Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO nā moa wai e noho ana ma ka honua, manaʻo ʻia ka ʻohana duck ka mea nui loa. ʻO kēia pūʻulu manu kekahi mea kahiko. A he hōʻike kuhi ʻole kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo - koena fossil o nā kūpuna prehistoric.
Ma waena o nā mea i ʻike mua ʻia, ʻo ia paha, ʻo ʻAmelika Hema, aia ma kahi o 50 miliona mau makahiki. ʻO nā lā hou, ka helu o ia mea ma kahi o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua haneli, hui pū ʻia i kanahā (a e like me kekahi kuhi i ʻoi aku paha) genera. Mai ka wā kahiko, ua hoʻohina ʻia ka hapa nui o lākou e ka poʻe a hānai maikaʻi ʻia no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hua manu, ʻiʻo ʻono, a me ka fluff palupalu.
Akā ʻaʻole pili kā mākou moʻolelo i ka home, akā e pili ana i nā ʻāhiu ʻāhiu o ka ʻohana, a i ʻole e pili ana i kahi mea laha ʻole manu turpan, i loaʻa ma Eurasia, a ma nā ʻĀkau ʻĀkau o ʻApelika a me ka pae ʻāina ʻAmelika.
Kū aʻe kēlā mau mea ola mai kā lākou ʻohana duck no ko lākou nui nui; Kaulana lākou no kā lākou mea kūikawā, ʻoiai me kahi ʻono iʻa, kaʻiʻo, waiwai i ka momona hoʻōla ʻalani, a he fluff maikaʻi hoʻi ka hiki ke mālama ʻia no kahi manawa lōʻihi.
Akā ʻaʻole kēia mea āpau i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ke kū hoʻokahi o ia mau mea o ke kūlohelohe, ma ke ʻano he lunamakaʻāinana o nā lāhui holoholona ʻēheu ʻaneʻane make. Ua helu ʻia ka heluna kanaka o ka honua, e like me ka koho ʻana i nā makahiki he 10 i hala aku nei, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 4.5 tausani kope, akā i kēia mau lā ke emi nei ia.
ʻO ka ʻimi ʻana i nā manu i hōʻike ʻia, a me ka make makehewa ʻole o kekahi mau kānaka makaʻala ʻole i ka ʻupena a nā lawaiʻa, ua lilo i kumu hoʻoholo no ka emi ʻana o kā lākou helu. A no laila, i ko mākou ʻāina, ʻo ke kī ʻana a me ka hopu ʻana i kēia ʻano ʻāhiu ʻāhiu i manaʻo ʻia he hana pāpā ʻia. A i nā ʻaoʻao o ka puke Red, ua kākau ʻia ka inoa o kēia ʻano o ke aupuni hulu, no ka nalo ʻana a ʻaʻole loaʻa iki i ke kūlohelohe.
Sopa maʻamau hiki i ka nui o 58 cm. ʻO ke poʻo nui, kūkulu drakes (kāne), pena ʻia i ke kala ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele me kahi anuanu bluish lahilahi, kaupaona ma kahi o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua kilokika. Akā ʻo nā "lede", ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻāpō, ʻoi aku ka lokomaikaʻi, a he kaona o ʻekolu haneri a ʻoi ka emi o ke kaumaha.
ʻO nā hulu o nā wahine ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele. ʻO ke poʻo o ia mau manu i kāhiko ʻia me nā kiko keʻokeʻo ma luna o ka nuku a puni nā pepeiao, pinepine nā māka i nā maka. I ke kauwela, ʻaneʻane like ka malu o ka plumage i nā lunamakaʻāinana o nā wahine ʻelua, i nā wā ʻē aʻe ua ʻoi aku ka māmā o nā pālaka ma mua o nā kāne ʻeleʻele, ʻoiai he mau maka ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ko lākou, akā ʻokoʻa i nā irises o nā drakes he polū polū.
No nā kaniʻuhū kanikau i hoʻopau ai ke ʻano iā lākou, ua loaʻa i ua mau manu lā ka inoa kapakapa "nā ʻalalā kaumaha." Hoʻonui ʻia kēia hiʻohiʻona o ka pouli e ka maka keʻokeʻo o nā maka, kahi e nānā ai nā manu me he aniani lā, hau.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o kēia mau mea ola:
- kahi māka keʻokeʻo e ʻike ʻia ma nā ʻeheu ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua, i kuhikuhi pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he "aniani" a i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke kala keʻokeʻo hau o nā hulu lele;
- ka hoʻolālā kūikawā o kahi nuku ākea me kahi puʻupuʻu pineal ma ke kumu;
- ua hoʻoliʻiliʻi ikaika nā lālā i ke kūlana a me ka ulu kūpono ʻana i ka huelo.
Ma ke kala o nā wāwae, i waena o nā hōʻailona maopopo aʻe, maʻalahi ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka moekolohe o ka manu. He ʻalani-melemele kā nā wahine, a he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula kā kā lākou mau pūkana, a ʻoi aku, lako lākou me nā membrane ʻauʻau hoʻomohala maikaʻi.
Leo o Turpan ʻaʻole melodic loa. ʻO nā mea eheu no ka hapanui e hana i ka quacking, ke kaniʻuhū ʻana, ke kani a i ʻole ke kani ʻana o nā leo, i kekahi manawa e hoʻomanaʻo i ka ʻū ʻana o nā ʻalalā. ʻUʻū mālie nā drakes me ke kaomi ʻana i ka accompaniment.
Ke hū nei nā ʻūlū a ʻuwā nui lākou, no ka hapa nui i ka lewa. ʻO nā manu o ia ʻano pūnana ma ka ʻākau o ʻEulopa, kahi e noho ai lākou i nā wahi he nui, mai Scandinavia a Siberia.
ʻO ka manawa pinepine mai nā wahi maikaʻi ʻole i nā manawa anuanu, neʻe lākou i kahi e mehana ai, no ka laʻana, hoʻoilo lākou ma ka wai o Caspian, ʻEleʻele a me nā kai ʻē aʻe o ka pae ʻāina. Noho kēia mau lunamaka o nā holoholona i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa ma nā loko kuahiwi o Armenia a me Georgia, a ma kekahi mau wahi ʻē aʻe.
Nā ʻano
Māhele ʻia ka genus o ka turpan i mau ʻano. ʻO nā manu i komo i loko o kēia pūʻulu e like ka nui o ka hanana a me ka lawena, ma nā ʻōlelo maʻamau e kūlike me ka hōʻike i hōʻike ʻia ma luna, akā ʻokoʻa wale nō i kekahi mau kikoʻī o ko lākou helehelena, a me ko lākou wahi noho. E noʻonoʻo mākou i kekahi o lākou.
1. Pākuʻi poʻo ihu ʻo ke kala o ka plumage kūpono kūpono no ka wehewehe o ka scooper maʻamau i hāʻawi ʻia ma luna. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i kekahi mau kānaka, he poni a ʻulaʻula paha nā kapa huluhulu. A ʻo nā kiko keʻokeʻo ma ke poʻo he "blurry" pinepine ia a pālahalaha i ka hope o ke poʻo.
Akā, ʻo ka hiʻona nui ka ihu nui, kahi e hoʻonui ai ka pehu ma ka ihu, he mea nui ia no nā scooter āpau, a ʻoi aku ka nui. ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai kēia ʻano he hunchback.
Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻo ka wahi lūlū o kēia mau manu nā ʻāpana taiga o Rūsia, a inā lākou e hele huakaʻi hoʻoilo e ʻimi i nā wahi mehana, a laila ʻaʻole mamao loa lākou. ʻO nā loko ʻo Yakut ka mea i ʻike ʻia he ʻāina hānau maoli o ia mau manu.
2. ʻIke scooter i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā laha ma mua, ua liʻiliʻi ka nui, a ʻo ke ʻano o nā manu e kau ana ma ka awelika ma kahi o ka kilokilo. ʻO ke kala e like me ka lole i hōʻike ʻia aʻe o nā ʻohana. Akā, e like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, hoihoi loa ke kala o ka ihu, kūkulu ʻia mai nā wahi keʻokeʻo ma kahi papa ʻeleʻele me ka hoʻohui o ka ʻulaʻula, kahi hana i kekahi manawa i nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻomākeʻaka.
Noho mālie kēlā mau manu, emit quacking a whistling kani. Noho lākou i Alaska, noho i nā ulu lāʻau taiga coniferous, a me nā loko nui i United States a me Kanada. A ma laila ka nui o ko lākou heluna kanaka.
Lele ia nā huakaʻi hulu manu i nā ʻāina ʻEulopa i ka hoʻoilo: nā kai o Nolewai a me Skotlandia. Pehea lākou e lanakila ai i kahi mamao loa, a pehea lākou e ola ai i nā wā ʻino a me nā ʻino i ke kai, ʻaʻole i ʻike maopopo ʻia.
3. Skuter ʻeleʻele (xinga) i ka hana a me nā hiʻohiʻona o waho e like me kahi scooper maʻamau i nā ʻano he nui, akā ʻoi iki ka liʻiliʻi (kaupaona ma kahi o 1300 g), a ʻokoʻa iki ke kala, ma kahi o ka wahi a me ka malu o nā kiko.
Ma waena o nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona: kahi melemele i ka wahi o ka nuku pālahalaha, a me ka ʻole o kahi keʻokeʻo ma nā ʻeheu, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "aniani keʻokeʻo". I ka hoʻoilo, ʻeleʻele nā kāne ʻelua me nā kani hina ma ke poʻo a hina-keʻokeʻo i mua.
Ma ka pūnāwai, ʻikeʻeleʻele nā drakes, e ʻaʻahu i ka lole ʻeleʻele o ka wahine me nā kaha keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo e ʻike ʻia. Kuhikuhi ka huelo o nā manu, lōʻihi. ʻAʻohe tubercle o ka nuku wahine.
Loaʻa ia mau manu i nā wahi he nui o Eurasia. Mai ke komohana, hoʻomaka ko lākou pae me Pelekane, a hele i waena o Rūsia, moe i Iapana. I ka ʻākau, hele ia mai Scandinavia a i ka hema a i ʻAloko.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Ma waena o nā lunamakaʻāinana o ko lākou ʻohana, noʻonoʻo pono nā scoopers i nā pato nui loa i ka nui. Akā ma ke ʻano o ke kino, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohālikelike me nā hoahānau home palaualelo a hānai maikaʻi ʻia. ʻO ka noho ʻana i ka nāhelehele ka mea i hoʻonui ai iā lākou i ka lawe lima, hana, a no laila lokomaikaʻi.
I ka mua, eia nā kamaʻāina o ka ʻĀkau: nā mokupuni pōhaku o kēia ʻāpana o ka honua, nā kula ākea a me ka tundra arctic. Noho ʻo Turpan kokoke i nā wai o ka wai, ka hapa nui me ka hou, akā pinepine me ka wai paʻakai. ʻImi ʻo ia e noho kokoke i nā loko kuahiwi hohonu, i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka sedge a me nā ʻohe paʻa, i nā kahakai mālie liʻiliʻi i hoʻomehana ʻia e ka lā, a me nā kai kai kahakai.
Haʻalele pinepine kēlā mau manu i nā wahi pūnana akau, i ka mua o Nowemapa, i nā hihia koʻikoʻi - i ka hopena o ʻOkakopa. Hele lākou i ka hoʻoilo i kahi wahi me kahi ʻano leʻaleʻa hou aʻe a lele i nā kahakai hema ma hope ma mua o ko lākou mau hoanoho, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o nā holoholona eheu. A hoʻi lākou i kahi o Mei, ke kaʻawale loa nā loko ʻākau o ka hau.
Turpan ma ke kūlohelohe, ua mālie ka mea, akā hilahila ka poʻe a me ke kumu ʻole. ʻOiai ʻo kēia mau manu, e like me nā ʻāpō, he moa manu, he kūlohelohe lākou e paʻa pono a neʻe i waena o ka wai, ʻoiai e ʻōpuʻu ana i ko lākou umauma, e kīʻaha ana i ko lākou ʻāʻī a hāpai i ko lākou poʻo i luna.
Noho i ke kai, hiki iā lākou ke neʻe aku mai kahakai aku no kahi mamao loa. Alualu ʻia e ka poʻe ʻino, deftly luʻu lākou a nalowale koke, peʻe i ka hohonu, me he mea lā e hāʻule ana i lalo. Akā ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke kapa ʻia he lele lele virtuoso. Piʻi nui lākou i ka lewa, lohi a i nā lele maʻamau hoʻāʻo lākou e haʻahaʻa i ka lawa.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻUckkeke Duck hoʻomaka e ʻauʻau ʻaneʻane mai ka hānau ʻana, neʻe maikaʻi i ka mea wai ma kahakai i ka wai pāpaʻu. ʻAʻole wale ka wai ka ʻāpana nui o kona ola, akā he kahu wahine pū kekahi. A ʻo ia mau manu e hānai i nā mea kanu wai, nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, mollusks, a me nā midges liʻiliʻi a me nā mea kolo ʻē aʻe e wili kokoke ana i nā loko a me nā kai kūʻono. A ʻo kēia ka hiki i kēia mau mea hulu ke hoʻopau a assimilate i nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona, ʻoiai he liʻiliʻi, me ka pilikia ʻole.
ʻO ka pinepine, i mea e hānai pono ai i kahi manu, pono ʻoe e lūlū i nā mika he ʻumi ma lalo o ka wai. Akā ʻaʻole kēia he pilikia no nā mea ʻili maikaʻi, nā scoopers. Eia kekahi, hiki lākou i lalo o ka wai no kekahi mau minuke me ka paʻakikī ʻole a me ka hōʻeha ʻana i ke kino.
ʻIke nui lākou a neʻe i ke kai o lalo o ka wai, hoe me nā ʻēheu a me ka manamana lima me nā wāwae pūnaewele. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole lawa ka meaʻai i nā wahi i koho ʻia, a laila i ka ʻimi ʻana iā ia e holoholo nā manu, e moeʻuhane nei i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā wahi momona i ka meaʻai.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hiki ke loaʻa nā pūnana o ia mau manu ʻaʻole mamao loa mai nā kino wai: ma nā kahakai, kokoke i nā kahawai a me nā loko i loko o ka mauʻu nui, i kekahi manawa ma waena o nā kolone gull. I kekahi mau hihia, hana ʻia nā pālua ma ka hopena o ke kauwela a i ka wā o ka neʻe hoʻoilo.
A no laila, hoʻi pinepine nā manu mai ka huakaʻi ʻana i ko lākou ʻāina kulāiwi, ua loaʻa i kēlā me kēia mea kāna hoa ponoʻī. Akā i kekahi manawa e hoʻolōʻihi kēia hana a hiki i ka wā puna. A laila, i ka hōʻea ʻana i ka home, ma hope o ka neʻe ʻana o ka neʻe o ka wā, hiki i kahi nui o nā mea noi ke ʻākoakoa a puni kekahi wahine, e ʻimi mau nei i kona wahi.
ʻO nā hana moena o nā drakes e hoʻokau nei i kā lākou mau ipo wahine ma kahi o ka wai. A komo lākou i ka lele ʻana, ka luʻu wai a me nā hiʻohiʻona i manaʻo ʻole ʻia mai ka hohonu. Hoʻopili pū ʻia kēia mau mea āpau me ka hoʻomanawanui ʻole, ka leo nui, a me ke kono ʻana.
ʻUʻē pū kekahi, akā ma hope o ka male ʻana wale nō. Me kēia mau kani, hana lākou i nā pōʻai haʻahaʻa ma luna o ka honua, a laila lele i nā wahi punana, kahi a lākou e hoʻonohonoho ai i nā ʻeke liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi-nā hale no nā moa, e ʻokiʻoki ana i nā paia a me ka lalo me kā lākou i lalo.
Hoʻomoe koke lākou i kahi lālau a i ʻumi mau hua ʻōniʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. A i ka hoʻokō ʻana i kā lākou kuleana i ka kūlohelohe a me ka pale ʻana i nā wahi pūnana, lele aku nā drakes, a waiho wale i kā lākou mau ipo wahine e mālama i nā keiki. A ʻo nā kāne kāne hoʻokahi wale nō e ʻūlū kokoke mai nei me ka lana o ka manaʻo e loaʻa kekahi wahine.
ʻO ka huki ʻana i nā hulu iā lākou iho i ka wā holoʻokoʻa o ka hoʻouluulu ʻana, a hoʻokahi mahina paha ka lōʻihi, ʻo ka hopena, nānā malū nā "lede", akā ʻike ʻia kahi moena hoʻoluʻolu ʻoluʻolu i nā pūnana.
Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka pūnaewele masonry, hana pū nā ʻāpō i ka pale ʻana i ka wahi i noho ʻia mai nā mea komo. Koke hānau ʻia nā pēpē pēpē, kaupaona ma mua o 60 g. Ua uhi ʻia lākou me ka hina hina i lalo, ʻoiai keokeo ma nā papalina a me ka ʻōpū.
ʻAʻole kuleana o nā hiʻohiʻona wahine āpau o kēia ʻano pato. He nui, i kekahi mau lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, haʻalele i kā lākou mau keiki mau loa, ʻaʻole makemake e mālama hou iā lākou. ʻO ia ke kumu e nui ai ka make ma waena o nā moa.
Ke hoʻāʻo nei e ola, ʻauʻau a loaʻa ka meaʻai i ka wai, aʻo lākou mai nā lā mua loa. Akā ʻo ka hapanui pinepine, make nā pēpē i ke anuanu, e hoʻāʻo wale nei e pumehana, e hoʻopili ana i kekahi i kekahi. Akā laki kekahi.
ʻIke lākou i nā mea hānai, no ka mea, ʻaʻole mālama nui nā scooter e like me ka wahine. Aia kekahi poʻe e hoʻāʻo ʻana ʻaʻole wale no lākou iho, akā no nā hoa aloha lapuwale hoʻi, a no laila a hiki i nā haneli o nā keiki o nā makahiki like ʻole e ukali iā lākou me ka lana o ka mālama makua.
I ka hopena o nā lā mahana, ulu a ʻōpio a lilo koke i makua no nā ʻau hoʻoilo kūʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole pono i ka poʻe ʻōpio ke kaukaʻi i ke kōkua o ka hanauna kahiko.
I kēia manawa, ua poina loa nā mākua a me nā kahu e pili ana i ko lākou ola ʻana, a no laila, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, lele lākou i mua o ka poʻe ʻōpio, ʻaʻole makemake e loaʻa kahi ukana ma ke ala. A pono e hoʻopakele nā mea ʻilihune iā lākou iho, no ka mea, ʻo kēlā me kēia mea ʻaʻole e mahana, waiwai i nā wahi meaʻai, e make ʻo ia.
Hiki i hoʻokahi makahiki, ʻano like ke kala o nā drakes ʻōpio me ko nā wahine, ʻo ia, ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, kahakaha ʻia me nā kiko keʻokeʻo puʻupuʻu ma ke kumu o ka nuku. Akā hoʻololi nā mea āpau ke ulu a makua a makua.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke ʻano o kēia mau mea ʻēheu Turpan ma ke kiʻi... Inā kūleʻa lākou i kahi hakakā paʻakikī me kahi honua lokoʻino no ka noho ʻana a hiki i kahi kūlana makua, a laila hiki i nā manu ke ola ma kahi o 13 mau makahiki.
ʻImi holoholona Turpan
Pohihihi kēia mau ʻelele o nā wai wai a ʻaʻole aʻo iki ʻia. Ma nā wahi ākea Lūkini, manaʻo ʻia he ʻelua wale nō ʻano o kēia mau manu i loaʻa. Eia hou, nā lunamaka o kekahi laha, e like me kekahi ʻike, ke holoholo ʻana, loaʻa iā lākou iho kahi puʻuhonua kūlohelohe i ko mākou teritori.
Ua ʻike nui ʻia kēia ʻano peʻā hihiu e ka poʻe o ka ʻākau mai ka wā kahiko. A mai ia manawa mai hopu holoholona ua manaʻo ʻia he hana hanohano, a ʻo ka poʻe i hōʻea i kahi kiʻekiʻe i laila i kūkala ʻia he poʻe pono a kūleʻa hoʻi ka poʻe.
Hoʻomaka ka wā i kēlā mau ʻāina a puni ʻo Iune, i ka wā i hoʻi mai ai nā manu mai nā ʻāina ʻē, noho i ko lākou wahi maoli. Pēlā nā manu e lele i nā hipa, e neʻe kiʻekiʻe ana ma luna o ka honua me ka ʻoluʻolu, me ka "kamaʻilio" ʻana i waena o lākou iho.
ʻAʻole kaulana kēia mau mea no ko lākou akamai, a ʻimi nā mea ʻimi holoholona i nā manawa āpau e hoʻohana i kēia ʻano, no ka mea hāʻawi ʻia ka lapuwale a me ka hilahila o kēlā poʻe naʻaupō ʻēheu, maʻalahi lākou e lure. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, ʻo nā poʻe ʻimi ʻākau, no ka laʻana, hōʻike ʻia ke kani ʻana o ke keiki hipa, ka mea i ʻumeʻume i nā manu.
Noho ʻoluʻolu kekahi o nā manu me ka hana kūikawā Turpan i ukuhi ʻia, ke lawe nei i kēia hana lima hana lima no ko lākou ʻohana. ʻO nā kupapaʻu o nā manu i luku ʻia i ka lihi o nā hau mau loa e pelu pololei ʻia ma nā ʻili hau o nā waihona wai a uhi ʻia me ka pulu a me ka limu. No ka hāpai ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana, lilo lākou i mea hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke paʻa loa.
I kēia lā, hoʻopaʻi ʻia e ke kānāwai ke ʻimi holoholona ʻana i kēia mau ʻelele o nā manu ʻēheu. A hua kēlā ʻano ana i ka hua, mai ka nui o ka heluna kanaka, ma ka liʻiliʻi no kekahi manawa, akā paʻa.
