Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Mai ka wā kahiko, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā falconifers e ka poʻe e like me nā manu ʻimi holoholona. Akā ʻo kēia lunamakaʻāinana o kēia ʻaha, kahi manu hulu manu o ka ʻohana falcon, ʻokoʻa ka ʻohana ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia he kūpono no ka falconry.
No kēia kumu, ua loaʻa ka inoa - kestrel, e hōʻike ana he hoa lawaiʻa hakahaka ʻo ia, ʻaʻole kūpono iki i ke kanaka e hoʻohana e hopu i kāna mea pio.
Akā, ʻoluʻolu ia i ka maka me kāna akahele, akā nani ka nani, a lilo ia i mea maikaʻi loa, e luku ana i nā rodents weliweli a me nā mea ʻino o ka ʻelima.
ʻO ka hapanui o nā mea āpau, he mea maʻamau kēlā mau mea ʻēheu i nā panalāʻau o ʻEulopa; noho nō ka manu ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau a me ke komohana o ʻAsia a ma ka ʻākau o ka ʻĀpana ʻApelika.
ʻOkoʻa ka helehelena o nā wahine o kēia mau mea mai nā kāne. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo nā wahine, ʻano ʻē, ʻoi aku ka nui. ʻO kahi laʻana, ma kestrel hiki lākou i kahi awelika o 250 g, ʻoiai ʻo nā kāne o kēia laha he nui wale ma kahi o 165 g.
Ua loaʻa i kēia mau manu ka inoa kapakapa "falcons liʻiliʻi". A ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, liʻiliʻi lākou no nā lunamakaʻāinana o ko lākou ʻohana a loaʻa ka nui o ke kino ma kahi o 35 cm. Eia kekahi, kū i waho nā wahine mai kā lākou mau keonimana e ka laulā o nā plumage.
ʻO nā wahine, ka ʻaoʻao luna o ke kino a me ke poʻo o kahi hulu ʻulaʻula, i kāhiko ʻia me ke kala ʻeleʻele, kaʻe transverse. ʻEleʻele ʻeleʻele ko lākou mau ʻaoʻao ʻēheu. ʻO nā hulu o ka huelo, kāhiko ʻia me nā kaha ʻeleʻele a me nā aniani kūkae, he ʻalani kala. Pālahalaha ko lākou ʻōpū, ʻeleʻele.
ʻO ka hulu poʻo a me ka huelo o ke kāne e ʻike ʻia e nā unahi hina hina, ʻo ka hulu ākea ākea he ʻulaʻula, pale. ʻOi aku ka māmā o ka ʻāʻī ma mua o ke koena o ke kino. Kaha ʻia ke kua me ke ʻano o ka pōʻai, i kekahi manawa me ke ʻano daimana, nā kiko ʻeleʻele.
ʻEleʻele nā kihi o ka ʻēheu. A lōʻihi ka huelo, kū i waho me kahi ʻāpana ʻeleʻele a kāhiko ʻia me ka palena keʻokeʻo. Kaha ʻia ʻo undertail me nā kiko ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā kaha, ka malu kalima. ʻO ka lalo o nā ʻeheu a me ka ʻōpū ua aneane keʻokeʻo loa.
ʻOkoʻa ka ʻōpio ʻōpio i ka helehelena a me ke kala hulu mai nā mākua. I ka kestrel maʻamau, ʻano like nā keiki ʻōpio me ko lākou makuahine i ke kala. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ko lākou mau ʻeheu a pōkole hoʻi.
He melemele nā pōʻai a puni nā maka a me ka wax i nā mākua o kēia ʻano. Eia nō naʻe, i nā cubs, ʻike ʻia kēia mau wahi e nā aka mai ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ka uliuli. Hoʻopuni ʻia ka huelo o ia mau manu ma ka hopena, hoʻolako ʻia nā paws melemele i nā māiʻuʻu ʻeleʻele.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona kupaianaha āpau o nā hiʻohiʻona o kēia mau manu kestrels i ke kiʻi.
ʻO nā kani i hiki i kēia mau hulu hulu ke hana i nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻOkoʻa kā lākou ʻuwā i ke alapine o ke kani, ka leo a me ka leo, a me nā ʻano o ke kani, aia ma kahi o kahi ʻumikūmālua, kaukaʻi ʻia i ke kūlana.
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o ke kestrel maʻamau
ʻO kahi laʻana, i ka pīhoihoi a me ka hopohopo, uē kēia mau mea "ti-ti". Nui loa ka leo leo kestrel hohola ʻia a puni ka moku i ka wā o ka hānai ʻana. No laila, hāʻawi nā makuahine a me nā moa i nā hōʻailona i ka makuakāne o ka ʻohana manu ke noi lākou i kahi ʻāpana o ka meaʻai mai iā ia.
ʻO ke ala o ke ola o kēlā mau manu hiki ke noho ma ke ʻano he sedentary. Eia nō naʻe, i nā manawa he nui e neʻe lākou i nā kau maikaʻi ʻole i nā wahi me kahi ʻano mahana. Aia ia i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai i ka wahi noho a me ka wahi pūnana.
I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻāʻo nā manu e neʻe i nā wahi hema o ʻEulopa, ke Kaiwaenahonua a me ʻApelika. ʻAʻole ʻae nā mākua e neʻe a mamao loa i hiki iā lākou ke hoʻi kokoke i kā lākou wahi punae punahele. ʻOi aku ka ʻōpio, i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka mehana, makemake e lele i ka hema loa.
Nā ʻano
ʻO ka Lunamakaʻāinana o nā ʻēheu ʻēheu o ka genus falcon – kestrel ua mahele ʻia i nā ʻano like ʻole, a me nā ʻano i hōʻike ʻia aʻe nei, aia ma kahi o ka ʻumi. ʻO kekahi o lākou he lehulehu a pālahalaha, ʻoiai ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe i manaʻo ʻia he laha ʻole a aneane make hoʻi.
E noʻonoʻo i nā ʻano hoihoi loa.
- ʻO Kestrel Mauritian He manu me ka buffy plumage, i hoʻopiha ʻia me nā kiko ʻeleʻele. ʻAʻole like me ka hapanui o nā laha, ʻaʻohe determinism moekolohe i ke ʻano o kēia mau mea ʻēheu, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia nā kāne a me nā wahine i ke kala a me ka nui.
Ua laha lākou ma ka mokupuni i hāʻawi i ka inoa i kēia laha, a ua manaʻo ʻia he endemics. I kekahi manawa i hala aku nei, ua make maoli nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia ʻano, akā i kēia manawa ke hoʻihoʻi hou nei ka heluna kanaka o kēia mau manu.
- Kestrel ʻo Madagascar Liʻiliʻi kona nui a kaupaona wale ma kahi o 120 g. I nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe a pau o kona hiʻona a me ke kala e like ia me ka kestrel maʻamau. Ma waho o Madagascar, loaʻa ia ma ka mokupuni ʻo Mayotte, a me nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano i loaʻa ma ka Aldabra Atoll.
- ʻO kestrel Australia, i kapa ʻia hoʻi he ʻumiʻumi ʻumiʻumi, kahi lōʻihi o kona kino ma kahi o 33 knm. Ma ka hoʻohui i ka ʻāina ʻo ʻAukekulelia, loaʻa ia ma nā mokupuni kokoke.
Kestrel ʻumiʻumi poʻo hina
- Heʻano liʻiliʻi loa ka Seychelles Kestrel, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o ia i 20 cm. ʻO ka hope o ka manu ʻeleʻele. He mau kaha ʻeleʻele kona i kona mau ʻeheu a me nā kaha like i kāna huelo.
ʻEleʻele a hina hina uliuli paha kona poʻo, me ka nuku ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka helu o ia mau manu ma ka honua ka liʻiliʻi loa ʻaʻole ia i ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi tausani kānaka.
- ʻO ka kestrel nui kahi ʻano nui loa, e like me ka manaʻo o ka inoa. ʻO ke kaumaha o ia mau manu i kahi 330 g. He kamaʻāina ia o nā panalāʻau neoneo ʻApelika, kahi kamaʻāina o nā wao akua a me ka uhi.
- ʻO ka fox kestrel kekahi lunamakaʻāinana nui o kēia ʻano manu a he kamaʻāina hoʻi ʻo ʻApelika. ʻO ke kumu o ka inoa i hāʻawi ʻia e kona kala ʻulaʻula. Makemake i nā puʻu pōhaku ma ke ʻano he noho. Kākaʻikahi ka ʻano.
ʻO ka fox kestrel kahi manu manu liʻiliʻi
- Steppe kestrel - lokomaikaʻi ka mea, liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka lōʻihi o nā ʻēheu kūiki aia ma kahi o ke ʻano o 64 knm. ʻO ka huelo he kāʻei, ākea, lōʻihi. Hoʻohālike ka plumage i kahi kestrel maʻamau, akā ʻo nā lunamaka o nā ʻano i wehewehe ʻia he haʻahaʻa lākou i ko lākou ʻohana i ka nui, he ʻano ʻēheu ʻokoʻa a me kahi leo kūikawā.
Kaulana lākou no ko lākou ʻano o ka lele ʻana i ka lewa i ka wā o nā lele. Nā lāhui ma Eurasia a me nā ʻĀpana ʻApelika ʻĀkau.
- He mea liʻiliʻi ka kestrel ʻAmelika, a no kēia kumu i loaʻa iā ia kahi inoa ʻē aʻe - sparrow kestrel... Ke kaena nei ia i nā waihoʻoluʻu nani o ka plumage, keu hoʻi nā kāne.
Noho i ka ʻāina nui o ka ʻāina ʻAmelika. Ma ke ʻano he kūlana, noho ʻo ia ma kahi noho.
ʻO nā kāne passerine kestrels he plumage ʻōlinolino
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Kaulana kēia ʻano manu no kona hiki kupaianaha e hoʻomaʻa i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, no laila hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā kestrels ma nā wahi i manaʻo ʻole ʻia. Akā noho pinepine lākou ma nā lihi o nā ululāʻau a me nā copses.
ʻO nā wahi kūpono no kēia manu nā wahi i uhi ʻia me nā mea kanu haʻahaʻa. Akā ʻaʻole wale, no ka mea ma waenakonu o ʻEulopa e noho kūleʻa ai nā manu e like me ka moʻomeheu a me nā kaona kūlanakauhale.
Kūkulu lākou i nā pūnana ma laila a hoʻohana nui ʻia, e luku ana i nāʻiole a me nāʻiole - ko lākou waiwai pio nui. Aia ka nui o ia mau manu, no ka laʻana, ma Berlin a me nā kūlanakauhale ʻē aʻe a me nā kauhale o ʻEulopa.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ke kūlanakauhale no kēia mau mea ola kahi wahi palekana ʻole, lilo nā manu i mau maka o nā kānaka paʻakikī a haki, ke kī ʻana i nā puka aniani o ke kaʻa.
Ke neʻe nei i ko lākou kahua hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole maʻamau ka poʻe kestrels i kekahi mau ala. Ke lele, ʻaʻole lākou e hui i nā ʻohana hipa, akā makemake i ka huakaʻi solo. Kū paʻakikī loa nā manu a hoʻomanawanui maʻalahi i nā kaumaha o ka neʻe ʻana o ka ea, akā, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, ʻaʻole lākou e piʻi i kahi kiʻekiʻe.
I nā manawa maikaʻi, me ka nui o ka meaʻai, ʻaʻole lākou e lele lele no ka hoʻoilo, ʻoiai mai nā wahi me kahi ʻano paʻakikī. ʻO kahi laʻana, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kēlā mau hihia ma ka hema o Finilani i nā makahiki i ka wā i piʻi nui ai ka heluna kanaka i kēia ʻāina, a ʻo kahi hopena ʻaʻole ʻike ka poʻe hānai hulu i ka nele o ka meaʻai.
I ka wā e ʻimi ai, paʻa ka kestrel i ka lele kiʻekiʻe a hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi i nā mea āpau i ka honua
ʻO ke ʻano o kēia manu manu ʻoliʻoli a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi, no laila kestrels kūloko - ʻaʻole maʻamau iki. Mālama nā mea aloha manu he nui i nā holoholona maoli, e hānai pinepine ʻana iā lākou me ka ʻiʻo.
Hiki ke hāpai i nā chicks i kahi hale manu. He mea hoihoi loa kā lākou pāʻani a me ka hana e nānā ai, a he mea hoʻomākeʻaka loa nā hanana i hiki iā lākou.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻO nā lele o kēia mau mea lele, i hana ʻia e lākou i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā pio, he mea kū hoʻokahi a kupaianaha hoʻi. Hoʻomaka ia me kahi lele wikiwiki o ke ala huli holoholona. Eia hou, i kekahi wahi, i ka lewa, manu kestrel kau pono ʻana, ʻoiai e hana pinepine ana i nā pale o kona mau ʻeheu.
ʻO ka huelo, i kēia mokuʻāina, i hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia i lalo a me ke ʻano fan. Ke lele nei i kona mau ʻeheu a neʻe i ka nui o ka ea, ʻo kēia mea e noho ana ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 20 m a i lalo iki paha, nānā i kahi māka no ka hoʻouka kaua, kahi mea kupaianaha loa ia.
Ke ʻike nei i kahi mea pio, kahi pepelu nui a iole paha, luʻu ka mea hahai holoholona a, ʻaʻohe manawa e hoʻolohi i ka honua, hopu i kāna mea pio. Hiki i ke kestrel ke lele i ka wā o ka lele, akā ma lalo wale nō o nā kūlana anilā maikaʻi.
ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka acuity ʻike o kēia manu ma mua o ko ke kanaka. Mai kahi mamao ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli mau mika, hiki iā ia ke ʻike i nā kikoʻī liʻiliʻi o nā mea. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻike kona mau maka i ke kukui ultraviolet, ka mea e kōkua iā ia e hopu i ka panalāʻau i kahakaha ʻia e ka mimi rodent me kāna mau lālā o ka hihiʻo.
Mālamalama nā hiʻohiʻona hou o kēia mea nona i loko o ka pouli. A ʻo kēia, hāʻawi i ka mea alualu i nā manaʻo e pili ana i kahi e nānā ai i nā rodents.
ʻO ka papaʻai o kahi manu mākua makua e hoʻopili pinepine a i ʻewalu voles, ʻiole a i ʻole shrews i kēlā me kēia lā. Eia nō hoʻi, hiki i nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa, nā rana, nā ʻelala, nā ʻenuhe honua ke lilo i mea ʻono o kēia heihei hulu manu kolohe, a mai nā pua hulu - nā pua puaʻa a me nā manu ʻio.
Ma waho aʻe o ke ʻano o ka ʻimi holoholona i hōʻike ʻia ma luna, kahi i loaʻa ai ka inoa kani "flutter flight", kū ka manu i nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe no ka huli ʻana i ka mea pio. I kekahi manawa noho wale ʻo ia ma luna o kahi puʻu a, noho me ka neʻe ʻole, kiaʻi makaʻala i nā mea e hana nei i kāna māla o ka hihiʻo, ke kali nei no kahi manawa kūpono e hoʻouka. Hiki iā ia ke kiʻi i ka mea pio i ka lele.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
ʻIke ʻia nā lele manu i ka wā o ka male ʻana e ko lākou ʻano maʻamau. Hāʻawi ʻia lākou i kahi manawa e nānā ai iā lākou ma Central Europe i ka hapa mua o ka puna. I ka manawa like, lele mau nā ʻeheu o nā keonimana.
A laila nā manu, e lele ana i kahi hoʻokahi, huli i kahi ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, a laila e holo i lalo, ʻoiai e hoʻopuka nei i nā leo uē, nā uē kūhohonu. Hana ʻia kēlā ʻano hana, ua manaʻo ʻia, i mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka poʻe hoʻokūkū e pili ana i nā palena o ka pūnaewele i koho ʻia e nā kāne.
ʻAʻole hiki iā Kestrels ke kūkulu i nā pūnana, akā e ʻimi i nā lua a i like paha me lākou
Akā ʻo ka hōʻailona no ka moekolohe i ka hoa i kēia mau manu e hāʻawi ʻia e ka wahine. Ke hoʻolaha nei i kona makemake, hoʻopuka ʻo ia i nā leo ʻano. Ma hope o ka male ʻana, ʻo ka makuakāne o ka ʻohana i hana hou ʻia, e hōʻike ana i kahi hiʻohiʻona i kāna ipo wahine, holo wikiwiki i kahi wahi i koho ai ʻo ia ma mua.
I ka manawa like, hoʻopuka ʻo ia i kahi hōʻailona leo, i kuhikuhi ʻia ma kēia hihia. He kani chucking kani kēia. Ke hoʻomau nei i ka hana hou ʻana i nā leo like like, hana ke kāne i ka hana maʻamau o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka pūnana a hāʻawi i kona makemake i kahi mea āna i mālama ai ma mua no ka malihini kipa.
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole kēia mau ʻelele o ke aupuni hulu e kūkulu i ko lākou mau pūnana iho, akā hoʻohana i nā hale i haʻalele ʻia o nā manu ʻē aʻe. I kekahi manawa hana lākou me ka ʻole o ka pūnana, a hana ʻia ke kau ʻana i nā lua lepo o nā holoholona, nā lua o nā lāʻau, ma luna pono o nā pōhaku, lawe lākou i kahi moemoeā i nā hale i hana ʻia e ka poʻe.
I ka wā o ka pūnana ʻana, hana mau nā kestrels i nā kolone, a ʻo ka helu o ia mau mea he ʻumikūmālua mau pālua. ʻO ka nui o nā hua i loko o ka paʻa he ʻewalu, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi.
Hoʻokomo nā mākua ʻelua i ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana o nā keiki no hoʻokahi mahina. Uhi ʻia nā keiki i ʻike maka ʻia me ka fluff keʻokeʻo, a ma hope iki iho huli hina ʻia. He nuku keʻokeʻo a me nā māiʻuʻu nā moa.
Ma kahi o ka makahiki o ka mahina, hoʻāʻo nā pēpē e lele, a ma hope o kekahi mahina ua aʻo lākou e ʻimi holoholona iā lākou iho. I ka makahiki o hoʻokahi, ua komo lākou i ka hana kope.
Kestrel pīpī i ka pūnana
Ma ka theoretically maoli, ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi iki ke ola o kēia mau manu a helu ʻia ma ke ʻano he 16 mau makahiki. Eia naʻe, ka likelihood i hānau mua keiki moa kestrel e ola i kahi ʻelemakule pala, liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo ka make ʻana o nā manu i ke kūlohelohe he kiʻekiʻe loa ia, ʻoi aku i waena o nā poʻe i koe i nā wahi ʻoʻoleʻa no ka hoʻoilo. ʻAʻole lākou e make hou i ke anu anu, akā no ka loaʻa ʻole o ka meaʻai. I ka ʻike o nā mea i luna, ʻo ka hapalua wale nō o nā moa i hānau ʻia i hoʻokahi manawa ke ola no hoʻokahi makahiki a ʻoi paha.
