Aia kekahi helu kupaianaha o nā manu manuahi a kamahaʻo hoʻi o ko mākou honua. ʻAʻole hiki ke noʻonoʻo i nā pā, nā māla, nā māla a me nā ululāʻau me ka ʻole o lākou a me kā lākou mele ʻana. Hoʻopiha lākou i ka honua a puni me ka hīmeni nani a me nā ʻano lilina plumage āpau. ʻO kekahi o nā lunamaka'āinana o ka hulu honua kaʻa lola, e pili ana iā ia ma ke kikoʻī ma lalo.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO Roller maʻamau he manu kū hoʻokahi, no ka ʻohana Rollerbone a me ke ʻano Raksha. Loaʻa iā ia kahi plumage catchy me ka kahe nui, a nani ke nānā aku i ka lani. He wikiwiki a wikiwiki hoʻi ke kaola lele, lele ikaika nā peʻa a ʻoi.
ʻO ke poʻo o kēlā me kēia, kona umauma a me nā ʻeheu o loko e loaʻa i kahi kani bluish waiwai nui loa me kahi hoʻololi turquoise-ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
ʻEleʻele ka hope me ka pala, me kahi hoʻololi mālie i ka hoʻomaka o ka hiʻu i ka uliuli-ʻeleʻele me kahi aniani bluish. Eheu ʻōwili hoʻolālā ʻia i loko o kahi hui o nā lani a me nā aka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, me nā hoʻololi ʻeleʻele ma nā kihi.
Manu lele i ka nui e like me ka jackdaw a i ʻole ka murie. Loaʻa iā ia nā hiʻohiʻona aʻe:
- ka lōʻihi a hiki i 30-35 cm;
- hiki ke kaumaha i 240 gr.;
- maikaʻi ke kumukānāwai, kaulike;
- ʻo ka pālahalaha ʻana o ka ʻēheu a 22 cm, ʻo ka ʻēheu ma kahi o 65 cm;
- ʻūhā kala ʻāpana elongated;
- ma kēlā me kēia wāwae, huli ʻekolu mau manamana wāwae i mua a huli kekahi i hope;
- nui ke poʻo o ke kanaka makua ma ka ʻāʻī pokole;
- nuku o nā aka ʻeleʻele, kūpaʻa a ikaika hoʻi, ʻoiai i ke kinona, ma ka lihi o ka ʻaoʻao luna i ke ʻano o ka lou.
He ʻano ʻokoʻa ko ka manu - ma ke kumu o ka nuku e loaʻa ana ka vibrissae (ʻāpā o ka hoʻopā) ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī. Ke neʻe nei kēia ʻano ma ka ʻili o ka honua me nā lele lewa, no laila makemake ʻo ia e nānā i nā pio mai nā lālā lāʻau.
Lele kaulele ka manu, loaʻa ke kiʻekiʻe a luʻu i lalo. ʻAʻoleʻoi aku ka lele ma mua o 200-250 mau mika. Leo wili ʻū a paʻakikī, hoʻomanaʻo i ke kani "ʻoi aku ka nani". ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa nā wahine a me nā kāne mai kekahi i kekahi.
E hoʻolohe i ka Roller Singing
Nā ʻano
Aia he 8 mau ʻano i loko o ka ʻohana Roller, nona wale nō nā lāhui maʻamau i nā ʻāpana ʻEulopa a me nā hema o Lūkia.
He ʻano ponoʻī ko kēlā me kēia ʻano:
1. ʻO ka Roller umauma Lilac kū i waho nui ia no kona kala ʻokoʻa. He lilac ka umauma me ke kala lilina, he ʻōmaʻomaʻo ke poʻo a me ka ʻāpana o ka occipital, a he ʻāpana keʻokeʻo ko nā maka. ʻO ke koena o ke kala e like me ke kanaka maʻamau. Noho wale ka manu ma ʻApelika wale nō. Noho noho ʻole kāna nohona. Loaʻa iā ia nā ʻāpana ʻelua.
2. ʻO Roller Abyssinian... He kakaikahi ka ʻano, ola i ke kikowaena o ʻApelika, he kala kupaianaha, ʻo ka ʻai nā mea kolo, nā koʻokoʻo liʻiliʻi.
3. Roller polū polū... Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēlā kanaka kēia kanaka e ke kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻeleʻele ma ke kua, ka holika ma ke poʻo. Noho i ʻApelika Waena, hānai i nā kauā. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia kanaka kahi ʻano teritori i haʻi ʻia - ua hoʻouka kaua ʻia kēlā me kēia manu e ʻike iā ia iho ma ka pūnana.
4. ʻO Bengal Roller he ʻeleʻele kona umauma, ʻaʻole polū. Noho i nā māla a me nā nāhelehele o ʻAkia Hema, ma ka Arabian Peninsula i Kina, ma India. ʻAʻole ia e neʻe, akā hana ʻo ia i nā mokulele mamao pokole i ka wā kau. Ua kaulana ka manu no nā aerobatics o nā kāne i ka wā o ka moʻa. Makemake e ʻauʻau a hopu iʻa iʻa liʻiliʻi. ʻEkolu ona mau ʻāpana. Ua koho ʻia kekahi mau mokuʻāina ʻInia i kēia manu ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona.
5. ʻO Roller Sulawesian... He kala polū momona ko kēia ʻano a me ka hina hina ma ke poʻo a me ka hiʻu. ʻĀina laha ʻole o ʻInidonesia.
6. Mākala ʻulaʻula i kapa ʻia pēlā, no kona pāpale haahaa o ka ʻulaʻula kala ma ke poʻo o ka hulu. He leo ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula kā ka umauma. Noho wale ka manu, noho i nā wahi o ʻApelika hema o ka Sahara, hānai i nā moʻo huelo ʻawa, nā nananana a me nā moʻo.
7. Roller-Tailed Roller... Noho ke kanaka ma nā ʻāina he nui ma ka hikina hema o ʻApelika. Loaʻa iā ia kona inoa mai nā hulu lōʻihi ma nā kihi o ka huelo. I ke kala, ʻano like ia me ka maʻamau, akā he kala keʻokeʻo ma ke poʻo.
He ʻohana ʻohana kā ka ʻohana e noho wale ana ma Madagascar - earthen rakshas. Nānā loa kēia mau manu a holo wikiwiki i ka honua e ʻimi i ka meaʻai ma waena o ka mauʻu. He wāwae ikaika a lōʻihi hoʻi ko lākou. Kūkulu lākou i ko lākou mau pūnana ma ka honua i nā lua.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
ʻOiai i mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua loaʻa ka wili maʻamau i nā wahi nui o ʻEulopa. Akā ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka wao nahele, ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā mea hoʻomomona kemika i nā māla i hoʻonele i kēia laha i ka manawa kūpono e noho ai i kona ʻano maʻamau. Ma nā wahi ʻākau o ʻEulopa, ʻano pōpilikia nā ʻano, aia ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli tausani, i ka helu hope loa. I nā wahi hema o ka pae, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, nui ka heluna kanaka o kēia ʻano.
He manu neʻe maʻamau ka Roller, a hoʻi ia i kona wahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ʻApelila, a lele i ka hoʻoilo i nā ʻāina wela i ka mua o Kepakemapa. Ma mua o ke kau moʻo, noho hoʻokahi ka poʻe. Nā wahi ma hea Noho ʻo Roller ākea loa, ʻano nui o nā āpana āpana steppe a me steppe:
- I ka hema o ʻEulopa, noho ʻo ia ma nā ʻāina Sepania, Palani a me Kelemania. Kepania.
- ʻO ka Hikina holoʻokoʻa o ʻEulopa.
- I kekahi mau kihi hema o Scandinavia.
- Siberia Hema.
- ʻAsia waena.
- ʻInidia, Pakistan.
- Nā ʻāina ʻApelika a me ʻAukekulia.
I ko mākou ʻāina, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā manu ma Moscow a me ka moku ʻo Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kaliningrad, Kazan, ma ka hikina a hiki i ka Teritori Altai. Aia nā noho ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka Ural. I ka hapa mua o ke kenekulia i hala, ma ke kūkulu ʻākau a me ke komohana o ka ʻāina ʻo ʻIvovo, lele mau ka manu i ke kauwela. I kēia mau wahi, ʻae nā ʻepekema i ka likelika o ka pūnana ʻana ma mua o kekahi mau pālua - akā naʻe.
Makemake ka Roller e noho i nā lua, nā puʻu kahakai a me nā pōhaku, i kahi ulu lāʻau paina, nā pāka. ʻO nā māla, nā wilou a me nā ʻoka kekahi e hoʻohoihoi i kēia manu. Ma nā ākea piʻi, makemake nā manu e noho, nā kahakai o nā kahawai, nā pali, a me nā wahi neoneo kahi kūpono no lākou. Hiki i kēia mau manu ke piʻi i luna o 3000 m ma luna o ka ʻilikai i nā kuahiwi e hana i nā wahi pūnana ma nā pali kūlia.
I nā mokuna ʻākau, alakaʻi nā manu i kahi nohona neʻe a hoʻomaka e ʻākoakoa no ka hoʻoilo i Kepakemapa. Ma nā wahi wela o Caucasus, ka peninsula o Crimean, noho ka ʻolokaʻa a hiki i ka mua o ʻOkakopa. ʻO ka haʻalele i nā hui liʻiliʻi o kēlā me kēia kanaka, hoʻokahi ala - i ʻApelika. I nā ʻāina tropical a me ka equatorial, he sedentary ka manu.
ʻAiʻai Pono
ʻAi nui nā Rollers i ka meaʻai ola, ʻoiai lākou omnivorous. Nānā nā manu i kā lākou mea pio mai luna mai, e noho ana i ke kalaunu o kahi kumulāʻau, kahi mauʻu, nā kia kiʻekiʻe, a me nā uea uila. Hoʻokomo pinepine ka papaʻai i:
- nā mea kolo nui, i ka puna - nā nalo, a mai ka waena o ke kauwela - nā ʻūhini;
- ʻenuhe honua, ʻūpā, lele;
- uuku na moo;
- emi iki - nāʻiole liʻiliʻi a me nā rana;
- nā hua, nā hua a me nā hua - i ka wā o ke oʻo.
Ke ʻike nei i ka mea pio mai luna mai, lele ka Roller i lalo i ka wikiwiki o ka uila a hoʻouka iā ia me kona nuku ikaika. Ke hopu ʻia kahi ʻiole liʻiliʻi, piʻi aʻe ka manu me ia kiʻekiʻe i ka lani a hoʻolei iā ia i mau manawa i ka honua. A ma hope wale ka hoʻomaka o ka ʻai ʻana.
Aia kekahi koho ʻē aʻe āna e hoʻohana ai, me ka mea pio, piʻi ka mea i kekahi kumulāʻau. Ke paʻa nei i ka huelo me kona nuku, hahau ʻo ia iā ia me ka ikaika me kona poʻo ma kahi ʻoʻoleʻa. E hana ka manu i kēia a hiki i ka manawa e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻia ʻaʻole ola ke kanaka pio. ʻAi wale nō e ʻai ʻia ai ka mea pio.
Hoʻopiʻi hou
Mai kēlā makahiki a kēia makahiki, lele ka Roller mai ka hema a i nā wahi o ka pūnana like, no ka wā e hiki mai ana e koho ʻo ia i nā lua i nā lāʻau a i nā ʻūhā i nā pōhaku. Pūnana ʻōwili kūkulu ʻia i loko o ka hale i wāwahi ʻia, kahi lua, a ʻo nā luawai maloʻo hoʻi i maloʻo. Hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā lua, i hoʻopili ʻia no ka pūnana e nā manu, i nā pae ʻokoʻa loa, ma kahi kokoke i ka honua a ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe a 23-30 mau mika.
Ma nā wahi kai, i ka lepo palupalu, hiki i ka manu ke ʻeli i kahi lua ma mua o ka hapalua mika ka lōʻihi, ʻo ke ala i ka mink he 10-15 cm. Ma ka hopena o ia mea, kūkulu ʻia kahi keʻena hoʻokipa kūpono (30-50 cm), ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o nā paia a 20 cm. ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu maloʻo a me nā lau. ʻO ka nele hoʻi o ka papahele hiki ke hiki.
I ka puna, i ka hoʻomaka o ke kau moʻo, piʻi nā kāne i kahi kiʻekiʻe kūpono, e hoʻopuka ana me ka uē nui, a laila somersault i lalo, e hana ana i ka manawa like me nā leo ikaika, e kono ana i ka wahine. No kēia mau hulahula acrobatic me nā mele e like me ka uē "cancer-cancer", aia nō inoa ʻē aʻe no ka wili - raksha.
ʻO nā hua ʻōwili ma kahi o ʻekolu kenimika i ka leo, i nā lā mua o Iune e waiho ana ka wahine a ʻeono mau ʻāpana i ka manawa hoʻokahi - aniani, keʻokeʻo. Ma muli o ka waiho ʻia ʻana o nā hua i loko o nā lā ʻelua, hiki mai ka hatch mai ka hua mua. Lawe nā mea ʻelua i kēia.
Hoʻoikaika ka pāpālua i ka pūnana i ka wā holoʻokoʻa o ka hoʻoulu a me ka hānai ʻana i nā moa. Ma hope iho Nā keiki lolamake kēlā hatch ma muli o ka hana maikaʻi ʻole. ʻO ka hopena, ʻo ka mea ikaika wale nō e ola i ka nui o 2-3 mau kānaka. Ma loko o ka hānai holoʻokoʻa ʻana o nā manu, ʻaʻole hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka pae hatching.
Hoʻomoʻa nā keiki moa i ke kukui a ʻōlohelohe ʻole a makapō hoʻi. No 4-5 mau pule, hānai ʻole nā mākua i kā lākou keiki a hoʻomehana iā lākou me ko lākou mehana. Ma hope o ka plumage, hoʻāʻo ka ʻōpio e haʻalele i ka pūnana, ʻoiai e pili kokoke ana.
A hoʻomau ka hānai ʻana a nā mākua iā lākou. I ka poʻe ʻōpio, ʻaʻole i like ka nani o ke kala me nā manu makua; e loaʻa iā lākou ke kala ʻōniʻoniʻo turquoise ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki. I ka hopena o ke kau wela, neʻe ka poʻe keiki hou i ka hema.
Wā ola
Hoʻomaka nā ʻōpio e ʻimi no kahi pālua i ka makahiki o ʻelua. Wahi a nā helu helu, alakaʻi ka manu i kahi nohona holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa no 8-9 mau makahiki. Akā ʻike ʻia kekahi mau hihia o kona ola a 10-12 mau makahiki. I loko o kona ola ʻana, hiki i hoʻokahi paʻa manu ke ulu a 20-22 mau moa. Inā hoʻopuka ʻia kahi kauwela a me ke anuanu i hoʻokahi makahiki, a laila ʻaʻole hānau ka Rollers. Aloha kēia mau manu i ke aniau mehana loa.
ʻIkepili Hoihoi
Loaʻa i ka Roller kekahi mau mea ʻano ʻē a ʻano hoihoi ʻole:
- He waiwai kā ka manu: i ka wā weliweli, hūnā ke kanaka i kahi huna mai ka ʻōpū, me ka pilau ʻole. Hoʻoweliweli kēia i nā mea hōkai ʻē aʻe. A ʻo ka manu, no laila, hoʻopakele iā ia iho a mālama i kona wahi pūnana me nā moa mai ka hoʻouka ʻana.
- ʻO nā manu, i hana i kahi pālua, noho kūpaʻa kekahi i kekahi a hiki i ka hopena o ko lākou ola.
- I nā makahiki 30 i hala iho nei, ua emi nui ka heluna kanaka o nā laha. Ma ʻEulopa, ma muli o ke kaiaola a me nā ululāʻau, a ma nā ʻāina hema (India) - ke kumu o ke kī ʻana no kaʻiʻo momona. Alualu pinepine ʻia ka manu no ka leʻaleʻa, hoʻokomo, a no ke kūʻai aku.
- ʻO ka wao nahele make ʻole a me nā kau kau a me nā lau nahele o ka hāʻule e puhi ai i nā manu e ʻimi no nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe no ka nohona a me ka pūnana.
- Aia kekahi ʻike i ʻike ʻia o ka noho ʻana o nā hui i loko o hoʻokahi lua nui, kahi e loaʻa ai kahi pūnana ākea a kēlā me kēia pālua. I loko o kēlā "keʻena kūloko" ʻaʻole mālama nā manu i ka hakakā a hānai i kā lākou mau moa.
- ʻO Roller i ka kiʻi a pīhoihoi ka wikiō me kona nani a me kona nani - he mea manu e lele mai paradaiso.
- Ua hoʻopaʻa nā ʻepekema i ka hiki i ka Roller ke hoʻolilo i nā moa mai kekahi pūnana a i kekahi - he kūpono a weliweli loa ia, a he ʻano ʻino ʻole no ka manu.
- I nā wahi hema o ko mākou ʻāina, aia kekahi mau hihia ke kū mai nā manu ʻelemakule i nā hua i "paʻa" loa, ʻo ia hoʻi nā wahine kahiko. I kēia manawa i ka puha, hiki ke hopu maʻalahi ʻia iā lākou me kou mau lima.
- ʻAi ka Roller i kahi nui o kēlā mau ʻeneto e hōʻino nui i nā mea kanu i mahi ʻia. No kēia, pono ʻo ia e mahalo, no ka mea lawe mai ia i nā pono nui, mālama i nā mea kanu, nā mea kanu mai ka pōʻino o nā mea ʻino.
- Minamina, ua hoʻoweliweli ʻia ka manu me ka luku ʻia a ua hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka Red Book. Loaʻa iā ia ka mahele mua o ka rarity. I Moscow, Lipetsk, Kaluga a me Ryazan a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe, aia i lalo o ka pale ka laha. Pale aku nā wahi noho a me nā wahi pūnana o ka laha.
ʻO Common Roller kahi makana paradaiso i ko mākou latitude ʻākau mai nā ʻāina mamao a wela hoʻi o ʻAsia a me ʻApelika. ʻUā ka lole o nā manu e pili ana iā ia. I ka wā o ka lele, lele ka manu i kahi mamao loa e hoʻi, loaʻa a hānai i nā moa. ʻO kā mākou hana ka mālama ʻana i kēia laha aneane make, a e hana i nā kūlana kūpono āpau no ka noho hauʻoli ʻana a hoʻonui i ka helu.
