ʻO Nightjar - kahi manu me ka inoa hewa
I ka wā ma mua loa aia kekahi kaʻao i waena o nā kahu hipa e lele ana kahi manu e hānai holoholona i ka wā ahiahi a me nā kao waiū a me nā bipi. Ua kapa ʻia kona inoa ʻo Caprimulgus. ʻO ka manaʻo “he kao waiū waiū” i ka unuhi. Eia no ke aha i kapa ʻia ai he nightjar.
Ma waho aʻe o ka inoa ʻano ʻē, ʻano ke ʻano o nā kāhea maʻamau ʻole o ka manu. ʻO ka hopena, ua loaʻa ka inoa maikaʻi ʻole i ka mea ola ʻole. I ka Middle Ages, ua kānalua ʻia ʻo ia no ka hoʻokalakupua.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Nui nā inoa kapakapa ʻē aʻe o ka manu. ʻO kēia kahi hawk pō, a pueo pō, a dormant. Hōʻike lākou i ka hiʻona nui - he manu nocturnal.Nightjar - manu liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. ʻO 60-100 g kona kaumaha, 25-32 cm ka lōʻihi o ke kino, hiki i 50-60 cm ka lōʻihi o nā ʻeheu.
Hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻeheu a me ka huelo me nā hulu lōʻihi a ololi. Hāʻawi lākou i kahi lele maikaʻi, ka wikiwiki a me ka lele. Aia ke kino elongated ma nā wāwae pōkole, nāwaliwali hoʻi - ʻaʻole makemake ka manu e hele wāwae ma ka honua. ʻO ke kala o ka plumage hina hina me nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele, keʻokeʻo a me nā ʻalani.
Hele mālie nā nightjars mai ka wāwae a ka wāwae, e like me kahi mea pāʻani uaki
Liʻiliʻi ka iwi poʻo, pālahalaha. Nui nā maka. Pokole ka nuku a māmā. Nui ka ʻoki o ka nuku, ma ka papahele o ke poʻo. Aia nā pūlima ma nā ʻaoʻao luna a me lalo o ka nuku, kahi hei no nā kolo. Ma muli o kēia, ua hoʻohui hou ʻia kekahi i nā inoa kapakapa he nui. nightjar setkonos.
ʻO nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā kāne a me nā wahine he maʻalea. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne. ʻAneʻane ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa o ke kala. He kiko keʻokeʻo ko ke kāne ma ka wēlau o nā ʻeheu. Hoʻohui, loaʻa iā ia ke kuleana o ka haʻi ʻana i ka hāmau o ka pō.
Uē ʻo Nightjar hiki ʻole ke kapa ʻia he mele. Akā, ʻano like ia me ke ʻō, a me ka uʻi a me ka ʻokoʻa. Hoʻopau ʻia ia i kekahi manawa e kahi ʻanā. Hoʻomaka ke kāne e mele i kona hoʻi mai ka hoʻoilo. I ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā, noho ʻo ia i lalo i kahi ʻāpana wahie a hoʻomaka e ʻalohi. Ma ka wanaʻao ua pau ke oli ʻana. Hoʻokiʻoki ʻo Autumn i ke mele a ka nightjar a hiki i ke kau hānau aʻe.
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o ka nightjar
Nā ʻano
ʻO ka genus Nightjars (inoa ʻōnaehana: Caprimulgus) ua māhele ʻia i 38 mau ʻano. Kūlike ʻole nā ʻepekema e pili ana i ke ʻano o kekahi ʻano o nā nightjars i kekahi mau ʻauhau. No laila, ʻokoʻa ka ʻike e pili ana i ka hoʻolauna biology o kekahi ʻano i kekahi manawa.
ʻO ka antennae ma ka nuku o ka nightjar i kapa pinepine ʻia he netkonos.
Nightjar maʻamau (inoa pūnaewele: Caprimulgus europaeus). Ke kamaʻilio lākou e pili ana i ka nightjar, manaʻo lākou i kēia manu kikoʻī. Hoʻonui ia ma ʻEulopa, Central, Central a me Asia Hema. ʻO Winters ma ka hikina a me ʻApelika komohana.
ʻO nā hana mahiʻai kanaka, ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu me nā pesticides e alakaʻi i kahi hōʻemi o ka helu o nā mea kolo. Akā, ma ka laulā, ma muli o ka nui, ʻaʻole e emi ana ka helu o kēia ʻano, ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli ʻia me ka make ʻana.
Nui nā ʻano ʻē aʻe i loaʻa i ko lākou inoa mai nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o ko lākou helehelena. ʻO kahi laʻana: nui, pāpālina ʻulaʻula, kaulawā, dun, kinikini, ʻano hōkū, kola, moe moe huelo lōʻihi.
ʻO ka Nesting ma kekahi wahi i hāʻawi i kahi inoa i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe: Nubian, Central Asian, Abyssinian, India, Madagascar, Savannah, Gabonese nightjars. Pili nā inoa o nā ʻano he nui me nā inoa o ka ʻepekema: nā nightjars o messi, bates, salvadori, donaldson.
ʻO kahi pilikana kaulana o ka nightjar maʻamau ka gigantic a i ʻole hina nightjar... Ma ka laulā, ʻano like kona hiʻohiʻona me kahi nightjar maʻamau. Akā ʻo ka nui o ka manu e kūlike i ka inoa: hiki ka lōʻihi i 55 knm, hiki ke kaumaha i 230 g, hiki i ka wingpan piha i kekahi mau hihia ke ʻoi aku i ka 140 cm.
ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka plumage he hina-brown. ʻO nā kukui lōʻihi a me nā kaha ʻeleʻele o ke ʻano kūlike ʻole e holo ma ka uhi holoʻokoʻa. Pena ʻia ka kumu lāʻau kahiko a me ka nightjar nunui.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
I ke ao, hiamoe ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he nightjar. ʻO ke kala patronizing e ʻae iā ʻoe e noho ʻike ʻole ʻia. Eia kekahi, aia nā nightjars ma ka lālā lāʻau, ʻaʻole ma ʻō aku, e like me nā manu maʻamau. ʻOi aku ma mua o nā lālā, makemake nā manu e noho ma nā ʻāpana protruding o nā kumu lāʻau kahiko. ʻO Nightjar ma ke kiʻi ʻike ʻole ʻia i kekahi manawa mai ka hemp a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana lāʻau.
Hilinaʻi nui nā manu i kā lākou hiki mimicry. ʻAʻole lākou e haʻalele i ko lākou wahi ʻoiai ke hoʻokokoke aku kekahi. Ke hoʻohana pono nei i kēia, hiki i nā manu ke dozing i ke ao ke lawe me kou mau lima.
ʻO ka pae nui no ke koho ʻana i kahi nohona ka nui o nā kolo. Ma ke ala waena, koho pinepine ʻia nā awāwa, nā ulu lāʻau a me nā lihi ulu lāʻau e like me nā wahi pūnana. ʻO ka lepo one me ka moe hoʻomake e makemake ʻia. Hōʻalo ka manu i nā wahi i hoʻopiha ʻia.
ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi nightjar, mahalo i kāna plumage hiki i ka manu ke hoʻohui pono me ka kumu lāʻau
Ma nā wahi hema, nā wahi i uhi ʻia me nā laʻalāʻau, nā wao akua a me nā wahi o waho o nā wao akua e kūpono no ka pūnana ʻana. Hiki ke hālāwai me kahi nightjar ma nā kuʻekuʻe a me nā mauna mauna, a hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe he mau kaukani mika.
He mau ʻenemi ko ka manu makua. I ka lā e hiamoe ai ka manu, e lilo i mea hana i ka wā ahiahi, i ka pō. Mālama kēia i nā mea hoʻouluulu hulu. Pale aku ka camouflage maikaʻi loa i nā ʻenemi honua. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā paʻa lima manu e ʻino i nā mea ʻaihue. Hiki ke hoʻouka ʻia nā ʻikena hiki ʻole ke lele e nā mea ʻānai liʻiliʻi a me ka waena.
Hoʻololi ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mahiʻai i ka nui o nā lehulehu i ʻelua ala. Ma nā wahi e hānai ʻia ai nā holoholona, hoʻonui ka nui o nā manu. Ma kahi e hoʻohana ākea ʻia ai nā kemika, he aha nā mea e make he aha ka mea a ka nightjar e ʻai ai?, ʻo ka hopena, paʻakikī nā manu e ola.
He manu neʻe ʻo Nightjar. Akā, e like me ka pinepine, ʻo nā laha a me nā heluna e pūnana nei ma nā wahi ʻApelika e hōʻole i ka neʻe ʻana o ke kau, e ʻauana wale ana i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai. Holo nā neʻe moʻohele o ka nightjar maʻamau mai nā pūnaewele paʻa o ʻEulopa i ka ʻāina ʻApelika. Aia nā lehulehu i ka hikina, hema a me ʻApelika komohana.
ʻO nā ʻāpana e noho nei ma Caucasus a me ka neʻe ʻana o ke Kaiwaenahonua i ka hema o ʻApelika. Mai nā ʻanepapa a me nā kuamoʻo o Central Asia, lele nā manu i ka Hikina Waena a me Pakistan. Lele melejars. Hele hewa lākou i kekahi manawa. ʻIke ʻia lākou i kekahi manawa ma Seychelles, nā Mokupuni ʻo Faroe a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe kūpono ʻole.
Meaʻai kūpono
Hoʻomaka ka nightjar e hānai i ke ahiahi. ʻO nā meaʻai nā mea punahele. Lālau aku ka nightjar iā lākou ma kahi o nā kahawai, ma luna o ka nui o nā wahi pohō a me nā loko, ma luna o nā nāhelehele kahi e ʻai ai nā holoholona. ʻIke nā pepeke i ka lele. No laila, wikiwiki ka lele o ka manu, hoʻololi pinepine i ka ʻaoʻao.
Huli nā manu i ka pouli. ʻO ka hiki o ka echolocation, ka mea maʻamau no nā manu nocturnal a me nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa, i loaʻa i guajaro, kahi pili pili o ka nightjar maʻamau, no laila pili loa i kapa ʻia ʻo guajaro he nightjar momona. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻano nightjars ʻaʻohe o lākou hiki. Hilinaʻi lākou i ka ʻike maka e alualu ai.
I ka pīhoihoi nui, hopu ʻia nā kolo i ka lele. Lele ka manu me ka kū ʻole ma luna o kahi ākea o nā manu invertebrates eheu. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pū kekahi kaila ʻimi holoholona. Aia ma kahi lālā, nānā ka manu i kahi nalo a i kahi moth nui o ka pō. Loaʻa iā ia ka mea i hōʻino ʻia, hoʻi ʻo ia i kāna kia nānā.
Ma waena o nā kolo, ʻoi aku ka makemake e lele i nā invertebrates. ʻO ka gluttony a me nā hiʻohiʻona anatomical e hiki ai ke ʻai i ka coleoptera nui, kahi a kekahi poʻe e makemake ai e ʻai. ʻAi ʻia nā nalo, kekeke, ʻūhini.
Hoʻokomo pū ʻia nā arthropods sedentary i ka papaʻai. Hoʻopaʻa kekahi ʻano o nā nightjars i nā vertebrates liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka ʻōpū e kūpale i kēlā ʻano meaʻai, no laila hoʻohui ʻia ke one, nā ʻiliʻili a me nā ʻāpana o nā mea kanu i ka meaʻai maʻamau.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hoʻomaka ka wā moena i ka wā puna me ka hōʻea ʻana o nā manu mai ka hoʻoilo. Ma ʻApelika ʻĀkau a me ka hema o ʻEulopa, hiki kēia i Malaki-ʻApelila. I nā latitude mahana - i ka hopena o ka puna, Mei Mei. Hōʻike mua ʻia nā kāne. Koho lākou i ka wahi i manaʻo ʻia no ka pūnana. Hahai wahine
Me ka hōʻea ʻana mai o nā wahine, hoʻomaka ka male ʻana. Hīmeni ke kāne mai ka wanaʻao o ke ahiahi a i ke kakahiaka i nā mele kuʻi. I ka maka o kahi wahine, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hana i kahi hulahula ʻea: lele ʻo ia mai kona wahi, hōʻike i kona hiki ke lele a kū i ka lewa.
Hana ʻia kahi lele like i nā wahi kūpono no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka pūnana. Noho ka koho me ka wahine. Hoʻopau a koho ʻia kahi pūnaewele pūnana e ka moʻa ʻana.
ʻO ka pūnana kahi ma ka honua kahi e kau ai nā hua. ʻO ia, ʻo kēlā me kēia ʻāpana malu me kahi uhi maloʻo kūlohelohe hiki ke lilo i pūnaewele masonry. ʻAʻole hoʻolālā ke kāne a me ka wahine i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi hale maʻalahi no nā hua a me nā moa.
Ma ke ala waena, hana ʻia ke kau ʻana ma ka hopena o Mei. Hana ʻia kēia i nā wahi hema. ʻAʻole momona ka wahine, waiho i ʻelua mau hua. Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻo ia i nā hua. ʻO nā manawa wale nō e hoʻololi ke kāne iā ia. ʻO ka helu liʻiliʻi o nā hua i kau ʻia e hōʻike ana he manu nā manu, i ka hapanui o nā hihia.
ʻO ka pūnana o Nightjar me nā hua manu
Ke kū mai ka weliweli, hoʻohana nā manu i kā lākou mau hana punahele: hoʻopili lākou, hui piha me ke kaiapuni. Ke ʻike nei i ke kōkua ʻole ʻana o nā kāmeʻe, hoʻāʻo nā manu e lawe i ka mea ʻino mai ka pūnana mai. No kēia mea, hoʻohālikelike ka nightjar i kahi waiwai pio maʻalahi, ʻaʻole hiki ke lele.
Hoʻolilo ʻia nā lā he 17-19 i ka hoʻouluulu ʻana. Hōʻike ʻelua mau moa i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻAneʻane paʻa lākou i ka fluff. No nā lā ʻehā mua, hānai wale ka wahine iā lākou. I nā lā aʻe, komo nā mākua ʻelua i ka unuhi ʻana i ka meaʻai no nā keiki.
ʻOiai ʻaʻohe pūnana e like me ia, aia nā moa ma kahi kokoke i kahi i hana ʻia ai ka hoʻomoe. Ma hope o ʻelua pule, hoʻāʻo nā moa hou e hemo. Ua hala kekahi pule aʻe a hoʻomaikaʻi ka moa i ko lākou ʻano lele. I ka makahiki he ʻelima mau makahiki, lele nā moe pō ʻōpio a me nā mākua.
Ke hiki i ka manawa e lele ai i nā kahua hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa nā moa i kau ʻia i kēia makahiki mai nā manu makua. Mai ka hoʻoilo lākou hoʻi lākou ma ke ʻano he nightjars piha, hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka genus. ʻAʻole noho lōʻihi nā pueo, he 5-6 mau makahiki wale nō. Mālama pinepine ʻia nā manu i nā zoo. I nā kūlana o ka pio, hoʻonui nui ko lākou ola.
ʻImi ʻimi Nightjar
ʻAʻole i ʻimi pinepine ʻia nā nightjars. ʻOiai ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka pilina o kēia manu me kahi kanaka. I ka Middle Ages, ua pepehi ʻia nā nightjars ma muli o ke ʻano hoʻokalakupua.
Ma Venezuela, ua ʻohi lōʻihi nā kamaʻāina i nā moa nui i nā ana. Hele lākou i mea ʻai. Ma hope o ka ulu ʻana o nā moa, ua hoʻomaka ka ʻimi no nā mākua. Ua hoʻoholo ko ʻEulopa he manu like kao kēia. ʻOiai he mau hiʻohiʻona anatomical kūikawā kāna, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi ʻohana guajaro kaʻawale a me kahi genus guajaro monotypic nona. Ma muli o kona plump build, ua kapa ʻia kēia manu ʻo ka nightjar momona.
ʻO nā moa Nightjar i ka pūnana
Noho i nā ululāʻau o Argentina, Venezuela, Costa Rica, Mexico kanaka ʻaihue nunui... Ua hōʻiliʻili maoli nā kamaʻāina kūloko i kēia manu nui mai nā kumulāʻau, ke kīloi nei i nā puka lou ma luna o lākou. I kēia mau lā ua pāpā ʻia ka ʻimi ʻana no nightjar i nā wahi āpau.
He manu ākea ʻo Nightjar, ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli ʻia me ka make. ʻAʻole ʻike pinepine mākou, lohe pinepine mākou iā ia, akā ke hiki aku iā ia, i ka manawa ʻaʻole hiki iki iā mākou ke hoʻomaopopo he aha ia, a laila pīhoihoi loa mākou.
