Ma waena o nā ʻano manu ʻokoʻa ʻole, noho ka ʻohana penguin i kahi wahi kūikawā. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke lele a ke nānā aku e like me nā dolphins, keu hoʻi keʻauʻau lākou i ka wai. Eia nō naʻe, ma kahi o kahi ʻili palaualelo, uhi ʻia lākou me ka plumage, ʻelua mau ʻēheu pōkole a moe i nā hua. No laila, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he manu.
ʻEkolu mau kumu kumu i hiki mai ka huaʻōlelo "penguin". Hoʻokahi - mai ka inoa o ka ʻaukelea make ʻole i noho ma kahakai hikina o Kanada ("pen g waena" - poʻo keʻokeʻo, wahi a Welsh).
Ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o Antarctica, ua kapa ʻia lākou ʻo "penguins". ʻO nā luina, e ʻike nei no ka manawa mua ma ka Hemakele Hema ʻo nā manu ʻeleʻele a me nā manu keʻokeʻo, huki i ka manaʻo i ka like me nā aukā ʻole eheu. ʻO kēia paha ke kumu i bapetizo ʻia ai lākou pēlā.
Aia kekahi mana o ke kumu mai ka huaʻōlelo Pelekane "pinwing" - "wing-hairpin". ʻO kēia wale nō hoʻi, i ka manawa i kuhikuhi ʻia i ka ʻaukā ʻole eheu, ʻo kāna ʻēheu ia ʻoi. ʻO ke koho ʻekolu mai ka huaʻōlelo Latina "pinguis", ʻo ia hoʻi "mānoanoa". Ma ka liʻiliʻi ua hōʻoia ʻia kēia mana e kahi kino manu hānai maikaʻi.
ʻO kēia ʻohana, ka mea kupaianaha loa penguins imperial aliʻi... Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine mākou i ke kāhea ʻana iā lākou he maʻalahi - nā penguins mōʻī. Hōʻike lākou i nā ʻano like a like loa, i nā ʻano like ʻole.
Kāhea nui ʻia lākou ma muli o ko lākou kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka mea nui ka mea nui, ʻo nā aliʻi nui kekahi, ʻoiai ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka mua. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kā lākou plumage hanohano a me ke kūlana hanohano i hoʻohuli i ka inoa.
Hoʻokomo ʻo Penguins i nā wāwae pōkole me ka leʻaleʻa a me ka hoʻomākeʻaka, kahi e hauʻoli ai iā mākou. Hoʻopili ʻia mākou e ko lākou ala o ka hoʻokalakupua ʻana ma nā ākea hau o Antarctica, a me ko lākou mau ʻeheu liʻiliʻi, e like me nā lima, a pehea lākou e paʻi ai iā lākou iho ma nā ʻaoʻao me lākou.
ʻAleʻale loa nā keiki liʻiliʻi i ka hau a me ka hau, e like me nā mea holo. ʻO kēia mea kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi a ʻano ʻokoʻa hoʻi i huki pinepine i ka manaʻo o nā mea kākau, nā mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me nā animator. Hoʻomanaʻo mākou i ke katuna Kepani kupaianaha "The Adventures of Lolo the Penguin", i paʻi ʻia i ka makahiki 1986-87.
Ua lanakila koke ʻo ia i ke aloha a puni ka honua. Aia pū kekahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni kaulana loa "Catch the Wave!" e pili ana i nā manu hoʻonani like. Aloha kā mākou poʻe keiki iā penguin ʻo Pina, ke koa o "Smeshariki". A hui pū kekahi hui o nā penguins i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni kaulana ʻo Madagascar.
Ma nā ʻāina Antarctic, ʻo kā lākou kiʻi ka lua o ka kaulana i ke kiʻi o ke Keʻa Hema. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka penguin ma nā hae a me nā hōʻailona, ma nā moni a me nā mekala, ma nā peʻa a me nā leka uila. Aia kekahi lāʻau ʻo Pittsburgh Penguins ma ka NHL. ʻO ka penguin liʻiliʻi ka hōʻailona o ka ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana Linux.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
King penguin hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1 m. He lahilahi kona a ʻoi aku ka nani ma mua o ka imperial. Melemele-melemele ke kala nuku. ʻO King Penguin Kaumaha mai 9 a 17 kg. Liʻiliʻi iki ka wahine, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kāne. ʻEleʻele ke poʻo o ka manu. Ma nā ʻaoʻao, kokoke i ka hope o ke poʻo, aia nā wahi ʻalani alohilohi me kahi aniani melemele.
Ua pena ʻia ka ʻāʻī i ke kala like, ma ke ʻano o ka frill, ma ka pākela ʻoi aku ka mālamalama, ma lalo o ka paler, e hoʻomālamalama iki i keʻokeʻo. Keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū o ka manu. ʻEleʻele ke kua a me nā wīwī me ka sheen silvery, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻaoʻao luna a me lalo o ke kino e kahi ʻāpana ʻeleʻele.
Paʻapū ke kino, me ka mānoanoa ma ka waena, ʻoiʻoi ma luna. Liʻiliʻi ke poʻo, liʻiliʻi ka nuku, pololei, ikaika, me nā kihi ʻoi. ʻO nā ʻeheu e like me nā ʻili, ʻo ka hulu ma luna o lākou e like me ka unahi. He polū pouli nā pā, me ka pūnaewele pūnaewele no ka ʻauʻau ʻana.
Hiki i ka haumāna o ka maka ke ʻaelike a hoʻonui ākea loa, no laila ʻike pono ka manu i ka wai, ʻoiai ka hohonu o 100 m. Pālahalaha ke kole o ka maka, a lilo lākou i myopic liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻāina. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā pepeiao, e like me nā manu āpau.
Ke luʻu ʻana, uhi ʻia lākou me nā hulu lōʻihi i ʻole e komo ka wai i loko. Kamaʻilio lākou ma ka ʻāina e hoʻohana ana i nā leo e like me ka ratchet a me ka pepeiaohao paipu. Hāmau ka kamaʻilio ʻana ma lalo o ka wai.
ʻO King penguin i kiʻi ʻia - kanaka ʻaukake maoli. ʻAno like kona plumage me kahi kapa. ʻO ke kūlana me ke poʻo e paʻa i luna a me ke ʻano o ke kino e hoʻokūpī i ka hanohano. ʻOiai i ke ʻano o ke anuanu polar, ola kēia kamaʻāina o nā latitude Hema ma muli o ka plumage multi-layered.
Hiki ke helu ʻia i kēia mau papa a ʻehā, ua lahilahi lākou, a ʻo ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa o lākou e hoʻopiha ʻia me ka momona, no laila, pale ʻole i ka wai hau. Hoʻohana ʻia ka lalo ʻekolu no ka hoʻonānu wela. Wetsuit kupaianaha.
ʻAʻohe o ka hulu i ka hulu o luna, a ʻo nā mea ʻekolu he ʻāpana huluhulu mehana. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka pēpē, akā ʻaʻole ia e mālama iā ia i ka wai. No laila, ʻaʻole lākou e komo i ka wai hau o Antarctica a ʻelua mau makahiki paha.
Hiki i kēia mea ola ke inu i ka wai paʻakai. ʻAʻole lawa ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka hau e pau ai ka make wai o nā haneli he haneli mau tausani o nā kolone. Paʻakiki loa ka hau, paʻakikī e haki iā ia me ka nuku. No laila, mālama ka kūlohelohe i nā mea kupaianaha.
Ua hāʻawi ʻo ia iā lākou i nā glands kūikawā ma ka pae o ka maka e kānana i ke koko mai ka paʻakai. Kipaku lākou i ka paʻakai ma o nā puka ihu i ke ʻano o ka hopena ikaika e kulu mai ka nuku o ka penguin.
Pēlā nō hoʻi, ʻae ʻo ka physiology iā ia ʻaʻole e ka hou a ʻaʻole e hoʻokuʻu i ka mimi. Hoʻololi lākou iā ia me ka waikawa uric i ke ʻano o kahi wai keʻokeʻo ʻōpua. He akahele loa kā kēia mau manu i ka wai.
ʻAno Penguin
Loaʻa i ka ʻohana penguin he 18 mau ʻano. ʻO ko lākou kūlana maʻamau ka hiki ʻole ke lele. Weliweli ma ka ʻāina, ʻauʻau maikaʻi lākou. ʻO nā lālā o mua e like me nā flip i kēlā me kēia. E noʻonoʻo i nā ʻano kaulana loa:
1. ʻO ka emperor penguin ka mea nui loa. Ua piʻi kona kiʻekiʻe i 1.2-1.4 m, ke kaumaha ma kahi o 23 kg. ʻEleʻele a keʻokeʻo ke ʻano o ka plumage me nā mea hoʻokomo ʻulaʻula ma nā papalina a me ka ʻāʻī. Hohonu hohonu, a i 500 m. Holo maʻamau lākou i kahi hui.
2. Adelie Penguin. ʻO kēia kahi lunamakaʻāinana o ke kiʻekiʻe waena, ma kahi o 70 cm, ke kaumaha a 7 kg. Hoʻopili i nā hulu keʻokeʻo a puni nā maka.
3. ʻO ka penguin crest ʻaʻole ia he ʻano penguin nui loa. Aia ʻo ia i 60 cm ke kiʻekiʻe a kaupaona a 3 kg. Ma luna o nā maka aia kahi ʻalani kala ʻōniʻoniʻo a kūpuna i nā hulu ʻeleʻele i ke poʻo ma ke ʻano o ka ʻāpana. ʻUlaʻula nā maka. Aia nā ʻelele ʻākau a me ka hema.
4. ʻAno nani ʻo Macaroni penguin. ʻAʻole kiʻekiʻe loa, ma lalo o 80 knm, aia nā hulu kala gula a puni nā maka a ma ke poʻo.
5. ʻO ka penguin liʻiliʻi ka liʻiliʻi loa o nā mea āpau. ʻO 40 cm wale nō kona kiʻekiʻe a kaupaona ma kahi o 1.5 kg. ʻO ka hulu ma ke kua, nā ʻeheu a me ke poʻo ʻaʻole ʻeleʻele, akā uliuli polū. He kāne ʻohana kūpaʻa ʻo ia i waena o nā penguins. Hoʻokumu i hoʻokahi pālua no ke ola. Noho nui lākou ma ka hema o ʻAukekulelia. ʻEli lākou ma nā kapa o ka lua. Luku pāpaʻu lākou, a i 50 m. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua no 30-40 mau lā.
6. Penguin maka maka melemele o ke kiʻekiʻe waena, ma kahi o 80 cm, ke kaumaha a 7 kg. Hoʻopuni ʻia nā maka e ka palena melemele. ʻUlaʻula nā pā a me ka nuku. Mai noho i nā hui. Kākaʻikahi loa lākou: ʻaneʻane ʻaneʻane 4,000 mau kāne makua i koe.
7. Chinstrap penguin a hiki i 70 cm ke kiʻekiʻe, ke kaumaha a 5 kg. Ma ka pāpale poʻo o kahi poʻo keʻokeʻo o ka hulu mai ka pepeiao a i ka pepeiao. 'Auʻau ma kahi mamao loa, hiki ke neʻe mai ka ʻāina a i 1000 km. Luu i ka hohonu o 250 m.
8. ʻO ka subantarctic a i ʻole gentoo penguin kahi manu nui aʻe. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe a 90 cm, ke kaumaha a 9 kg. Kaulana no ka maka keʻokeʻo a puni nā maka. Holo wikiwiki ia i lalo o ka wai, e hoʻomohala nei i ka wikiwiki a hiki i 36 km / h.
9. Kūʻokoʻa ʻo Galapagos Penguin i kona wahi noho. ʻO ia wale nō ka mea e noho kokoke i ka equator, e ʻau ana i ka wai mehana ma lalo o ka lā wela. Liʻiliʻi ka hiʻohiʻona, a hiki i 50 cm, ke kaumaha a hiki i 2.5 kg. Minamina, manaʻo ʻia kēia ʻano he mea weliweli. Aia ma kahi o he 2000 mau kāne makua i koe.
10. Penguin Spectacled, hoki hoki, ʻeleʻele wāwae a i ʻole ʻApelika. Kuhi ia e like me ka uē o ka hoki. Noho ma ʻApelika hema. ʻO ka ulu maʻamau, a hiki i 70 cm, ke kaumaha a 5 kg. Aia kahi ʻāpana lio lio ʻeleʻele ma ka ʻōpū. A puni nā maka i kahi hiʻohiʻona e like me nā aniani.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Noho ke aliʻi penguin ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Antarctica. ʻO kona homeland kahi mokupuni liʻiliʻi me kahi aniau kokoke i Antarctica a me nā mokupuni kokoke i Tierra del Fuego. Ma laila lākou e'ākoakoa ai i nā kolone, ola, hānau hou. Hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa i kekahi manawa ma ka hema o Chile a me Argentina.
Ma ka ʻāina, neʻe hewa lākou i nā wāwae ʻelua, kōkua iā lākou iho me nā ʻeheu liʻiliʻi, e like me nā lima. Akā i ke kai he kahaha nui lākou. Kōkua ko lākou kahulāʻau kahawai iā lākou e ʻauʻau wikiwiki i ka moana. Luu lākou a lana i ka papa i loko o ka ʻino ikaika loa. ʻO ke kumu o kā lākou ʻauʻau kai ka hopu holoholona.
Hopu lākou i ka wai i loko o ka wai - nā iʻa like ʻole, nā crustacea a me nā iʻa palupalu. ʻImi maʻamau lākou hoʻokahi, akā makemake lākou e noho i kahi hui. Aia ke aʻo a me ka hierarchy i ke kolone. ʻO ka wahi maikaʻi loa ma waenakonu, mahana a palekana ia.
He mea nui kēia e noho ai kēia mau manu ma ka ʻāina, akā he puka ākea i ke kai. ʻO nā ʻenemi weliweli loa i ke kūlohelohe no lākou nā leopadi sila, nā sila a me nā kohola kohola. Hiki ke hoʻouka ʻia nā pōpoki e nā skuas ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā petrel. Akā ʻoi aku ka weliweli a me ka weliweli no lākou ke kanaka nāna i alualu iā lākou no ka momona a me ka ʻiʻo, a no ka ʻili hoʻi kekahi.
Piʻi lākou i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki. ʻO ka hulu hou e like me ka mea e pahu ai i nā mea kahiko mai kona "kapa hulu". A laila ʻaʻole ʻauʻau nā manu a kali i ka molt i kahi mehameha. I kēia manawa, koi lākou e pōloli.
ʻAiʻai Pono
Aia ka papa kuhikuhi a ke aliʻi i ka iʻa a me ka iʻa. ʻO kā lākou kumu waiwai nui o ke kai. Hopu lākou i nā heleuma, Antarctic silverfish, herring, sardines, krill, shrimp, squid a me nā ʻano iʻa like ʻole.
I mea e ola ai i ke anuanu, pono lākou e ʻai maikaʻi. Ke noho nei i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa, hoʻopili lākou i ka papaʻai kūloko. ʻO kahi laʻana, lawaiʻa hou kekahi poʻe i nā crustacea, ʻoiai lākou e luʻu pinepine hou a lawa.
Hana lākou mai ka luʻu 190 a 800-900. Aia ia i ke aniau, nā meaʻai a me ke ʻano o ka penguin. ʻO nā manu e hānai i ka iʻa e hoʻohana i ka liʻiliʻi o ka ikehu e ʻimi holoholona. Hānai lākou i ka mea pio liʻiliʻi i loko o ko lākou waha e like me ka pauma, me ka wai. I ka wā o molting a i ʻole incubation o nā moa, koi lākou e pōloli. A laila a hiki i ka hapalua o ke kaumaha o ke kino e nalowale.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hāʻawi nui kēia mau manu i kahi ʻāpana nui o ko lākou ola i ka hānau ʻana. I ke kauwela a i ʻole ke kauwela hoʻomaka, hoʻi lākou i kā lākou mau pūnaewele pūnana kahiko, a mai ia manawa e ulu ai ka hana moʻa ikaika. Ola nā penguins King i ka wā hānau ma nā hui lehulehu.
Hoʻopili pū lākou a pau ma hoʻokahi ʻāpana o ka ʻāina, a ʻo nā mea kūpono ʻole e hele i loko o ka wai. Kū like nā manu ma ka honua e like me ka regiment o nā koa, ʻaʻole wale i nā lālani, akā i ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā ʻōpio - ma kahi hoʻokahi, molting - ma kahi ʻē aʻe, incubating wahine - i ke kolu, a me nā kāne - i ka hā.
ʻO lākou ka wā hānau hānau lōʻihi loa o kekahi manu. Lawe ʻia he 14-16 mau mahina mai ka male a me ka waiho hua i nā keiki. E hauʻoli hauʻoli kekahi mau penguins i kēlā me kēia makahiki, hana lākou i ka mea hiki no kēia, akā loaʻa pinepine iā lākou i kēlā me kēia 2 makahiki. I kekahi manawa ʻaʻole hiki i nā kāne ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka wahine.
A laila hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ka hakakā ma waena o nā mea noi. Akā noho mau ke koho me ka wahine. I ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kahi ʻelua, hana lāua i kahi hulahula male nani. ʻAʻole lākou i hana i nā pūnana, akā koho i nā wahi o ka ʻāina i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia mai ka hau no ka waiho ʻana. Ma laila lākou e ʻeli ai i nā lua hohonu i ka lepo paʻa.
ʻO kahi pūnana kahi lua a hiki ke hohonu loa. I kekahi manawa hoʻohui ʻia kēlā mau lua me kekahi e nā ala hele i lalo. ʻO nā ala laumania e alakaʻi i ka pūnaewele pūnana, e like me nā ala hele wāwae. Hoʻokau ka wahine i hoʻokahi hua manu ma kona mau wāwae, e hūnā ana ma lalo o nā pelu o ka ʻōpū.
A no 55 mau lā, mālama lākou me kona makuakāne iā ia ma kēia kūlana wale nō. Eia kekahi, hiki i kēia mau manu ke ʻaihue i nā hua mai kekahi i kekahi inā e pepehi ʻia kā lākou keiki ponoʻī. Nui loa ko lākou mākua mākua. No laila, kiaʻi ka poʻe me ke kiaʻi i kā lākou hua manu, i ke ao a me ka pō.
Āhea moa penguin aliʻi hānau, hele kekahi o nā mākua i ke kai e ʻimi ai i ka meaʻai. Noho ka lua a hoʻomehana iā ia me kona mehana. A paʻa kēia a aʻo ka pēpē e hoʻomehana i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka mahana o ke kino. Ulu ka pēpē ma lalo o ka mālama pono ʻana o ka makuahine. ʻO ke ola o nā manu i ka nāhelehele ma kahi o 20-25 mau makahiki. Me ka mālama maikaʻi i ka zoo, aia he mau kenekulia a hiki i 35 mau makahiki.
ʻIkepili Hoihoi
Luʻu hohonu ʻo Penguins no ka mea hiki ke ʻike maʻalahi i ka wai maikaʻi ʻole. Loaʻa i kā lākou haumāna i ka hiki kūikawā ke kuʻikahi a hoʻonui. ʻIke paha lākou i nā kukuna ultraviolet. Ke hōʻike nei i ka anamanaʻo o ka laulima pigment o ka haumāna i ka ʻike maikaʻi o ka hulu i ka ʻāpana polū o ka pae ma mua o ka ʻulaʻula. Maliʻa paha, ua kū mai kēia mākaukau ma muli o ka hopena o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka evolution.
Ua lohe ka poʻe he nui i ka moʻolelo satirical a Mikhail Zadornov e pili ana i ka "penguin flipper". Aia kekahi koa kūikawā i ke kūlana o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa nāna e hoʻopakele i nā manu i hoʻokahuli ʻia mai ke pio ʻana. A hāʻule lākou i luna o ko lākou kua, hāpai i ko lākou poʻo kiʻekiʻe a nānā i nā mokulele a me nā helikopter e lele haʻahaʻa ana. A laila ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke ala aʻe i kā lākou iho. Hana ʻia ia i nā Mokupuni Falkland.
He ʻaihue maoli nā Penguins. ʻAihue lākou ʻaʻole wale kahi hua manu mai nā mākking gawking, akā i nā ʻiliʻili no ka kau ʻana i kahi pōhaku. Koho nā penguins wahine i nā kāne ʻelua i ka mea mānoanoa. Pale ia i ka hua manu ʻoi aku ka hilinaʻi ʻia i loko o kāna mau ʻōpū i ka wā o ka incubation ʻē aʻe.
Ua koho ʻo Linux Torvalds i kahi penguin ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona no kāna ʻōnaehana no ka mea i hoʻokahi manawa ma ka zoo ua nahu kēia manu i kona manamana lima. Ua ʻike nā kūpuna o ka penguin i nā dinosaur, hōʻike ʻia kēia e nā koena fossilized o nā ʻohana kahiko o ka manu, i loaʻa e nā ʻepekema. ʻO ko lākou mau makahiki ma kahi o 60 miliona mau makahiki.
ʻO ka mahana i loko o ke kolone i hele hewa i loko o kahi hui ākea e hōʻea i 35 ° С, ʻoiai ma waho e ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa, e lawe i 20 ° С Hoʻololi lākou i kekahi mau wahi i mea e mehana ai ka poʻe ʻē aʻe, e hōʻike ana i ka lawehala āpau a me ke aloha.
