He holoholona fussy liʻiliʻi, i kēlā me kēia manawa, me he mea lā e kū mai ana mai nā mauʻu, a laila nalowale hou i loko o lākou, ʻo kēia - squirrel honua kiko.
ʻO ke kiʻi o ka squirrel ground speckled he paʻakikī loa e hana ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ʻoiai ʻaʻole kū ka holoholona i kahi kūlana no hoʻokahi minuke. ʻOiai ke "hoʻokele" ke gopher ma luna o ka mauʻu, kona ihu, ke neʻe mau nei ka waha, a aia ke kino i kahi kūlana paʻakikī.
Eia kekahi, mālama mau nā holoholona i ka wā kaomi o ka mea paʻi kiʻi i ka pale. No laila, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā kiʻi o gophers i ke kūlohelohe e loaʻa aunoa, me ka ʻole o ke kōkua kanaka.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho o ka squirrel ground speckled
ʻO kēia holoholona kekahi o nā squirrels lepo liʻiliʻi loa, ʻo ka lōʻihi o kona kino fluffy e hōʻea i 18-25 cm wale nō, a ʻaʻohe hiki iki kona kaumaha i ka hapalua kilogram. Ma waho aʻe o ka liʻiliʻi maoli, pōkole hoʻi ka holoholona. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka huelo o ka gopher i ka hapahā o ka lōʻihi o kona kino, ma ke ʻano he rula, ʻo ka lōʻihi awelika o ka huelo mai 3 a 5 cm.
ʻOi aku ka nui a me ka ʻōlinolino o nā kāne o nā squirrels honua ma mua o nā wahine. Ma nā hale kūʻai puke kiʻi o speckled gopher Hōʻike pinepine ʻia i nā ʻano ʻano ʻokoʻa, a laila ka māmā, a laila ka lauoho ʻulaʻula, a laila keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, pinepine ʻole nā kiʻi i nā wehewehe e pili ana i nā kala like ʻole a, i ka laulā, he ʻano ʻokoʻa.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he nui loa ka nohona o ka holoholona, a me ke kala o kona kapa huluhulu, a me nā nuances waho liʻiliʻi, pili pono i kahi e noho ai kahi gopher.
O kahi laʻana, ʻO Gopher speckled ma Belarus Loaʻa iā ia ka hulu hipa huluhulu me kahi leo momona a me nā kiko keʻokeʻo, kahi kino a me nā wāwae ikaika.
ʻO ka holoholona like i ka Pridonya steppe ua maeele, me nā kikoʻeleʻele, kahi ākea ākea a me nā poʻohiwi ʻoloka, ke kino e like me ka peʻa, ʻoiai e hoʻomohala ʻia nā wāwae hope ma mua o nā mua.
No laila, ʻo kekahi o nā nuances o ka helehelena a me nā ʻano i ke kala o nā holoholona e pili pono i kahi a lākou e noho pono ai. ʻO ka mōʻaukala, ko lākou wahi noho a pau o ʻEulopa mai ka ʻaoʻao kūkulu ʻākau a i ka latitu hema, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā gophers ma ka ʻāina mai ka Danube a i nā kapa o Volga.
Makemake ʻo Gophers e noho i nā steppe, nā ululāʻau, nā kula, a me nā māla. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia mau holoholona ma ke kiʻekiʻe o ka "ʻāina puʻupaʻa". ʻO ka palau ʻana o nā steppe i alakaʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hoʻi hope nā gophers a noho ma nā ʻaoʻao o nā alanui ʻāina, i nā kāʻei ulu lāʻau, ma nā pali o nā pali maloʻo a me nā gullies, i loko o nā māla "haʻalele", nā māla ʻāhiu, a, ʻoiai hoʻi, kokoke i nā māla me nā cereal.
ʻO ka neʻe ikaika i alakaʻi ʻia i kahi hōʻemi nui o kēia mau holoholona, ua heleleʻi ka helu a ʻike ʻia lākou he ʻano kokoke i ka make, a i ka waena o ke kenekulia i hala squirrel honua kiko ku i nā ʻaoʻao ulaʻula nā puke a loaʻa ke kūlana "pale".
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona o ka gopher speckled
ʻO nā Gophers nā holoholona kaiāulu nui me kahi ʻano hoʻomohala o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana. Noho lākou i nā kolone nui, inā ʻae ka ʻāina, a laila sparse, inā he wahi liʻiliʻi, paʻa loa.
ʻO ka lālā a me ka nui o ka lua e pili ana i ka loaʻa o kahi, kahi e loaʻa ai i kēlā me kēia holoholona makua. ʻEli ʻo Gophers i nā lua me ka hoihoi. Kūkulu kēlā me kēia holoholona iā ia iho kahi noho mau a, me ka hoʻohui iā ia, e hoʻopunipuni ana i nā hale burrows manawa.
ʻO kahi "hale" maoli paʻa hoʻokahi wale nō ke komo, nā lālā he nui, nā lālā e hoʻopau ana i nā "keʻena" no ka mālama ʻana i nā waihona, kahi "lumi" insulated kahi e noho pono ai ka gopher - aia ia ma kahi hohonu o 40 a 130 cm, a hilinaʻi nui ʻia i aniau - ʻo ke anuanu ka hoʻoilo, ka hohonu o nā lua.
ʻOkoʻa loa nā lua bursows kūlohelohe, ʻaʻohe o lākou ʻāpana hiamoe a mālama, akā he nui ko lākou puka. ʻImi nā squirrels honua iā lākou ma kahi o nā wahi a lākou e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau hale e ke kolone holoʻokoʻa o nā holoholona, me ka nānā ʻole i ka mea nāna i ʻeli pono iā lākou.
Ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa ikaika nei nā Zoologists no nā makahiki he nui me ka ʻole o ka ʻae ʻia e pili ana inā he hierarchy a me kahi hui kaiaulu i nā kolone o kēia mau holoholona.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai ʻo ka hiki ʻole i nā ʻepekema ke pane i kēia nīnau, ma ke ʻano he poʻe gophers e noho kaʻawale nei. Inā kipaku ʻia lākou mai ke kolone, a i ʻole he hermits manawaleʻa - ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia, ʻike wale ʻia aia kekahi mau holoholona.
Noho noho ʻole ʻo Gophers, noho paʻa ma kahi hoʻokahi, me ka neʻe ʻole ma muli o ka meaʻai. I ka nele o ka meaʻai, hele nā gophers e ʻimi iā ia a puni ka moku a lawe mai i kā lākou mea i loaʻa i loko o ka lua.
Hiki ke hoʻoikaika ʻia ka neʻe ʻana o nā holoholona e ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o ko lākou mau wahi noho a me ka hoʻoweliweli i ke ola, i hana ʻia i ka wā e mahi ai nā ʻāina puʻupaʻa, a hiki i ka 1980. ʻEleu nā holoholona i ke ao, mai ke kakahiaka a i ke ahiahi, akā i ke anilā maikaʻi wale nō. Inā ua, ʻaʻole haʻalele ka gopher i kāna "hale" ma lalo o kekahi ʻano.
ʻO ke ʻano o ke gopher e like me ke ʻano o kona ʻohana mamao, ka ʻāpala. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa wale nō ka emi o ka hilinaʻi ʻole o kēia holoholona i ka pili i nā kānaka.
ʻO ke koena o nā gophers a me nā squirrels e like loa - aloha lākou i kā lākou "lumi moe", hoʻomehana mau iā lākou, hōʻano hou a hoʻomaʻemaʻe pū kekahi. Makemake lākou e peʻe i kekahi wahi a nānā i nā mea e hana nei a puni, e huki ana i nā ʻanoʻano mai kahi cone a i ʻole nā ʻanoʻano mai kahi spikelet.
ʻAʻole lākou e noho i loko o nā ʻohana, hui pū me kahi hoa, akā ʻaʻole kaʻana like i hoʻokahi puka me ia a ʻaʻole alakaʻi i kahi ola maʻamau. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pono lākou i kā lākou waihona a nānā i ka maikaʻi o nā meaʻai a lākou e hūnā ai no ka hoʻoilo.
A hiki i kēia manawa, manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ʻaʻole ʻai ka poʻe speckled i ka hoʻoilo, akā hana ʻia nā lāʻau i ka wā maikaʻi ʻole a i ʻole instinctively. Akā i kēia mau lā, me ke kōkua o nā ʻike loea o kahi kolone o nā holoholona ma ka moku ʻo Rostov (Don), ua loaʻa nā mea i ʻike ʻia e hōʻole loa i ka wehewehe o mua, i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia e nā naturalists o ke kenekulia i hala.
Hūnā ʻia nā holoholona hū nāhelehele, akā ʻaʻole lākou e hiamoe mau. Ke ala aʻe nei, hele a puni ka mink i ke gopher, nānā i ka puka komo, inā aia he thaw i ka pā, hiki ke puka i waho no kahi hele pōkole, a laila ʻai a hiamoe hou.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka mamao loa o ke aniau a ʻoi aku ke anu o ka hoʻoilo, ʻo ka ikaika o ka hibernation. I nā wahi me ka hoʻoilo nui, ʻaʻole ala nā gophers, mau ka hiamoe ma kahi o Kepakemapa a Malaki, i ka nui, hiki i ka gopher ke hiamoe mai 6 a 7 mau mahina.
I kēia manawa, hoʻemi ʻia kona kaumaha e ka hapalua, a i kekahi manawa, me kahi hibernation lōʻihi, make wale ka holoholona. Hiamoe nā holoholona i ka wā e noho ana, kūlou, hūnā i ko lākou poʻo i loko o ka ʻōpū a uhi i ko lākou ihu me ka huelo.
E hānai ana i ka squirrel honua
Ka wehewehe o ka squirrel ground speckled ʻAʻole piha ʻo ia me ka haʻi ʻole ʻana i kāna papaʻai. Aia i loko o kēia mau mea kanu mea ulu nā mea kanu he kanalima.
I ka manawa like, he gourmet ka fluffy waihoʻoluʻu. I loko o nā pantry o gophers, no ka laʻana, nā pua clover maloʻo, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā ʻano mea kanu, e mālama ʻokoʻa ʻia, nā aʻa, nā koʻokoʻo, nā hua, nā hua, waiho pū ʻia ʻokoʻa.
E noho ana nā gopher ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa o ka Don e mālama ai i nā ʻano ʻāpala, e ʻai ana i ka ʻāpala ponoʻī, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana iā ia, akā i nā latitude o Moscow, hana nā holoholona i nā hale i loko o nā hale kauwela a hoʻomoe i nā hua dill, nā aʻa parsley a me nā kāloti e like me nā ʻano.
ʻO ka meaʻai punahele a nā holoholona a me ke kumu o kā lākou papaʻai:
- palaoa;
- rai;
- barley;
- ʻoka;
- fescue;
- mauʻu hulu;
- yarrow;
- ululāʻau;
- mint;
- dandelion;
- ʻoka hihiu.
Ma kahi kokoke i nā kanu māla, hōʻike nā squirrels honua i ko lākou aloha piha i ke kulina, makemake i nā pahu i nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe āpau a hōʻike i nā mea kupaianaha acrobatic maoli ke paʻa lākou.
ʻOiai he mau mea ʻai nā gopher, ʻaʻole noʻonoʻo kekahi o lākou i ka ʻai ʻana i nā nalo. Ma ke ʻano he kūlana, makemake nā holoholona e noho ana ma waho o nā kolone e ʻai i ka protein. Aia kekahi kuhiakau ʻo ia nā mea ʻaʻaina ke kumu ke kumu o ko lākou kaʻawale.
Eia naʻe, ʻo ka counterargument i kēia thesis ka mea ʻo ka ʻai pinepine ʻana o nā holoholona i kā lākou keiki ponoʻī, a ʻaʻole wale ma ka wā hānau, akā makemake pū lākou i ka necrophagia - ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻai lākou i ko lākou ʻohana i paʻa a ʻeha paha. Akā, i ka manawa like, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻopā aku i ka poʻe i hiki ʻole ke ala aʻe ma hope o ka hoʻoilo.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hāpai nā holoholona i nā lua, hele mai nā kāne e kipa i nā wahine. Hoʻomaka kēia hana i 1-2 mau pule ma hope o ka ala nui ʻana o ke kolone. Noho ka hapai ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina, a ma hope o ka hānau ʻia ʻana o 6 a 10 mau pēpē, hele lākou i ke ʻano makua i ke kau waena o ke kauwela, i ka hopena o Iune - Iulai mua
Noho iki ʻo Gophers, mai 4 a 5 mau makahiki, ʻaʻole ola ka hapa nui i ka hoʻoilo mua i ko lākou ola. Eia nō naʻe nā mea hoihoi He aha squirrel honua kiko i loko o ka zoo, ʻaʻole ola iki a 6-8 mau makahiki, a ʻo nā hybrids me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā squirrels lepo i ka noho pio ʻana e ola lōʻihi.
