I ka honua o nā kamaʻāina kūwaho o ka honua, mālama ʻia mai ka manawa o ka Pleistocene megafauna, holoholona civet hoihoi. ʻO ka hui ʻana me nā mammal ʻApelika i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, i nā zoo he mea liʻiliʻi loa. Akā hānai ʻia nā holoholona ma kahi pāʻoihana no ka hoʻonui o ka hoihoi iā lākou mai nā mea ʻala a me nā mea hana kope.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO ka helehelena o kahi predator liʻiliʻi e like me nā holoholona i maʻa mau i ka helehelena i ka manawa hoʻokahi - marten, raccoon, mongoose a me ka pōpoki. ʻApelika ʻĀlika i ka honua ʻepekema, pili ia i ka ʻohana o nā mammal civet, no laila, i ka homeland moʻolelo, ua kapa ʻia ka holoholona he pōpoki civet.
I ka nui, hiki i ka holoholona ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kahi ʻīlio liʻiliʻi - kiʻekiʻe 25-30 cm, lōʻihi o ke kino 60-90 knm, huelo ma kahi o 35 knm. ʻO ka nui a me ke kaumaha o ka holoholona mai 7 a 20 kg ʻokoʻa e like me nā ʻano. Ma waena o nā lunamakaʻāinana e pili ana, ʻo ka poʻe noho ʻApelika ka mea nui loa.
ʻO ke poʻo o ka civet ākea i kona ʻano, lōʻihi ke kino a mānoanoa, a ikaika ka huelo. Hoʻolālā ʻia ka muʻu e like me ka raccoon. Nā pepeiao liʻiliʻi, kikoʻi iki. Nā maka me kahi ʻoki slanting, nā haumāna poepoe. He waha ikaika ko ka holoholona me kona mau niho ikaika. Hiki iā Civet ke nahu ma o nā mea āpau, a me nā mea paʻakikī loa.
Nā wāwae ikaika me nā manamana wāwae ʻelima. ʻAʻole hoʻi i hou nā māiʻuʻu, e like me nā felines āpau, a ʻo nā wahi e loaʻa mau ai nā pads palupalu i uhi ʻia me nā lauoho huluhulu. ʻO nā lālā o ka lōʻihi waena e kōkua i ka holoholona i nā lele lele dexterous, holo wikiwiki, a me ka hōʻike o ka wikiwiki.
E kīloi kahi mane ma kahi kino lōʻihi, ma kahi o 10 cm ke kiʻekiʻe, mai ka hoʻomaka o ka ʻāʻī a hiki i kahi ākea ma ke kumu o ka huelo, kahi e hoʻopili mālie ai i ka hopena. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka hulu lauoho pōkole o ka holoholona i ka maikaʻi a me ka nani. ʻOkoʻa ka mānoanoa o ka huluhulu i nā wahi like ʻole.
ʻO ka uhi mānoanoa ma ka hiʻu; ʻo ke kino he sparse, pāewaewa ʻole, ʻākala. Ke makaʻu kahi holoholona, i nā manawa o ka makaʻu, kū ka huluhulu i ka hopena, e hoʻonui nui ana i ka nui o ka predator. ʻO Civet piʻi aʻe e ʻike i ʻoi aku ka nui, i kekahi manawa hunches hoʻi, e like me ka pōpoki maoli, kū ʻaoʻao e hōʻike i kona nui makaʻu.
ʻO ka kala o ka holoholona heterogeneous. ʻO ka mua kahi waha, kahi ʻāʻī, me he mea lā i loko o kahi pale ʻeleʻele, e like me ka lole o ka raccoon. ʻO ka leo nui o ka ʻahuʻula mai ka melemele-ʻulaʻula a i ka hina hina. ʻO kahi kumu onionio mottled, ʻoi aku ka pouli ma mua o ke kumu nui. I ka ʻaoʻao mamao o ke kino, ua like ke kala o ka ʻahu me ka ʻili o ka hyena. ʻEleʻele mau nā wāwae. Aia he 4-5 mau apo ʻeleʻele ma ka huelo, a ʻo ka wēlau pono ʻeleʻele i ke kala.
Civet i ka kiʻi he holoholona nani wale nō, me kahi ʻano ʻē. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia nā holoholona i nā wahi kaupalena, sub-Saharan ʻApelika. Noho ʻo Civet ma Kina, ka Himalayas, Madagascar, kekahi mau ʻāina subtropical, tropical o ʻAsia. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻike i kahi civet i ko mākou ʻāina i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ʻoiai ma nā zoo he mea liʻiliʻi loa ia.
Ua helu ʻia ka holoholona kupaianaha i loko o ka Red Book, i pale ʻia e nā hui honua no ka pale ʻana i nā holoholona. I ka pio ʻana, hoʻomāmaʻa maikaʻi ʻia nā civets inā hopu ʻia lākou i ka wā ʻōpio. Mālama nā mea nona nā holoholona i nā pā, hānai i nā mea hōkai me ka ʻiʻo.
ʻO nā Perfumers, ka mea i ʻumeʻume ʻia e ka huna honi o nā holoholona, ua hōʻike nui i ka hoihoi i nā holoholona mai ka wā kahiko. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o nā glands anal a civet he nui ke kālā. ʻO ke kumu o ka civet i ka wā kahiko he waiwai ia i ke gula. Kahiāuli musive civet hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā lāʻau.
ʻO ka hana o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka civet, kau i ke kahawai, lilo i pili me ka ʻimi no nā civets, ka hana ʻana o nā holoholona. I ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana, hele a hoʻopili liʻiliʻi nā holoholona ʻōpio i nā kānaka. He paʻakikī loa ka poʻe mākua i ke kalele. ʻO ka hoʻokokoke ʻana o ka poʻe ke kumu o ka pīhoihoi, ka hopohopo o nā holoholona makua. Hāwele lākou, hāpai i ko lākou huluhulu, hoʻopaʻa i ko lākou kua, a hoʻokuʻu i ka musk me kahi ʻala pungent.
Ma ʻAitiopa, aia nā mahiʻai holoʻokoʻa no ka mālama ʻana i nā civets; hana ʻia nā mea ʻala Palani elite mai nā huahana i hoʻolako ʻia. I ka ʻoihana perfumery o kēia manawa, ke lilo nei ke kālepa ʻana i ka civet i mea koi no ka hana ʻana o musk synthetic. ʻO ka ʻimi no ka civet ka liʻiliʻi a emi pinepine.
Nā ʻano
Aia nā ʻano civets ʻeono, a ʻo ka ʻApelika nui ka nui. Ua pau ko Leakey lāhui kanaka.
ʻĀkapa Malabar. ʻO ke kala o nā holoholona liʻiliʻi (lōʻihi a hiki i 80 cm, ke kaumaha 8 kg) he hina hina nui, me nā kiko ʻeleʻele nui ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino, ma nā ʻūhā. Kuhi ʻia kahi ʻāpana ʻeleʻele ma ka pali. ʻO ka huelo, ka puʻu o kahi civet me nā kaha ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele.
ʻO nā laha liʻiliʻi loa, kēlā me kēia heluna kanaka ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku i 50 mau kānaka. ʻO ka helu nui o nā holoholona e ola nei ma kahi o 250. Noho ia i loko o nā mānoanoa o nā māla cashew liʻiliʻi ma India, kahi e hoʻoweliweli ʻia nei e ka nui lāʻau ʻana. ʻIke wale ʻia ka hoʻopakele holoholona ʻana ma o ka hānau hānau pio ʻana.
ʻĀpana civet nui-ʻike ʻia. ʻO ka waha o kēia ʻano o nā mea ʻaihue, ʻano like ia me ka ʻīlio. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o ka holoholona i ka ʻano civet ʻApelika. 'Speakslelo ka inoa i ke kala ʻano. Hoʻohui ʻia nā kiko nunui i nā ʻāpana, e hana ana i kahi lau a i ʻole ke kaulike.
ʻO nā kaha ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo e kāhiko ai i ka ʻāʻī, ʻāʻī, huelo o ka holoholona. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā māiʻu e hiki ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi i nā kamaʻāina o ka ulu mau loa, nā ululaau kahakai o Kambodja, Kina, ʻInia, Vietnam. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā civets, hānai wale lākou i ka ʻāina. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā holoholona i ʻano laha me ka heluna lehulehu.
Tangalunga. ʻO kahi civet liʻiliʻi me ka nui o nā kaha ma ka huelo a me ke kiko pinepine ma ka hope. ʻO ke kaʻe ʻeleʻele ma ka midline o ka pali e holo ana i ka wēlau o ka hiʻu.
Ma lalo o ke kino, piʻi aʻe kahi kala hulu keʻokeʻo me nā kiko ʻeleʻele a hiki i ka ʻāʻī. Piʻi Deftly i nā kumulāʻau, akā makemake i kahi nohona honua. Noho i nā wahi i pale ʻia o ka Peninsula Malay, ka Pilipino, a me nā mokupuni e pili ana.
Nui civet (ʻAsia). Noho kahi predator nui i kāna genus i nā ululāʻau o nā ʻāina ʻAsia, ʻike ʻia ia ma nā puʻu a i 1500 m. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino a 95 cm, ke kaumaha ma kahi o 9 kg. No ka hoʻohālikelike civet liʻiliʻi ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 55 cm ka lōʻihi.
Alakaʻi i kahi nohona mehameha nocturnal, maʻamau i Indochina, Nepal, Vietnam. He holoholona nani me ka huelo lush. ʻO ka kino nui ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele i ke kala. ʻO kahi kuapo o nā kaha ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo e kāhiko i ka huelo lōʻihi a me ka ʻāʻī o ka holoholona. Makemake ka holoholona i nā hiʻohiʻona foothill, nā pali puʻu.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Alakaʻi ka holoholona i kahi ala huna o ke ola, makemake e noho i waena o nā mauʻu kiʻekiʻe me nā pā o nā mānoanoa, i mea e peʻe mau ai mai nā maka prying. Pahu ʻelima ola i ka papa waena o nā ulu lāʻau ulu.
ʻIke nā holoholona pehea e peʻe ai, no laila paʻakikī loa e ʻike i kahi civet i ka holoholona lōhiu. ʻO kahi mea e pono ai no ka noho ʻana ma kahi kahua home kahi waihona wai ma kahi kokoke. ʻAʻole ʻae nā Civets i ka maloʻo. Makemake nā holoholona i ke anuanu, ke anuanu, ʻau maikaʻi.
He mea moemoe nā Predators i ke ola, hoʻohui lākou no ka manawa o ka hānau hou ʻana. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā pūnana i loko o nā lua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, pinepine pinepine ia i ka noho ʻana o kahi aardvark, kahi anteater. I kekahi manawa noho ʻo ia i loko o nā ana, nā ana.
ʻAʻole ʻeli nā holoholona i ko lākou wahi hūnā, no ka mea, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi maikaʻi ʻia nā paws no ka ʻeli ʻana. ʻO nā wahi hūnā e pono wale ʻia e nā wahine me nā keiki bipi, a ʻaʻole kūlike nā kānaka manuahi i wahi paʻa. I ke ao, hoʻomaha nā holoholona i waena o nā mauʻu kiʻekiʻe, nā aʻa o nā lāʻau ʻalihi, a i ke ahiahi hele lākou i ka hopu holoholona.
ʻO ka manawa hana nui ka hola o ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā a hiki i ke aumoe. Kaha ʻia ka wahi ʻimi holoholona me ka musk hohono, nā feces. Kaha nā holoholona i ko lākou ʻāina i nā manawa he nui i ka lā. ʻO ka ʻikepili i ka pilau o ka huna o nā aniani aniani he kanaka, mālama ia i nā ʻano o kēlā me kēia.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole komo hewa nā holoholona i nā ʻāina kokoke, kamaʻilio pū nō naʻe lākou me ko lākou ʻohana, ke hoʻopuka nei i nā hōʻailona leo i ke ʻano o ka uwo, ka ʻū, a me ka ʻakaʻaka. Hōʻike nā hiʻohiʻona o nā leo i ka ʻikepili e pili ana i ka pale, mākaukau e hoʻokuʻi, hoʻoweliweli.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā civets manawa e lilo i ka honua, ʻoiai ʻike lākou i ka piʻina piʻi ʻana i nā kumulāʻau a me nā puʻu. ʻAe ka dexterity kūlohelohe i nā mea ʻino wiwo ʻole e komo i nā mahiʻai e ʻahaʻaina ai i ka moa a me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, nā mea e leʻaleʻa ai ka poʻe mahiʻai kūloko.
I ka homeland o nā civets, hoʻohana ikaika nā poʻe noho i ka civet, musk holoholona, e pīpī i ko lākou mau hale. ʻO ka pilau, kahi e mahalo ai ka poʻe Malay, hiki ʻole i ka poʻe ʻEulopa i maʻa ʻole i kēlā ʻano hiʻohiʻona.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻO ka papaʻai o ka holoholona predatory e komo pū me nā ʻano holoholona a me nā mea kanu mea kanu. Hōʻike ʻia ka omnivorous kupaianaha i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka holoholona e ʻai i nā mea kanu make, carrion - nui a hōʻole ʻia e nā kamaʻāina ʻē aʻe o ka honua ola.
I ka hopu holoholona ahiahi, hopu nā civets i nā manu liʻiliʻi a me nā koʻokoʻo. Noho lākou i kahi hoʻohālua no ka manawa lōʻihi, ke kali nei no ke hoʻokokoke ʻana o ka mea pio. A laila hoʻouka lākou, me ka hopu lima ʻana i nā mea make me ko lākou niho. Hoʻopili ka predator i ka iwi kuamoʻo me kona mau niho, ʻūlū ma ka ʻāʻī. ʻAʻole hoʻohana ka civet i nā paws no ke ʻoki ʻana i nā kupapaʻu. Hāpai ka holoholona i ka mea i loko o ka waha me kona mau niho, haki i kona mau iwi i ke kaʻina o ka luliluli ʻana i kona poʻo.
ʻAi ʻoluʻolu ʻo Civets i nā mea kolo, kā lākou larvae, luku i nā pūnana, ʻahaʻaina i nā hua a me nā moa, e nānā no nā mea kolo, e ʻohi i nā kupapaʻu decomposed e piha me nā bacteria, e lawe ana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe ma nā kūlohelohe. ʻIke ʻia nā hoʻouka ʻana o nā civets ma nā moa kūloko, nā holoholona o ka pā.
Hoʻopili pū ʻo Civet i nā huaʻai i loko o kāna papaʻai, ʻai i nā tubers o nā mea kanu like ʻole, nā ʻāpana palupalu o nā ʻūlū kulina, nā huaʻawahia o nā ululāʻau tropical. ʻOiai ʻo ka strychnine i loaʻa i loko o ka chamebukha, ʻo ka emetic, ʻaʻole ia e hana ʻino i nā civets.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Ua makua kāne nā wahine Civet i ka makahiki o hoʻokahi. ʻOkoʻa ka manawa moena i nā ʻano nohona ʻokoʻa. ʻO kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi no ka wā hānau ka nui o ka meaʻai a me ke kau mahana. Ma ʻApelika Komohana, hānau nā civets i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa, ma ʻApelika Hema - mai ka mua o ʻAukake a Ianuali, ma Kenya, Tanzania - mai Malaki a i ka hopena o ʻOkakopa. ʻO ka ulu ʻana o Fetal he 2-3 mau mahina. I loko o ka makahiki, lawe mai ka civet wahine i 2-3 mau litters, a ʻo kēlā me kēia me nā 4-5 cubs.
No ka helehelena o nā keiki, hoʻolako ka civet i ka lua. ʻAʻole kūkulu ʻia kahi no ka pūnana, akā ua koho ʻia i waena o nā lua waiho o nā holoholona nui. I kekahi manawa kau ka wahine i nā mānoanoa, ma waena o nā aʻa a me nā mauʻu.
Hānau piha ʻia nā ʻōpala. Uhi ʻia nā kino i ka lauoho palupalu, a hiki i nā ʻīlio ke kolo pū kekahi. ʻO ka hulu, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā holoholona makua, ʻoi aku ka pouli, pōkole, hōʻike maikaʻi ʻole ʻia ke ʻano. I ka lima o ka lā, kū nā pēpē i ko lākou mau wāwae, hōʻike i ka hana pāʻani ma 10-12 mau lā o ka makahiki, i ka ʻumikūmāwalu, haʻalele lākou i ka hale.
Hānai ka wahine i ka wā hānai o nā keiki i nā ʻīlio me ka waiū a ʻeono mau pule. I ka makahiki o ʻelua mau mahina, hoʻomaka lākou e loaʻa kūʻokoʻa i ka meaʻai, lilo ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka waiū o ka makuahine.
ʻO ke ola ola i nā kūlana kūlohelohe he 10-12 mau makahiki. I nā kūlana kanaka, hoʻonui ke ola i 15-20. He mea nui nō naʻe ʻo nā civets ʻApelika i ka paʻa pio ʻana e luku pinepine i nā ʻīlio pēpē hou a ʻai i kā lākou keiki.
ʻO Civet a me kope
Kakaʻikahi nā ipo, a me nā mea kope kope, i ʻike e pili ana i ka ʻenehana o ka hana ʻana i nā ʻano mea nui loa o ka honua, ʻo Kopi Luwak. Kuhi kahi ʻano ʻē i ke ʻano kānalua i ka huahana, akā ʻaʻole pili kēia i nā kuʻuna i hoʻokumu ʻia, ka makemake kiʻekiʻe a me ke kumukūʻai o kahi ʻano elite, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ke kofe palaoa maoli. He aha ka pilina ma waena o ka holoholona civet a me kope?
Aia ka mea huna i ka ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka civet e ʻai i nā hua kofe pala loa. I loko o ka ʻōnaehana digestive o kahi mea hihiu hihiu, ʻaʻole i kākahu ʻia nā kīhāpai, ʻo nā ʻenemika o ka wai ʻōpū e hoʻoneʻe wale i ka ʻawaʻawa paʻa i ka inu. ʻO nā hua kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ma hope o ka hana ʻana i loko o ka digestive tract o ka holoholona, excreted transforms.
Hōʻiliʻili ka poʻe mahiʻai i ka huahana waiwai, holoi maikaʻi, hoʻomaloʻo, kūʻai aku i nā mea kūʻai aku. Kaulana ka ʻoihana civet ma Vietnam, Indonesia, Pilipine, India Hema, Java, Sulawesi a me nā pae ʻĀina ʻē aʻe. ʻO kekahi mau mokuʻāina he palena ko lākou i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka pahu civet.
ʻO ka puka ʻana o kahi mea inu elite ka hopena o ka stinginess pathological o ke alakaʻi o East Indies, ka mea i pāpā ʻole i nā ʻōiwi ke ʻono i nā hua o nā lāʻau kope a lākou i ulu ai. ʻO kahi kanaka mahiʻai ka mea mua i loaʻa kahi ala e ʻono ai i ka inu i ʻike ʻole ʻia, a laila ua loaʻa iā ia ka kaulana kaulana ʻole, ʻoiai he nui a hiki i kēia manawa e noʻonoʻo i ke ʻano o ka hoʻomākaukau barbaric.
Ua hoʻāʻo ʻia e hoʻohua holoholona ma ka pālākiō ʻoihana e hana i ka kofe maikaʻi ʻole. Kūlana nui ʻia ʻelima civet - kahi holoholona liʻiliʻi, a hiki i ka 54 cm ka lōʻihi, ke kaumaha a 4 kg. ʻO ka inoa o ka holoholona he musang, a ʻo ke kofe i loaʻa ma hope o ka hana ʻia ʻana e nā holoholona he kope musang.
Akā ʻike nā mea hoʻohihi maoli i kahi ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o kahi mea inu i loaʻa mai nā pīni hana a me ke kope mai nā hua i ʻohi ʻia e nā mahiʻai. ʻO ke kumu o ka emi ʻana o ka maikaʻi e waiho ana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole koho nā holoholona i nā mea kanu kope i nā pīni, akā ʻai i nā mea i hāʻawi ʻia. ʻO ke ʻano ʻōiwi kahi kauoha o ka nui ma mua o ka ʻoihana.
ʻO ka kofe Civet he exotic e like me nā holoholona iā lākou iho. He maluhia, hoʻomaʻamaʻa, ʻoluʻolu ʻole nā kānaka ʻōpio me ka manaʻo ʻole ʻole e kiʻi i musk a i ʻole ka pī kofe gula mai ka holoholona.
