kahi makuahine, ke hōʻalo nei i ka alualu, hiki ke mālama i kahi ʻīlio ʻīlio i kona mau niho a i ʻole i kāna mau finina mua i ka wai. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻaʻala no ke aʻo ʻana i ka hopu holoholona. No ka hoʻololi o nā keiki i ka hana meaʻai kūʻokoʻa, lawe ka makuahine i ka iʻa i ka lua.
Loaʻa nā phototaxis maikaʻi ʻole i nā sila, pale i ka neʻe ʻana i ke kukui, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻoikaika e ʻeli i ka lua a puka i waho. Ma hope o ka hiolo ʻana o ka hale, hele nā keiki i loko o ka wai ma o kahi puka i loko o ka lua. Ma ka makahiki o hoʻokahi paha, ninini nā squirrels, e hoʻololi nei i ko lākou kapa keʻokeʻo i ka hina hina.
Ke paʻa loa ka loko i ke kai, hoʻohana nā holoholona i nā lua - nā ea no ka hanu ʻana. Aia paha he mau kakini o lākou ma kahi mamao o nā haneli mau mika a puni ka pūnana. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o nā puka o ka ea ma mua o 1.5 dm ma luna, a hoʻonui i ka hohonu. Hana wale ʻia lākou i hiki i ka holoholona ke lawe i kekahi mau hanu o ka ea. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, ʻo ke sila e hoʻokokoke iā lākou i ka lapalapa o hummocks i loko o kahi uhi hau mālie ma lalo o ka lalo. ʻO kēia ka inoa o kahi hau hau e like me ka cone.
Hele ka hana ma ka vent i nā hanana he nui. Mai lalo mai, haki ka wepa i ka hau me kona mau māiʻuʻu. I kēia manawa, hōʻiliʻili nā huʻa o ke kinoea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka hemisphere. Holo ka carbon dioxide i loko ona ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa o ka mahana. Hoʻolahalaha ka oxygen mai ka wai, kahi e hiki ai i ka pinniped ke hoʻohana e hanu ai. ʻO nā hōʻiliʻili o ka ea e pale i ka hau mai ka hau, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka wāwahi ʻana. Hiki i ka sila ke hana i kekahi mau lua o kēlā me kēia kau, ʻoiai i ka hau a hiki i hoʻokahi mika ka mānoanoa. No ka luʻu ʻana, he anawaena nui aʻe nā lua o ka vlog. ʻO ka hiki a me ka makemake e hana i kēlā mau lua i ka hau he ʻano kūlohelohe ia.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: Ua lawe ʻia kahi hoʻokolohua ma nā sila liʻiliʻi ma lalo o ʻelua mau makahiki o ka makahiki. ʻO kahi ʻāpana hua, 5 cm ka mānoanoa, i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ka wai ʻauʻau me nā holoholona. Ua manuahi ke koena o ka wai. Hoʻomaka nā keiki e hana i nā ea i ka huʻa, a laila ʻau aku iā lākou, kuʻi i ko lākou ihu a hanu. Ua hopu ʻia kēia mau sila i ka nahelehele ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana e ʻauʻau.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Baikal sila cub
ʻO ke kino o ka moekolohe ma nā pinnipeds wahine o Lake Baikal i kū i ka makahiki ʻehā, akā ʻaʻole hānau kekahi mau keiki i nā keiki a hiki i ʻehiku mau makahiki, ua oʻo nā kāne i nā makahiki ʻeono. I nā lā he 10 i hala o Malaki a me ka hapa mua o ʻApelila, lohe ʻia ka hum o nā pinnipeds mai lalo o ka uhi hau. Ke kono nei i kēia mau leo me nā mea a lākou e hoʻowalewale ai kekahi i kekahi. ʻO kēia ka hoʻomaka o ka rut o ka sila. Hana ʻia ke kope i lalo o ka wai.
He 11 mau mahina ka lōʻihi o ke kau ʻana. I ka mua o Pepeluali, hoʻomaka nā wahine e kūkulu i kahi ana, aia he mau haneli mau mika mai kekahi a me kahi mamao loa mai kahakai. I ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo a me ka mahina mua o ka puna, hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā pinnipeds mai ka ukana. Hānau lākou i hoʻokahi keiki, i 2% o nā hihia - māhoe. ʻO ke kaupaona o ke keiki hānau hou ma kahi o 4 kg.
ʻAi ka pēpē i ka waiū. ʻO ka manawa lactation ma Baikal pinnipeds ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka hanauna pili a pili i ka luku ʻia o ka uhi hau o ka loko. ʻO 2 - 3.5 mau mahina kēia. I nā ʻāpana hema he nui aʻe hiki ke pōkole ma mua o ka ʻākau ma o 20 mau lā. ʻOiai ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hau e haki, hoʻomau ka hānai ʻana o nā makuahine i kā lākou keiki me ka waiū. I ka makahiki 2 - 2.5 mau mahina, ua kau kaupaona o nā sila ma kahi o 20 kg. Pili kēia waiwai kaupaona nui me kahi wā lōʻihi o ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū.
I loko o kona ola, hānau ka wahine ma mua o 20 mau manawa, a ma kahi o kanahā mau makahiki o kona makahiki. ʻO ka ʻike ʻole o ka hapai ʻana i kekahi mau makahiki e pili ana i ke olakino a me nā ʻano meaʻai o ka wahine.
Iwakālua mau makahiki o ka ʻike i ka nānā ʻana i nā holoholona i hōʻike i ka hilinaʻi pololei o ka hana hou ʻana i nā kūlana hydroclimatic ma Lake Baikal i ka pūnāwai a me ka hopena o ka molt. He polygamous nā kāne, ma hope o ka wā rutting noho lākou ma kahi o kā lākou mau puka. ʻAʻole lākou i komo i ka hānai ʻana i nā pēpē. ʻOi aku, kūlike ka wā rutting o nā sila me ka hānai ʻana o nā pēpē. Hiki i nā kāne ke hōʻeha i nā ʻeha ma luna o lākou, e kipaku nei i nā pēpē i pili paʻa i ko lākou mau makuahine.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka sila Baikal
Kiʻi: sila Baikal ma ka hau
No nā sila, weliweli nā ʻakaʻaka a me nā aeto keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. I ka wā o ka luku mua ʻia o ka hale o ka lua, hiki i kēia mau manu ʻino ke hoʻouka i nā pēpē. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kēlā mau wahi hale e mamao aku ana mai kahakai e kāpae i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o nā mea ʻai honua: nā ʻīlio hae, nā ʻalopeke. Kākaʻikahi ka make ʻana o nā sila a me nā makahiki mua. ʻAʻole hele aku ka māmela makua i ka hau, aia wale nō i ka wā o ka molt. Akā i kēia manawa, inā pilikia, luʻu koke lākou i loko o ka wai. Ma nā rookeries, hiki i nā bea ke ʻauana, e ʻimi nei i nā sila.
Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka pinniped o Lake Baikal e nā parasites o loko, e hiki ai i ka maʻi, nāwaliwali, a i kekahi manawa ka make ʻana o ka holoholona. I ka hala ʻana o nā makahiki kanawalukumamāwalu, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kahi make nui (1.5 tausani) ma muli o ke ahulau o carnivores. Mālama ʻia nā mea lawe o ka maʻi i nā holoholona, akā ʻaʻole i hiki mai ka make a me nā maʻi ahulau mai ia manawa.
ʻO kekahi o nā ʻenemi o ka māmela kolohe ʻole ke kanaka. ʻO nā mea i loaʻa i ka archaeological e hōʻoia i nā ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka hopu ʻana i ka sila Baikal. Ke hele nei ʻo Tungus a me Buryats i nā sila no ka manawa lōʻihi, a laila ua hui pū kekahi poʻe Lūkini me lākou. ʻElua a ʻekolu mau kenekulia i hala aku nei, ua ʻimi ʻia he 1.6-2 tausani mau kānaka i kēlā me kēia makahiki, i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 19, a hiki i ka 4 tausani i hoʻohana ʻia no kaʻiʻo (hiki aku ko lākou kaumaha i 35 kg e 2 mahina) ʻono iʻa, clogged ma muli o ka momona momona a me nā ʻili.
I ke kenekulia i hala, ma kahi o 10 kaukani holoholona i ʻimi ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki. I ka hoʻomaka o kēia millennium, me kahi quota ʻae ʻia i ʻae ʻia a hiki i 3.5 mano mau poʻo, a hiki i 15,000 mau poʻo i kēlā me kēia makahiki i luku ʻia. ʻO kahi pilikia nui, ʻo ia hoʻi no nā keiki, he kaʻa a me ka halihali kaʻa. Hoʻoweliweli ʻo ia iā lākou me kāna walaʻau. Hiki i nā sila ke nalowale ma waena o nā hummocks a make.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: sila Baikal i ka hoʻoilo
ʻO ka Limnological Siberian Institute o ka Academy of Science o ka Russian Federation e hoʻohana nei i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa no ka helu ʻana i ka heluna kanaka, no ka laʻana, e ka nānā ʻana i nā panalāʻau o Lake Baikal mai ka lawe ʻana i ka ea a i ʻole nā kiʻi paʻi lele. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2000, ma kahi o 60 tausani pinnipeds i noho ma Lake Baikal. Wahi a nā kuhi, ʻo ka helu o nā sila i kēia manawa 115 tausani. Ua hiki ke ulu i ka nui o nā holoholona ma hope o nā kapu i ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana a ma muli o ke kaua me nā poachers. Akā aia nō kahi ʻimi kū kānāwai ʻole i nā sila i hala i ka molt mua.
ʻAʻole helu ʻia ka sila Baikal i ka ʻāpana nui o ka Red Data Book, akā e like me kona kūlana, pono ka nānā i kā lākou helu a me ka noho ʻana i ke kūlohelohe. Mai ka 2007, ua kapu ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana iā lākou. ʻO ka mea koe wale nō ka lāhui kūloko o nā ʻelele liʻiliʻi o ka North North. I ka 2018, ua hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka pāpā ʻana i nā sila.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: E nānā i ke ola o ka sila Baikal, hiki iā ʻoe ke kipa i nā sila ma Irkutsk, Listvyanka a me ke kauhale. MRS kokoke i ke Kai liʻiliʻi. ʻO ke kūlana paʻa o ka lehulehu o ka sila e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona he nui o ke ʻano o kona ola, nā mea e ola i kahi ani anuanu a me ke kai hohonu.
Aia kēia mau mea i:
- hoʻonohonoho o nā lair;
- ke kūkuluʻana i nā puka makani;
- lactation hoʻolōʻihi;
- ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o nā sila;
- hiki ke luʻu maikaʻi a me ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ka hanu.
He palakiko loa kēia pinniped a hiki ke hoʻololi i nā loli i loko o ke aupuni freeze-up, kaohi i ka ration o ka meaʻai, a me ka ʻae maʻalahi i nā maʻi maʻi.
Sila Baikal - he loulou nui i ka kaulahao biotic o ka Baikal fauna. Hoʻoponopono ia i ka ikaika o ka hana hou ʻana o nā ʻano iʻa like ʻole. Hoʻopili ka papaʻai pinniped i kahi nui o nā iʻa pelagic, ʻaʻole ia he kālepa, akā hoʻokūkū i ka lako o ka meaʻai no nā mea waiwai nui: omul, whitefish, hina, lenok. Ke mālama nei i ka wai o Lake Baikal maʻemaʻe e pili ana i ka crustacean mustachioed, ka epishura, e hele i loko o ka wai iā ia iho. ʻAi ʻia e golomyanka a me nā gobies - ka meaʻai nui o ka sila Baikal. No laila, ʻo ka helu o Epishura, a no laila ke maʻemaʻe o ka wai loko, mālama ʻia i ke kaulike kūlohelohe.
Lā paʻi: 03.02.2019
Lā hou: 16.09.2019 ma 17:14
