ʻO nā mea ma mua o nā moku kaua o kēia manawa nā holoholona kahiko i noho ma ka honua i nā makahiki i hala. Ua ʻokoʻa lākou i kā lākou mau palena, hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia kekahi o nā mea nui loa me kahi ʻelepani, a ʻo nā mea liʻiliʻi ka nui o ka bipi. Hoikehonua moku kaua, ʻo ka mea nui loa, he mau palena liʻiliʻi kona. Ka lōʻihi ma kahi o 1.5 m, ke kaumaha ma mua o 60 kg.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Armadillo, holoholona, i loaʻa kona inoa mai ka pūpū e uhi i ke kino. ʻO kēia kapa kila, me nā pā iwi, i ʻae i ko lākou mau kūpuna kahiko e ola.
Pili ʻo Armadillos i ke ʻano o nā holoholona, kahi e hoʻohui ai i kona mau ʻelele me kahi hanana kuʻina o nā niho, a ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo ke ʻoka o edentious. I kēia manawa, aia ma kahi o iwakālua mau ʻano o kēia mau kānaka a me nā moʻokūʻauhau 9, i hui ʻia i nā hui aʻe:
- Bristly;
- Paʻa-paʻa;
- Kinipōpō;
- Nui;
- ʻAi ʻia.
He holoholona clumsy nā kānaka āpau me ka muzzle elongated a me nā pepeiao kūʻē nui. Mālama ka pūpū ikaika i ka ʻaoʻao luna o ke kino o ka holoholona; pili ia i nā pā paʻa i uhi ʻia me ka papa keratinized o ka ʻili.
Kōkua kēia mau mea āpau i ka pale ʻana i nā holoholona lele. Aia nā papa ma nā poʻohiwi a me nā pūhaka. Ma ke kua, he mau kāʻei lākou, ma waena o lākou he ʻili lola, e ʻae ai i nā holoholona e wili i ka pōpō inā pilikia.
ʻO ke poʻo, nā poʻo o nā wāwae a me ka hiʻu e pale ʻia hoʻi e ka mea kaua. No laila, ʻo ka hapa palupalu o ka holoholona ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ke kino, nona ka lauoho bristly wale nō.
ʻO nā wāwae i mua a i hope hoʻi mai 3 a 5 mau manamana lima a me nā māiʻuʻu ʻoi nui e kōkua i nā holoholona e ʻeli i ka lepo, wehe i nā anthills a me nā puʻu termite. ʻAʻole maikaʻi nā maka o nā holoholona a ʻike ʻole i nā kala i nā mea āpau, akā ʻike maikaʻi lākou i ka pilau a me ka hoʻolohe maikaʻi.
Kōkua kēia i ka ʻike ʻana i nā lunamaka o ka genus, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻike e pili ana i ka mākaukau o ka wahine ʻē aʻe e hānau hou. Aia ke kala o ka leho i ke ʻano o ka armadillo a hiki mai ke ʻano melemele a i ʻole nā brown brown i nā leo pinkish-hina.
Nā ʻano
Aia kekahi mau ʻano o kēia mau holoholona na ka ʻohana Armadillo, i waena o lākou:
1. ʻO ka poʻo poʻo - ʻo kēia ʻano he medium medium, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma kahi o 35-80 cm, ke kaumaha o ke kino - 36-40 kg. ʻO kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka laha ka huelo o ka holoholona; ʻaʻole i pale ʻia e nā ulu iwi.
He ʻumikūmākahi mau makahiki ke ola ma kona wahi maoli, a ʻo ka helu o ke ola i ka lawe pio ʻana he haʻahaʻa loa ia. He muzzles ākea kā nā holoholona me nā pepeiao kū pololei. He 5 mau manamana lima ko kēlā me kēia lālā, me ka waena i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ke koena. Uhi ʻia ke kino me nā papa hoʻoneʻe 9-13. ʻEleʻele ke kala, ʻaneʻane ʻeleʻele.
2. ʻEiwa mau kāʻei - ka mea kaulana a aʻo maikaʻi ʻia hoʻi. ʻO Habitat - ākea, hāʻawi ʻia ʻaʻole ma ka hapa nui o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, akā ma Mekiko hoʻi. Hoʻololi kūpono ka holoholona i ke kaiapuni, no laila ʻike ʻia ma nā wahi āpau.
Aloha e ʻeli i nā lua ma nā kahawai kokoke i nā ululāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau, hiki ke ʻau i kahi mamao. No kēia hiʻohiʻona ua kāhea ʻia moku kaua moana, holoholona hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i kona hanu a hiki i ka 5-7 mau minuke.
3. Bristly - he hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona ka liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma mua o 45 knm. Kaona - 3.5-3 kg, ke ola ke ola ma kahi o 10 mau makahiki. Uhi ʻia ke kino i nā scute granular a nui ka lauoho. He kala ʻeleʻele māmā o ka holoholona. Hōʻike ʻia i ka wā o ke ao a me ka pō. ʻAi lākou i ke kino, nā ilo a me nā kolo. Hāpai lākou i 2 mau manawa i ka makahiki, hāpai ʻole ka hāpai ʻana.
4. Kanaka nunui a pilikua paha - ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 1m, a ʻo ka huelo he 50 knm. ʻO ke kaumaha i 60 kg, he holoholona ka like o ka holoholona a me nā pepeiao ākea, a ʻo ka helu o nā niho i loaʻa ʻole nā aʻa i 100 mau ʻāpana. Loaʻa i nā kula ākea, nā sabana a me nā ululāʻau.
5. Frilled - loaʻa pinepine ma waena o Argentina, Bolivia, Chile. Noho lākou i nā kula maloʻo me nā lāʻau ʻoʻoi. ʻEleu i ka pouli. ʻO kahi kanaka makua moekolohe he lōʻihi kona kino me ka ʻole o kahi huelo o 10 cm, kahi huelo - 2-3 cm. ʻO kēia moku kaua i kiʻi ʻia ʻo ka nānā liʻiliʻi a pale ʻole paha.
ʻO kona ʻano mai nā leo ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo i nā aka kukū ʻeleʻele. Kaona - 80-90 gr., Hoʻohui pono ʻia nā poʻo liʻiliʻi, oblong a me nā forelimbs ikaika no ka ʻeli ʻana i nā lua. Noho ka holoholona i ka hapa nui o kona manawa ma lalo o ka honua. Hoʻoweliweli ʻia kēia ʻano me ka luku ʻia.
A aia kekahi ʻano dwarf, ko lākou kino kino he 26-35 cm, ke kaumaha ma kahi o 1 kg. ʻAneʻane mau nā holoholona i kahi mau loa, kākaʻikahi loa ka ʻike ʻana iā lākou i kahi hui liʻiliʻi, ala lākou a ʻimi maʻamau i ka lā. Noho lākou i ka lepo one mehana a ʻeli i nā lua liʻiliʻi. I nā manawa weliweli, hoʻokokoke loa ka holoholona i ka honua a kaomi i kona mau lālā i loko o ka pūpū.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
ʻAʻole maopopo maopopo i nā ʻepekema ka helu nui o nā laha. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā holoholona i ka pō, akā hiki ke hoʻololi i kā lākou hana i ka lewa a me ka makahiki o ka armadillo. Hiki i nā ʻōpio ke puka aʻe mai nā lua mai i kakahiaka nui a i ʻole kokoke i ka ʻaina awakea. I ke kau anuanu, hana pū nā holoholona i ka lā.
Makemake nā holoholona i ka noho hoʻokahi a pālua wale ʻia i kekahi manawa. Noho lākou i ka hapa nui o ka lā i nā lua, a i ka pō hele lākou i waho e ʻai. Holo mālie lākou a akahele hoʻi, kū pinepine e honi ka ea.
ʻIke iki kā lākou ala hele. Kau ka wāwae wāwae ma ka wāwae, a ʻo ka wāwae mua ma ka piko o nā māiʻuʻu. Hoʻopilikia pū kekahi pūpū mānoanoa me ka neʻe wikiwiki ʻana, akā i ka hopena o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana e nā mea ʻino, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomohala i ka wikiwiki a hūnā koke i loko o kahi lua a i ʻole ka nāhelehele mānoanoa.
Hāʻule pinepine ʻo Armadillos i nā holoholona like ʻole: nā ʻīlio hae, nā coyote, nā bea, nā lynxes a me nā jaguars. Alualu pū ka poʻe iā lākou, hoʻopau ʻia nā holoholona no ka ʻiʻo palupalu, kahi e ʻono ai i ka puaʻa a me kahi pūpū paʻakikī paʻakikī, hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka hana ʻana i nā mea kani mele.
ʻO ka homeland o ka holoholona ʻo Latin America, akā noho ka moku kaua ma ʻAmelika Hema, Waena a me ʻAkau ʻĀkau a me Mexico. I loko o kekahi mau ʻāina, aia ka holoholona i lalo o ka pale o ka mokuʻāina, a ua helu ʻia kekahi mau ʻano i loko o ka Red Book, akā eia nō naʻe ke hoʻomau nei i ka luku ʻia. ʻOiaʻiʻo nō kēia o nā ʻano pilikua, i lilo i laha ʻole loa. I loko o kahi pola, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā poʻe liʻiliʻi, mai 18 a 80 cm ka lōʻihi.
Meaʻai kūpono
Hiki iā mākou ke kāhea wiwo ʻole i kēia mau holoholona omnivores. Hoʻokumu ʻia kā lākou papaʻai i nā ʻano ʻelala a me nā ʻūlū, akā hiki i nā armadillos ke ʻai pū i ka mea kanu a i ʻole ka ʻoki. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo nā nīnū a me nā poʻe anay he mea ʻono kūikawā; ʻeli nā holoholona iā lākou me kā lākou mau wāwae wāwae
Hiki i nā laha nui ke haki i nā ʻōpala a i nā puʻu termite paha, a laila ʻohi i ka mea pio me ko lākou alelo lōʻihi. Ma muli o ka nui salivary glands aia i ka iwi ā lalo a hiki i ka sternum, uhi mau ʻia ke alelo me ka hua. I hoʻokahi manawa, ʻai ka holoholona i 35 a hiki i nā ʻelala.
ʻAʻole makaʻu ʻo Armadillos i nā nahu ant, hoʻowahāwahā lākou i nā anthills a ʻai i nā larva. Mahalo i ko lākou ʻano hoʻomohala maikaʻi, honi lākou i ka mea pio ma lalo o ka honua. ʻAi kekahi ʻano i nā invertebrates liʻiliʻi i nā mahina mehana a ʻai pū paha i nā hua. I kekahi manawa hoʻopihapiha lākou i kā lākou papaʻai me nā hua manu a kūkulu i nā pūnana ma ka honua.
ʻAʻole hiki i nā ʻepekema ke ʻike maopopo he aha ka nui o nā niho o kēlā me kēia ʻano armadillo. ʻIke ʻia ʻaʻole ikaika loa kā lākou mau ā, a pili ʻole nā niho kuʻi ʻia a uhi ʻole ʻia me ka enamel.
Ua wehewehe ʻia kēia ʻano e ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka ʻai ʻana o nā holoholona i ka meaʻai palupalu, ka mea i hoʻoulu ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao mua i uhi ʻia me nā pā paʻakikī. Hoʻokahi aʻa a me ka ulu o nā niho i ke ola o ka holoholona.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
ʻOiai ʻo ka armadillos no ka hui o nā māmela, ʻo lākou ka placental. Hoʻokumu wale ʻia ka placenta i ka wā hāpai, ma o ia mea e komo ai nā meaola i ke kino o ka embryo, hoʻopiha ʻia nā hunaola me ka oxygen a hana ʻia nā homona ke kuleana no ka ulu ʻana o ka fetus.
Hāʻule ke kau moʻo i ke kau mahana, pinepine i Iulai, i kēia manawa mākaukau nā wahine no ka hānau ʻana. Kū ka manaʻo ma ka moekolohe ʻana a hoʻokahi wale nō hua manu i hoʻouluulu ʻia.
I ka wā mua loa, noho ka embryo i loko o ka kōpū ma kahi o 3-3.5 mau mahina, a laila ulu ka implantation a ulu ka ʻōpū no 4 mau mahina. Pono ka hoʻopaneʻe implantation e hōʻoia i ke ola maikaʻi no nā keiki.
Hānau ʻia nā pōpō i ka wā mua o ka ulu, ua hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia lākou a hiki ke neʻe kūʻokoʻa i loko o kekahi mau hola ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. Palupalu ke carapace o nā pēpē, a ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā ʻōpio ke paʻakikī loa.
I loko o nā mahina mua, noho nā keiki hānau hou me ka makuahine, nāna lākou e hānai iā lākou me ka waiū umauma. Eia hou, ua haʻalele nā keiki makua i ka lua a hoʻomaka i ke aʻo ʻana i nā meaʻai a nā mākua. Hoʻopau piha ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻana e 3-4 mau makahiki, ke kaukaʻi ʻia i ka wahine.
Hoʻololi ka lōʻihi o ke ola o nā holoholona mai 7 a 20 mau makahiki, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke ola i ka pio ʻana ma mua o nā kūlana kūlohelohe. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka helu o ke ola o nā ʻōpio. Hoʻopili ʻia ke ola i ke kūlohelohe e nā mea aʻe:
- Nā kūlana aniau - ka maloʻo, kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa paha ke mahana i hiki i ka make ʻana o nā holoholona ʻōpio.
- ʻO nā holoholona holoholona he mea nui e hoʻonui i ka helu make o nā keiki i loaʻa kahi pūpū palupalu a me ka ʻole o ka ikaika o ke kino.
- Maʻi - Nā maʻi ʻino e hoʻemi loa i ke ola.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e alualu ka poʻe iā lākou a luku hoʻi i ko lākou wahi noho e hoʻoliʻiliʻi nui i ka nui a me ka lōʻihi o ke ola.
ʻO nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i ka moku kaua
ʻAmelika armadillo he waiwai waiwai nui o nā mea kupaianaha.
- Moe lākou a 14-19 mau hola i ka lā.
- ʻIke lākou i nā mea āpau i ka ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo.
- Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopaʻa i ko lākou hanu, no laila peʻe lākou mai nā mea ʻino ma ka lalo o ka waihona wai, ma o lākou e neʻe ai i ka wāwae.
- ʻO lākou wale nā māmela i loaʻa i ka maʻi lepera.
- ʻAʻole lākou makaʻu i ka poʻe, a hiki ke piʻi i loko o nā hale e ʻimi nei i ka meaʻai.
- Hiki i nā wahine ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole ke hoʻolohi i ka ulu ʻana o ka hāpai keiki.
- Ke ʻeli kahi holoholona i kahi lua, ʻaʻole ia e hanu, i ʻole e komo ka honua i ka hanu hanu.
- Loaʻa kahi ʻala maikaʻi loa o nā mākua, hiki iā lākou ke honi i ka mea pio a hiki i kahi mamao o 10-15 cm ma lalo o ka honua.
- ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka māiʻuʻu ma ka manamana waena o ka nunui armadillo i 18 cm. Hiki i ka holoholona ke haehae i ka ʻili paʻa o nā lāʻau a me nā puʻu termite i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai.
- ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka armadillos ma mua o ka hōʻeha. Hoʻopau lākou i nā lehulehu o nā mea kanu ahulau.
- Hiki i nā lua o nā holoholona ke hohonu a lawa, a hiki i 5-7 mau mika, loaʻa iā lākou nā lālā a me nā ala ʻokoʻa, a uhi ʻia ka lalo o ka hale me nā lau maloʻo.
- ʻO nā kāne, ke hōʻoia nei i ko lākou kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka wahine ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻonohonoho i nā hakakā. Hoʻāʻo lākou e kīkē i ka hoa paio ma ko lākou kua i mea e komo ai i nā wahi pale ʻole loa.
ʻIke ʻia ke kūkulu nei ka bradly armadillo i kona noho ʻana me ke kōkua ʻole o nā māiʻuʻu ʻoi, akā me kona poʻo. Hoʻokomo ka holoholona iā ia i loko o ka lepo a hoʻomaka e huli, me he mea lā e kolo ana i loko. No laila, ʻaʻole ia e ʻeli wale i kahi lua, akā loaʻa pū i ka meaʻai i ka manawa like.
