ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano manō maʻamau ka katran. I ka honua ua kapa ʻia he ʻokoʻa - ka manō prickly manō, ʻōlohelohe a me kahi ʻīlio kai. ʻAʻole ia e hoʻoweliweli i nā kānaka.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Katran - he ʻano manō liʻiliʻi kēia, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ia i hiki i kahi o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mika, a he 12 kg ke kaumaha. I kekahi manawa nui nā hiʻohiʻona. Inā hoʻohālikelike ʻoe katrana i ke kiʻi me ka Stiggeon, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā mea like he nui.
ʻO ke ʻano o nā kino a me nā ʻano elongated e hōʻike ana no ka hui like. Ma waena o nā moʻo o mua a me hope, he spine spine kā lākou e aneane hiki i ka nui o nā peʻa. A ʻo ka notochord hoʻi, i mālama ʻia i nā mea ʻelua i ke ola holoʻokoʻa.
He ʻauʻau maikaʻi ʻo Katran me kahi kino wīwī o ke kahawai. Manaʻo ʻia ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi loa no nā iʻa nui. Neʻe wikiwiki ia i ka wai ma muli o kāna huelo, e like me ka hoe, kōkua i ke kaulike ʻana i ka wai. Kōkua ke kualapa cartilaginous a me nā peʻa nui e hana i nā neʻe oscillatory a hoʻonui i ka wikiwiki.
ʻO ke kino o ke katran, kūpono no ka hopu holoholona, uhi ʻia me nā unahi palaunu hina hina me nā niho ʻoi. ʻAʻohe o kahi iwi i loko o ke kino o kahi manō, aia wale nō kahi iwi iwi kolohe e hiki ai ke dexterous a me ka nimble. Kōkua nui kēia iwi iwi i nā mea e māmā ai ke kaupaona o ka mea ʻai kai, me ka nānā ʻole i ka makahiki.
Ma luna o nā maka, aia nā mea ulu liʻiliʻi i hoʻopili ʻia. Kapa ʻia lākou he mau lau. ʻO ka manō, e like me nā lunamakaʻāinana ʻē aʻe, he waha nui a kiko hoʻi kona i ke ʻano o ka crescent a me nā lālani o nā niho e like me nā ʻiʻo. Hoʻokahi-vertex lākou a hoʻonohonoho ʻia i nā lālani he nui.
Kōkua lākou iā ia, ma ke ʻano he hahai holoholona maikaʻi, e hana koke me ka mea pio a ʻo ia ka mea kaua nui. Mālama ikaika ʻo ia i ka mea pio me kāna mau niho nui, a ʻaʻole ia e ale holoʻokoʻa. ʻO nā niho wale nō ka mea i hana ʻia me ka iwi. ʻO ke koena o ke kino ka cartilage a me kaʻiʻo.
Kāhea pinepine ʻia ʻo Katrana he ʻīlio kai a i ʻole he manō prickly.
ʻAʻole ale ka manō i ka mea pio, akā, ʻoki pono iā ia me nā niho he nui. Nui aʻe nā maka, e like me nā pihi aniani. He maka maikaʻi loa kāna. ʻOkoʻa ia mai nā iʻa ʻē aʻe i ka nele o kahi anal fin a me nā uhi ʻeā. Hōʻike maikaʻi ʻole ʻia nā ʻano moekolohe, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia e ka nui - nānā pinepine ka wahine ma mua o ke kāne.
Mano Katran ʻike ʻia no ka hiki ʻole ke ʻike iki i ka ʻeha. Hiki iā ia ke kiʻi i nā alapine haʻahaʻa o nā mea pono a ʻike i nā pilau. Mahalo i nā puka ihu e komo ana i ka waha, hiki iā ia ke ʻike i ka pilau o ka mea e hiki mai ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana, āna e hāʻawi ai mai ka makaʻu. Hiki iā ia ke honi i ke koko no mau mile he nui.
ʻO ke kala ʻeleʻele o ke kua, nā ʻaoʻao a me ke kala māmā o ka ʻōpū e kōkua iā ia e uhi iā ia iho ma lalo o ke kai. ʻAneʻane ʻole kēia e ʻike ʻia i loko o ka wai. I kekahi manawa aia kekahi ʻano o ka hina - kala metallic me nā kiko ʻeleʻele he nui. Holo maʻalahi i nā wahi wai. Kōkua kahi laina pili ʻino iā ia i kēia, e ʻae ana i ka iʻa e ʻike i nā haʻalulu iki o ka wai.
Ma waena o nā manō, ʻo ka katran ka liʻiliʻi loa
Nā ʻano
ʻO ka katran kahi lunamakaʻāinana koʻikoʻi o ke ʻano like me ka katran a no ka ʻohana manō spiny. ʻO lākou ka lua ma ka helu o ka lakio helu i waena o nā ʻano āpau. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā iʻa palekana a liʻiliʻi hoʻi.
ʻO kā lākou hiʻohiʻona nui ka ʻole o kahi fin fin a me ke kū ʻana o nā dorsal ʻelua. Hanu kēlā mau manō me ke kōkua o nā kaha gill. ʻO nā wehewehe mua o kēia ʻano i hana ʻia e ka ʻepekema Karl Liney i ka waena o ke kenekulia 18.
Aia ma luna o 25 mau ʻano. I waena o lākou:
- manō ʻīlio;
- Japanese katran;
- katran hema;
- Mano manō Kuba;
- katran ihu pōkole;
- katero huelo ʻeleʻele;
- manō manō Mitskuri.
Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka nohona, loaʻa iā lākou kā lākou lāhui subgroup.
ʻ .iwi kai ʻeleʻele kai ʻeleʻele - ʻO kēia wale nō ka lāhui e noho nei i ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o ka Russian Federation. Noho no nā kenekulia he nui i ka wahi o ke Kai ʻEleʻele. Ma muli o ke ʻano mālie a me ka nui o nā meaʻai, ʻoluʻolu ka iʻa. I ke Kai ʻEleʻele, hiki ke loaʻa iā lāua ma ka ʻili o ka wai a me ka mānoanoa. Akā loaʻa kēia ʻano manō i nā kai a me nā moana ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia wale nō ka nui o ka heluna kanaka e noho nei i ka ʻeleʻele.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Noho ʻo Katran ʻaneʻane ma loko o ke kino holoʻokoʻa. Noho kokoke i ke kahakai i kahi hohonu pāpaʻu. ʻAʻole makemake ʻo ia i loko o ke anuanu a i ʻole ka wai mehana.
ʻO Habitat - ke aupuni o ka pōʻeleʻele o ka wahi kai kahakai. Makemake i ka hohonu mai 100 a 200 mita. Inā hoʻomaka ka wai e hōʻalili, a laila piʻi aʻe kokoke i ka ʻili. ʻO ka makemake ʻole i ke anuanu ʻaʻole ʻae iā ia e ʻau i ke kahakai o Antarctica a ma luna o ka Scandinavian Peninsula.
Hiki ke ʻike wale ʻia ma ka papa i ka pō. Hoʻohālikelike like ke ʻano o ka mea ʻai kai i loko o ka wai hou a wai hoʻi. Hoʻopuka kona kino i kahi mea e hoʻoponopono ai i ka wai paʻakai.
ʻO ka pinepine, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka iʻa:
- i ka Moana Pākīpika;
- Ke Kai ʻInikia;
- Kai Kaiwaenahonua;
- Ke Kai ʻEleʻele;
- ma kahakai o ka ʻAkelanika;
- ma ke kahakai hema o Nūhōlani a me Australia;
- ma kahakai o ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia.
Ma ke kua o ke katran aia nā kākalaioa me ka mucus ʻino
Kūpaʻa ʻo ia a ʻoluʻolu like i ka ʻĀleʻele a me ke kai Bering, Barents a me Okhotsk. I kekahi manawa ʻauʻau i ke Kai Keʻokeʻo. ʻOiai makemake ʻo Katran e noho kokoke i ke kapakai, hiki i nā huakaʻi hele lōʻihi e ʻimi i ka meaʻai. I ka ʻimi ʻana i nā pio hiki i nā ʻīlio kai ke luku i nā iʻa kalepa, hōʻino i nā ʻupena lawaiʻa, a me ka ʻūlū ma nā mea kaua. No laila, makemake ʻole ka poʻe iā lākou.
Hoihoi i weliweli ka manō katran no ke kanaka, a laila ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia nā hihia e hoʻouka kaua inā hoʻopā ʻia. He ʻano maluhia ia ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli. ʻAʻole ia e hoʻopā i ka poʻe i loko o ka wai.
Akā, inā hoʻāʻo ʻoe e lawe iā ia e ka huelo a i ʻole hahau iā ia, hiki ke nahu. He mea weliweli nō hoʻi ke hoʻopā iā ia no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kākalaioa ʻoi loa e hōʻeha iā ʻoe. Eia kekahi, hūnā lākou i ka huhū ʻino, kahi e komo ai i loko o ke koko o ke kanaka, hiki ke hana i ka pehu koʻikoʻi.
Hiki i ka mea ʻino ke loaʻa iā ia iho i kahi kūlana weliweli a lilo i pio o nā manu nui. Makemake nā ʻōpua kai e hoʻouka iā ia. Ke hāpai nei i ka manō ma luna o ka wai, lawe lima lākou iā ia i kai, a i mea e maʻalahi ai ke kuʻi ʻana ma hope, ku lākou i ka pōhaku.
ʻO kekahi ʻenemi o ka manō ka iʻa hedgehog. Hoʻokahi manawa i ka ʻāʻī, paʻa ʻo ia i loko e pili ana i nā nila, no ka hopena o ka make ʻana o ka manō insatiable i ka pōloli. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka makaʻu nui loa i ka katran kahi iʻa ʻaihue, ka kohola kohola. Ua hoʻouka aku i kahi manō, ʻimi ʻo ia e huli iā ia ma ke kua i mea e maʻalahi ai ke kāʻe aku i ka mea pio.
Hoʻopilikia i ka helu o nā laha a me ka poʻe e hoʻohana ana i kaʻiʻo a kater ake ate no ka mea ʻai. ʻOno ka ʻiʻo o Katran, palupalu a olakino hoʻi no ka meaʻai. ʻAʻole like me nā manō ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe ona ʻaʻano amonia. Hoʻonui ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe ma ka mākeke ma mua o ka ʻai herring a ʻaʻole ʻoi aku i lalo o ka paʻa i ka ʻono.
ʻAiʻai Pono
ʻAʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia ka manō katran he predator weliweli, akā i kēlā mau wahi kahi nui kona alo, ua nui ka pōʻino i ka lawaiʻa ʻana. Luku ʻia nā iʻa kalepa. ʻO Katran, e like me nā manō a pau, pololi loa a pololi mau.
Loaʻa kēia i ka mea e hiki ai ke hanu, pono ʻo ia e neʻe mau. Pau kēia i ka nui o ka ikehu, kahi āna e pani ai me ka ʻaina pau ʻole. No ka māʻona i ka pōloli, ʻimi ia i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a me nā kaulike, e alakaʻi nei i kahi nohona kula. Hiki iā ia:
- sprats;
- ʻakaʻakai;
- cod,
- ʻalekona;
- heleuma;
- hānai manu;
- ʻōhumu;
- pāpaʻi;
- limu;
- heʻe;
- anemone
Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka iʻa no ka meaʻai, ʻai ka manō spiny: jellyfish, heʻe, ʻōpae, pāpaʻi, limu. Ua ʻike nā ʻepekema hiki i ke katrans ke hana pū i nā hipa e ʻimi i nā dolphins. Lilo ka hope i ka liʻiliʻi ma kahi o ka nui o ka manō.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Katrana i nā kenekulia. ʻO ke ola ke ola ma kahi o 25 mau makahiki. E kuhikuhi ana i nā ʻano iʻa ovoviviparous. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ka hoʻokumu ʻia o kā lākou mau hua, akā ʻaʻole i waiho. Hiki i nā kāne ke oʻo i ka moekolohe ma 11 mau makahiki. I kēia manawa, he lōʻihi ko lākou ma kahi o 1 m.
Ua oʻo iki nā wahine - ma ka makahiki 20. Lilo ke kau moʻo i ka puna. ʻO ke kaʻina o ka hāpai ʻana i nā hua ma o ka moʻa ʻana i loko. No kēia, hele ka katrans i kahi hohonu o 40 mika. ʻO ka hopena, ʻike ʻia nā hua i nā oviduct o ka wahine. Hele mai lākou ma kahi o 4 cm ke anawaena. Aia i loko o nā capsule a hiki i 22 mau mahina. ʻO kēia ka manawa hānau lōʻihi loa i waena o nā manō a pau.
Hāʻawi kēia ala hānau i ka ulu ʻana o ka heluna kanaka Katran. ʻAe e pale i ka palai mai ka make i ke kahua o ka roe. Hiki i kahi kanaka ke hānau a 20 i ka manawa. Hānau ʻia lākou i ka puna. Kano nui mano i ka hānau ʻana ma kahi o 25 - 27 knm. I nā lā mua ka hānai ʻai mai ka ʻeke yolk, kahi e mālama ʻia ai kahi lako no lākou.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi, ʻaʻole pono nā pēpē i ka mālama kūikawā a me ka meaʻai. Mākaukau lākou e alakaʻi i ke ʻano maʻamau o ke ola o ka manō. ʻO ka mea wale nō a ka wahine e hana ai na lākou e koho i kahi no ka hānau ʻana o nā pēpē i ka wai pāpaʻu. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi iā lākou e kiʻi i ka meaʻai i ke ʻano o ka ʻai a me ka ʻōpae. Ke ulu a nui a ikaika ka ʻai, lawe ka makuahine iā lākou i kahi hohonu e noho ai nā iʻa nui.
ʻIkepili Hoihoi
Hoʻololi mau ka manō i ko lākou mau niho, ulu nā mea hou ma kahi o nā hāʻule. Kapa ʻia ʻo Katrans he monogamous. Nānā lākou i ka monogamy lōʻihi. He kuleana ko kēlā me kēia kāne, ma hope o ke koho ʻana i kāna hoa, e hānai i kāna wahine wale nō. He kakalaioa nui kona, ma ke ʻoki o ia, e like me kahi kumulāʻau, aia nā apo makahiki e hoʻoholo ai i ka makahiki.
ʻO nā unahi e like me ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o ka pepa one, akā ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi. I kekahi manawa hoʻopau ʻia ʻo Katrans i ke alualu ʻana i kā lākou ʻili, i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i ka wahie. Ma Kanada i nā makahiki 50 o ke kenekulia i hala, ua hoʻokumu ke aupuni i nā makana no ka luku ʻia o kēia laha. ʻO ke kumu ka hōʻino nui i ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa.
ʻO ka Katran ka manō mua i hopu ʻia no ka aila iʻa. Hana lākou i nā neʻe kau e ukali i nā kānāwai koʻikoʻi. Hoʻokumu nā manō i nā kula nui, i mahele ʻia i nā hui e ka moekolohe a me ka nui.
Ke hoʻokele, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomohala i ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, akā ʻaʻole ia e hana e hoʻolohi lohi. ʻO ka meaʻai manō pipiʻi nui loa kahi supā ono, i helu ʻia ma ka puke Guinness of Records. Hoʻomoʻa ʻia mai nā peʻa. Ma mua o ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻo ia iā ia, e hoʻopuni ana iā ia a e hoʻouka aku inā nāwaliwali ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia.
ʻO ke kumu waiwai o ka akepaʻa manō spiny, kiʻekiʻe, i ʻohi ʻia ma ke ʻano he kumu waiwai nui o ka aila iʻa a me nā huaora A a me D. ʻO ka pākēneka o kēia mau mea i ʻoi aku i nā ʻano cod.
I nā ʻāina ʻākau, hoʻohana ʻia nā hua manu katran, i loaʻa ka protein ma mua o nā hua moa. ʻOluʻolu nā gourmets hikina i kaʻiʻo katran. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolapalapa, kālua, puhi. Hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā papa ʻelua, balyk, nā mea ʻai kēne, palaoa, barbecue a me steak.
I ka lāʻau, hana ʻia nā lāʻau mai ka cartilage no ka poʻe e ʻeha nei i nā maʻi o ka ʻōiwi. Hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau palaha i nā spines, nā palaka, a me nā iwi o ke poʻo e hana i ke kaola.
ʻO Katran, ka manō ʻaʻole e hoʻouka mua i nā kānaka
Panina hopena
He mea kupaianaha kai Katran i ola mai ka wā kahiko. Ma waena o nā limu mānoanoa, hiki ke neʻe a maʻalahi hoʻi. ʻAʻole kēia wale ka iʻa hoihoi e nānā, akā he huahana meaʻai maikaʻi hoʻi, ʻaʻole like me nā mea ʻaihue like like ʻole.
Ua hoʻopau ʻia kāna lawaiʻa nui ʻana ma nā kapakai o ka Moana ʻAkelanika. ʻOiai kēia, ke emi nei ka helu o ka katran a aia ia ma ka papa inoa o nā holoholona e hoʻoweliweli ʻia nei e pau.
