I ka makahiki 2017, ua hopu nā mea hana lawaiʻa Lūkini i 4 miliona 322 tausani mau tona o nā kumuwaiwai kai. Ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ka lawaiʻa i ka ʻĀkau, ke Kai ʻEleʻele ʻAzov, nā ipu Caspian, ke kai Baltic a me nā wahi o Angola, Morocco.
He mau wahi lawaiʻa ko Lūkia kokoke i kēia mau mokuʻāina. He mea nui ia e ʻike i nā kumuwaiwai wai kai, no laila e ʻōlelo, i loko o ke kanaka.
He aha ke ʻano iʻa i manaʻo ʻia he kālepa
Iʻa kalepa ʻo ia ka mea i hopu ʻia. Hiki i kēia ke lawaiʻa leʻaleʻa no ke kumu o ka ʻai ʻana i nā holoholona a i ʻole no ka hoʻomomona ʻana, hana i nā momona, nā lole a me nā ʻeke.
ʻO nā poʻe o ka ʻĀkau, e laʻa, hana i nā lole, ʻeke, kāmaʻa mai ka ʻili o ka poʻe e noho ana i ka wai. ʻAneʻane kokoke i nā mea hoʻokipa wahine āpau o ka Evenk hoʻonohonoho pehea e hana ai i nā hana mai ka iʻa.
Ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā ahiahi e hana iā lākou iho i lole mai ka ʻili iʻa
ʻO ka iʻa i hopu ʻia e nā ʻoihana no ke kūʻai aku ma kahi pālākiō ʻoihana i manaʻo ʻia he kālepa. Hana ʻia nā lāʻau, nā mea hoʻomomona a me nā momona ʻenehana mai nā iʻa iʻa.
ʻO kekahi o nā meaʻai i hāʻawi ʻia e nā poʻe noho o ka wai i manaʻo ʻole ʻia. ʻO kahi laʻana, hana ʻia nā momi hanaima mai nā unahi.
ʻIke ʻia ʻaʻohe palena iki o ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa. Inā hōʻiliʻili ʻia kahi iʻa hoihoi ʻole i ka ʻoihana hanahana ma kahi kaʻina hoʻokahi, ua manaʻo ʻia kēia ʻano he kālepa.
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka pae hopu kiʻekiʻe luna e ka mokuʻāina, pili ia i nā ʻoihana extractive. Makemake lākou i iʻa kālepa waiwaino ka mea, he hiki ke hoʻokele waiwai ke kūʻai aku ʻana. Koi pū ʻia:
- koi i nā mākeke kūloko a i ʻole nā ʻāina ʻē
- ke ʻano o ke ʻano kula iʻa o ka iʻa, a i ʻole ka nui kupaianaha
- hiki i ka lawaiʻa e pili ana i ka nohona
No laila, ʻaʻole waiwai, luhi, a i kekahi manawa hiki ʻole ke hoʻonohonoho i nā hopu pāheona o nā ʻano benthic e noho ana i nā hohonu he mau kaukani mika a ʻaʻole e piʻi i luna.
ʻIke ʻia ka iʻa e piʻi aʻe i luna a noho paha i nā hohonu. ʻAʻole kēia e hōʻoia i nā kumukūʻai o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka lawaiʻa.
Inā iʻa kalepa liʻiliʻi hoihoi i ka poʻe ʻoihana hana wale nō me kahi ʻano o ke ola, a laila hopu ʻia nā pilikua o ka wai me kahi hermit. nolaila iʻa kalepa nui ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ke ʻano o nā ʻike kaʻawale o ka hopu.
ʻAʻole wale ka kai kai, akā ʻike ʻia nā ʻano muliwai a me nā loko iʻa he kālepa. Hiki iā lākou:
- E kiʻi iā ia i ka nahelehele.
- ʻO ka hoʻoulu ʻana ma nā mahiʻai iʻa.
ʻO ka ulu ʻana ma lalo o nā kūlana hana hiki ke mālama i kahi helu paʻa o nā heluna nui. Hana ʻia kēia, no ka laʻana, me nā sprats.
I ka makahiki 2017, ua ʻeli ʻia lākou i ka lua ma ʻAzov-Black Sea e 12 tausani mau tona ma lalo o 2016. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kahi hoʻonui no nā ʻano pāʻoihana ʻē aʻe i ka makahiki i hala.
Iʻa kai
ʻO ka nui o nā iʻa ma ka honua he 20 tausani mau ʻano. Hoʻopili ka mea hope loa i nā lāhui e noho nei i ka hapa nui o ka manawa i kekahi mau wai wai, a hele e hānau i kekahi.
Iʻa kai a ola a kope i ka wai paʻakai. Māhele ʻia nā ʻano:
- ma nā pelagic e noho ana i nā papa o luna o ke kai
- lalo
- a malalo
Hoʻopili ka mea hope, no ka laʻana, flounder. Paʻa ka iʻa ʻulaʻula i ka papa.
Mined iʻa kalepa o ka moana ʻelima ʻano lawaiʻa:
1. Me kāna kōkua, hoʻoholo ka poʻe lawaiʻa i nā wahi o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka iʻa, e hoʻokaʻawale ana i nā ʻoihana mai nā mea kūʻai ʻole.
2. Hoʻolei kuʻi ʻia ka mea kaua mai kahakai a mamao paha mai iā ia.
3. Kali i mau hola ʻelua a lawe i kahi ipu i piha i ka palai.
4. ʻO ia, hiki i kahi mīkini ke hāpai i 150 iʻa i luna o ka moku.
5. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka mana hōʻino o nā pūnaewele a me nā pahele inā nalowale lākou.
Māhele ʻia ka moana, e like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe ʻohana o ka iʻa kalepa... He mea maʻalahi kēia e hoʻopaʻanaʻau i ke ola kai a me kā lākou hoʻohālikelike.
Nā inoa a me nā ʻano iʻa kalepa
Sturgeon
ʻAʻohe iʻa o ka ʻohana ʻaʻohe unahi a pili hoʻi. Akā, aia kahi chord - kahi ʻano o ka cartilage.
Stellate sturgeon
Kāhea ʻia ʻo ia ka makuahine o nā paʻa uila. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka stellate Stormate hiki i 3-4 mau mika, ke kaupaona ʻia he ʻumi kilokika.
Hoʻonāukiuki ʻia ka heluna stellate Sturgeon e nā minnows. ʻO nā stellate Sturate iā lākou iho, ʻoiai, hānai i nā larvae mosquito, crustacea, a me nā benthos. ʻAi ʻia nā iʻa ʻē aʻe e nā holoholona relict wale nō ke kakaʻikahi ka meaʻai nui.
Beluga
ʻO ka iʻa nui loa i loaʻa i nā kahawai, hiki i 6 mika ka lōʻihi a kaupaona ʻia a hiki i ka 2.5 tausani kilokilo. I ke kenekulia 21, ʻaʻohe hopu pinepine ʻia nā belugas ma ke kaupaona ma mua o 300 kilo.
Loaʻa ka beluga i ke kai Caspian a me Black Seas, e ʻau ana i ka Danube a me nā kahawai ʻo Ural.
ʻO Lūkini paʻa Lūkia a me Siberian
Noho ka lāhui Lūkini i ke kai o Azov. Ua paʻakikī nā Dams a me nā wahi uila uila no ka iʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi nā iʻa nui, e neʻe.
He iʻa muliwai ʻo Siberian Sturgeon. Ua liʻiliʻi ka poʻe ma mua o ka Lūkini, ulu a 2 mau mika i ka lōʻihi, e loaʻa ana i kahi kaumaha 200-kilogram.
Kukui
ʻO ia ka hopena o ke keʻa o beluga, Stefate Stabilate. Hoʻopilikia kēia i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā relics.
Ua kapa ʻia ka inoa o ka iʻa ma muli o ke kuamoʻo o nā iwi ʻokiʻoki e holo ana ma ke kua. Hoʻokaʻawale pū ʻia ka holoholona mai nā kūpuna ʻē aʻe e nā antennae ma ka lehelehe lalo.
Salemona
Loaʻa i nā salmonids kahi fin adipose kokoke i ko lākou huelo. Ua lawa ia e ʻōlelo aia aia nā iʻa ʻulaʻula a keʻokeʻo hoʻi ma waena o nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana.
ʻO Salmon Caspian lāua ʻo Baltic
Noho ka lāhui Caspian ma ke kahakai komohana o ke kai Caspian. Noho ka iʻa Baltic i ke Kai ʻEleʻele a me Aral.
Hiki i ke salmon Caspian ke kaupaona a hiki i ka 51 kilokilo, akā ʻo ka nui o nā iʻa he 10-13 kilo. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka iʻa Baltic.
Salemona
Ma ke kai Keʻokeʻo, ua kapa maʻalahi ʻia ka iʻa. I ka noho ʻana i ka ʻākau, nui loa ka heluna salmon ma aneʻi i loaʻa nā iʻa ʻulaʻula wale nō. Ua hānai ʻo Salemona i nā mea noho, e ʻae iā lākou e noho i nā ʻāina ʻoʻoleʻa.
Ua ʻike nā ʻepekema i ke kiʻi ʻana o ka salemona i ka honi o ko lākou kahawai kūloko, ma kahi mamao o 800 kilomita. Komo ka Salemona i nā kahawai no ka hānau ʻana.
Salemona Chinook
ʻIno e like me ka salemona, akā ʻoi aku ka momona. Ma Oregano a me Alaska, manaʻo ʻia ka iʻa he hōʻailona lāhui.
ʻO Chinook salmon kekahi i loaʻa ma Rūsia. No laila, i kekahi manawa ua kapa ʻia ka holoholona he salemona aliʻi.
ʻO Chum
Iʻa ʻulaʻula, 5% i haku ʻia o nā amino acid momona. No laila, aʻoaʻo nā mea nutrisyta e kauoha i nā pā me chum ma nā pāʻina.
E like me ka salemona ʻākala, make ka chum salmon ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. I kekahi manawa mākaukau nā kānaka e kope wale i ka makahiki 7-10 wale nō.
Salemona ʻulaʻula
Ma waena o nā salemona, ʻo ka salemona ʻāpala ka ʻoi loa o ka paʻakikī a me ka maikaʻi ʻole i ka lewa. Pāʻani kēia i loko o nā lima o ka poʻe hahai holoholona e hopu i nā sālona ʻākala i nā manawa o ka haunaele.
Aia i loko o ke kai, hina ka salemona ʻākala a paʻakikī hoʻi. Lawe ke kino i kahi ʻano ʻalani ʻulaʻula a hoʻololi i nā kahawai, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma mua o ka hānau ʻana.
Salemona ʻulaʻula
I loko o ka wā spawning, lilo i ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. Huikau nā mea lawaiʻa ʻike ʻole i ka laha.
ʻO ka iʻa salikō ʻo Sockeye. Ke ulu nei nā Lunamakaʻāinana o ka laha i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 80 kenimika, e loaʻa ana i kahi kaumaha 4-kilogram.
Hōʻulaʻula ka salemona ʻulaʻula i ka wā e hānau ai
ʻO Coho
ʻAʻole ia he hina wale nō, akā he sheen metallic ʻokoʻa. Piʻi ia i kahi mika ka lōʻihi, ke kaumaha nei ma kahi o 15 kilokilo.
Kāhea ka poʻe Lūkini i ka salepona coho ʻaʻole kālā, akā he soke keʻokeʻo. ʻUlaʻula ka ʻiʻo iʻa.
ʻO Coho salmon kahi i kapa ʻia he salemona kālā
Nelma
He hōʻailona ia o Siberian ichthyofauna. No laila, noʻonoʻo ka iʻa i ka waha o nā kahawai e kahe ana i ka moana.
ʻAʻole ʻauʻau ʻo Nelma hou i ke komohana ma mua o ke Kai Keʻokeʻo. ʻUlaʻula a nui ka iʻa, hiki i hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua mika ka lōʻihi, e loaʻa ana i kahi 50-kilogram nui.
ʻO Whitefish
Wehe i ka papa inoa o nā salmonid me kaʻiʻo keʻokeʻo. Huikau kēia hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā laha.
He kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa, elongated, akā ʻaʻole niho mau. ʻO kēia ka ʻokoʻa o nā ʻelele o ka genus mai nā salmonid ʻē aʻe.
Omul
Hoʻopili ʻia i loko iʻa kālepa nui Lake Baikal. Aia kekahi omul o ʻEulopa. Ma waena o nā ʻelele ʻEulopa o ka genus, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o 4-5 kg mau kānaka.
He palupalu ʻo Omul, momona, ʻiʻo keʻokeʻo. Hoʻopiha ʻole ʻia ʻo Non i nā waikawa momona a me nā wikamina pono.
Trout
Loaʻa i ka genus nā lālā salmon 19. E hoʻonui ʻia nā iʻa muliwai ʻē aʻe a i ka palena o 50 mau kenimika.
Kūleʻa a hana ka trout me ka nānā ʻole i ke anilā. Puhi ʻia kekahi o lākou e ka makani mai ka lau nahele mai kahakai.
Ua honi
Iʻa salemona ʻoihana me kaʻiʻo keʻokeʻo e ʻaʻala e like me nā kukama hou. No kēia mea, ua kāhea ʻia ka smelo e nā poʻe i ka kukama. ʻAʻole hele mamao ka iʻa mai o lākou aku.
ʻO ka lawaiʻa liʻiliʻi ʻo ʻAlekani, ʻAsia a me ʻEulopa ka lawaiʻa ʻia ma Lūkia. ia ʻano iʻa pāʻoihanaʻeli pinepine ʻia e ka poʻe ʻenehana. Ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka smelt, makemake nā mea kālepa pilikino e hopu i nā poʻe nui o nā wai.
Carp
Loaʻa i nā cyprinids nā kino loloa, hoʻokahi fin dorsal. Paʻa ka hapanui o nā lālā o ka ʻohana, ke ola nei i nā kino wai kūpikipiki-oxygen.
Carp
He wai hou ka iʻa, akā hiki iā ia ke ʻau i nā wahi kai kahakai o nā kai Azov a me Caspian. Makemake ʻo Carp i nā wahi i ulu ʻia me nā limu a me nā mauʻu me kahi kahe lohi.
Uhi ʻia ke kino o ka carp me nā unahi nunui a paʻakikī. ʻO kekahi māka ʻokoʻa ʻelua mau ʻāpana antennae ma ka lehelehe luna o ka holoholona.
Carp
Nā hānai e like me nā puaʻa. Hoʻohālikelike maoli ka wikiwiki o ke kaupaona i ka carp i ka ulu ʻana o nā puaʻa, a momona ka iʻa iʻa.
ʻO ka inoa o nā ʻano laha mai ka huaʻōlelo Helene "karpos", ʻo ia hoʻi "hua". Hoʻomoe ka wahine ma kahi o 1.5 miliona mau hua.
ʻAwaha
Sensitive e tackle kūʻē. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hopu i ka bream me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka palaoa, ka mauʻu, a me kahi maunu ola.
ʻAʻole like me ka hapa nui o nā cyprinids, maʻalahi ka bream i ka momona oxygen i ka wai. Aia kahi manawa e hopu i ka bream nui, mālama mau i ka lalo.
Asp
Ma waena o nā cyprinids, he predator maopopo ia, akā hoʻopuehu ʻia kēlā kanaka kēia kanaka i loko o ka waihona wai, kahi e hoʻopilikia ai i ka hana ʻenehana o nā ʻano.
Ua piʻi ʻo Asp i 90 mau kenimika ka lōʻihi, e loaʻa ana ka nui ma kahi o 7 kilokilo.
Roach
ʻAʻole akahele loa ka bream, hiki ke hopu ʻia me nā mea lawelawe me ka koho ʻole ʻana i ka maunu. ʻO ke kaupaona maʻamau o ka roach he 400 gram.
Aloha ʻo Roach i nā kahawai a ulu nui ʻia me ka wai lohi. Hoʻopili ʻia ka tackle i ka mauʻu, snags, a me nā limu.
ʻO Vobla
Hoʻohui ʻia i kaʻauwai Caspian. I ke ʻano maloʻo, manaʻo ʻia ʻo vobla he mea ʻono pia, no laila ua hopu ʻia ia ma kahi pae hana.
I ka hoʻoilo, uhi ka vobla me ka huhū mānoanoa. Ke ʻimi nei i ka mehana, huddle carp i nā kapakai o nā waihona wai.
Kealohapau
ʻEleʻele mau ke kua o ka herring, a silvery ka ʻōpū. ʻIke ʻia kahi fin hoʻokahi ma ke kua o ka iʻa, a he notch i haʻi ʻia ka huelo.
ʻO Sprat
Ma ka ʻōpū o ka sprat aia nā unahi e like me ke kākalaioa. Hoʻohui, hoʻohui ke keel i ka streamlining i ka holoholona, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maneuverability.
ʻO ka lōʻihi sprat lōʻihi he 10 mau kenimika. I ke kenekulia 19, ʻaʻole lākou i ʻai i ka sprat mai ke kapakai o ʻEnelani, akā ua hoʻouna ʻia e hoʻomomona i nā māla, no laila he lawaiʻa nui.
Sardinia
No ka manawa mua, ua hoʻomaka kahi hopu nui o nā laha kokoke i ka mokupuni ʻo Sardinia. I ka lōʻihi, hiki i ka i kā mākou 25 kenimika.
ʻOkoʻa ia mai nā sardine herring ʻē aʻe e nā unahi pterygoid ma nā wēlau o ka fin caudal a me nā kukuna protruding o ka ulu anal.
Tulle
He hānai liʻiliʻi kēia. Kuahiwi ka waihona, anuanu.
Noho nā ʻano tulka maʻamau i ke kai Caspian, Azov a me Black.
ʻAkelanika, Pākīpika, Baletika a me ʻAzov-Black kai koli
ʻIke ʻia ʻo Herring ma ke ʻano he iʻa nui loa ma ka honua. ʻO ka iʻa kālepa ʻĀkau hiki i ka lōʻihi o 40 kenimika.
ʻO ka mōʻaukala, neʻe ka neʻe ʻana o nā herrings. Malia paha, i kēia lā i kapa ʻia ʻo Caspian, Azov a me ka iʻa ʻEleʻele e hoʻololi i ko lākou inoa i nā kenekulia ʻelua.
Cod
Aia nā ʻiʻo pectoral o ka iʻa ma kahi a i ʻole ma mua o nā pelvic fins. Loaʻa iā ia he 1 anal fin a me 2 fin dorsal wale nō.
Haddock
Noho i ke kīʻaha o ka Moana Arctic. I ka lōʻihi, hiki i kekahi poʻe i 75 mau kenimika, ʻo ke kaupaona ʻana ma kahi o 4 kilokilo.
ʻO ka kua ʻeleʻele o ka haddock he lilac. ʻO ka ʻōpū o kahi leo waiū holoholona. Aia nā kiko ʻeleʻele ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo.
ʻO Navaga
Kū ʻo ia i waena o ka iʻa cod no kāna ʻano momona, pono nui ia no ke olakino, akā hou wale nō. Ke defrosting ana, nalowale ka navaga i nā kumuwaiwai kumuwaiwai a me nā wikamina.
ʻO ka lōʻihi awelika o ka navaga he 40 kenimika. Ma waho a me nā mea nui ua like ia me pollock.
Burbot
Noho wale kahi o ka codfish i nā wai hou. Loaʻa iā ia i loko o nā kīʻaha o ke kai ʻEleʻele, Caspian, Baltic a me White.
Mai nā kahawai o Siberia, ua koho nā burbots iā Yenisei a me Selenga.
Cod
Noho i nā wai anuanu. Ua manaʻo ʻia lākou he mea ʻono.
'Lelo pinepineʻiaʻo Cod ke kūkākūkā inoa o ka iʻa kalepa... No laila ka inoa o ka holoholona.
Mackerel
Mākeke kai ʻeleʻele
He kala brindle kona, kaomi ʻia i hope, kino elongated. Nui kaʻiʻo Mackerel i nā waikawa amino momona. ʻO ka awelika o ka lōʻihi o ke kanaka ʻeleʻele he 50 kenimika.
Me ka lōʻihi o ka hapalua mika, kaupaona ʻia ka mackerel ma kahi o 400 gram. Hele hewa kekahi kanaka i loko o nā shoals o nā kaukani, e maʻalahi ai i nā lawaiʻa e hopu.
Makaleka ʻAkelanika
ʻOi aku ka momona a ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ke Kai ʻEleʻele. ʻO nā Lunamakaʻāinana o ka lihi ʻākau kau i 60 kenimika, e loaʻa ana i ka nui o 1.6 kilogram.
Hōʻuluʻulu ʻo Mackerels i ka nui. Inā hopu ʻia ka mackerel nui, he trophy ka iʻa e hiki mai ana.
