Podaliry - he butterfly o ka ʻohana holo. Ua kapa ʻia ka inoa ma hope o ke kauka Helene Podaliry. ʻO ke ʻano ke kumu a hoʻomanaʻo hoʻi. Loaʻa pinepine ʻia ma ʻEulopa mehana, ʻAsia, Turkey a me ʻApelika mehana. I kēia manawa, i kekahi mau ʻāina, helu ʻia ka butterfly i ka Red Book. Ke emi nei kāna helu ma muli o ka emi o ka mea kanu a me ka waihona forage.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Pili ʻo Podalirium i nā arthropods - he pepeke ulu ulu loa ia i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hapa nui o nā invertebrates. Loaʻa kona inoa mai kona mau lālā. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona hope aʻe o kēia meaola ka iwi iwi.
Hana ʻia ia mai nā papa polysaccharide ikaika a i ʻole quinine. He ʻōnaehana paʻakikī ko ka butterfly i hoʻopili ʻia i ka integument mai loko. Pili pū nā neʻe a pau o ke kino a me nā lālā i loko iā lākou.
ʻO ka hanana butterfly Podalirii:
- ʻO ka ʻōpū lōʻihi a ololi.
- Liʻiliʻi ke poʻo.
- Lae i hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia.
- Nui nā maka, helehelena. Hoʻomaopopo ʻo Podaliry i nā mea neʻe maikaʻi. ʻIke maopopo i kahi kokoke, akā hoʻokaʻawale pū kekahi me nā silhouette mamao loa. ʻIke ʻia ke kala mai 3-4 mau mika. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i nā aka ʻulaʻula, akā hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i ka hapa ultraviolet o ka pae, kahi a ke kanaka e ʻike ʻole ai. ʻOi aku ka mālamalama o nā pena butterfly a pau.
- ʻO nā antennae ʻano kalapu. Ma kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe ua kapa ʻia lākou he "antennas". Aia ma ka ʻaoʻao parietal o ke poʻo. ʻO kēia ka mea ʻike nui. Pono no ka ʻike ʻana i nā pilau a me ke kaulike ʻana i ka lele.
- Pākuʻi me ka fluff.
- Proboscis. ʻO kahi hāmeʻa wahaheʻe ʻano elongated i hoʻolālā ʻia e hopu i ka nectar. Hana ʻia mai ka iwi ā lalo a me ka lehelehe.
- Nā wāwae mua, hope a waena. Pono lākou i ka mea mua o ka mea āpau i mea e loaʻa ai kahi pae i kahi hoʻokahi, a laila wale no ka neʻe.
- ʻElua mau ʻēheu (i mua - triangular, hope - oval). He hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā lākou iho nā fenders. Palupalu lākou a palupalu. ʻO nā mea liʻiliʻi o ka ona a me ka lepo e paʻakikī a kaumaha hoʻi i ka lele ʻana. Ma ka ʻili o nā ʻēheu aia nā unahi i hoʻopili ʻia me nā ʻaukā. Paheʻe ka pulu a me ka lepo iā lākou.
Hoihoi ia! Loaʻa i nā butterflies Podalirian āpau kahi hui ʻo Jones. Hana ia ma ke ʻano he analyzer o nā kani haʻalulu a haʻalulu. Me kēia, kamaʻilio nā mea o ka butterfly me kekahi.
ʻO ke ʻano kūloko o kona kino:
- nā ʻāpana o ka excretion;
- ʻōpū;
- goiter;
- Puʻuwai;
- ʻōpū;
- pūnana nerve;
- lolo
ʻO nā pēpē kahi i hoʻomohala pono i nā ʻōnaehana a me nā ʻōnaehana sensory. Mahalo i kēia, mākaukau loa lākou i ke ʻano a pane koke i ka makaʻu. He ʻelua ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana.
- apo apo periopharyngeal;
- kaula ʻāʻī o ka ʻōpū.
I ke poʻo o kahi butterfly, hana ʻia kahi lolo mai ka hoʻohui ʻia o nā hunaola nerve. ʻO ia ke kuleana no nā neʻe āpau. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana puni o ke ʻano hāmama. Holoi i nāʻaʻaʻa a pau a me nā iʻa i loko. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i komo i ka hanu ʻana. No kēia, branched ka trachea ma o ke kino o ka butterfly, kahi e komo ai ka ea.
Waihoʻoluʻu
He kalima a he kala melemele māmā ko ka butterfly. Ma nā ʻeheu he mau kaha kiʻi i ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana wedge-ʻeleʻele o nā nui like ʻole. Aia kekahi palena pouli ma ka lihi. Ma nā ʻēheu hope aia nā kiko o nā kala polū hohonu.
Maʻaneʻi, he kiko ko kēlā me kēia kanaka ma ke ʻano o ka maka me ke kiʻi ʻulaʻula. ʻO ke kala o ka loko o nā ʻeheu e like me ka waho. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kala o kēlā me kēia kanaka e pili ana i ka wā hānau. ʻO nā kānaka i hānau ʻia i ke kauwela, he kahakai melemele ia ma ka lihi o ko lākou mau ʻēheu. ʻAʻohe o nā kolo kauwela.
Nā ʻano
Podalirius - butterfly, i loaʻa he mau ʻano like ʻole i loaʻa i nā wahi like ʻole o ka honua.
| Nā ʻĀpana ʻlelo | Kona hiʻona |
| Iphiclidens podalirius inalpina | Noho ma nā Alps. Hiʻona: nā ʻēheu pōkole me ka huelo, nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele ākea ākea. |
| Iphiclidens podalirius eisthamelii | Noho ma Sepania a me Pokukala. Hiʻona: Hoʻonani ʻia nā pale pale i mua me 7 mau kaha kū i luna. Melemele ka lalo o nā ʻeheu. |
| ab. Undecimpineatus | Hiʻona: Hoʻonani ʻia nā pale pale i mua me 6 mau kaha ʻeleʻele. |
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Noho ʻo Podalirius i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka honua. Hiki ke loaʻa:
- ma Aferika ʻĀkau;
- ma ka Hikina kokoke a me ka Hikina Waena;
- ma ʻEulopa;
- i Scandinavia;
- ma na moku Beritania;
- ma Crimea.
I hoʻokahi makahiki, ua hoʻololi ʻo ia i ʻelua hanauna:
- lele ka mea mua mai Mei a Iune;
- ʻo ka lua ʻo Iulai-ʻAukake.
Ma nā panalāʻau o nā Alps ʻākau, hoʻokahi wale nō hanauna i ʻike ʻia no ka wā holoʻokoʻa. Kū ka hana kiʻekiʻe loa o nā butterflies i ke anilā mai ka hola 12.00 a 16.00 mau hola. Aloha nā ʻino i nā wahi mehana o ka ʻāina me nā kumulāʻau e ulu ana ma ka lepo calcareous. A eia kekahi:
- i nā aniani;
- ma nā palena o ka ululāʻau;
- i nā awāwa;
- i nā ululāʻau māmā.
Makemake nā kāne i ka pōʻai ma luna o nā kuahiwi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike pinepine podaliry i loko o ke kiʻi, ʻoiai makemake ʻo ia i nā māla pua a me nā māla i nā wahi noho.
ʻAiʻai Pono
Kū ka butterfly kope i ka manawa ke pau i ka protein. Ua koi ʻia ʻo ia e omo i ka meaʻai wai - nectar. ʻO ia ke kumu nui o nā meaola. Hāʻawi kēia mea kupaianaha i ka pollination o nā mea kanu. Pili ka pollen mai kekahi mea kanu i kona mau wāwae a me ke kino a hoʻohuli ʻia i kekahi me ka lele.
ʻEnuhe Podaliria makemake ʻo ia e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau hua:
- cherry;
- plum;
- lāʻau ʻāpala;
- lehu mauna;
- huli;
- peach.
Makemake nā ʻenuhe e ʻūlū i nā lau a puni nā kihi. Hana ʻia nā meaʻai i ke kakahiaka a me ka pō. Hiamoe ʻo ia i ke ao.
Makemake kahi butterfly pala i nā pua:
- hawthorn;
- honeysuckle;
- pua palaoa;
- pulumi;
- rosaceae;
- wili
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hana ʻia ka ulu ʻana o kahi butterfly ma nā kaulahao o ke ola aʻe:
- hua moa;
- ʻenuhe;
- pēpē;
- pepeke i pala.
Mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua
Ke hoʻomaka ka wā hānau, hana nā kāne Podalirian. Hoʻomaka lākou e ʻimi i nā hoa. Lilo lākou i mea hōʻeuʻeu loa i nā kānaka ʻē aʻe. Ke hoʻāʻo nei lākou e kipaku i nā kāne haole mai ka ʻāina i koho ʻia. I kēia wā, hoʻāʻo pinepine lākou e lele i ka lepo wai a i ʻole nā puddles i mea e hoʻopiha ai i ka lako o nā mea trace.
Hiki i ka moʻa ponoʻī ke hana ma nā lālā o nā nāhelehele a i ʻole ma ka honua wale nō. Ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, hoʻomaka ka wahine e ʻimi ikaika i kahi mehameha. Hoʻohana mau ʻo ia i nā lālā o nā lāʻau rosaceous e like me ia.
ʻAi ʻo ia iā lākou a ma aneʻi e moe ai ʻo ia ma ke kua o ka pepa. ʻO ka'ōmaʻomaʻo Podalirii he ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻeleʻele i ke kala. ʻUlaʻula iki paha kona piko. Hoʻololi ke kala i ka polū e pili ana i ke kekelē o ke oʻo ʻana. ʻIke ʻia kahi kiʻi ʻeleʻele. Mālama ka hua moa i 7-8 mau lā.
Hoʻolālā a me ke kūkulu ʻana o ka ʻenuhe
ʻO ka ʻenuhe kahi larva butterfly. ʻEkolu ʻāpana o kona kino:
- ʻōpū;
- umauma;
- poʻo.
Aia ke poʻo i nā ʻāpana 6 i hoʻopili ʻia. Liʻiliʻi nā maka, maʻalahi. ʻNnewa waha. Ma mua o ka hānau ʻana o ka ʻenuhe, e pouli ka hua manu māmā. ʻO kahi larva liʻiliʻi me ka lōʻihi o 3 mm gnaws ma o ka pūpū ponoʻī. I ka papa mua o ke ola, ʻeleʻele ia me ʻelua mau kiko ʻōmaʻomaʻo liʻiliʻi ma ke kua. Uhi ʻia ke kino me nā huluhulu ʻoʻoleʻa.
I kēia wā o ka makahiki, he 3 mau paʻa o ka thoracic a me 5 mau wāwae o ka ʻōpū hoʻopunipuni i ka podaliry. Pau lākou i nā māiʻuʻu liʻiliʻi. I ka lua o ka instar, hoʻomaka ka pelehū e hoʻoheheʻe. Ka lau ʻeleʻele. Huli ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻIke ʻia kahi ʻāpana keʻokeʻo ma ke kua. Kū nā laina oblique ma ka ʻaoʻao. I ke kolu o ka makahiki, ʻike ʻia nā kiko ʻalani.
ʻO ka hoʻomohala maʻamau o ka ʻenuhe mai ka hoʻomaka a i ka hopena ma hope o 25 mau lā. No kēlā me kēia makahiki, hāʻawi ʻia nā lā he 3-5. Ma hope o ka hala ʻana o ka molt maʻamau, ʻai ka ʻenuhe i kāna ʻokiʻoki kahiko. Ma mua o ka pupation, hiki i ka larva i ka lōʻihi o 30-35 mm.
Hoʻohana ka ʻenuhe podaliria i ka osmetry e pale iā ia iho. He gland ia e like me nā pepeiaohao. Aia ma ke alo o ka pahu. Inā ʻike ka ʻenuhe i ka weliweli, kipaku ʻo ia i ka osmetry i mua, ke hoʻopuka nei i kahi ʻala maikaʻi ʻole a makaʻu hoʻi i ka ʻenemi. Kōkua ke kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka pale ʻana i ka ʻenuhe. Me ia, lilo i ʻike maka ʻole ʻia. ʻO nā ʻenemi nui o nā ʻenuhe:
- pule lole;
- nalo;
- lōlō hihi;
- punawelewele;
- pule lole;
- naonao;
- ʻūpā
Hiki i nā Parasites ke kau i kā lākou mau hua i loko o ke kino o ka ʻenuhe. Ke hānau ʻia nā larvae weliweli, hoʻomaka lākou e ʻai ola. ʻO nā ʻenemi weliweli loa nā nalo a me nā lele tahini.
Hoʻomoe lākou i kā lākou keiki i kahi ʻenuhe, e hoʻomau nei e ulu a ulu. Pēpē ia, akā ʻaʻole kupu kahi butterfly, akā he parasite makua. He mea pono ke hoʻomaopopo ʻana ʻaʻole e hōʻeha kekahi i nā podalirians makua.
Ke kahua - chrysalis
Ma mua o ka pīpī ʻana, hoʻopau ka ʻenuhe i ka hānai ʻana. Ma ke kua, hoʻomaka nā kiko o kahi hue ʻulaʻula-brown. ʻOkoʻa ka waihoʻoluʻu Pupa mai kēlā kau a kēia kau:
- i ke kauwela he ʻōmaʻomaʻo-melemele ia;
- i ka hāʻule - pala.
Pupate ʻo Caterpillars ma nā wahi like ʻole. Hana kekahi ma nā lālā lāʻau. Hoʻāʻo kekahi e hūnā i nā wahi mehameha a ʻike ʻole ʻia. Inā pono ka hūnā e hoʻonui, a laila e hana ia i ka wā pupa. ʻO ke ola o ka butterfly Podalirian he 2-4 mau pule. I loko o kēia manawa, hiki iā ia ke male a hoʻomoe i nā hua manu no ka hoʻomau o ke keiki.
Pale Podaliry
I kēia manawa, aia kahi pepe o kēia ʻano i loko o ka puke ʻulaʻula o Lūkia, ʻUkelena a me Polani. Nui nā kumu i alakaʻi i kēia:
- Ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā ululāʻau a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe kahi i noho ʻia no nā butterflies.
- Hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā māla a me nā wahi pāka me nā insecticides.
- Ke puhi nei i ka mauʻu ma nā lihi a me nā awāwa kahi e hiki ai i nā pupae ke hoʻoilo.
- Ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o ka ʻāina no ka hānai ʻana, i hāʻawi ʻia no ka ʻāina mahi mahi a kūkulu paha.
Palekana nā wahi āpau i kahi e noho ai ʻo Podaliry. Pāpā ʻia ka hopu ʻana iā lākou e ke kānāwai.
ʻIkepili Hoihoi
Mai ka wā hānau mai, nani nā pepepe, nani a kupaianaha hoʻi. Akā ua haku ʻia nā mea āpau e ke kūlohelohe no kahi kumu:
- I ʻike ʻia kekahi i kekahi, he kala ʻula ko lākou. Makaʻu nā Predators i kēia mau pua. Hiki ke hoʻowahāwahā a i ʻole lāʻau make paha nā mea kolo catchy.
- ʻAʻole nā unahi ma nā ʻeheu e kipaku wale i ka lepo. I loko o kā lākou hanana, aia kekahi mau ʻōnaehana opio, ke launa pū me ke kukui ultraviolet, hāpai i nā kala hou i ʻike ʻole ʻia e ka maka o ke kanaka.
- Hiki i nā butterflies āpau, ke komo pū me podalirii, ke loaʻa he pālua ma kahi mamao loa.
- Nui ka makemake o nā butterfly ʻo Sailfish e hoʻohua. Hiki i kekahi mau kāne o kēia kolo ke hoʻomomona i ka wahine ke puka ʻo ia mai ka pupa. I kekahi manawa ʻaʻohe o lākou manawa e hohola ai i ko lākou mau ʻeheu ma mua o kēia.
- ʻAnoʻino wale nā ʻenuhe Butterfly. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻōnaehana paʻakikī paʻakikī e pili ana ma kahi o 2000 mau ʻano. Hanu ka ʻenuhe ma o nā ʻūlū kūikawā i loko o nā ʻāpana o ka ʻōpū.
- Ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā butterflies i nā ʻano nohona like ʻole. Ua aʻo lākou i ka wānana i ke anilā. I hoʻokahi hola ma mua o ka wā maikaʻi ʻole, nānā lākou i nā wahi mehameha a peʻe.
- ʻOi aku ka nui o ka podalirii wahine ma mua o ke kāne. ʻAneʻane like kona waihoʻoluʻu me ka ʻāleʻale.
