Kupaianaha ke ʻano o ke kai a me nā kahawai. Aia ma waena o lākou kekahi mau mea nani, a aia kekahi poʻe, i ko lākou helehelena, hoʻonāukiuki a makemake ʻole paha. Hoʻopili ka mea hope iʻa loach... Ma waho, ʻano like lākou me ka nahesa, wili ikaika a hana i nā leo maikaʻi ʻole inā hopu ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, he iʻa hoihoi loa ka loach, nā ʻano a me ke ʻano o ke ola e pono ai ke aʻo hou aʻe.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Vyun
ʻO nā Loach nā holoholona kū hoʻokahi. He lunamakaʻāinana lākou o kahi pūʻulu iʻa liʻiliʻi me ke kino elongated a me nā unahi paheʻe. Ma nā lehelehe, he antennae like kēia ʻano iʻa. Ma waho, he ʻano like lākou me ka nahesa a i ʻole nā puhi, akā ʻaʻole. No ka ʻohana Cobitidae ka loach, ka ʻohana loach. Hana lākou i kahi ʻano kaʻawale o nā loach. Hōʻike ka inoa e hiki i kēlā iʻa ke kāwili. He palupalu ko lākou kino. ʻO ka paʻa ʻana i kahi loach i kou mau lima he paʻakikī loa. I ka wai, manaʻo nui kēlā holoholona, neʻe i ka wikiwiki loa.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: He iʻa ʻo Loach me nā mana kūlohelohe kū hoʻokahi. ʻAʻole like me ka poʻe noho muliwai ʻē aʻe, hiki iā ia ke ʻoluʻolu i ka maloʻo ʻana o ka wai. Ke maloʻo ke kahawai, hāloʻe nā loach i lalo i kahi hohonu hohonu - ma kahi o kanalima kenimika. Hiki iā ia ke ola ma lalo o ka silt maloʻo loa.
Video: ʻO Vyun
ʻO nā loʻā kahi ʻohana nui o nā loach, a i kēia lā aia ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli me kanahikukūmāhiku ʻano iʻa. Hoʻohui ʻia nā iʻa āpau i loko o iwakāluakūmāono genera.
Nui loa ka genus o nā loach, i waena o nā ʻano maʻamau o kēia mau iʻa:
- misgurnus fossilis a i ʻole loach maʻamau. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia ma ʻAsia, ʻEulopa. Piʻi pinepine ka lōʻihi o kēia kahawai noho i kanakolu kenimika. Uliuli ke kua, melemele ka ʻōpū;
- cobitis taenia. I Lūkini, kāhea lākou iā ia - pinch maʻamau. ʻO kēia ka lālā liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻohana. Noho i nā ʻāina he nui o ʻEulopa, Iāpana, Kina, nā ʻāina CIS. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ia ʻano mea i ka ʻumi kenimika. ʻO ke kala e hoʻomalu ʻia e kahi aniani melemele māmā;
- misgurnus anguillicaudatus a i ʻole Amur loach. Nui ka heluna kanaka o ia kahawai e noho ana ma nā waihona wai o Sakhalin, Siberia, Kina, ʻAsia a me Iapana. I ka nahelehele, hiki kēia holoholona i ka lōʻihi o iwakāluakūmālima kenimika. Mālamalama ke kala o ke kino.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka loach
Maʻalahi loa ke ʻike i ka loach. He iʻa kēia me kahi kino lahilahi, ʻo kona lōʻihi mai nā ʻumi a kanakolukūmālima kenimika. ʻAʻohe loa nā unahi o kēlā ʻano meaola, a ʻuʻuku paha a ʻoluʻolu. Hoʻopili holoʻokoʻa ʻia ke kino o ka iʻa, kahi e hoʻokele a wikiwiki loa ai.
ʻO nā ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa o nā loach nā gills liʻiliʻi a me nā maka, nā antennae filamentous i kau ʻia ma nā lehelehe.
Ua poepoe ke kino o kēia iʻa. ʻO kēia hiʻohiʻona anatomical ma muli o ka hoʻololi o ka loach no kahi ʻauʻau ʻoi a pōkole hoʻi. ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke neʻe ma lalo o ka wai no kahi manawa lōʻihi. Lanakila kēia holoholona i ka mamao me nā jerks pōkole a ʻoi. Liʻiliʻi nā pūʻali a poepoe pū kekahi. Uhi paukū ʻia ke kumu me ka huhū no ka pale hou aku.
ʻO ke kino o ka nui o nā ʻano o nā līlī ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia. He melemele-ʻeleʻele ke kua me nā kiko ʻeleʻele, melemele māmā ka ʻōpū. ʻEleʻele nā hihi, aia kahi kaha ʻeleʻele i ka waena o ka iʻa, a ma nā ʻaoʻao he mau kaha pōkole. I ka helehelena, ua like nā loach me nā nahesa. No kēia kumu, hoʻowahāwahā nā lawaiʻa he nui i kēlā mau iʻa, ʻoiai ʻono loa nā ipu mai iā ia.
Mea hoihoi: Kāhea pinepine ʻia nā Loach he poʻe i hoʻopunipuni i ka makaʻi a i ʻole kahi pane pololei. Pili loa kēia inoa kapakapa i nā hiʻona anatomical kūlohelohe o ka iʻa loach. Ua hana lākou i nā mea āpau i mea e pakele ai i loko o ka wai.
Māhele ʻia ka iʻa Loach e ka wahine i nā wahine a me nā kāne. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou e kekahi hiʻohiʻona o waho. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine. ʻOi aku lākou i nā kāne ʻaʻole wale i ka lōʻihi, akā i ka paona. Loaʻa i nā kāne he mau lūlū lōʻihi lōʻihi. He kiko kuhi ko lākou. I nā wahine, hoʻopuni ʻia nā peʻa pectoral, me ka ʻole o ka mānoanoa a me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe.
Ma hea e noho ai ka loach?
Kiʻi: Loach ma lalo o ka wai
ʻO nā loach he holoholona koho. Kūpono wale lākou no nā kahawai mālie a me nā waihona wai, me nā kumulāʻau ma nā kapa a me nā mea ulu nui. No kēia kumu, hiki ke loaʻa nā kamaʻāina wai i loko o nā kahawai kuli, nā kahawai kahe lohi, nā wahi pohō, nā ʻauwai, i nā loko wai a me nā loko iʻa me kahi huna nui o ka silt. ʻO ka maʻamau he kakaikahi loa nā iʻa ma ia mau wahi. Makemake nā Loach e noho ma lalo o nā kino wai, kahi e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai na lākou. Noho kēia mau iʻa i ka hapa nui o ko lākou manawa i ka lepo, e ʻū hohonu ana i laila.
Ma muli o ke kū mai o kahi nui o ka lepo a me ka silt, hiki i kēia mau iʻa ke noho lōʻihi ma ke kau maloʻo nui. Inā hoʻomaloʻo kahi mākeke, loko wai a wai paha o ka wai, hiki i ka loach ke ola. ʻEli hohonu ʻo ia i ka lepo lepo, a kōkua kekahi mea hanu hou iā ia e mālama i ke kino i ka hana ʻana. He ʻāpana liʻiliʻi ia o ka hindgut. Hoʻomaʻalahi maʻalahi nā Loach i ko lākou wahi noho, no laila maʻamau lākou āpau ma ka honua.
Loaʻa i ka nohona kūlohelohe nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe:
- ʻEulopa;
- Asia Hikina a me Hema;
- Lukia;
- Monokolia;
- Kōlea.
Makemake nā Loach i nā aniau mahana a mehana. He mea nui pū kekahi na lākou e lawa ka ʻai. Ma Asia, ua hōʻike ʻia kēia iʻa e ka lehulehu nui loa. Loach ka heluna lehulehu o nā ʻāina ʻĀsia. Ma laila, hānai ikaika ʻia kēia iʻa a ʻai ʻia. I nā panalāʻau ʻē aʻe, mahalo nui ʻia nā loach i ka ʻepekema. I nā ʻāina he nui, hoʻohana ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohālikelike no ka lawe ʻana i kekahi mau hale noiʻi laboratory.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi i loaʻa ai ka loach. E ʻike kāua i kāna ʻai.
He aha ka ʻai a ka loach?
Kiʻi: Vyun
He mea ʻimi holoholona maikaʻi nā Loach. Hopu a ʻai lākou i nā kamaʻāina muliwai liʻiliʻi me ka makemake nui. Loaʻa kēia mau iʻa i kā lākou meaʻai ma ka lalo o ka waihona wai. Kakaikahi nā iʻa i hiki ke kaena i kēlā ʻike ʻimi holoholona maikaʻi. No kēia kumu, hoʻolaha pinepine nā loach i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe mai ka waihona wai, ʻaʻohe lawa o ka meaʻai. ʻOi aku ka ʻeha o ke kalena, ke koleko kolio a me ka carp i nā loach. Inā ʻoe e hoʻonā i ka iʻa i luna ma hoʻokahi waihona wai liʻiliʻi me nā lī, a laila ma hope o kahi manawa pōkole e emi loa kā lākou helu.
ʻO ka papaʻai o kēlā me kēia lā o ka loach e pili ana i nā ʻano crustacea, molluscs. I kekahi manawa ʻai nā loʻī i ka palolo, ka silt, nā lau nahele like ʻole o ka muliwai. Eia kekahi, makemake kēia poʻe kamaʻāina o ka muliwai e ʻai i nā ʻelala insect: bloodworms, mosquitoes. Noho wale kēia mau mea kolo i nā waihona wai pohō. ʻO ka caviar kekahi kahi mea ʻoluʻolu punahele a nā loach. Loaʻa maʻalahi kēia iʻa a loaʻa koke iā ia ma nā kihi o ka muliwai a i ʻole ke kino o ka wai. ʻAi nā Loach i ka caviar i ka nui palena ʻole.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻAneʻane kokoke i nā meaʻai āpau o ka loach ma lalo o kahi wai pohō a kahawai paha. Hoʻohana kēia iʻa i ka pā e loaʻa ai. ʻO ka lālā nui o ka pā o ka loach ka antennae. He ʻumi pālua kāna o lākou, a hoʻonoho ʻia nā antennae i nā kihi o kona waha.
I ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana, nui ka ʻai nui o ka loach. Akā hiki iā ia ke pōloli a ʻeono mau mahina. ʻO ka mahele o ka loach "home" e komo pū nā moth, nā ʻūlū, nā ʻiʻo maka a me nā hua manu ant. ʻAi wale ka iʻa i ka meaʻai mai ka lalo.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Loach ma Lūkia
ʻO ke ala o ke ola o nā līhaʻi e ana ʻia, mālie, noho mau. Noho lākou i loko o ke kino wai i wae ʻia no ke koena o ko lākou ola. Hoʻolālā lākou i ka manawa he nui e eli hohonu i ka silt. Koho kēia mau iʻa i ka wai pohopoho, kūnewa no ko lākou wahi noho, kahi liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻohe paha iʻa ʻē aʻe. Makemake ka loach e hoʻolilo i ka hapa nui o ka manawa ma nā wahi ulu nui kahi e nui ai ka silt. I loko o ia mau wahi wai wai a me nā waihona wai, aia ka liʻiliʻi o ka oxygen, no laila hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike pinepine i ka piʻi ʻana o ka loach i luna e hoʻokuʻu i ka ea a hoʻopau i ka ea hou. I kēlā mau manawa, hana ʻino ka holoholona. Hiki ke lohe ʻia ke kani like inā ʻoe e hopu a paʻa i ka loach i kou mau lima.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Hāʻawi lokomaikaʻi ʻia ka loach e ke kūlohelohe me nā waiwai like ʻole. No laila, maʻalahi kona ʻili i ke kaomi lewa. Inā mahanahana ke aniau, a laila piʻi iki kēia mau iʻa i ka papa, a i ka wā maikaʻi ʻole (e laʻa me, ma mua o ka ua) hoʻomaka ka pae o ka wai e hoʻopulapula me lākou.
Noho ka mau loʻan ma kahi o ka lā holoʻokoʻa i ka silt, kahi e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai na lākou. ʻAi lākou i nā ilo, crustacea, molluscs. Makemake lākou e pāʻina ma ka caviar o haʻi. ʻAʻau liʻiliʻi nā Loach, ʻoi loa a ma kahi mamao aku. Lanakila loa lākou i nā kūpale like ʻole ma lalo o ka wai, ma muli o kā lākou hiʻohiʻona anatomical: unahi unahi, kino lōʻihi, kino kino i kolikoli Nui ka waiwai a me ka hoʻoluhi nā Loach. ʻAʻole lākou makaʻu i ka wai maloʻo a me ka wai haumia. Kanu hohonu lākou iā lākou iho i ka silt a me ka hibernate inā maloʻo koke ke kino o ka wai. Ma hope o ka ua, hoʻi hou kēia iʻa i ke ola.
He nui nā lawaiʻa loea i ʻōlelo he hiki maʻalahi i nā loach ke neʻe i uka e like me nā nahesa. Inā aia kekahi mau kino o ka wai ma kahi kokoke, a laila kolo maʻalahi nā kānaka nui mai kekahi a i kekahi. He paʻakikī e hoʻokolokolo i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Loach muliwai
ʻO ke kaʻina hana kope i kēia ʻano iʻa i kāna mau ʻano ponoʻī:
- ʻO Spring ka manawa kūpono e hana kope hou. ʻO ka wai i loko o nā waihona wai liʻiliʻi e pono e hoʻomehana loa, e hemo i ka hau;
- ma hope o ka male ʻana, nānā ka wahine i kahi kūpono e kau ai i nā hua. ʻO ka maʻamau o kēia mau iʻa e waiho nei i nā hua i loko o nā mānoanoa mānoanoa kokoke i ke kahakai. I kekahi manawa waiho ʻia nā hua i loko o nā waihona wai manawa, no ka laʻana, ke kahe ana kahi muliwai. I kēia hihia, nui ka makaʻu o ka make o ka palai ke hoʻi mai ka muliwai i kāna mau kapa;
- ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hua i kau ʻia, hiki ke piʻi i 1,9 millimeter. ʻAʻole kēia he mea kupanaha, no ka mea nui ka nui o nā mākua o ia ʻano iho. He pūpū lahilahi ko Caviar, hiki ke pili i nā lau o nā mea kanu wai;
- ma hope o ka waiho ʻana i nā hua, hoʻopili ka hua i nā mea kanu a hānai i ka ʻoka. I kēia manawa, ke ulu mau nei kā lākou meaola a me nā kino āpau, loaʻa nā waiwai kūpono. Ma hope o kahi manawa pōkole o ka manawa, hoʻomaka ka palai e hānai iā lākou iho.
ʻIke lākou i nā meaʻai kūpono no lākou iho me ke kōkua o antennae, e hana i ka hana o ka pā. Kū ka ulu ʻana o nā larach loach me ka nele nui o ka oxygen. Ma hope iki aku, hiki i ka iʻa ke hopu i ka ea, e piʻi aʻe i luna. I ka pae larval, kōkua nā kīʻaha koko ikaika iā lākou e hanu, a laila lōʻihi loa nā puka o waho. Ma hope o ka lilo ʻana i mākua, ʻemi kēia mau gili i ka nui a laila nalo loa. Ke pani ʻia nei lākou e kekahi mau gills maoli.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o nā loach
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka loach
ʻO ka loach kahi iʻa quirky, tenished. ʻAʻohe ona ʻenemi kūlohelohe. ʻO kēia kekahi ma muli o kona wahi noho. Ma ke ʻano he nui, makemake nā loach e noho i loko o nā wai pohō, kahi e kahi ʻole ai nā iʻa ʻē aʻe a he kakaikahi paha o lākou. Eia nō naʻe, aia nō kekahi mau holoholona e ʻai i nā loʻā no ka meaʻai. ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe weliweli o nā loach nā iʻa iʻa. ʻO ka loach kahi mea nui o ka papaʻai o burbot, pike a me perch.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka hopu ʻana i ka loach a iʻa iʻa iʻa wale. Hiki i nā Loach ke hūnā koke mai ka makaʻu, a hohonu hohonu i ka silt. Akā i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole kōkua kēia i ka haʻalele i ka mea ʻino. Hoʻouka pinepine nā manu i nā loach. Lilo ka waiwai pio o ka loach hulu ke hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e neʻe i kahi loko kokoke i loko o ka mauʻu maʻū. Mālama kekahi mau manu e kiʻi i kēia iʻa pono mai lalo o ka loko wai maloʻo a i ʻole ka puaʻa. Kākaʻikahi loa ka ʻāina i lilo ka loach i waiwai pio o nā holoholona kīnohina ʻē aʻe e kokoke kokoke ana.
Hiki ke kapa ʻia ka iʻa like me ka nahesa he ʻenemi. ʻAʻole nani ka nānā ʻana o ka loach. Nui nā lawaiʻa, i hopu iʻa iʻa iʻa, hoʻolei wale i uka. Hoʻopaʻa ka poʻe puni lawaiʻa ʻē i nā loach i nā nui he nui a laila hoʻohana ia mau mea maunu.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Vyun
Ke kūlana mālama o nā loach: Least Concern. ʻOiai ka hopena o nā kumu maikaʻi ʻole he nui, mālama nā loach i kahi lehulehu ma ka hapa nui o nā panalāʻau o ko lākou wahi maoli. Loaʻa kēia i nā hiki kūlohelohe a me nā hiki o nā loach. ʻO ka mea, hua nui kēia mau iʻa. Hoʻonui koke lākou, e waiho ana i nā hua i ka manawa. ʻO ka lua, ʻo ka loach kahi iʻa paʻa. Hiki iā ia ke ola i nā kūlana ʻoi loa.
ʻAʻole makaʻu kēia kamaʻāina muliwai i ka maloʻo, ka nele o ka oxygen. Hiki iā ia ke ola a i loko o ka wai haumia loa, a hiki i kēia holoholona ke kali i kahi maloʻo ma lalo o kahi papa nui o ka silt. Hiki i nā loach ke neʻe mai kahi wai i kekahi. Piolo lākou e like me nā nahesa ma luna o nā mea kanu pulu mai kekahi kumu wai i kahi ʻē aʻe. Me ka hoʻomau o ka heluna nui o ka lehulehu, ua hoʻomaopopo koke nā ʻepekema i ka emi lohi o ka nui o nā loach.
Loaʻa kēia i ka hopena o nā kumu aʻe:
- hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i nā poho wai, nā waihona wai kū pono ʻole. ʻOiai hiki i nā loach ke ola i loko o ia mau ʻano, akā ʻaʻole no ka lōʻihi. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, pono hou lākou i ka wai, akā nui nā waihona i hoʻomaloʻo maloʻo ʻole;
- ʻai iʻa. Ma ʻAsia, ʻo nā loach kahi mea ʻai punahele a ka poʻe. No kēia kumu, ke emi nei ka nui o nā iʻa ma nā panalāʻau Asia;
- hoʻohana ma ke ʻano he loaʻa kālā. Hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia nā Loach e nā lawaiʻa no ka lawaiʻa pike, iʻa iʻa, iʻa kāpelu.
Loach He iʻa e like me ka nahesa e hoʻonāukiuki iki i ke aloha. Eia nō naʻe, he mea kū hoʻokahi kēia me nā hiki kupaianaha e ola i nā kūlana paʻakikī. ʻAʻole pūʻiwa wale kēia iʻa me kona ʻano ʻokoʻa, akā me ka hiki ke "ala hou" maoli ma hope o ka hoʻomaloʻo piha ʻana o kahi loko wai a i ʻole ka muliwai.
Lā o ka paʻi ʻia: Kepakemapa 26, 2019
Lā hou: 11.11.2019 ma 12:16