ʻO ka pepelu, he kupa o nā ʻĀkia scute ʻĀkia Hikina, hoʻonui i kona pae a kū ma ka panalāʻau o Russia 5-6 mau makahiki i hala. ʻO kāna ala ma nā ʻĀpana ʻAmelika, hōʻike ʻo Europe expanses i kona ola, hiki i ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻololi. ʻPala marble lawe mai i ka pilikia nui i nā mahiʻai, nā poʻe noho kauwela. ʻO ke aʻo ʻana i ka parasite māla e ʻae iā ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻenemi i ka manawa, e pale aku ai i ka nalo ʻana o ka hua.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Hiki i kahi puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi me ke kino kinona thyroid ke lele. Ma lalo o nā carapace pentagonal ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele i mau ʻeheu pūnaewele me nā kiko ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kanaka makua he 12-17 mm. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka wehewehe ʻana i kahi pepeke mai kona ʻohana.
Akā hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka ʻenemi e nā kaha keʻokeʻo i kau ʻia ma nā wāwae, antennae-antennae. Hoʻokumu nā wahi ʻeleʻele a me nā kukui ma ka carapace i nā kiʻi marbled e hāʻawi i ka inoa i ka bug. Mālamalama ka peritoneum o ka ʻeneto. Inā ʻoe e nānā pono, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā kiko bluish ma ke poʻo.
ʻO ka inoa ʻepekema o ka nūpepa he halyomorpha halys, ʻo ka mana ʻōiwi ka ʻōpala pilau Asia. ʻAʻole i hāʻawi wale ʻia ka inoa kapakapa. Hoʻopuka ka pepeke i kahi ʻala ʻoluʻolu ʻole i nā hihia ʻelua:
- e hoʻowalewale i kekahi kāne ʻē aʻe;
- inā pilikia.
Hiki i ka antennae ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo ke hoʻokaʻawale maʻalahi i ka puʻupuʻu marble mai nā puʻupuʻu pōʻino ʻole.
Hōʻiliʻili nā glands kūikawā ma ka ʻōpū o lalo i kahi huna kūikawā a hiki i ka wā e pono ai. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka pepelu pilau i ka papa inoa o nā mea quarantine mai ka makahiki 2017, akā ʻaʻole kēia mea e hoʻōki i ka ʻenekini mai ka nui e noho ana i nā hale, nā hale i waho, nā wahi mālama kahi mea e loaʻa ai kahi waiwai.
Pepelu kinikini - insect o ke kauoha Hemiptera, he pest mea kanu. Hoʻolālā ʻia ka hāmeʻa waha o ka puʻupuʻu i mea e hiki ai iā ia ke hou i ka iwi o nā hua mea kanu me kahi proboscis kūikawā, e omo ana i ka wai, e hoʻolauna ana i ka lawehala me nā ʻenekima.
Ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ka pepelu, maʻalahi ka mea kanu i nā maʻi, nā maʻi ulu. Eʻeleʻele ka pūnaewele puncture, ulu ka nezrosis o nā mea kanu ma muli o ka maʻi bacteria o ka fetus.
He mea weliweli loa ka ʻāpala marble i ka hana kanu.
Hoʻololi, hoʻololi i nā hanana i ka pulp e hoʻopili i ka palatability o nā hua a me nā mea kanu. E haki nā hua hua ʻole, ke kū nei kā lākou hoʻomohala, nā mea i koe ma nā kumulāʻau, nāhelehele - pala.
ʻAneʻane hiki i nā mea kanu ke maʻalahi i ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka pepeke pilau, akā i ka nui o ka hua, ka palaoa, nā mea kanu mea kanu. Ma ʻAsia, ka ʻāina hānau o ka pōpō kinikini, helu nā ʻepekema ma mua o 300 mau mea kanu i hoʻouka ʻia e ia, e like me nā pua, nā laʻalāʻau, a me nā kumu waina.
Ke haki nei nā Persimmons, nā tangerine, ke kau wale nei nā hazelnuts, ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻia i ka wai a i ʻole ka waina mai nā hua waina i hōʻino ʻia. ʻO nā poho i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi pest mahiʻai a hiki i 40-70% o ka huina hua. Loaʻa nā pohō nui i nā māla a me nā mahiʻai ma muli o ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻokuʻu i nā mea kanu hua.
Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, hoʻopaʻa nā helu helu makahiki i nā piliona kālā he nui i nā lilo mai nā maʻi bedbug. ʻO ke ʻano o kahi pest ma ka ʻāina o Abkhazia kokoke, ma nā wahi hema o ko mākou ʻāina, ke kumu o ka hopohopo i waena o ka lehulehu.
He mea maʻalahi ke nānā aku i ke ʻano o kahi pepeke i loko o ka māla e kāna ʻano huna honi, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o kahi skunk a ferret paha. I ke kūlohelohe, lilo kēia mākaukau i pale pale i nā ʻenemi nāna e hōʻalo i ke kamaʻilio ʻana me nā ʻano ʻala "ʻaʻala".
Inā lawe ʻoe i kahi kī i kou mau lima, a laila kau ka pilau ma kou mau lima no ka manawa lōʻihi. I ka poʻe pili i nā hopena maʻi ʻaʻā, hiki i kēia hanana ke kumu, a me ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻole, nā hōʻike ʻeha.
Nā ʻano
ʻ .lepala kinikini brown kahi ʻano hoʻokahi, hiki i nā loea ke hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi i ka Asiatic Bug. Akā i nā wahi kahi i kolone ʻia ka pest, aia kekahi mau puʻupuʻu ʻē aʻe e like me ka nui, ke kala, ke ʻano, a hanaʻino ʻole i nā mea kanu i mahi ʻia.
Pepelu lāʻau ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Hoʻolahalaha ka ʻino ma nā wahi he nui. ʻIke pinepine ka poʻe noho kauwela iā ia i nā mānoanoa o nā raspberry, akā ʻaʻole hoʻowahāwahā ka scutellor i nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. I ka hāʻule ʻana, ʻike ʻia nā aka brownish i kahi kapa ʻōmaʻomaʻo, e like me ke kala o ka pōhaku kinikini. ʻAi wale ka pepeke lāʻau i nā kohu mea kanu, akā, i nā mea kolo make.
ʻŌmaʻomaʻo ʻo Nazara. Kahi noho ululāʻau e hoʻololi i ke kala me ke kau. I ka hāʻule ʻana, lilo ia i kekeke ulu ʻeleʻele, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ma waena o nā lau lau nahele. Hoʻonui ka ʻeheu liʻiliʻi i ka hiki ke neʻe i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai. Noho i nā kolone nui ma ka Teritori Krasnodar.
Pepelu pale berry. ʻO ke kino pālahalaha, uhi ʻia me nā lauoho, ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. ʻO kahi kaʻe ventral me kahi kiko ʻeleʻele a me melemele i kihi ʻia ma nā kaʻe o nā scutes. ʻO ka helehelena maʻamau he predatory. ʻIke pinepine ʻia ma nā mauʻu mauʻu, mauʻu mauʻu.
Nānā nā loea i nā hōʻailona kūikawā o kahi malihini kipa weliweli, kahi maʻalahi e ʻike iā ia. I kēia manawa ʻōpala marble i ka kiʻi hōʻike:
- nā kukui māmā ma ke kua a me ke poʻo;
- nā pā zygomatic like, ke piko steeply i mua;
- kahi kala ʻokoʻa o ka antennae: ka ʻāpana penultimate me kahi kumu keʻokeʻo a me ka apex, a ʻo ka mea hope loa me kahi kumu keʻokeʻo wale nō.
ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka helehelena marbled me nā scutellids ʻē aʻe e hōʻalo i ka huikau. ʻIke ʻia nā hōʻailona ʻano i ka pest i nā wā a pau o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, akā hōʻike nui ʻia i nā mākua, nā mākua.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
ʻO ka homeland mōʻaukala o ka ʻāpana kinikini ka panalāʻau o Hikina Hema Asia (Kina, Iāpana, Taiwan, Vietnam, nā ʻāina o ka Peninsula Kōlea). Mai ka 90 o ke kenekulia i hala, ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka wahi, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e uhi i nā panalāʻau hema o Kanada, ka hapa nui o nā mokuʻāina o ʻAmelika.
Ma hope o 10 mau makahiki, ua loaʻa ka bug Asiatic ma Switzerland, Nūhōlani, ʻEnelani. Me nā ukana o ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi, ua neʻe nā mea kolo i nā panalāʻau hou, ua hoʻololi maikaʻi ʻia ma laila.
Mai ka 2014, ua loaʻa ka pest ma Russia. ʻO nā helehelena mua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma Sochi, Krasnodar Teritori. ʻO ke anuanu a me ke anuanu i hāʻawi i ka laha ʻana o ka ʻāpala marble, nā pā ʻana o ka hānau nui ʻana, ua hoʻomaka ʻia e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā pohō hua.
Ua ʻae ʻia ʻo Rosselkhoznadzor e kau i ka hoʻopaʻi ma luna o nā huahana i loaʻa i nā bedbugs i lawe ʻia mai i loko o ka Russian Federation, akā ʻaʻole lawa kēia e kāpae aku ai i ka pest ma nā wahi āpau.
ʻAʻohe o ka ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka pepeke ma muli o ka pilau o kēia kolo. Ma nā ʻāina ʻĀkia wale nō kahi ʻāpā kūloko e parasitizes ana i nā hua hua moena. I nā wahi ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻāʻo ʻia e maunu i nā bedbugs me nā insecticides, akā ua ʻano hewa ʻole nā mea kolo i nā kemika. Ke hakakā nei i ka ʻāpana kinikini paʻakikī loa.
I ke kiʻi, nā larvae a me nā ʻōpio o ka puʻupuʻu marble
ʻEleu nā kukū aloha i ke kauwela, ke hānai nui lākou a hoʻoulu. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke aniau anuanu, hoʻomaka nā ʻenekini e ʻimi i nā puʻuhonua no ka hoʻoilo.
Hiki ke loaʻa nā huhui nui o nā puʻupuʻu ʻōleʻele i loko o nā hale, nā hale o ka ʻāina, a me nā hale ponoʻī. Mahalo ka poʻe he nui he aha ka makaʻu o ka ʻāpala kinikini, ʻoiai makaʻu lākou i ka pilau ʻole wale nō, akā nahu pū nō hoʻi, ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka maʻi.
ʻAʻohe nahu iki nā bedbugs, akā hiki iā lākou ke hōʻike i ka huhū i ka wā hānau, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hoʻopili ʻia ka proboscis e hou i ka ʻili kanaka. Huli ʻulaʻula ke kahua puncture, ʻike ʻia ka ʻili, ʻo ia paha ka hōʻike o kahi ʻalohā ʻāpiki ma ka ʻili, pehu.
E hoʻopau i nā hopena o ka mumū, koi ʻia e holoi i ka wahi nahu me ka wai soapy, hoʻopili i ke anuanu. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kahi hamo lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā e kūʻē i nā nahu o nā insect me nā pono antibacterial e hōʻalo ai i kahi hopena maʻi ʻino. Pili ka wā o ka diapuse me ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka hana hoʻohua, mālama nā ʻōpala i ka ikehu no ka ala ʻana o ka puna.
Noho i loko o nā māwae, nā hakahaka o ka ʻaukā, hopu hewa nā kolo i ka hoʻonui i nā hola o ke ao, kahi hoʻololi o ka mahana. I kekahi manawa, ʻumeʻume ka mehana o ka nohona kanaka i nā bedbugs, kahi e hoʻomālamalama nei i nā kukui uila, e ʻohiʻohi ana ma ke kaupaku. ʻO ia mau hoʻouka kaua ʻaʻole hoʻohauʻoli i ka poʻe.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻO ka pīhoihoi o ka ʻāpana kinikini i ka meaʻai ka mea hoʻoweliweli nui i ka mahiʻai. ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā lāʻau huaʻai āpau a me nā māla māla ʻē aʻe e hoʻoweliweli ʻia me ka luku. ʻAʻohe kūpono nā hua me nā kiko mai nā nahu nahu no ka meaʻai, hana. Lilo nā mahiʻai i nā loaʻa kālā mai ka luku ʻia ʻana o ke kulina, nā legume, nā nati, nā peach, nā ʻāpala, nā persimmons, nā pears.
ʻAʻole wale ka hua i make, akā pinepine ka mea kanu iā ia iho, ʻoiai ka omo e hū i ka wai mai nā kumu a me nā lau. Ma Abkhazia wale nō, ua helu ʻia he 32 mau ʻano mea kanu i hōʻino ʻia e ka ʻenekia. Ua ʻeha nā māla i nā pohō mai ka waiwai o nā raspberry, nā blueberry, nā pepa ʻono, nā kukama, nā ʻōmato.
Ma nā pae a pau o ka hoʻomohala ʻenekini, ʻai nā larva a me nā mākua i nā mea kanu like. Ua ʻike nā ʻepekema i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā mea kanu i mahi ʻia, hānai ka pepelu kinikini i nā nāhelehele, no laila ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli ka moku o ka pōloli iā ia.
ʻO ka Phytoplasmosis, ka mea i lawe ʻia e ka ʻāpala marble brown, he mea ia e hoʻoweliweli i nā mea kanu. ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi he mau kiko ma ka umu ahi, melemele o nā lau.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hoʻomaka ka wā hānau no nā bedbugs ma waena o ʻApelila. Lawe kēlā me kēia wahine i nā keiki i ʻekolu mau manawa i ka makahiki. ʻO ka nui o nā hua i kau ʻia i kēlā me kēia kau he 250-300 ʻāpana.
Ua aʻo maikaʻi ʻia ke ola pōʻaiapuni o ka ʻāpala kinikini, ʻo kona lōʻihi he 6-8 mau mahina. I ka pūnāwai, hoʻomoe nā wahine i nā hua i nā kua o nā lau. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā paila o nā pōpō liʻiliʻi, ma kahi o 1.5 mm ke anawaena. Ke keʻokeʻo o nā hua manu, melemele uila, i kekahi manawa ʻeleʻele, ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka lau i kahi i ʻike ʻia ai ke paʻa ua melemele a hāʻule i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.
Ma hope o 2-3 mau wiki, ʻike ʻia nā larvae (nymphs). Eia hou, ke hele nei ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻāpana kinikini i nā pae ʻelima, ʻano o nā ʻano scutellids e pili ana. I kēlā me kēia pae, hoʻololi ke ʻano o nā larvae. ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi pepeke makua he 35-45 mau lā, ke kaukaʻi ʻia i ka mahana o ka wela.
ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā bedbugs i ka wā ulu me ka loli o ka helehelena ua alakaʻi hewa ʻia i nā ʻepekema - paʻakikī e hoʻoholo he hoʻokahi pepeke kēia ma nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka hoʻomohala:
ʻO ke kahua ʻekahi - nā aniani ʻalani hohonu, ma kahi o 2 mm ka lōʻihi;
Papa 2 - ʻeleʻele ka larvae i ʻeleʻele;
Papa 3 - e māmā ke kala, ʻaneʻane keʻokeʻo, 12 mm ka lōʻihi;
ʻOihana 4-5 - ka manawa e kiʻi ai i ka nui a me ke ʻano o kahi puʻupuʻu mākua.
ʻO ka manawa o kēlā me kēia pae ma kahi o hoʻokahi pule. I ka mokuʻāina o kahi nymph, ʻaʻole hiki i nā ʻūlū ke lele, akā ma hope ua hiki iā lākou ke huakaʻi i nā wahi kūpono i ka wikiwiki a 3 m / s. Hele pinepine nā huakaʻi kinikini i nā kaʻaahi a me nā mokulele e halihali ana i nā hua a me nā mea kanu.
Nā ala e hakakā ai i ka pepeke
ʻ claimlelo nā ʻepekema ʻo ka mālama pono ʻana o ka puʻukana marble e hoʻomaka me ka ʻike mua ʻana. Kōkua nā hana Preventive i ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻohi a 45%.
ʻO nā kiʻina maʻamau i hōʻoia iā lākou iho i ka hana:
- ʻokoʻa nā maunu pheromone pahele kīpaku kinikini. ʻImi ʻia e nā pilau, lawe ʻia nā mea kolo i loko o nā pahu (ipu), mālama ʻia nā paia me kahi mea hoʻopili. E hōʻiliʻili ʻia i 600 mau ʻeke i ka hei i kēlā me kēia pule;
- ka pīpī ʻana i nā mea kanu me kahi hopena mushroom (nā ʻano o Beauveria bassiana). Ma muli o ke kaʻina hana, a i 60% o nā māpala marble e make;
- ʻohiʻohi mīkini o nā pepelu e ka lima, a ma hope e mālama pono ʻia nā mea kanu.
Pehea e hana ai me kahi puʻupuʻu marble, hoʻoholo ka lehulehu i ke kumu o ka nui o kāna kaʻana. I nā hale kau wela, waiho nā mea nona nā pahu i piha me nā nūpepa kahiko a me ka pepa pahu i ka hopena o ke kauwela.
Hoʻohana ka poʻe he nui i nā pahele ʻōpala marble homemade.
Hūnā nā bedbugs i loko o lākou me ka lana o ka manaʻo. Puhi ʻia nā pūpū o nā haneli haneli. I kekahi manawa hoʻokomo nā māla adventurous i nā pahu wai soapy ma lalo o ke kukui o kahi kukui pākaukau i ka pō. ʻAʻole hiki i nā bedbugs i ʻākoakoa e hoʻomehana iā lākou iho i ka hopena.
ʻAʻohe pōmaikaʻi mai ka poka kinikini. Hōʻike nā mea ʻino i ka pūʻali koa o nā parasites a nā kānaka e hakakā nei no ka manawa lōʻihi. Akā aia kahi hoihoi maoli i kahi mea ola e hoʻolōʻihi, hiki ke hoʻololi i nā kūlana kūlohelohe ma nā ʻāina ʻokoʻa. Ma ke ala, inā pono ʻoe e hōʻona i nā bedbugs, a laila e kōkua kēia pūnaewele iā ʻoe.
