Hoʻoulu i ka rana, e like me nā ʻohana āpau, hōʻike ia i kahi kaʻawale o nā amphibians tailless, i helu ʻia e nā zoologists i ka ʻohana pipov. ʻO nā mea like, kokoke i ka wai wale nō, ua loaʻa nā mea ola i ko lākou inoa ma muli o ke kū ʻana o nā māiʻu ʻoi loa (a hiki i ka lōʻihi o 3 mm) ma nā lālā hope, me nā manamana ʻekolu i hoʻolako ʻia.
Kāhea ʻia lākou he spurs, a lawelawe lākou e pale aku i nā ʻenemi a kōkua i ka noho ʻana ma ka wai.
I nā kūlana kūlohelohe, kū mau kēlā mau rana i nā kino nui a liʻiliʻi o ka wai e kū mau nei (nā loko, nā loko, nā muliwai me kahi kahe mālie) a i ʻole kūlohelohe i ke ʻano (nā kahawai, nā ʻauwai, nā puddles nui), makemake i nā wahi noho me nā wai kū.
ʻAʻole pono lākou i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kūikawā o ke kaiapuni. Hiki iā lākou ke noho maikaʻi i loko o kahi waihona wai, ʻoiai paʻakikī lākou a hiki ke nele i ka meaʻai no ka manawa lōʻihi. Akā ma waho o ka wai ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke noho no ka manawa lōʻihi, e hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻolilo i ko lākou ola holoʻokoʻa i kēlā ʻano.
I ka helehelena, nani a nani hoʻi kēia mau mea, eia kekahi, he kūoʻo, a ʻo ka mea nui loa, maʻalahi lākou e mālama. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka makemake o nā aquarist he nui, he ʻike a he novice hoʻi, e mālama iā lākou.
ʻAʻole paʻakikī ka loaʻa ʻana o ia mau holoholona. Hiki ke hana i kēia ma kahi o nā hale kūʻai holoholona a pau, kūʻai ʻia aku lākou i ka mākeke moa. I ke kūlohelohe, hiki i kēlā mau ʻelele o ka holoholona ke loaʻa nā kala ʻokoʻa, kaukaʻi ʻia i nā laha: ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻemi pinepine, hiki ke hoʻonani ʻia ko lākou kino me nā stains ma kahi kua hina.
I ka manawa like, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ko lākou ʻōpū, hiki ke hina a keʻokeʻo. Makemake mau ka poʻe terrariumist i nā hiʻohiʻona hina, ʻokoʻa, nā hiʻohiʻona keʻokeʻo, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā albinos, makemake nui ʻia.
Pālahalaha ke kino o kēia mau mea ola a muscular. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā lālā hope, i lako me nā membrane, i ka ikaika kūikawā, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā ʻūlū liʻiliʻi o mua, ʻo ke kumu o ka hōʻiliʻili wale ʻana i ka meaʻai.
Ma ke kino o ia mau holoholona, ʻaneʻane hui pū me ia, aia kahi poʻo liʻiliʻi, ma ka ʻaoʻao luna o nā maka me nā eyelids atrophied e kau ana ma luna o lākou he mea kaulana (ʻike ʻole ʻia nā ʻōiwi o ka hihiʻo o kēia mau mea).
ʻAʻole paʻakikī e hoʻokaʻawale i nā wahine mai nā kāne. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka mea mua ma mua o ka hope, me ka lōʻihi a hiki i 13 cm. Hāʻawi pū ʻia lākou e ke kūlohelohe me kahi hana kūikawā - ka ovipositor, kahi e ʻike ʻole ai i nā kāne
E ola nā rana ma ka ʻāina ʻApelika. Ua manaʻo ʻia ko lākou homeland kahi wahi e hoʻonui ana i ka hema o ka wao akua o ka Sahara. Hoʻohana pinepine nā kamaʻāina o kēia mau wahi i kēia mea ola no ka meaʻai, e noʻonoʻo ana he kūpono loa ia no kēia a ʻaʻohe mea ʻawahia.
Kūpono ʻole a kolohe ʻole paha, ua hoʻolauna pū ʻia kēia mau ʻelele o ka wai wai i ʻEulopa a me ka ʻāina ʻAmelika, kahi i aʻa ai a noho i kēia manawa i nā wahi he kūpono no ke aniau.
Mahalo i ko lākou mau māiʻuʻu i hoʻohanohano ʻia a me ka ikaika maoli, hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke pale aku iā lākou iho mai nā mea ʻaihue i ko lākou kūlohelohe a ʻimi i ka meaʻai, a lākou wale nō e hana ai i ka wai.
Nā ʻano
Kaulana kēia ʻano mea ola no kona wā kahiko. ʻIke ʻia kekahi mau ʻano fossil, ka manawa o ka noho ʻana a ma ka Honua nei e kuhi ʻia ai i loko o nā makahiki he ʻumi miliona. He mea hoihoi ia (a i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 21), ua wehewehe ka poʻe loea i ka genome o kēia mau ʻelele o ka holoholona, ua hoʻokūpaʻa lākou he 360 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, he mau kūpuna like ko nā kānaka o ka honua.
ʻO nā ʻano o nā rana māiʻuʻu i ʻike ʻia i ke ʻano, ma kahi o ʻumikūmāwalu mau ʻano i hōʻike ʻia, akā ʻelima wale nō o lākou e mālama ʻia i nā aquarium.
ʻO nā mea hoihoi loa e haʻi ʻia i ke kikoʻī.
- ʻO ka spog frog maʻamau kekahi o nā mea kaulana a kaulana loa. ʻO nā lunamaka o kēia ʻano i ke kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo-hina hina i ka nui o ka nui, ʻauʻau wikiwiki loa a ʻimi kūleʻa i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi. ʻO kēia nā kamaʻāina o ka ʻaoʻao hikina hikina o ʻApelika, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ma ka hema.
I ko lākou ola ʻana, ʻaʻole lākou e haʻalele i nā waihona wai. ʻO nā mea koe wale nō nā wā maloʻo loa, ke kumu o ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana o kekahi, koi lākou e holoholo a nānā i nā wahi wai ʻē aʻe. Ma ke ʻano he mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia ʻano mea i ka biology a me ka embryology no nā hoʻokolohua ʻepekema like ʻole.
Ma waho aʻe o ke kala i ʻōlelo ʻia aʻe nei, hiki i ko lākou kala ke ʻeleʻele a hina, aia kekahi mau pouli, nā marbled me ka ʻōpū momona.
- Hoʻokumu ʻo Albino i ka rana - kahi huahana i makemake nui ʻia, a no laila kūʻai maikaʻi ʻia e like me nā holoholona home. ʻAʻole ko lākou ola i ka hopena o nā maʻi a i ʻole ka hoʻololi kūlohelohe (e like me ka mea pinepine i nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o ka holoholona).
ʻO kēia kahi ʻano i hānai nui ʻia ma ka Institute of Biology ma Moscow no ka mālama ʻana i ka aquarium. He aha ka maikaʻi o nā albino ma luna o kā lākou mau hoa, a ʻokoʻa ke kala kumu, ʻoiai, a no ke aha i makemake nui ai nā mea aloha kūlohelohe iā lākou? ʻO ka mea mua, ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia mau hiʻohiʻona a hiki i ka 16 cm lōʻihi.
Hoʻohui ʻia, liʻiliʻi lākou i ka hihiu a maʻa i ka poʻe maʻalahi a wikiwiki hoʻi. Ma waho aʻe o ke keʻokeʻo, hiki i kēlā mau mea ola ke loaʻa i ka malu ākea ākea o ke kino, e like me ke ʻano a nani hoʻi i ka nui.
Mālama a me ka mālama ʻana
Hiki i kēia mau holoholona malihini ke hoʻonani i kekahi aquarium. Kekahi, Mālama i ka rana ʻaʻole paʻakikī loa. Eia nō naʻe, aia nō nā subtleties ma aneʻi. A ʻo ka mea mua, pono e hoʻolako pono i ka wahi noho no kēia mau malihini. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i kekahi, nā kikoʻī nui nui.
- ʻAʻole pono kahi aquarium pipi i nā mea liʻiliʻi, akā ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 60 liters. I ka manawa like, i loko o kahi moku o kahi nui i hāʻawi ʻia, hiki i kahi ke kau i hoʻokahi kanaka, akā ma kahi o ʻeono, ma ke kumu no kēlā me kēia amphibian he awelika o 10 liters o ka wai. Akā ʻaʻole emi ma mua o kēia, ʻoiai e hāʻawi ʻia nā rana i lawa ka hakahaka no ka noho ʻoluʻolu.
- ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopihapiha i ka aquarium ma ka ninini maʻalahi ʻana mai ka piula a hoʻomaka koke i nā ʻano holoholona i loko o ka wai. ʻO Chlorine a me nā mea ʻino ʻino ʻē aʻe o ka wai i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻole ʻia hiki ke luku i nā malihini kipa hou. No laila, ma mua o ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka mea i hāpai ʻia ai, pono e pale aku i nā ʻike o ka moku no kekahi mau lā.
- Paipai ʻia e noʻonoʻo i loko o ka aquarium a ʻoi aku, ʻo ia, i ka wā o ka mālama hou ʻana, pono ka kānana, no ka mea he ʻano lepo kēia ʻano ʻApelika ʻApelika a ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa i ka maʻemaʻe. Makemake lākou e ʻeli i ka honua, e ʻimi ana i mea e pono ai, a ʻo ka hopena, lilo ke ao i ao a hiki i ka palena.
- Hoʻomoe ʻia ka lalo o ka hale wai me ka lepo maikaʻi, nā ʻiliʻili a i ʻole ke one muliwai. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole e noho nei, akā kau ʻia nā mea kanu hana ʻaneʻi. ʻAʻole kūpono ka mea ma mua ma muli o ka hōʻino ʻana o ka spurs o nā malihini i nā mea like ʻole a hōʻino hoʻi i ka flora aquarium maoli.
- He mea nui e koho i kahi kumu maikaʻi i loko o ka hale wai a kau i kahi hale ma laila i hiki i ka poʻe kamaʻāina ke ʻike i ko lākou palekana a noho maluhia ma laila. I ka pili o nā kukui, he unpretentious kēlā mau rana, akā he mea nui ia e uhi i kēia ʻōnaehana āpau me kahi uhi i hiki ʻole i nā kamaʻāina o ka aquarium ke lele i waho, kahi hiki loa.
- ʻOluʻolu e mālama i kahi ʻano palekana ʻē aʻe, hoʻokaʻawale i nā poʻe noho o ka hale wai mai nā mea ʻoi a makaʻu hoʻi, a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe o kēia ʻano. Weliweli nā amphibians ʻApelika e ke kūlohelohe, a inā makaʻu lākou, hoʻomaka lākou e holo wikiwiki, e luku maoli i nā mea āpau i kā lākou ala. Pono e hoʻonoho i nā alarmist kūikawā i kekahi manawa i kahi aquarium ʻokoʻa.
- He mea nui e hōʻoia i ka hana ʻole ʻana o kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ma luna o ka wai. Hoʻokumu kēia i mea pale no nā rana ke ala aʻe lākou i loko o ka aquarium i mea e ale ai i ka ea maʻemaʻe (pono kēia no nā amphibians a hana ʻia i kēlā me kēia manawa).
He aha e hānai ai i ka rana māiʻuʻu? He unpretentious loa lākou i kēia mea, akā nā predators. No laila, paipai ʻia e hoʻokomo i ka palaoa a me nā ʻenewewe, nā pulelehua, ka ʻai, ka ate, kaʻiʻo i kā lākou papa kuhikuhi Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka iʻa kūikawā me ka kūleʻa.
ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomāhuahua i kēlā mau holoholona, a hāʻawi ʻia ka meaʻai ma mua o ʻelua mau manawa o ka pule. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo mau ʻia kēia mau mea ola i ka prone i nā mea ʻoi loa i kēia mau mea. A ʻo ka momona ka maʻi nui o lākou.
Hoʻopili nā mea he nui i ke olakino o ia mau mea aquarium: ka ʻike oxygen ma ke kaiapuni a me ka maʻemaʻe o ka aquarium. A ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nānā ʻana i kēia me ka scrupiousness āpau i ʻole e maʻi ai nā rana. Ma hope o nā mea āpau mālama i ka rana māiʻuʻu pili pū i ka mālama ʻana i kona olakino.
ʻO kahi hua o ia mau holoholona, ʻo ia hoʻi, he hanauna hou o nā rana, i hānau ʻia mai nā mea ma mua, pono e mālama ʻia me nā kīʻaha ʻē aʻe: nā lau lettuce a me ka waiū maloʻo.
ʻO ia mau mea ola, no ka mea ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha, hiki ke lilo i mau hoaaloha maoli o ko lākou haku, e pili ana i ka lunamakaʻāinana o nā lāhui kanaka me kā lākou ʻuhane liʻiliʻi, e ʻike nei iā ia me kona leo.
A inā he makemake e hoʻokaʻawale i nā holoholona ma ka inoa, a laila hiki ke aʻo ʻia e pane iā lākou. ʻAʻole pono e noʻonoʻo kekahi he ʻano primitive kēia mau mea ola. He naʻau a maʻalahi hoʻi lākou, a no laila e pale a pale ʻia ko lākou psyche mai ke koʻikoʻi.
No ke kaiāulu: ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻaʻole e hoʻohui i nā moʻo a me nā iʻa i ka wahi kai o kēia ʻano o nā rana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā hoʻonaninani aquarium hana a me nā mea hoʻonaninani ma laila. A hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokau i nā hoahānau hoa, akā no ka mea ʻaʻole lehulehu ka poʻe kipa o ka aquarium.
ʻO kēlā mau rana o ke kaiāulu o kā lākou ʻano iho, ʻaʻole hilahila a aloha pū lākou. ʻO nā hoʻokoe wale nō keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo... Mālama maʻalahi lākou i ka mehameha a me ke aʻa maikaʻi ʻana i nā kūlana pilikia. A ʻo ka nui o ka wai e pono ai no ko lākou noho ʻoluʻolu ma kahi o 8 liters wale nō.
ʻO kahi mea maʻalahi, albinos hiki i ka momona, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hoa momona. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i nā mea āpau i kā lākou ala, kahi a lākou e ʻehaʻeha mau nei.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
He mea maʻalahi hoʻi ka hānai ʻana i nā holoholona pēpē. Lawa wale ia e kūʻai i ʻelua mau wahine ʻĀpana ʻApelika like ʻole, a na ke ʻano e hana i ke koena no ka mea nona. No ka poe pomaikai hānau mai nā rana māiʻuʻu pono wale ʻoe e hoʻolako iā lākou i kahi aquarium ʻokoʻa a me nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, a me ka hoʻonui iki ʻana i ka nui o nā meaʻai.
A i ʻole e hoʻonāukiuki i nā kāne i ka wā o ka moena, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pāhola ʻana o ka backlight. Akā i ka manawa a ka makuahine frog e hoʻomoe ai i nā hua manu, pono e hoʻihoʻi i ka wahine i ko lāua wahi i noho ai. A laila e nānā i ka ulu ʻana o ka pua.
E kupu mai ana ka larvae mai nā hua manu ma kahi o ʻelima mau lā. No ko lākou ulu pono ʻana, pono kekahi mau ʻano. ʻO ka mea mua, makemake ʻia ko lākou manaʻo nui no ka lita o ka wai, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku i ka ʻumi. A ʻo ka lua, ʻaʻole pono e hele ma mua o 25 ° C. nā hōʻailona wela o ke kai.
I ka pae tadpole, paʻakikī ka hanauna hou, he lokoino loa ke koho kūlohelohe. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hana, e ʻai ka mea ikaika mai ka pua i nā mea nāwaliwali. Oʻo maoli nā rana i ka piha ʻana o nā makahiki ʻeono. Akā ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi loa, hiki ke hōʻemi nui ʻia kēia hana.
Pehea ka lōʻihi e ola ai nā rana māiʻuʻu? Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, hiki i nā mea makemake manuahi a me nā maʻi ke hōʻemi nui i ko lākou ola. Akā i ka noho pio ʻana ke noho ʻoluʻolu nei lākou, no laila, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopaʻa me ka kūleʻa a 15 mau makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, he ʻokoʻa nā albinos. ʻOi aku ka pōkole o ko lākou ola, ma mua o 10 mau makahiki.
Ma waho aʻe o nā manawa kūpono i hōʻike ʻia e kūʻai i kēlā pēpē, kūpono e hoʻohana i kāu manawa kūpono ma ka papa kumuhana kumuhana ma ka hele ʻana i ka Pūnaewele. Kumukūkiʻi kuʻi ʻokoʻa loa paha.
Aia nā makana kūpono loa inā 50 mau rubles wale nō ke kumukūʻai o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana. Akā i kekahi mau hihia, hiki i ke kumukūʻai o hoʻokahi kanaka ke piʻi i 700 rubles a ʻoi.
