Python - he mea kolo mai ka ʻohana o nā nahesa non-venomous e noho nei ma ʻApelika, ʻAsia a me ʻAukekulia hoʻi. Ua haku nā pythons ʻApelika i ka ʻāina ma ka hema o ka Sahara. Kūleʻa ka poʻe Āsia ma India, Nepal, ma ka hema hikina o ka ʻāina nui, ma nā mokupuni, me Oceania hoʻi. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Australia ma ke kai komohana a ma nā mokuʻāina o ka Continent Green.
I nā makahiki 70 o ke kenekulia i hala, lawe ʻia nā pythons i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Hoʻololi lākou, ʻoluʻolu loa i nā kahawai o Florida. Hoʻohua maikaʻi lākou a ulu i kahi lōʻihi o 5 mau mika.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Aia i loko o ka ʻohana python nā nahesa nui loa o ka honua. A ʻaʻole wale nā mea nui. Ulu a ulu ʻo Australian Antaresia perthensis a hiki i 60 cm wale nō. ʻAʻole like ka nui o nā moʻo, akā ʻo kā lākou kala kala.
Pili ke kala o nā nahesa i kahi e noho ai a e ʻimi ai ka python. Ma nā ʻili o kekahi ʻano, he kāhiko hoʻoliʻiliʻi kēia. ʻŌlelo hou python i loko o ke kiʻi hōʻike i ka nani a me ka paʻakikī o ke kaha kiʻi ʻana.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā laha i loaʻa ka mosaic, nā kiko kikoʻī a me nā kahakaha ma ke kino. Aia nā moʻo kele ʻeleʻele. Aia nā pythons albino. Python keʻokeʻo ʻoi aku ka ʻike ʻia i nā terrarium i loko o ka hale ma mua o ke kūlohelohe.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā laha i loaʻa i nā ʻona sensory kikoʻī ma ka lehelehe: nā lua labial. ʻO kēia nā mea loaʻa infrared. ʻAe lākou iā ʻoe e ʻike i ke alo o kahi holoholona mehana koko kokoke.
O na poo o na nahesa, he huinakolu ia. Pihi nā niho, hāwili i loko, e hāʻawi ana i kahi paʻa paʻa o ka mea pio. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o nā niho o ka nahesa ma mua o ka terrestrial. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka lā a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka lāhui lāʻau.
Python — nahesa, ʻaʻole i hala i ke ala evolutionary holoʻokoʻa. Hiki ke kapa ʻia nā ʻano ʻelua no ka mea i manaʻo ʻia ka python he nahesa primitive a haʻahaʻa hoʻi.
- Nā lālā hope Rudimentary, i kapa ʻia ʻo spurs.
- ʻElua māmā.
I nā nahesa kiʻekiʻe, nalowale loa nā ʻōuli o nā lālā. Ma ke ʻano he hopena o ka evolution, ua noho hoʻokahi lung i nā mea kolo mai ka ʻohana nui o nā mea kiʻekiʻe.
Nā ʻano
Hiki ke paʻakikī loa e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano o ka mea kolo. Snakes boa a me ka python ʻike ʻia he ʻano like i ka layman. Akā he ʻohana ʻohana mamao loa lākou. No nā ʻohana ʻokoʻa lākou.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana i keiki: boas are viviparous, pythons are oviparous. Aia i loko o ka ʻohana python kekahi mau moʻomeheu e noho nei ma Australia a me Oceania. He nahesa liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi kēia.
- Antaresia
ʻO Genus o nā moʻo Nūhōlani. Hiki ke loli ka lōʻihi o kahi kolo kolo makua mai 0.5 m a 1.5 m. Ma waho o Australia, loaʻa ia ma ka hikina o New Guinea. Loaʻa i ka genus nā ʻano 4. Mālama pinepine ʻia i nā terrarium home. Ua loaʻa i ka genus ka inoa o kahi hōkū mai ka hōkū ʻo Scorpio i ka makahiki 1984 i ka wā o ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana o ka meaola biological.
- Apodora
Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia ʻano i hoʻokahi ʻano. Noho ʻo ia ma ka mokupuni ʻo New Guinea. Ua lawa ka nahesa. Mai 1.5m a 4.5m i ka lōʻihi. Holo i ka auwina la o ka po. ʻO ka ʻili o ka ʻili he ʻoliva a ʻeleʻele paha. Hiki i nā koho hoʻololi hoʻololi like: ʻeleʻele kua ʻeleʻele, ʻaoʻao melemele-ʻeleʻele, a me nā mea like. Hoʻolālā maikaʻi ia i ke ola i nā terrarium.
- ʻApidite
ʻO ka inoa lua o kēia ʻano ka python poʻo ʻeleʻele. ʻO kahi kino melemele-ʻeleʻele me nā ʻāpana transverse e pāpale ʻia me kahi poʻo ʻeleʻele. Loaʻa ma ka ʻākau a me ka waena o ʻAukekulia. ʻO kona wahi noho nā ululāʻau, nā mahina ʻai i ulu nui ʻia me nā nāhelehele, nā pāpū mai Queensland a Cape Leveque.
- Kahalewai
Kāhea ʻia kahi moʻo o kēia genus he python lipped keʻokeʻo. Piʻi ia a 2-3 mau mika ka lōʻihi. Pena ʻia ke kino i ke kala like. Aia ke kala i ka nohona. ʻOkoʻa nā koho: hina, ʻaneʻane ʻeleʻele, brown, melemele. Hiki ke hoʻololi i waena.
- Liasis
ʻO ka genus o nā pythons, aia he ʻelima mau lā hou a hoʻokahi fossil, ʻo Liasis dubudingala. He nahesa nunui kēlā. Ua piʻi kona lōʻihi i 10 mau mika. Ua noho ʻo ia ma ka Pliocene mua.
- Morelia.
Loaʻa i kēia ʻano nā ʻano 4. I nā wā i hala iho nei, ua komo pū me 7 mau lāhui hou aʻe. Kapa ʻia nā moʻo i loko o ka genus i kapa ʻia he pythons rhombic.
- Python
He genus kēia o nā pythons maoli. Ua kapa ʻia nā Helene kahiko ʻo Python a i ʻole Python i loko o kā lākou mau kaʻao he nahesa e kiaʻi ana i ka puka o kahi o ka hoʻolaha kilokilo. Ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Delphic oracle. ʻAʻole mālama ka nahesa i ka wānana, akā ua luku hoʻi i nā wahi o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Delphi. Ua hoʻopau ke akua ʻo Apollo i ka hana hoʻomāinoino a ka nahesa: ua luku ʻo ia i kahi kolo kolo nunui.
Ua noho nā nahesa nui ma ʻEulopa. Ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i ko lākou mau koena, ua ʻike ka ʻepekema he ʻano kēia o nā pythons ʻEulopa fossil mai ka genus Python. Ua ola lākou i ka wā Miocene. Pau i ka wā o ka Pliocene, ma kahi o 4-5 miliona mau makahiki i hala. Loaʻa i ka genus o nā pythons maoli he 11 mau laha.
- Python dwarf. He nahesa ʻaʻoleʻoi aku ma mua o 1.8 mau mika. Noho i nā māla Angolan a me Namibian, ulu i nā ulu lāʻau. Ua hāʻawi ka wahi nui i ka mea kolo i inoa waena - ka Angolan python.
- Python pouli Tiger. ʻO kahi nahesa nui a i 5 mau mika ka lōʻihi a me 75 kilokilo i ke kaupaona. Noho ia ma nā wahi hikina hema o ʻAsia a ma kekahi mau mokupuni ma Indonesia.
- ʻO Breitenstein's motley python. Noho i nā ulu nahele tropical o Asia hikina. Piʻi kahi makua i 2, kākaʻikahi ka 3 mau mika. Hoʻohanohano ʻia kēia moʻo e ka huelo pokole a me kahi kino manoanoa.
- Python ʻike ʻulaʻula. He kamaaina ka nahesa ma Asia. Ma ka hikina hema o ka ʻāina nui, ua ulu ʻo ia i nā ululāʻau momona. Hele i nā māla mahiʻai. Hiki iā ia ke noho i nā wāwae, i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 2000 mau mika. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia e nā ʻano kala like ʻole.
- Python huelo pōkole. Hōʻike ka inoa i ka peculiarity o ke ʻano o ke kino: he huelo pokole ko ka nahesa a he kino nui. Piʻi a 3 mika. Nā lāhui ma Indonesia: Bali, Sumatra a me Beltinga. Loaʻa ma Vietnam a me Thailand.
- Tiger Python... Kūleʻa ia i nā wahi hema hikina o ʻAsia, ma nā mokupuni ʻo Indonesia. Ua mākaukau ʻo ia i nā ʻano ʻāina like ʻole: nā ululāʻau humuhū, nā wahi ulu lāʻau, nā laʻalāʻau, nā wāwae.
- Python ʻAitiopa. Hāʻawi ʻia ka inoa e ka ʻāina kahi i loaʻa pinepine ai. Akā ʻaʻole ia e noho wale ma laila. ʻIke ʻia ma nā wahi hema o ka Sahara. Hoʻololi ka lōʻihi o ka mea kolo mai 3 a 6 mau mika.
- Python aliʻi... Kahi noho o nā ululāʻau, nā awāwa a me nā savannas o West and Central Africa. ʻO kekahi o nā lāhui liʻiliʻi loa. ʻAʻole lōʻihi ka lōʻihi ma mua o 1.3 mika. Inā loaʻa ka makaʻu, ʻōwili ʻia ia i pōpō. No laila, kapa pinepine ʻia ia he pōpoki python, a pōpō paha.
- Hieroglyph python. Kapa ʻia ka nahesa ʻo ka python seba. I ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ka mea loea kia Hōlani ʻo Albert Seb. Aia kekahi inoa ʻekolu: python pōhaku. Hiki i kēia kamaʻāina o ʻApelika ke ulu a i 6 mau mika a ʻoi paha i ka lōʻihi. ʻO kekahi o nā nahesa lōʻihi loa i ʻike ʻia ma ʻApelika.
- Python i ʻōlelo hou ʻia. Noho ma Hindustan a me ke Kōlea Korea. Ua noho ʻo ia ma nā mokupuni ʻo ʻInidonesia a me Pilipine. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā nāhesa nui loa. Ua hōʻike kekahi o nā zoologists, keu hoʻi i ka wā i hala, i nā ana kupaianaha ma mua o 10 mau mika. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua nānā ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona i hiki aku i 7 mau mika ka lōʻihi.
I ka 2011 ʻano o nā pythons ʻo nā mea o kēia manawa i kākoʻo ʻia e Python kyaiktiyo - hopena i kekahi o nā wahi o Myanmar.
Ka noho a me ka nohona
ʻO ke aniau mehana a me ka wela ke kumu nui no ka noho ʻana o nā pythons. Hiki iā lākou ke noho i nā ululāʻau, nā kahawai, nā wahi ākea a me nā puʻu, a ʻo nā waihona pohaku a me nā puʻu hoʻi.
ʻO nā pythons i lawe ʻia i ʻAmelika Hema i kahi ʻano maikaʻi. ʻAʻole pono lākou e hoʻololi i kā lākou maʻamau a hoʻomaʻa no ka manawa lōʻihi. ʻO ke ʻano o ka Florida Everglades i kūlike i ke ʻano aniau a me nā hiʻona o nā pythons.
Mākaukau kekahi ʻano o nā pythons i ka piʻi ʻana i nā kumulāʻau. ʻAneʻane ʻauʻau maikaʻi nā kānaka āpau. Akā ʻaʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia hoʻokahi ʻano wikiwiki. Huki ʻia nā pythons i mua. Lean i ka honua me ka mua o ke kino. Hoʻopaʻa i ka midsection a me ka huelo. Huki hou ke alo o ke kino i mua.
Kapa ʻia kēia ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana o ka nahesa ʻo rectilinear. He mea maʻamau ia no nā ʻano moʻo nui. Liʻiliʻi ka wikiwiki o ka neʻe. Ma kahi o 3-4 km / h. Kahi mamao python nui hiki ke piʻi i nā wikiwiki a i 10 km / h.
ʻO ka nani, ke ʻano predatory a me ka mea pohihihi i loko o nā nahesa i hana pinepine i nā pythons o nā terrarium home. Royal, aka python melemele ʻike i nā mea i makemake ʻia i waena o nā mea aloha a me nā amateurs.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻO ka Pythons he carnivorous. Lilo nā holoholona like ʻole i mea pio. Aia ia i ka nui o ka nahesa. ʻO nā ʻano liʻiliʻi a me nā nahesa ʻōpio ʻoluʻolu me nā ʻole, nā moʻo, a me nā manu. ʻO ka papaʻai o nā kānaka nui e komo pū me nā moʻo, nā wallabies, nā antelope, a me nā puaʻa hihiu. Hiki i nā holoholona holoholona ke lilo i pahu hopu holoholona o python.
Hoʻohālua ʻo Pythons i nā holoholona. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka ʻupena no ka mea pio ma nā ʻano like ʻole: i waena o nā mauʻu kiʻekiʻe, i nā kumulāʻau, i hoʻopailua ʻia i ka wai. ʻO ka hana nui a ka mea hahai holoholona, ʻo ia ke komo i loko o kona mau niho i kahi holoholona a me nā manu me ke kīloi ʻole. Hoʻopili hou ʻo ia iā ia i ke apo a kaomi. Hoʻomaha ka mea pio i ka hanu a me ke kahe o ke koko. Hele ʻo Python e ale i ka pahu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.
Hiki ke wehe ʻia nā ā ā o ka moʻo e like me ka makemake. ʻAe kēia i kahi holoholona nui, e like me ka antelope makua, e ale holoʻokoʻa. Ma hope o ka ale ʻana, kolo ka python i kahi palekana, mai kona wahi o ka manaʻo, wahi. Hele i ka ʻeli ʻana i ka ʻaina awakea. ʻ claimlelo nā Zoologists hiki i nā moʻo o kēia genus ke hele me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai a hiki i hoʻokahi makahiki a me ka hapa.
ʻO Herbivores a me nā holoholona o nā ʻano a me nā nui i lilo i waiwai pio no nā pythons. I nā wahi kahi e noho ai nā crocodiles a i ʻole nā alligators, hiki i kēia mau mea kolo ke ʻeli ʻia a ale ʻia. Akā aia kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kālā. Hoʻopilikia nā moʻo iā lākou iho mai nā mea hōkai. Ma Australia mai nā kūpaka like, ma ʻApelika mai nā pōpoki nui, nā ʻīlio hae, nā manu nui a me nā mea ʻaihue ʻē aʻe.
Ua hōʻike ka makasina National Geografic i kahi hanana pōʻino ma Indonesia i Iune 2018. Ua hōʻeha ʻo Python i kahi wahine 54 mau makahiki e hana ana i kāna māla mea kanu. Ua kaumaha ka hopena o ka wahine mahiʻai. I hoʻokahi makahiki ma mua, ma nā wahi like python i haʻi hou ʻia hoʻouka i kahi ʻōpio a ale iā ia.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
I ka makahiki 5-6, hiki i nā pythons ke hana hou. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka makemake e hoʻomau i ka heihei ʻaʻole wale ma ka makahiki a me ke kau o ka kalena, akā me ka loaʻa o ka meaʻai. Hōʻike kahi wahine makua kolohe i kona mākaukau e hana hou me ke kōkua o pheromones.
Loaʻa ke kāne iā ia ma ke ala ala. Hoʻopili nā nahesa kekahi i kekahi. Massages ke kāne i ke kino o ka moʻo hoa me nā ʻaoʻao mua o nā lālā hope. ʻO ka hopena o ka hoʻonāukiuki like ʻana he moʻa ʻana.
ʻO nā ʻano pythons āpau he oviparous. Hoʻomākaukau ka wahine i ka pūnana - kahi kaumaha o ke pola i ka lepo a i ʻole wahie popopo. Hana ʻia ka moe ʻana i 2-3 mau mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. Loaʻa iā ia kahi helu nui o nā hua manu. Hoʻopaʻa i nā paʻa hoʻopaʻa i 100 mau hua, ʻo ka maʻamau ka palena o ka hihia i nā ʻāpana 20-40.
Ke kiaʻi nei ka wahine i ka paʻa. ʻOiai ko lākou ʻoluʻolu, mālama nā pythons i ka hoʻomehana i nā keiki, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā pūpū. Me ka emi o ka mahana, hoʻomaka nā mākala o ka nahesa i ka ʻaelike wikiwiki a me ka maikaʻi, haʻalulu. Hoʻomaka ka hopena o ka thermogenesis i kapa ʻia ʻo contractile.
ʻAʻole ʻai ka wahine i ka manawa o ka incubation holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole komo ke kāne i kēia hana. I ʻelua mau mahina ma hope mai, hānau ʻia nā pythons ʻōpio. ʻAʻole komo nā mākua i ka hopena hou o ka hua. Me ka laki maikaʻi loa, hiki i nā pythons ke ola i 25-35 mau makahiki.
