Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO Sparrowhawk kahi ʻano hulu manu kolohe, no ka ʻano o ka hawk. Hāʻawi ʻia i nā hōʻailona kūwaho kūwaho e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia mai kāna ʻano ponoʻī:
- ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi
- ākea a pōkole nā ʻeheu
- ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka huelo.
ʻO ka nui o nā kāne e like me ka nui o ka nūnū, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine ma mua o ka moa. Hoʻolahalaha kēia ʻano a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i waena o nā lālā o kēia ʻohana. ʻO Sparrowhawk i loko o ke kiʻi like loa me ka goshawk, eia nō naʻe, lilo nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona a pau i kahi ola hiki ke ʻike ʻia. I mea e huikau ʻole ai ka lua, e nānā wale i ka huelo. I kā mākou pākahi, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi, ke kīkiʻi ʻana i ke kumu, ʻoiai ma ka hopena ua ʻoki loa ʻia.
| Ana manu | ||
| Ka nui | Kāne kāne | Wahine |
| Lōʻihi | 28-34 cm | 35-41 cm |
| Kaumaha | 100-220 g | 180-340 g |
| Hohola ʻeheu | 55-65 cm | 67-80 cm |
Hāʻawi ʻia ke kōkō liʻiliʻi me ke kumukānāwai māmā, ʻike ʻia e nā manamana lima elongated, tarsus lahilahi. Melemele ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā ʻāpā a me ka piula. Hoʻolālā maikaʻi nā mākala o ka wāwae. Poepoe ke poʻo i ke ʻano, ʻoiai ke nānā aku o ka manu ke ʻoi aku ka mālie ma mua o ka goshawk, ka nuku ʻeleʻele i waena o ka nui. ʻOkoʻa ka waihoʻoluʻu maka, a kaukaʻi ʻia i ka makahiki o kēlā me kēia.
- ʻŌpio - melemele
- Makua - ʻalani
- ʻO kaʻalani he ʻalani-ʻulaʻula.
ʻO Sparrowhawk ʻokoʻa i ka dimorphism moekolohe i ʻōlelo ʻia.
- ʻO ke kala kāne: luna - kāhiko hina, kokoke i ka slate, lalo - ʻulaʻula-ʻalani i ke ala hele, nape - keʻokeʻo, "papalina" - ʻulaʻula, undertail - keʻokeʻo, ʻaʻohe kaha, ma luna o nā maka - kahi kuʻemaka kukui lahilahi.
- ʻO ke kala o ka wahine: ʻo ka ʻaoʻao luna o ke kino he plumage ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao lalo he hina keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a me nā kahakaha ʻeleʻele, keʻokeʻo ka nape, ma luna o nā maka he maka kuʻemaka lahilahi.
ʻO ka ʻaoʻao luna o nā ʻeheu ʻike ʻia he monochromatic, ʻoiai ka ʻaoʻao lalo e ʻokiʻoki. Hoʻonui ʻia ka huelo hulu hina me 4 mau ʻāpana ʻeleʻele transversal. Ma ka ʻāʻī a me ka umauma, ʻike ʻia nā hahau brownish longitudinal, e kākoʻo ana i ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū māmā.
ʻO ka pinepine i nā ʻōpio, a me nā lunamakaʻāinana liʻiliʻi o kēia ʻano, loaʻa kahi kiko keʻokeʻo ma ka hope o ke poʻo, a he ʻano like ʻole paha - kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka manu. He mea pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ma nā ʻĀkau o ka ʻĀkau, e like me Siberia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hopu sparrowhawk māmā a keʻokeʻo i ke kala.
Hoʻohanohano ʻia kēia mau manu e ka lele maneuvering kiʻekiʻe-ke ʻano mau lākou i nā ʻano hana o ka neʻe ʻana ma waena o ka lewa, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano o ka paʻi a me ka heʻe ʻana. Kākaʻikahi loa ka nānā ʻana i ka poʻe piʻi.
E like me, leo o sparrowhawk ʻaʻole kani pinepine. Hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā leo lohi lōʻihi a pōkole paha. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka leo o ke kāne i ka tonality ma mua o ka wahine, a kani ke kani e like me: "kuk-kuk ..." a i ʻole "kick-kick ...". Eia kekahi, hiki i ka wahine ma kahi o ka pūnana ke humū i kahi mele weliweli: "Tyuv, Tyuv, Tyuv ..", ke kipaku aku nei i nā malihini i makemake ʻole ʻia mai kāna mau puaʻa.
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o ka sparrowhawk
Ma waena o nā mea hoʻonaninani, ua kaulana kēia lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana hawk ma ke ʻano he koa wiwo ʻole i kāna mau moa a me nā pūnana mai nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe. Hiki iā ia ke pale i nā hoʻouka kaua o kahi ʻenemi nui aku.
Inā kū ke kāne i kahi kokoke i nā moa, ʻo ka wahine me ke kanalua ʻole e pounces i ka mea hoʻopilikia, e hoʻouka nei ma hope a huki i ka hope o ke poʻo. ʻO ka huhū ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka manu e hoʻomau a hiki i ka wā i hoʻomaha ai ka mea komo hewa i kahi mamao palekana.
Nā ʻano
ʻO Sparrowhawk ma waena o nā kiaʻi manu kahi inoa ʻē aʻe - sparrowhawk liʻiliʻi... I ka pōʻai o ka poʻe ʻimi holoholona, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia ʻano i nā ʻano subtypes, kaukaʻi ʻia i ke kala o nā plumage.
- Kahiko a ʻulaʻula paha
- Birch
- Nut
- ʻOka (kala ʻeleʻele loa).
ʻO kēlā mau hoʻololi i ka plumage he ʻano pilikino wale nō ia a ʻaʻole pili i ka moekolohe o kēlā me kēia, ka makahiki a i ʻole kahi noho. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka hoʻokaʻawale hou ʻana o nā manu, ʻo ka manawa wehewehe o ia kahi kahi o ka pūnana ʻana.
- Hawk liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. ʻEulopa, ʻAsia Minor, Siberia komohana a hiki i Teritori ʻo Altai, Caucasus, Mesopotamia. I ka hoʻoilo, holoholo kēia ʻano ma ka ʻākau o ʻApelika a me ka hema o ʻEulopa.
- ʻO hawk Siberian liʻiliʻi. ʻO Tureke, ʻĀkau o Peresia, Manchuria, Siberia hikina o Altai, ʻĀkau Kina. Hiki i ka hoʻoilo ma Burma, India a me Indochina. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa kona nui nui. No laila, ʻo ka ʻeheu o ke kāne he 205-216 mm o ka wahine - 240-258 mm.
- ʻO hawkka liʻiliʻi ʻo Kamchatka. Loaʻa ma Kamchatka, ʻoiai nā hoʻoilo ma Iapana. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona kahi waihoʻoluʻu māmā.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
ʻO ka wahi noho o nā sparrowhawks kahi laulā nui:
- Eurasia
- Nuhōlani
- ʻApelika
- mokupuni o ʻInidonesia a me Pilipine
- ʻAmelika Hema / Hema
- Tasmania
- ʻO Ceylon
- Madagascar a me kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe.
Noho ʻo Sparrowhawk i nā wahi mauna a ma nā kahakaha pālahalaha. ʻOluʻolu ʻo ia i nā ululāʻau, nā sabana a me nā ululāʻau. Makemake ʻo Hawks e noho i loko o nā ululāʻau me ke komo ʻole i loko o ka mānoanoa o ia. Koho lākou i nā lihi ululāʻau māmā, ākea nā wahi ākea no ka pūnana ʻana, a makemake lākou i nā ululāʻau māmā. ʻO kekahi o nā mea e pono ai ka wahi kokoke o ka waihona wai.
Ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa kekahi manu i ke ola i nā kahamaha ākea a me nā wahi mahiʻai. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu, hiki ke loaʻa nā lunamaka o nā lawaiʻa i nā wahi noho ma muli o ka nui o nā pio. ʻAʻole ia he mea maʻamau no kahi kaiāulu e uku i nā sparrowhawks i ko lākou ola.
I ka wikiwiki, ʻōpili nā manu i ke aniani o nā hale, hāʻule i loko o nā aho, a lilo i poʻe hōʻino no ka poʻe hoʻolimalima. Hiki iā lākou ke luʻu ma nā puka aniani no ka loaʻa kālā me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi (ʻoka, ʻiole, hamsters), me ka ʻike ʻole i kahi pale aniani i ke ʻano o ke kīʻaha.
Hoʻohanohano ʻia ʻo Hawks e ko lākou ʻano sedentary. ʻO ka mea mua, pili kēia i ka poʻe noho ma ka latitude mahana. ʻOiai nā poʻe e noho ana i ka ʻākau e neʻe i ka hema. ʻO ke kumu, eia nō naʻe, pili kēia ʻano manu i kona wahi i ola ai. Eia nō naʻe, kūkulu lākou i nā pūnana hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma kahi kokoke o nā makahiki i hala.
No ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale hou, koho nā manu i nā piko o nā lāʻau coniferous ma lalo o 3-6 mau mika mai ka honua aku, i nā hanana kakaikahi, loaʻa pū nā pūnana i nā lei kalaunu, akā hūnā mau ʻia lākou ma kahi o ka pahu e ka nui o nā lau mai nā maka prying. ʻAʻole i wehewehe ʻia ka wā no ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pūnana (ma ka nui mai Malaki a ʻApelila) - pili ia i nā kūlana o ka ʻāina kahi e noho ai nā manu.
Meaʻai kūpono
E like me nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana hawk, ʻai ʻo sparrowhawk ka hapanui o nā pāʻani liʻiliʻi - ma kahi o 90% o ka nui o ka papaʻai. Hiki i kēia mau mea i nā tits, crossbills, sparrows, partridges a me nā ʻano like ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopau pū kekahi i nā māmela, nā mea kolo a me nā amphibians, nā koʻokoʻo liʻiliʻi, nā ʻelala - ākea loa ka papa inoa.
Koho nā kāne i kahi mea pio liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai e ʻimi nei nā wahine i kahi pio nui. I ka manawa like, hoʻopau lākou i ka wai liʻiliʻi, akā makemake lākou e ʻauʻau. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo kēlā luku ʻia o nā manu liʻiliʻi, nā insectivores a me nā rodents kahi hana kūlohelohe ʻole e hōʻeha i ka kūlohelohe.
He mea ʻaihue i ke ao, no laila e ʻimi wale ia i ke ao, e hiamoe piha ana i ka pō. A hiki i ke ahiahi ʻana, hiki i nā moa ke lawe aku me ka hopu holoholona, wehewehe ʻia kēia e ke kaʻina hana o kā lākou "hoʻomaʻamaʻa" e ʻimi holoholona. I ka wā o ka hahai holoholona sparrowhawk i ka lele ʻana ʻaʻole pōʻai maikaʻi, e like me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e like me ia, akā, i ka ʻokoʻa, ʻike ʻia e ka neʻe palena nui.
ʻO ka mea pio hiki ke ʻāwīwī ke hiki ke pakele mai kēia predator. Hoʻoholo ʻia ke koho ʻana o ka mea i hōʻino ʻia e hoʻokahi kūlana - pono ke hawk e hiki ke kū aʻe me ia. Makemake nā mea ʻimi holoholona akamai e hānai i kēia mau manu ma ke ʻano he mea kōkua no ka hopu ʻana i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi a me nā manu, ʻoi aku hoʻi ka manu ʻio.
I ka wā o ka ʻimi holoholona, hoʻomanawanui loa ka hulu a me ke kumu - ʻaʻole ia e hoʻololi i ke kumu o ka alualu ʻana a hiki i kona hopu ʻana iā ia, ʻoiai ʻaʻole kani iki. Hiki i kēia manu maʻalea ke kali no kāna mea pio no ka manawa lōʻihi, kiaʻi iā ia, a laila hoʻouka koke.
A i ʻole, e hoʻohou ana ma waena o nā kumulāʻau i ka ululāʻau, e hopu wikiwiki i ka lele i nā mea āpau e hiki ai i kahi predator vigilant. Hiki iā ia ke hopu i ka neʻe a me ka lele a me nā mea i noho ʻia. Ke hopu nei i kahi mea ola, ʻo ka sparrowhawk me kona mau ʻūpā muscular a me nā māiʻuʻu e ʻūlū, a ʻokiʻoki iā ia, ʻAi ka manu i nā mea āpau - mai nā iwi a ka hulu hulu a i ʻole ka plumage.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēia ʻano ʻohana hawk e monogamy, e hana ana i kahi pūnana, pale aku ka wahine iā ia me nā pūʻali hui, me ka hoʻololi ʻole i nā hoa i ko lākou ola āpau. Kūpono ka nui o ka pūnana - 40x50 cm. Manu manu lele kūkulu i nā hale, ke waiho wale i nā mea. ʻIke ʻia he wehe ka hale, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia e ka ikaika, lahilahi, translucent, i hana ʻia e:
- Pahu paina
- Pākuʻi
- Laau maloʻo.
Ma waena o Rūsia, hoʻomaka ka sparrowhawk e pūnana i Mei, e waiho ana i kāna mau hua i nā "hale" hou. Hiki ke hana i kēia hana ma hope iki. No laila, i ka makahiki wela, hoʻomaka ka hoʻomoe i ka mua o Mei, a i kahi makahiki anuanu - i ka hopena o ka mahina. Pili ka manawa o ka hatching o nā moa i ka manawa kau.
Loaʻa i hoʻokahi paʻa 4-6 mau hua, kēlā me kēia 3 * 4 cm ka nui. Ma ka awelika, he 7 mau pule ke kū. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, hoʻoilina a me ka pale o ka hale e hāʻawi wale ʻia i ka wahine, ʻoiai ke kāne e kuleana no ka hānai ʻana i ka ʻohana. ʻO nā keikikāne a 1 mahina ka lōʻihi e like me nā puʻupuʻu fluffy, a laila hoʻokahe loa lākou a hoʻomaka i ka uhi ʻia me ka hulu.
Mai ka manawa e puka mai ai ka moa mua, noho ka brood i ka pūnana no hoʻokahi mahina ma lalo o ka nānā a ka makuahine. Ke hoʻomau nei ke kāne e hoʻolako i ka ʻohana i ka meaʻai, a i kēia manawa wale nō e hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻelele liʻiliʻi o nā manu i meaʻai, a ʻo nā moa moa hoʻi e hiki ke "hopu ʻia".
Ke hoʻomaka e lele nā pēpē makua i waho o ka hale, hoʻomau ka makuahine me ka nānā iā lākou no 2-3 mau wiki ʻē aʻe - pono kēia no ka palekana o nā keiki, pale iā ia mai nā mea ʻino nui aʻe.
Mālama ka wahine i ka pua a hiki i ka moa hope loa. No laila, mai lalo o ka ʻēheu o ka makuahine, hele ʻo hawks i ka wā makua ma ka makahiki 1.5-2, a hiki i ke oʻo piha ʻana i 1 makahiki, i waho ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa i nā ʻano like ʻole mai nā ʻelele makua. ʻO ke kūpono, hiki i ka hana ola o kahi sparrowhawk ke hiki i 15 mau makahiki, eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā manu, ola wale nā makahiki he 7-8.
ʻO ka manawa nui o ka makahiki mua o ke ola, no ka mea ma kahi o 35% o nā pīpī ma hope o 2 mau mahina o ke ola make ʻana mai ka nele i ka meaʻai, nā kūlana anilā, a hāʻule paha i nā māiʻuʻu o nā mea ʻaihue nui a ʻoi aku ka ʻike. I ka pio ʻana, hiki i kēlā me kēia kanaka ke ola a 20 mau makahiki.
ʻIkepili Hoihoi
Ma ʻAigupita kahiko, mahalo ʻia kēia ʻano manu ma ke ʻano he "Hōʻailona o ka ʻuhane." Hōʻike ʻia kēia e nā lele uila wikiwiki i ka lani. ʻO ka hawk kahi ʻano kanaka o kahi mea ola ʻole, lele lele i luna i nā kukuna o ka lā, e like me nā ʻuhane kanaka. ʻO ia ke kumu i kau ai nā ʻuhane o ka poʻe make ma ka sarcophagi ʻAigupita kahiko i nā kiʻi o nā ʻio.
Nui nā mana o ka wehewehe ʻana i ka inoa o ka manu, no ke aha ia "hawk":
- No ka wikiwiki o ka lele a me ka makaʻala. I ka unuhi ʻana, wikiwiki ke aʻa "astr", impetuous, ʻoi.
- No ka papaʻai. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o nā huaʻōlelo "jastь" - a, a me "rebъ" - ʻāpana ʻāpana, hana i kahi mea ʻē aʻe akā ʻo "ka ʻai ʻāpana ʻāpana". Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke unuhi ʻia ka ʻāpana ʻelua o ka huaʻōlelo ʻo "motley, pockmarked" - kahi hiʻohiʻona o ke kala o ka plumage o ka manu
- I ka hoʻohanohano o ka mōʻī Megara. Hoʻolahalaha kēia manaʻoʻiʻo, ʻo ka mea mua loa, ma Georegia.
ʻO kekahi mea hoihoi hou aʻe ka hoʻoponopono pilikino ʻana o ka heluna kanaka. ʻAʻole hāʻawi nā makahiki "Pōloli" i ka hānai ʻana i nā keiki nunui, no laila hoʻāla wale ke kahu hawk i 1-2 mau keiki ikaika, hoʻoweliweli ʻia ke koena o nā pua me ka make no ka luhi.
Hoʻolahalaha ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o nā sparrowhawks i ka hopu holoholona i ka wā hoʻoilo. ʻO ka hopu ʻana i kahi manu ʻio he hana pīhoihoi. ʻO Basieri ka inoa i hāʻawi ʻia i ka poʻe hahai holoholona no ka manu ʻimi holoholona. He mea hoihoi ia i ka hoʻomaka o ke kau, hopu ka basieri i kahi hawk i ka ʻupena me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi maunu i ke ʻano o kahi shrike i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, e hoʻokuʻu pono i ka mea ʻaka mai nā ʻupena a hoʻomalule iā lākou.
I ka hopena o ke kau ʻimi holoholona, ke lawe mai ka mea pio i kahi nui o nā pio (quail), hoʻokuʻu ka basieri i kāna mea kōkua kūʻē i ka nāhelehele. I kēia makahiki aʻe, hana hou ka mōʻaukala iā ia iho, akā me kahi sparrowhawk hou. Hiki i nā poʻe ʻimi ʻimi manuahi me ke kōkua o kēia manu ke loaʻa ma kahi o 10 quails i ka lā.
ʻIke nui ka maka a me ka binocular manu i 8 mau manawa ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ko ke kanaka. ʻO ke kūlana o nā maka (huli i mua) a me kā lākou nui nui e hāʻawi i kēia. Binocular, ʻo ia hoʻi, kahi ʻike maopopo o ka mea me nā maka ʻelua i ka manawa hoʻokahi. Maikaʻi nō lākou i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā pilau, akā inā lākou e omo i ka ea me ko lākou waha a ʻaʻole me ko lākou mau puka ihu.
ʻO ka Sparrowhawk he manu ia o ka nani a me ka wikiwiki. Kūpono no ka huli holoholona kau, akā ʻaʻole kūpono i ka mālama pio ʻana ma ke ʻano he holoholona hoʻohanohano.
