Hōʻike ka inoa o kēia nahesa i nā ʻōlelo āpau i ka hiki i ka mea kolo ke kolo, pop, rattle. ʻO ka walaʻau e hoʻomanaʻo ai i ke kani o ka maracas. Akā ʻaʻole kēia ka mele leʻaleʻa loa.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Wahi a ka mana nui, ʻalalā ʻalalā me ke kōkua o kahi ʻāʻī, e ao a makaʻu i nā ʻenemi. He mea maʻalahi ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi mea kani. Ke hoʻoheheʻe, hana kahi ʻāpana o nā pā keratin ma ka piko o ka huelo. Hoʻokumu ke kaʻina o kēia mau ʻāpana i kahi hanana i hiki ke kani: kahi lulu, kahi ʻā.
Lulu nā mākala lulu kūikawā i ka piko o ka huelo me ke alapine o kahi o 50 Hz. Hoʻoiho ka haʻalulu i ka leo. Wehewehe kēia no ke aha i kapa ʻia ai kahi ʻāole hihi.
ʻO ka nui o nā molts i loko o ka nahesa ma muli o ka loaʻa o ka meaʻai a me ka ulu o ka ulu. Ke hoʻolei i ka ʻili kahiko, ulu ka ʻiole i hoʻokahi ʻāpana hou aʻe. Hāʻule paha nā ʻāpana kahiko. ʻO ia, ʻaʻole hōʻike ka nui o ka ratchet i ka makahiki o ka nahesa.
Manaʻo nā ʻepekema ʻo ka hiʻona nui o kēia nāhesa ʻaʻole ka hiki ke poha, akā ke kū ʻana o ʻelua sensor infrared. Aia lākou i nā lua ma ke poʻo, ma waena o nā maka a me nā puka ihu. No laila, mai ka ʻohana o ka moonihoawa, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāhiu i loko o ka ʻohana o nā ʻāpala lua.
Hana nā mea ʻike infrared ma kahi mamao iki. Ma kahi o 30-40 cm. Ua lawa kēia e hana ai i kahi ʻimi pō maikaʻi i nā holoholona mehana koko. Pilikia loa nā mea loaʻa infrared. Kuhi lākou i kahi ʻokoʻa mahana o 0,003 ° C. Hiki iā lākou ke hana kūʻokoʻa a kōkua paha i nā maka e hoʻonui i ka mōakāka o ke kiʻi i ka kukui haʻahaʻa loa.
ʻO nā maka o nā ʻāhiu, e like me nā mea ʻike infrared, ke nānā nei i ka hana ʻana i ka pouli. Akā nāwaliwali ka maka o nā nakeke. Hoʻopaʻa ia i ka neʻe. He paʻakikī e hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā mea paʻa.
ʻAʻole like me ka ʻike maka, loaʻa ka nahesa i ka pilau. I ke kaʻina o ka ʻimi ʻana i ka pilau, hana nā piko ihu a me nā alelo nahesa, nāna e lawe i nā mole ʻala i nā ʻaoʻao peripheral o ka ʻōnaehana olfactory.
ʻAʻohe pepeiao o waho o nā moʻo. ʻAʻole maikaʻi ke kani o ka pepeiao waena. Kālele ʻia i ka ʻike o nā haʻalulu o ka lepo i lawe ʻia ma o ka ʻōnaehana iwi. Loaʻa i nā ʻāpana ʻo Rattlesnake i nā kaula i hoʻopili ʻia i nā gona ʻona.
I ka manawa o ka nahu, ua ʻaelike nā mākala a puni nā glands a hoʻokomo ʻia ka lāʻau make i loko o ka mea i loaʻa. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana o ka hana ʻana i ka lāʻau make a me ka luku ʻana i nā mea make ke hana mai ka wā hānau. Aia nā ʻīlio hoʻokoe ma hope o nā canine ʻeleu. Inā lilo, ua pani ʻia nā niho ʻino.
Nā ʻano
Nā nahesa, ka mea me ka ʻole o nā uku hōʻemi hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me he rattlesnakes o 2 genera. He mau ʻāhiu maoli lākou (inoa ʻōnaehana: Crotalus) a me nā ʻāhiu piʻo (inoa inoa: Sistrurus). Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia mau genera ʻelua i loko o ka subfamily o pit vines (inoa ʻōnaehana: Crotalinae).
ʻO nā ʻohana o nā ʻāheu maoli a me nā manu liʻiliʻi hoʻi i nā mea kolo kaulana e like me ka moʻo, nā moʻo poʻo poʻo, nā mea ulu lāʻau, nā keffiys luakini. ʻO ka genus o nā rattlesnakes maoli he 36 mau ʻano. ʻO ka mea kaulana loa o lākou:
- ʻ .hā puʻupuʻu Rhombic. Loaʻa ma USA, Florida. Nui ka nahesa, a i 2.4 m ka lōʻihi. Hānau ʻia i 7 a i 28 mau cubs e ana ana ma kahi o 25 cm.
- ʻ .hā ʻāʻī ʻo Texas. Loaʻa ma Mekiko, USA a me ka hema o Kanada. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka nahesa i 2.5 m, ke kaumaha 7 kg.
- ʻTleshihi puʻe kolohe. Loaʻa kona inoa ma muli o ka nui. Ua lōʻihi ka lōʻihi i 2 mau mika. Loaʻa ma Mekiko komohana.
- Loaʻa ka inoa o ka rattlesnake ʻāwi i nā ʻili i luna o nā maka, e like me nā pepeiaohao a hoʻohana ʻia e pale aku i nā maka mai ke one. ʻO kekahi o nā nāhelehe liʻiliʻi. Loaʻa kona lōʻihi mai 50 a 80 cm. Kēia ʻalalā i kiʻi ʻia hōʻike pinepine kona mau pepeiaohao.
- ʻO ka rattlesnake weliweli, ma nā ʻāina ʻōlelo Paniolo i kapa ʻia ʻo cascavella. ʻAmelika ʻAmelika Hema. Nahu ʻo Rattlesnake weliweli, e like me kona inoa. Hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i nā hopena koʻikoʻi inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hāʻawi i ke kōkua olakino i ka manawa.
- ʻ .ole peʻa lipe. Noho ia ma ka hikina o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. He nahesa weliweli, make make ka mea make.
- ʻ .lue poʻo poʻo liʻiliʻi. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia ma waena a me Mekiko hema. Liʻiliʻi ka nahesa i ka nui. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o 60 cm.
- ʻ .hue puʻu pōhaku. Noho i ka hema o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Mexico. Hiki i ka lōʻihi i 70-80 knm. Ikaika ka mea make, akā ʻaʻole huhū ka nahesa, no laila he kakaikahi ka poʻe i nahu ʻia.
- 'Rathi ahiu a Mitchell. Ua kapa ʻia ma hope o ke kauka nāna i aʻo i ka lāʻau ʻakehe i ka 19 kenekulia. Loaʻa ma USA a me Mexico. Ua piʻi ka makua i 1 mika.
- ʻĀhiu ʻeleʻele huelo ʻeleʻele. Noho ma waenakonu o Mexico a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Kūlike ka inoa i ka hiʻohiʻona waho nui: ʻalalā ʻalalā ka ʻeleʻele. Mea kope o ka liʻiliʻi waena. ʻAʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 1 mika i ka lōʻihi. Noho no ka manawa lōʻihi. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kahi hihia i hiki i ka makahiki 20.
- ʻ .hā ʻai holoholona ʻo Mekiko. Noho ma waena o Mexico. ʻO ka nui o nā nāhesa he 65-68 cm. Loaʻa iā ia kahi hiʻohiʻona nani, ʻokoʻa i nā ʻāhiu ʻāhiu ʻē aʻe.
- ʻ .lau ʻālina Arizona. Noho ʻo Mekiko a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Liʻiliʻi ka nahesa. Lōʻihi a i 65 cm.
- ʻTleshue ʻulaʻula. Nā lāhui ma Mekiko a me Kaleponi Hema. Hiki i kona lōʻihi a i 1.5 mau mika. Ikaika ka mea make. Akā ʻaʻole huhū ka nahesa. Aia kekahi mau pōʻino me kona komo pū ʻana.
- ʻ .hihi ʻino a Steineger. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ma muli o ka herpetologist kaulana ʻo Leonard Steinger, ka mea i hana ma ke Kula Nui ʻo Norewai i nā kenekulia 19 a me 20. Loaʻa ka nahesa ma nā kuahiwi o Mekiko komohana. He ʻano laha ʻole loa. Piʻi ia a i 58 knm. Hōʻike ia i kahi lulu i lohe ʻole ʻia.
- ʻTleshihi ʻāhiika. Noho ma ka mokuʻāina ʻo ʻAlikona a me ka mokuʻāina ʻo Sonora ʻo Mekiko. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o 70-80 cm.ʻO ka mea make o kēia mea kolo kuhi ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea maikaʻi loa ma waena o nā ʻāhiu ʻāhi.
- ʻ .lau iwi ʻāheha kea. He ʻano laha ʻole i loaʻa ma waena o Mexico. ʻO ia paha ka lunamakaʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa o nā lūlū maoli. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o 0.5 m.
- ʻ .hue ʻāhiu. Hōʻike ka inoa i ke kala hina-ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka mea kolo. Noho i ka wao nahele a me nā mauna ma Kanada, USA a me Mexico. Hiki i 1.5 mau mika i ka lōʻihi.
- ʻO ko Willard ihu ihu a i ʻole rattlesnake. Ua hana ka poʻe o ʻAlikona i kēia nahesa he hōʻailona o ka mokuʻāina. Loaʻa ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me nā moku ʻākau o Mexico. Piʻi ia i 65 cm.
ʻO ka genus o nā manu ʻāʻī puʻupuʻu e hoʻopili wale i ʻelua mau ʻano:
- Massasauga a i ʻole ka rattlesnake kaulahao. Noho ia, e like me nā ʻano pili like, ma Mekiko, USA, ma ka hema o Kanada. ʻAʻoleʻoi aku ma mua o 80 cm ka lōʻihi.
- ʻTleslau puʻu palaoa millet. Noho ma ka hema hikina o ʻAkau ʻAmelika. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o 60 cm.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
ʻO ʻAmelika kahi hānau. ʻO ka palena ʻākau o ka pae ma ka hema komohana o Kanada. Hema - Argentina. ʻO ka nui o nā ʻano rattlenakes e noho ana ma Mekiko, Texas a me ʻAlikona.
ʻOiai he holoholona anuanu ke koko, kau lākou i nā koi kiʻekiʻe ma ke aniau wela. Basically, noho ka ʻalalā i nā wahi kahi o ka mahana mahana 26-32 ° C. Akā hiki iā ia ke kū i ka mahana pōkole ke iho i lalo i -15 ° C.
I nā mahina anuanu, me nā mahana ma lalo o 10-12 ° C, komo nā nahesa i kahi mokuʻāina e like me ka hibernation. Kapa nā ʻepekema iā ia he brumation. Hōʻiliʻili nā moʻo i nā helu he nui (a i 1000 mau laʻana) i nā āpau a me nā ana. Ma hea lākou e hāʻule ai i loko o ka animation hoʻomaha a kali i ke kau anuanu. Ala kēia mau mea kolo i ka manawa like i hiki ke hoʻonohonoho i kahi holoʻokoʻa hoʻouka rattlesnake.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻO ka papa kuhikuhi o nā moʻo e pili pū ana i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, e pili pū ana me nā ʻole, nā ʻelala, nā manu, nā moʻo. Ke kali nei ke ʻano ʻimi holoholona nui no ka mea i hoʻohālua ʻia. Ke kū mai kahi mea hiki ke loaʻa, hoʻolei a hoʻolei ʻia kahi holoholona kiaʻi ʻole i ka nahu ʻino.
ʻAwahia Rattlesnake - ka mea kaua nui a me ka mea kaua wale nō. Ma hope o ka luku ʻana, hiki mai ka manawa koʻikoʻi o ka ale ʻana i ka mea i hōʻino ʻia. Hoʻomaka mau ke kaʻina mai ke poʻo. I kēia mana, kaomi ʻia nā wāwae a me nā ʻeheu e kūʻē i ke kino a ʻo ka mea ale holoʻokoʻa e lawe i kahi ʻano kuʻikahi.
Hiki i ka ʻōnaehana digestive ke lawelawe i nā meaʻai kūpono ʻole. Akā lawe kēia i ka manawa a kolo aku ka nahesa a noho i kahi palekana, mai kona wahi o ka ʻike, kahi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kaʻina hana digestion ma nā mahana ma waena o 25 a me 30 ° C. Pono nā moʻo i ka wai. Lawe ke kino i ka hapa nui o ka pulu mai nā holoholona i hopu ʻia a ale ʻia. Akā ʻaʻole lawa ka wai i nā manawa āpau.
ʻAʻole hiki i nā moʻo ke inu e like me ka nui o nā holoholona. E hoʻohaʻahaʻa lākou i ka iwi ā lalo i loko o ka wai a, ma o nā capillaries i ka waha, e kipaku i ka momona i loko o ke kino. Manaʻo ʻia no kahi ola piha, pono i ka nahesa e hoʻopau i ka wai i kēlā me kēia makahiki ke kaupaona iā ia iho.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Mākaukau nā wahine e hoʻomau i ka genus ma 6-7 mau makahiki, nā kāne e 3-4 mau makahiki. Hiki i kahi kāne makua ke hana i nā pāʻani moena i kēlā me kēia makahiki, mākaukau ka wahine e hoʻolōʻihi i ka genus hoʻokahi i kēlā me kēia ʻekolu mau makahiki. Hiki ke kau moʻo no nā rattlesnakes mai ka hopena o ka pūnāwai a hiki i ka wanaʻao. Aia ia i ke ʻano o nā moʻo a me nā ʻano o ka panalāʻau a lākou e noho ai.
Ke hōʻike nei i ka mākaukau no ka hānau ʻana, hoʻomaka ka wahine e hūnā i kahi liʻiliʻi o nā pheromones. ʻO kahi alahele o kēia mau mea pilau i koe ma hope o ka nahesa kolo. Hoʻomaka ke kāne, ke ʻike i nā pheromones, e alualu i ka wahine. I kekahi manawa kolo lākou ma kahi ʻaoʻao no kekahi mau lā. I kēia hihia, hamo ke kāne i ka wahine e hoʻonāukiuki i kāna hana moekolohe.
Maliʻa paha he mau kāne kāne hoʻoponopono. Hoʻonohonoho lākou i kahi ʻano o ka hakakā ma waena o lākou iho. Hāpai nā mea hoʻokūkū i ko lākou mau kino i ulana ʻia. Pēlā e ʻike ʻia ai ke kuleana o kekahi e loaʻa ai ka male.
I ke kaʻina hana o ka moʻo ʻana, loaʻa i nā wahine nā sperm o ke kāne, a hiki ke mālama ʻia i loko o ke kino a hiki i ke kau male aʻe. ʻO ia, e hānau keiki i ka loaʻa ʻole o ka launa me nā kāne.
ʻO Rattlesnakes nā ovoviviparous. ʻO kēia ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻomoe i nā hua, akā hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ko lākou kino. Kuhi ʻia kahi ʻōhua kūikawā "tuba" no kēia. Hāpai ia i nā hua manu.
Hānau ka wahine i 6 a 14 mau moʻo uʻi. ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā hānau hou ma kahi o 20 cm. Hoʻomaka koke lākou i ko lākou noho kūʻokoʻa. Kū koke lākou i nā pilikia. Mākaukau nā mea ʻaihue he nui, me nā manu a me nā mea kolo, e ʻai iā lākou. ʻOiai nā ʻōpū piha i ka lāʻau make a me nā niho i mākaukau no ka hana.
Noho lōʻihi ʻo Rattlesnakes. Ma kahi o 20 mau makahiki. Hoʻonui ka ola ke mālama ʻia i ka noho pio ʻana a 30 mau makahiki.
He aha e hana ai inā nahu ʻia e kahi ʻāhiu ʻāhiu
Maʻalahi ka pale ʻana i ka nahu nahesa: e makaʻala wale i kou lohe ʻana ke kani a kahi ʻāhiu... Akā hoʻi, i kēlā me kēia makahiki he 7-8 tausani mau kānaka e nahu ʻia e nā ʻāhiu. ʻElima o kēia helu e make. ʻO kahi mea nui ka manawa a ka mea ʻeha e ʻimi ai i ke kōkua olakino. Loaʻa ka hapa nui o ka make ma waena o 6-48 mau hola ma hope o ka nahu.
Ma lalo o nā ʻano ʻokoʻa, loaʻa i ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia kahi lāʻau ʻokoʻa o ka lāʻau make. ʻO kahi moʻo pōloli, huhū i ʻike i ka makaʻu nui e hoʻokuʻu hou i nā toxin. Inā ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ka ʻā ʻana o ka ʻeha a me ka pehu ʻana a puni ka wahi nahu i loko o hoʻokahi hola, a laila loaʻa i ke kanaka ka liʻiliʻi o ka lāʻau make.
Ma 20% o nā māhele, ʻaʻohe hopena o kahi nahu ʻāhiu. Inā ʻole, kū i kahi ʻano like me ka lāʻau makeʻai, arrhythmia naʻau, bronchospasm a me ka hanu, ka ʻeha a me ka pehu ʻana ma ke kahua o ka nahu. Me kēia a i ʻole nā hōʻailona like, koi ʻia kahi kipa wikiwiki i kahi wahi olakino.
Kaupalena loa ka kōkua pilikino iā ia iho. Inā hiki, holoi ʻia ka ʻeha. E mālama i ka lālā nahu ma lalo o ka laina o ka puʻuwai. E hoʻomanaʻo i ke kino o kahi mea panicking kope hewa i nā ʻona ʻē aʻe. Hiki i ke kōkua olakino koke ke hōʻole i nā hopena o ke kamaʻilio kūleʻa ʻole me kahi rattlesnake.
