Loaʻa i ka ʻohana stork he 19 mau ʻano. Nui lākou a pau i ka nui, ikaika a nuku loloa, nā wāwae lōʻihi. ʻO Marabou kekahi o nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana stork, nona ʻekolu mau ʻano, ua lilo ka hā i ka manaolana ʻole. He ʻāpala maoli nō kēia, me kahi poʻo ʻōhule, no ka mea marabou pono ʻoe e rummage ma waena o ka ʻai pala, a ʻo ka ʻāʻī a me ke poʻo me ka ʻole o ka hulu e ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
He lōʻihi nā wāwae a me ka ʻāʻī o ka manu, hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1.5 mika. He ʻeheu ikaika kona a me kahi nuku nui. Ua piʻi ka ʻēheu i 2.5 mau mika. ʻO ke kaumaha o nā mea nui loa i 8 kg. He maka maikaʻi loa ia, kahi ʻano no nā ʻano scavenger.
ʻO ko lākou kala ʻelua-leo. Keʻokeʻo ka ʻaoʻao lalo o ke kino. Hinahina ʻeleʻele ka ʻaoʻao luna. He melemele ka nuku i ke kala a hiki i 30 knm i ka lōʻihi. ʻAlani ka ʻāʻī i ʻalani a ʻulaʻula paha. I ka wā ʻōpio, loaʻa i nā manu ke kala paler a, ke hilinaʻi nei i ka laha, hiki ke ʻokoʻa.
Ma waho aʻe o kahi poʻo liʻiliʻi, ʻōlohelohe, aia ke ʻano o ka manu ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka ʻāʻī, kahi ulu momona e like me kahi ʻeke i pili i nā puka ihu. I kahi kūlana i hoʻonui ʻia, hoʻonui ka ʻeke i 30 cm ke anawaena. Ma mua, ua manaʻo ʻia he mālama ka marabou i nā meaʻai i loko o kēia ʻeke, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka hōʻoia o kēia kumumanaʻo. ʻO ka mea nui paha, hoʻohana wale ʻia ia no nā pāʻani moʻa a i ka wā hoʻomaha, kau ke poʻo o ka manu i kēia ulu.
Pili ka hemahema o ka hulu ma ka ʻāʻī a me ke poʻo me ka papaʻai. ʻAʻole pono e haumia nā hulu i ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai semi-popopo. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka marabou kekahi o nā manu maʻemaʻe loa. Inā ua paʻi kahi ʻāpana o ka meaʻai, a laila ʻai ʻo ia ma hope o ka holoi ʻana i ka wai. ʻAʻole like me kā lākou mau storks, ʻaʻole e kī ʻo marabou i ko lākou ʻāʻī i ka wā o ka lele. Hiki iā lākou ke piʻi i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 4 mano mau mika.
Kahi noho
Noho ʻo Marabou ma ʻAsia, ʻApelika, ʻaʻole loaʻa iki ma ʻAkau ʻAmelika. Makemake i nā wahi hāmama ma nā kapa wai o nā waihona, i loaʻa ma nā savannas ʻApelika. ʻAʻole lākou e noho i nā wao nahele a me nā ululāʻau. ʻO kēia nā holoholona nohona e noho nei i nā kolone liʻiliʻi. Makaʻu ʻole loa, makaʻu ʻole i ka poʻe. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia lākou ma kahi o nā hale noho, i nā landfills.
Nā ʻano
Kahi kik Marabou i kēia lā ua hōʻike ʻia i ʻekolu mau ʻano:
- ʻApelika
- ʻ Indiannia;
- Kawanī.
ʻO Leptoptilos robustus kahi ʻano luku. Ua noho ka manu ma ka honua 126-12 tausani makahiki i hala. Noho ma ka mokupuni ʻo Flores. ʻO ke koena o ka marabou i loaʻa e hōʻike ana ua hōʻea ka manu i 1.8 mau mika ke kiʻekiʻe a kaupaona ʻia ma kahi o 16 kg. Ua lele ʻino paha ʻo ia a ʻaʻole paha i hana iki.
He iwi iwi nui ko Leptoptilos robustus, nā lālā hope kaumaha, kahi e hōʻoia hou ai ua neʻe maikaʻi ka manu i ka honua a ʻaʻole paha e lele. Manaʻo ʻia he manu nui kēlā ma muli o ka hiki ʻole ke huikau me nā lehulehu ʻē aʻe, no ka mea, ua noho lākou ma kahi mokupuni kaʻawale.
I ke ana hoʻokahi kahi i loaʻa ai ke koena o ka manu, ua loaʻa nā iwi o kekahi kanaka Flores. He poʻe pōkole kēia, me kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1 mika, ʻo ia, hiki iā lākou ke lilo i manu no ka manu.
ʻO Marabou ʻApelika... ʻO kēia ka manu nui loa o nā ʻano āpau, hiki i ke kaumaha o ke kino ke hōʻea i 9 kg, a me kahi ʻēheu o 3.2 mika, a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka nuku, a i 35 knm. A ma nā poʻohiwi he "kola" i lalo. ʻO ka ʻili ma nā wahi hulu ʻole a poni, me nā kiko ʻeleʻele a me nā pale horny ma ke alo o ke poʻo.
ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona ka iris pouli ma ka haumāna o ka maka. Manaʻo nā kamaʻāina, ma muli o kēia hiʻohiʻona, manaʻo ka diabolō ka manu. Hiki i kēia ʻano stork ke ola me nā pelicans, e hana ana i nā kolone huikau. ʻAʻole hoʻoweliweli ka lāhui ʻApelika me ka luku ʻia, ʻo lākou ka mea e noho kokoke i ka poʻe a me nā ʻōpala.
ʻO marabou India... Noho ia ma Kambupila a me Assam, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka ākea o ka wahi. No ka hoʻoilo, hele ʻo ia i Vietnam, Myanmar a me Thailand. Ma mua, ua noho ka manu ma Burma a me India, no hea mai kēia inoa. Hinahina ka hulu manu o ka manu, ʻeleʻele i lalo. ʻO argala kekahi inoa no ka laha.
Ua helu ʻia ʻo marabou India ma ka puke ʻula. I ka helu hope, i kēia manawa ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 1 tausani mau kānaka. Pili ka hāʻule ʻana o nā holoholona i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o nā kahawai a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā wahi kūpono no ka hōʻiliʻili mau ʻana o nā hua manu a me ka mahi ʻana o ka ʻāina me nā pesticides.
Kawanī marabou. He aha ka ʻāina hana? Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēia manu kupaianaha ma India, Kina, a hiki i ka mokupuni ʻo Java. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me kāna mau hoa, he manu liʻiliʻi ia, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 120 cm ke kiʻekiʻe, me kahi ʻēheu o ke 210 cm. Ua uhi ʻia ka ʻaoʻao luna o ka ʻēheu me nā hulu ʻeleʻele. ʻAʻohe o kēia laha kahi ʻeke ʻili puʻu.
ʻAʻole makemake ka stork Java i ke kaiāulu me nā kānaka, pale i ka hui ʻana me kekahi kanaka. ʻAi nui ka iʻa, crustacean, nā manu liʻiliʻi a me nā koʻokoʻo, nā ʻūhini. He loner ia a hana i kahi pālua wale no ka wā hānau. Ke emi mau nei ka helu o kēia ʻano, no laila ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo ia he ʻano palupalu.
Auila
ʻO Diabou ka diurnal. I ke kakahiaka, hele ka manu e ʻimi i ka meaʻai. Ua hemo i luna o ka pūnana, e piʻi ana me ke kōkua o ka piʻi ʻana o ka lewa, lele a lele hoʻi i ka manawa lōʻihi, e kīkaha ana i kona ʻāʻī. No laila, hoʻāʻo ka manu e ʻike i ke kino make. Ke ʻike nei i ke kupapaʻu o kahi holoholona, haehae ʻo ia i kona ʻōpū a hoʻopaʻa i kona poʻo i loko, e ʻimi ana i ka na loko mai laila.
Lele kekahi mau kānaka i ke kupapaʻu, a ʻaʻole wale no ka pāʻina ʻana wale nō, akā no ka pale ʻana i ka meaʻai mai ka poʻe komo hewa. Ma hope o ka saturation, hu ka ʻeke puʻu i ka manu. Inā ʻimi ʻokoʻa nā manu o ka ʻohana, a laila ma mua o ka hoʻi ʻana i ko lākou wahi noho, ʻākoakoa pū lākou a hoʻi i ka home.
Inā ʻimi ka marabou i kahi holoholona ola, a laila koho i kahi mea i hōʻino ʻia, pepehi ia me ka pā o kona nuku a ale iā ia holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole makaʻu i nā hoa hakakā nui, komo maʻalahi i kahi hakakā me kahi hyena a me kahi ʻīlio hae. I ka hakakā, ikaika loa ka manu a lanakila mau. E like me nā ʻelele āpau o ka ʻohana stork, hiki i ka marabou ke kū no kahi manawa lōʻihi i kahi kūʻū i ka wāwae hoʻokahi.
Meaʻai kūpono
Manu Marabou hānai ma ka make. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻaʻohe meaʻai e like me ia, a laila ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻowahāwahā i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi a me nā manu. Pepehi kanaka nui i ka lapalapa ahi a i ʻole pālua paha me ka pilikia ʻole. Pono ka manu ma kahi o 1 kg o ka meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻAi i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, moʻo a me nā rana. ʻAi i nā hua manu. Hiki iā ia ke lawe i ka waiwai pio mai nā mea hōkai ʻuʻuku.
ʻAi pinepine lākou i ka meaʻai i nā pālua me nā ʻekue, ʻoiai ka mea ʻoi aku ka hakakā ma ka holoholona lōhiu. ʻO kahi waʻa ʻike hou aʻe e haehae i ke kupapaʻu o ka mea pio i loaʻa, a hoʻomaka ka marabou e ʻai ma hope. Ma hope o kaʻaina awakea hui, koe wale ka iwi iwi o ke kupapaʻu. Hiki i ke kikonia ke ale i kahi ʻiʻo o ke kaupaona he 600 gram i ka manawa.
Hiki ke ʻike pinepine ʻia ka marabou Java me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia o kona poʻo i loko o ka wai, ʻoiai e lawaiʻa ana. Pulu ka manu i kona nuku hāmama iki ma lalo o ka wai a pili ka iʻa i ka nuku, lele koke ka nuku.
ʻOiai ʻo ka hapanui o ka poʻe i makemake i ka marabou, ʻo ia kahi hoʻonohonoho maoli. ʻOiai kokoke i ka poʻe, hoʻomaʻemaʻe lākou i nā ʻauwaha, hōʻiliʻili i nā ʻōpala kokoke i nā kini ʻōpala a me nā abattoirs. Pale ʻo Marabou i nā maʻi ahulau i nā wahi wela o ke aniau, no laila ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hōʻeha i nā kānaka i kekahi ʻano - ke pōmaikaʻi wale nō lākou.
Pā pāʻani moena
ʻAʻole like me ka nui o nā manu, koho ke kāne i ka hapalua. Hoʻomaka ia me kaʻoiaʻiʻo i hele mai kekahi mau wahine i ke kāne a hōʻike i ko lākou nani. E nānā ka mea hoʻomau mau. Ma hope o kēlā, hele wāwae lāua, hoʻonui i nā ʻeke a puni nā ʻāʻī, i ka hoʻāʻo e makaʻu i nā mea komo hewa.
Hana ʻia ke kino makua e 4-5 mau makahiki. Hoʻomaka nā pāʻani mānoanoa i ke kau ua, a ʻike ʻia nā moa i ka wā maloʻo. Maʻalahi ke kumu o kēia - aia i ka wā maloʻo e make ai nā holoholona i ka hapanui o nā mea āpau, no laila ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hānai ʻana i nā pēpē.
I ka wā moekolohe wale nō e kani leo ʻole ai ka manu, no ka mea ʻaʻohe ona leo leo. Leo Marabou ʻano reminiscent o ka mooing, kāwili ʻia me ka whistling a me ka aoa. Me ia mau kani, hoʻoweliweli lākou i nā manu a me nā holoholona.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hana ʻia nā ʻohana ma nā kolone nui. Hiki i nā kāne he 5 ke noho i hoʻokahi kumulāʻau. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia mau baobab, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokau ma luna o ia mau lāʻau kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ke anawaena o ka pūnana ma ka awelika 1 mika, a 40 cm ka hohonu.
Hana ʻia nā pūnana ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 5 mau mika. Ua ʻike ʻia nā "hale" ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 40 mika. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana i ka "hale" o ka makahiki i hala a i ʻole kūkulu i kahi pūnana ma luna o kahi pōhaku, akā kākaʻikahi loa. Hana nā mākua ʻelua i ka hana. Punana ʻo Marabou hana mai nā lau a me nā lālā liʻiliʻi. Loaʻa i hoʻokahi pālua he 2 mau hua manu. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā mākua ʻelua i ka incubation, lawe ʻia mai 29 a 31 mau lā.
ʻO nā Chicks e 95-115 mau lā mai ka hānau ʻana ua uhi paʻa ʻia me ka hulu. Ma 4 mau mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, hoʻomaka lākou e aʻo e lele a hiki ke neʻe me ko lākou mau mākua i ke kupapaʻu o ka holoholona. Kūʻokoʻa loa lākou ma hope o 12 mau mahina. Hoʻopuni nā mākua i kā lākou keiki me ka mālama o ka uaki, hānai ikaika iā lākou.
Noho ʻo Marabou ma waena o 20 a 25 mau makahiki. I ka noho pio ʻana, ola kekahi poʻe i 33 mau makahiki. He olakino maikaʻi loa ko nā manu, ʻoiai ka papa kikoʻī. I ke kūlohelohe, ʻaʻohe ona ʻenemi kūlohelohe.
ʻIkepili Hoihoi
I loko nō o ka noho ʻana o ka marabou i nā ʻāina me nā anilā mehana, noho lākou i kekahi manawa ma nā wahi i pulu, ma kahi o nā kino wai. Hoʻohanohano ka poʻe Mahometa i kēia manu a nānā iā ia he hōʻailona o ke akamai. Wahi a kekahi o nā mana, na nā Mahometa i hāʻawi ka inoa i ka manu a no loko mai ka huaʻōlelo "mrabut", ʻo ia hoʻi "Muslim theologian".
ʻOiai kēia, ma nā ʻāina ʻApelika, a hiki i kēia lā, alualu ʻia ka manu ma muli o kāna hulu nani. I kekahi mau ʻāina ʻEulopa, hoʻohana ʻia nā makai ʻo marabou fluff e hoʻopili i ka pauka e ʻike i nā manamana lima.
Ma Nairobi a me Kenya, noho pinepine nā manu i nā kauhale a me nā kauhale. ʻO Marabou i loko o ke kiʻi hoʻopuni ʻia e nā hale kīwila a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe ke nānā aku i kū hoʻokahi. Kūkulu lākou i nā pūnana i nā kumulāʻau ma luna aʻe o nā hale, me ka ʻike ʻole i ka walaʻau a me ka pihe a puni. ʻOiai ʻo kāna hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe, i ka hapanui o nā ʻāina ʻApelika, manaʻo ʻia ka manu he mea ʻino a hoʻopailua hoʻi.
No ka hele manawaleʻa ma nā wāwae lōʻihi, ua kapa ʻia ka marabou ka manu kauā. ʻO kekahi inoa o ka manu ka mea mālama manu. Wahi a nā mea i ʻike ʻia e nā limahana ma ka Kruger Park (ʻApelika Hema), defecate ka marabou ma ko lākou mau wāwae a, no laila, mau lākou i ka ʻōpala. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia e hana i kēia e hoʻoponopono ai i ka mahana o kona kino.
Ua noho ʻo Marabou ma ka Zoo Leningrad no 37 mau makahiki. Ua lawe lākou iā ia i ka makahiki 1953, i ka wā ʻōpio, ua paʻa ʻo ia i ka nāhelehele. ʻOiai kona ʻano hoʻopailua, he mea nui ka marabou i ke kaiaola. ʻAe ka manu iā ʻoe e hōʻemi i ka makaʻi o ka maʻi ma ka wahi o kona wahi noho, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke kaiapuni, a he mea nui ia no nā ʻāina wela.
