Pēpē ʻa Barbel aiʻole ka ʻohana lumberjack kahi ʻohana nui a ākea hoʻi o nā nalo. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o kēia ʻano he ʻumiʻumi nui, mau manawa ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ke kino. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou penei: arthropods insect coleopteran barbel.
Makemake nui nā mea hōʻiliʻili Entomological i kēia mau nalo no ko lākou ʻano like me ka nui o ke kino, ke ʻano elytra, nā mea ulu kiʻi like ʻole, nā tubercles a me nā ʻōiwi ma ka elytra, a me nā kala like ʻole. ʻO kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona maloʻo ma kahi o $ 1,000.
Eia kekahi, hiki i kahi kolone o nā beetle kālai lāʻau ke hoʻopau i kahi wahi nui o ka nahele i kahi manawa pōkole, no laila ua luku ʻia lākou e nā mea ulu lāʻau. No nā kumu i luna, ʻoiai ka nui o nā laha a me ka hoʻolaha ākea a puni ka honua, i ka ʻohana o nā nalo he poʻe i helu ʻia i ka Red Book.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻAʻohe mea ʻino kēia mau mea kolo i loko o lākou iho, hānai lākou i nā mea kanu, ʻo ka nui o kahi ʻano lāʻau. Akā nānā lākou i kekahi manawa i ka weliweli. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona loa he ʻumiʻumi loloa kelepona, ʻo ka nui o 2, a i ʻole 5 mau manawa i ka lōʻihi o ke kino. Ma ke kumu o ka antennae nā maka o ka ʻeleka. ʻO ka ʻumiʻumi ke ʻano o ka pilau a me ka hoʻopā.
ʻO nā mea āpau a nā beetles āpau he kino kino elongated, ʻoiai, kaukaʻi ʻia i nā ʻano, hiki ke ākea ke kinona ma nā ʻaoʻao a i ʻole elongated. I ke ʻano o ke kino o nā mākua, ʻekolu mau ʻāpana nui i hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia: ke poʻo, ka umauma a me ka ʻōpū. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lālā i nā ʻāpana 5 - pelvis, trochanter, ʻūhā, ʻūhā haʻahaʻa a me ka wāwae.
He ʻelua pālua ko lākou mau wāwae, elytra chitinous ʻoʻoleʻa, a he mau ā nui ko kekahi. Palupalu ka ʻōpū, mahele ʻia i nā ʻāpana, pinepine i ʻelima. Ua poepoe ko lākou poʻo; pili pono ia i ka prothorax.
ʻOkoʻa nā kāne mai nā wahine e nā ʻumi ʻumi lōʻihi, hoʻomohala pū ʻia hoʻi nā iwi kiʻekiʻe o nā kāne, ʻoi aku ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, a pena pinepine ʻia lākou i kahi kala ʻokoʻa. Pālahalaha a ākea ka laulā o ko lākou kino. Kuhi ʻia kēia mau nalo e ka manaʻo e like me dimorphism moekolohe. ʻO kēia ke ʻano ʻokoʻa nā wahine a me nā kāne, me he mea lā mai nā ʻano like ʻole.
Hana nā piʻo longhorn he nui i nā leo kūpilikiʻi, nā ʻūlū, a i ʻole nā ʻalalā. Loaʻa kēia i ka hakakā o ka rib prothorax e kūʻē i ka ʻili o ka mesothorax, a i ʻole ka hakakā o nā wāwae hope i ka elytra. Hana lākou i kēlā mau leo ke hoʻoweliweli ka ʻenemi. ʻO ka makaʻu paha iā lākou.
Hiki ke ʻokoʻa loa ko lākou kala. Loaʻa iā ia ke kala o nā ʻēheu chitinous a me nā lauoho o ke kino. Hauʻoli nā kala i ko lākou ʻano like ʻole. ʻO nā aka mālamalama - melemele momona, saladi, lemona, ʻākala.
Nā akaʻeleʻele - brown, poni, ʻeleʻele. Kūleʻa ka hui like - nā kaha, nā kiko a me nā lauana ʻē aʻe, i kekahi manawa o kahi ʻano paʻakikī a me ka hoʻonani. Pili nā ʻano kūwaho a pau ma waena o nā nalo i ka nohona a me nā ʻano.
Nā ʻano
Hōʻike nā kuhi koʻikoʻi loa e pili ana i 26,000 mau ʻano o kēia mau mea, akā hoʻololi pinepine kēia ʻike. ʻAneʻane i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻike ʻia nā ʻano hou mai nā wahi like ʻole, ka hapanui mai nā tropika a me nā wahi kokoke i ka equator. Eia nō naʻe, ʻike ʻia kekahi mau lāhui hou i loko o ka nohona Europa, exotic Asia a me ʻAmelika holomua.
Ma ka panalāʻau o Rūsia, aia he 583 mau ʻano. ʻOiai ka ʻokoʻa a me ka nui, ua aʻo maikaʻi ʻia kēia mau pepeke e nā ʻepekema. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou no ka beetles. Akā he mau kānaka nunui kekahi i waena o lākou. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo ka titanium lumberjack e noho nei ma ʻAmelika Hema a hiki i 19-22 cm ka lōʻihi.
Aia kekahi ʻano nui ma ʻAmelika Hema - ʻo ka lumberjack niho nui, ʻo ia ka 17-18 knm ka nui. ʻO ka nalo lōʻihi mai Fiji ke kolu o ka nui o nā nalo nui i ʻike ʻia i kēia manawa. Ua piʻi kona nui i 15 cm.
ʻO Lumberjack bigtooth
ʻO ka nalo ʻEulopa nui loa i kēia manawa ka barbel kamana, aia ma kahi o 6 cm ka lōʻihi. Ma Rūsia kekahi luna nui o kēia ʻano - ka Ussuri relic barbel. Ua ulu ʻo ia i 11 cm.
ʻO Relic Barbel
Aia he 11 mau ʻohana ʻohana no ka barbel. E kamaʻilio e pili ana i kekahi o lākou. ʻO ko lākou inoa: barbel maoli, lamina, barbel, parandrina, prion barbel, spondylidin. Aia nā Lamiinas ma kahi o 13,000 mau ʻano o nā nalo, a he nui nā hiʻohiʻona nani o waho. ʻO kahi laʻana, loaʻa i kekahi i nā kaha ʻeleʻele a i ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma nā ʻēheu.
Hoʻokomo pū nā Prionins i 1000 mau ʻano. ʻO kēia kahi o nā beetles kahiko loa. Loaʻa ma nā wahi āpau o ka honua, koe wale nō nā wahi polar anu. ʻOkoʻa loa ka nui, mai 2 mm a 178 mm, akā ʻo ka hapanui he beetles nunui kēia, a i kekahi manawa a 22 cm.
Pena ʻia i nā kala ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele, brown. ʻO kēia subfamily ka poʻe nunui i waena o nā beetles: ka titanium lumberjack, ka Brazilian bigtooth lumberjack a me ka Ussuri relict lumberjack.
Loaʻa i nā Parandrins he 50 mau ʻano a noho i nā tropika a me nā subtropics. ʻAno ʻole lākou no ka ʻohana, ʻoiai he antennae pōkole loa lākou, ʻoi aku ka hoʻomanaʻo o nā pepeiaohao. ʻO kaʻulaʻula o kā lākou mau'ēheu paʻakikī heʻulaʻula-ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha.
ʻO Barbel a i ʻole nā lepturins he ʻohana he 100 a me nā ʻano 2500. ʻO nā nalo liʻiliʻi, kala ʻia nā ʻeheu me nā kaha melemele-ʻeleʻele.
Aia nā Spondylidins ma luna o 100 mau laha. ʻO kēia nā lunamakaʻāinana i ka pō a me ke ahiahi. ʻAʻole lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o kā lākou whiskers, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ko lākou nui ma mua o ke kino. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā ʻeheu he bluish-ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele.
Kēia beetle barbel i ke kiʻi like me ke kiʻi mai nā frescoes ʻAigupita. Ua kahakaha nani ʻia ia, aia ke komo i waena o ke kino, nā ʻeheu me ka sheen matte hanohano, e like me ka ipu keleawe. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā whiskers, he lokomaikaʻi loa nā paws. Hoʻohālike wale no ka lole o nā lima.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Noho ʻo Bebelle Beetle ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa kahi o nā ululāʻau. Aia kā lākou hāʻawi i ka loaʻa o ka meaʻai - ka nui o nā kumulāʻau. ʻO nā mea koe ka Arctic a me ka Antarctic, pololei no ka nele o kahi waihona meaʻai.
Ma ke ala o ke ola, maʻalahi lākou. Kokolo lākou, he nui loa me ka wikiwiki. Hiki i kekahi o lākou ke lele. Inā ʻohi ʻoe i kahi nalo, hoʻokuʻu ia i kahi chirp ʻano. Pili ko lākou ʻano o ke ola i ke aniau a me ka nohona.
Ma nā wahi hema, "lawe nā ʻenekena" i ko lākou mau ʻeheu "mai ka waenakonu o ka puna. Hoʻomaka ka lele ʻana o nā beetles ʻAkia Waena kokoke i ka hoʻoilo. ʻEleu kekahi i ka lā; hānai nui lākou i nā pua i wehe ʻia i ke ao. ʻEleu kekahi poʻe i ka pō. ʻAʻole peʻe kā lākou meaʻai i ka pouli.
ʻIke nā nalo ʻelua i ka pō a me ke ao i nā wahi paʻakikī no ka hoʻomaha a me ka hānau ʻana. Hoʻoholo pū ʻia ka pae lele ma muli o ka nui. ʻO ka nui o ka nalo, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o kona lele ʻana, ʻo ka nui o ke kolo. Alakaʻi lākou i kahi nohona malū loa. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i kahi nūnū makua i ka nahele he makana maoli ia no ka entomologist a me kahi hōʻailona weliweli no kahi forester.
ʻAiʻai Pono
Kēlā, he aha ka mea e ʻai ai ka nalo barbel, pili i kona wahi noho. ʻAi nā beetles makua i nā pistil a me nā stamens o nā pua, ka ʻili ʻōpio a me nā lau o nā kumulāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau. Nā ʻāpana o ka palaho palaho a olakino hoʻi, petioles, kanu kohu, pulp o ka cacti a i ʻole nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe - ʻo kēia ka mea e ʻai ai ka nalo barbel.
ʻO ia, ʻaneʻane pōʻino ʻole kahi beetle makua. Akā barbel beetle larva He ʻino ia no nā lāʻau, nā hale lāʻau a me nā mea lāʻau. Kūleʻa lākou i nā lāʻau a ʻai i ka wahie, e hōʻeha nui ana i nā ululāʻau o ka honua.
Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā beetle he nui i nā subspecies ma muli o ke koho ʻana o nā laha lāʻau, a lākou i koho ai e hānai i kā lākou larvae. O kahi laʻana, nalo ʻoka makemake ka barbel i ka lāʻau paʻakikī, ʻoka, no ka laʻana.
Hiki iā ia ke noho i nā kumu lāʻau ʻoka, a ma nā wahi kahi e hōʻino ai ka lāʻau. Kūlike ka nui o kēia beetle, 3 a 6 cm i ke kala, ʻeleʻele me kahi aniani ʻeleʻele, a aniani e like me ka resin. ʻUlaʻula ʻo Elytra ma nā wēlau. Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻoka, koho ʻo ia i ka beech, hornbeam, elm, walnut e hānai ai i nā larvae o ka wā e hiki mai ana.
ʻEleʻele ka nalo barbel, a makemake paha ʻo pine e koho i nā conifers. Kapa ʻia ia he moku nalo moku. Ua luku ʻole ʻia kāna larva a pau i nā hale o ka moku, inā kūkulu ʻia lākou mai nā pine i loaʻa. ʻAi ʻo ia iā ia iho i ka pollen, nā nila a me nā lau.
ʻO nā nalo e makemake i nā kumulāʻau coniferous no kā lākou paʻa ʻana - larch, spruce, pine, hoʻokomo i kahi nalo pālahalaha me kahi kala poni.
Beetle barbel lila hānai iā ia iho i ka ʻili palupalu o nā kumulāʻau ʻōpio, nā nila kuʻikuʻi ʻōpio. Akā hōʻino kāna larva i nā kumulāʻau ma kahi pālākiō ʻoihana. Hoʻomau lākou i ka luku ʻana i ka wahie, a ʻohi a ʻoki hoʻi no ka ʻai. Aloha pū lākou e noho kokoke i kahi kanaka, e luku ana i nā hale.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hana ʻia ke kaʻina hānau holoʻokoʻa i kahi wahi mālie a maluhia hoʻi, ma kahi kiʻekiʻe. I ka piko o ka lāʻau, ma luna o ka hale. I nā wahine, hūnā ʻia kahi wai kūikawā (hūnā), e ʻumeʻume i kahi hoa. Ma kahi o 30 mau minuke ka male ʻana. ʻO ka wahine e hoʻolohe i ka nānā ʻana e noho ma lalo o ka pale a me ka nānā ʻana o ke kāne, ka mea e hele pū me ia a ʻike ʻia nā hua.
I ka hopena o ke kau moʻo, make ke kāne, a ʻoi aku ke ola o ka wahine iā ia e hoʻomoe i nā hua. Hoʻomoe ka beetle wahine i nā hua he 100 i nā māwae o nā kumu lāʻau a me nā ʻāpana wahie. Koho ʻo ia i ka wahi masonry e ka ʻala. I ka hana ʻana i kahi paʻa, ʻaʻole hōʻike ka mū i ka mālama hou aʻe e pili ana i nā keiki.
ʻIke ʻia nā ʻūlū mai nā hua manu, a laila nā pupae, a ma hope wale o kekahi mau makahiki ʻai lākou i nā ala i ka lāʻau a kolo i waho. ʻO ka larvae ponoʻī, ke ulu nei, aneane hiki i ka lōʻihi o kahi beetle makua. ʻO ke kaʻapuni ola holoʻokoʻa he mau pae: egg, larva, pupa, imago.
I kekahi manawa hoʻomākaukau nā nalo longhorn i kahi ma mua no ka hānai ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā larvae e hiki mai ana. Koho lākou i nā kumulāʻau liʻiliʻi, ʻai i ka ʻili a puni ke anapuni ma ke ʻano o ke apo, kokoke i ke aʻa. ʻO ka hopena, hoʻomaka ka lāʻau e make lohi. A hoʻopau ka larva hoʻolohi i ke kaʻina hana luku.
Hana lākou i kahi crunch nui ke nahu lākou i ka wahie. I kekahi manawa i kahi nahele maloʻo, hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe i kēia kani ʻano. Kūleʻa loa ka larvae. Kūleʻa lākou i nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole, noho i nā lāʻau maloʻo a maikaʻi ʻole hoʻi i nā makahiki he nui.
He kala o ko lākou kino, mai keʻokeʻo a i ka melemele. Palupalu ke kino ponoʻī, pālahalaha liʻiliʻi, me kahi cephalothorax hoʻomohala maikaʻi. He mana ikaika kona i mua e hiki ai ke hana i nā hana ʻoki a me nā nau.
Pōkole ke ola o ke kanaka makua. Puka mai ka nalo mai ka pupa i ka wā mua o ka puna, ʻoiai no kēia mea pono ka manawa o ka larva e pupate. Inā mamao ia mai ka pūnāwai, burrows ka pupa i ke kumu o ka lāʻau me kahi drill, a me nā hibernates, e kali nei no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wela.
Nā kōkua a me nā pōʻino i nā kānaka
Ke puka i waho ka larva, puka kahi puka i ka kumulāʻau, kahi e ninini iho ai ka ʻeke. No laila ua akāka kahi e noho ai kēia beetle weliweli. I kekahi manawa ʻai lākou i ka wahie mai loko a pala loa, a heleleʻi.
ʻO kekahi mau nalo, e laʻa me ka barbel brownie, ua lilo i mau hoanoho maikaʻi ʻole o ke kanaka. He kakaikahi lākou i ke ʻano, akā manaʻo nui lākou i nā hale lāʻau. ʻO ka hale, nā papahele, nā aniani puka lāʻau, nā kaupaku o ke kaupaku a me ke kaupaku - hiki ke hōʻino ʻia nā mea āpau inā hoʻomaka kēia mea kolo. Hoʻomoe lākou i nā grub e luku i nā lāʻau āpau.
ʻOiai ʻo nā lako hale, nā moena, nā papa ʻaina a me nā noho hiki ke ʻeha mai kahi kaiāulu. Hoʻomoe pono ʻo Beetles i kā lākou mau hua i nā wahi paʻakikī e hiki - i nā māwae hohonu i nā huahana lāʻau. Ma hope o 2 mau pule, ʻike ʻia nā larvae mai iā lākou, a hoʻomaka lākou i kā lākou hana luku ʻike ʻole ʻia. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻoponopono i kēia mau mea i ka manawa, ma hope o kekahi manawa e lilo nā mea āpau i lepo.
Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau mea o ka beetle ʻoki lāʻau ʻaʻole weliweli, akā, i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he pōmaikaʻi. O kahi laʻana, hina hina barbel ʻaʻole ia he mea hōʻino loa i ka nahele. Hoʻopili wale ia i nā kumulāʻau kahiko a make hoʻi, kahi e wikiwiki ai i ka hoʻololi o ka lāʻau kūlohelohe i humus. ʻO nā beetles he pollinator o nā mea kanu pua, ke ʻoi aku ka pōmaikaʻi ma mua o nā pollinator maʻamau.
Pehea e hoʻopau ai i kahi barbel
ʻO ka nalo Barbel ma ka home - kekahi o nā ʻenemi weliweli loa o ke kanaka, inā ʻaʻole ka weliweli loa. ʻO kāna larvae paʻakikī, maikaʻi, ʻaʻole ʻike koke ʻia. No laila, pono ʻoe e ʻike i kekahi mau lula, pehea e hoʻopau ai i ka nalo barbeli ʻole e waiho hale ʻole ʻia.
- Ke koho ʻana i ka wahie, e nānā pono inā ua mālama ʻia me kahi antiseptic.
- Ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi hale, e hoʻohana i nā huahana hoʻopau lāʻau kūikawā me kahi antiseptic. E pale lākou i ka lele ʻana mai o nā nalo.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻūlū, e mālama pono i ka hana ʻana i ka lāʻau kemu pilikia. ʻO kēia bromomethyl, zinc chloride, mercuric chloride. Eia kekahi, pono e hana i kēlā ʻano hana 2-3 mau manawa i ka makahiki. Kūpono nā larvae, pono ka pale. He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo he pono e hoʻokō ʻia ke kaʻina hana ma lalo o ka kaohi o nā lawelawe e pili ana. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e kāhea i nā loea mai ke keʻena hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me epidemiological no kēia kumu.
Pono ʻoe e launa pū me nā loea inā hoʻoholo ʻoe e hoʻokō i ka fumigation mai nā nalo, ka mālama ʻana me ke kinoea ʻona a i ʻole ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā maunu ʻona. Pono kēia mau kiʻina āpau i kahi ʻoihana hoʻokele pono.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokō i ka lāʻau me ka mahu maloʻo a i ʻole, ke kūpale, ka hau. He paʻakikī kēia mau hana i ka hana ma ka home. A palekana ʻole lākou. No laila, hoʻohana ʻia ia mau mea i ka hana ʻana, a ma nā wahi wale nō i koho ʻia.
ʻO ke ʻano hou o ka hoʻolei ʻana i nā nalo hale he irradiation microwave. Hoʻomehana kahi mea hana kūikawā i ka wahie ma nā wahi paʻakikī e hiki aku ai, e luku ana i nā larvae. ʻO ka maikaʻi o kēia hana ka palekana no nā kānaka a me nā kūkulu. Hana ʻia ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o kekahi o nā ʻāpana i hoʻopili ʻia e ʻoki a pani me nā ʻāpana hou, ʻole a hōʻino ʻia.
ʻIkepili Hoihoi
- I loko nō o nā iwi ā ikaika e hiki ai ke ʻānai i kahi penikala, ʻaʻole weliweli ka nahu nalo i nā kānaka. ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke hōʻeha iā ia.
- ʻO kahi pēpē barbel makua, ʻoiai ka nui o ka nui, ʻai liʻiliʻi loa. I kekahi manawa ola ʻo ia mahalo wale i nā mālama i hōʻiliʻili ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he larva. ʻAi nā wahine i nā kāne hou aku e hōʻoia i ka ulu ʻana o ka hua manu maʻamau.
- Ma kāna panalāʻau, ʻaʻohe hoa hakakā o ka wahine. Hūnā ia i kahi pheromone kūikawā e ʻumeʻume i nā kāne a hoʻoweliweli aku i nā wahine ʻē aʻe.
- Noho ka nalo makua i kekahi kau kau, ʻoi aku ka nui o 2-3 mau mahina, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka larva, no nā makahiki, i kekahi ʻano a hiki i 10 mau makahiki.
- Wanana kekahi poʻe futurist i ka wā e hiki mai ana e ʻai mākou i ka wahie. Inā ʻoe e hoʻopaʻa a hoʻohana i ka ʻōnaehana digestive o ka nalo barbel, hiki nō ke hana i kēia. Hāʻawi ʻia kona ʻōpū me nā koʻohune kūikawā e hoʻolilo i ka cellulose i mau haʻuki kūpona. Kahi manawa, hana ka larva i kēia mau koʻohune, ke loaʻa nei nā meaʻai hou aʻe mai iā lākou. Iecaianoaaiiuo ole.
- He ʻano ʻē paha ia, akā ʻaʻole butterflies a me nā nalo meli, akā hoʻopili ʻia ka bebelle bebel me nā mea kanu pua. Hoʻolilo lākou i ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola pōkole i nā pua. A ma muli o ko lākou nui, pollination lākou i kahi ākea nui. Mahalo i kāna makemake ʻono, ua ola kekahi mau mea kanu a ola i ke kūlohelohe.
