Nā hiʻohiʻona a me kahi noho o ka tit-brown tit
Mea hāmeʻa poʻo poʻo, ʻike ʻia hoʻi he pauka ma muli o ka makemake o ka manu e fluff up i kāna plumage ikaika i ka hoʻoilo a me ka wā huhū, no ka lōʻihi o ka ʻohana tit, akā i kēia mau lā ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā zoologists i kahi ʻano kaʻawale, i loaʻa kahi inoa hoihoi - titmouse.
Aia kekahi hapa liʻiliʻi o nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia genus, ka mea maʻamau maʻamau ka poʻo poʻo ʻeleʻele a poʻo poʻo ʻeleʻele, ka mea mua e kūkākūkā ʻia ma kēia ʻatikala.
Ke ola nei ka hāmeʻa poʻo ʻeleʻele i loko o nā ululāʻau coniferous mānoanoa o Eurasia, Kanada, ʻAmelika a me Caucasus, emi pinepine i nā wahi mauna o ka hemisphere ʻākau, nā Kuahiwi Caucasus, nā Carpathians. Makemake lākou e noho kaʻawale mai nā kānaka ma nā wahi mamao o ka nahele.
I nā manawa o ka nele i ka meaʻai, hiki iā ia ke hoihoi e pili ana i ka poʻe a ʻai i nā koena. ʻAʻohe ʻo ia e kipa aku i nā mea hānai manu kūikawā a ka man i hana ai. ʻO kahi hui nui loa o ka ʻohana titmouse, ʻelua wale nō i ka helu nui i ka helu.
He aha ke ʻano o ke tit poʻo ʻeleʻele, hoihoi i nā mea kūlohelohe he nui, no ka mea e ʻike i ko lākou mau ʻohana, pono ʻoe e hoʻolako i kahi huakaʻi holoʻokoʻa i ka tundra hau. ʻO nā titmice āpau, ʻo ia hoʻi ka genus o ka tit-brown-poʻo, he liʻiliʻi ka nui - 12 -14 centimetres i ka lōʻihi, me kahi huelo (5-6 cm) - 17-20 cm.ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kino he 10-15 wale nō gram.
ʻO ka mea i ʻike pinepine ʻia me nā plumage ʻeleʻele o kahi malu pouli, ʻeleʻele ke poʻo o ke poʻo, hoʻolōʻihi aku ka pāpale i hope o ke poʻo. Keʻokeʻo ka ʻāʻī ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua, a he kiko ʻeleʻele ma ka ʻāʻī. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka plumage a me ka wahi o ka undertail i loaʻa i ka malu kalima pale.
He mea hīmeni manu ʻo Pukhlyak, he mea kupaianaha kāna mau mele. ʻO ka hoʻolohe ʻana i ke mele ʻana o kēia mau manu kahi mea leʻaleʻa iā ia iho, ʻoiai ka mea ʻokoʻa ʻole kā lākou papa mele a ʻekolu mau ʻano o nā "mele", ʻo ia hoʻi:
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o kahi hāmeʻa poʻo ʻeleʻele
- Teritori;
- Hōʻikeʻike (hana ʻia e nā kāne ʻelua e loaʻa kahi hoa);
- Courtship (hana ʻia e nā kāne i ka wā pachip o kahi wahine).
Ke ʻano a me ka nohona o ka tit-brown poʻo
Tit-brown-tit - manuʻo ia kahi sedentary, pūnana i ka hopena o ʻApelila - Mei mua i nā lua a me nā kumu lāʻau i kahi mamao loa mai ka honua.
ʻAʻole like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe tits, ʻumiʻumi poʻo poʻo makemake lākou e kū kaʻawale, e like me nā lāʻau ʻāhiu, gouge iā lākou iho i nā lua liʻiliʻi, a 20 cm ka hohonu a me 7-8 cm ke anawaena.
Ma muli o ka nuku liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke ʻūlū i ka ʻili o kahi lāʻau ikaika ʻōpio, no laila koho lākou i nā kumu o nā lāʻau popopo make me ka wahī palaha no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā pūnana. He mea hoihoi ka hana ʻana o nā puffs i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā pūnana i nā pālua, i hana ʻia i ka hāʻule.
I loko o kona makahiki mua o ke ola, ke ʻimi nei kahi kāne ʻōpio i kāna kāne i ka ʻāina kokoke loa (ma kahi o 5 mau kilomita). Inā hāʻule kēia, haʻalele ʻo ia i kona ʻāina hānau a lele e ʻimi i ka laki ma nā wahi mamao o ka nahele. ʻO nā kumulāʻau punahele loa no nā moa poʻo poʻo:
- Alder;
- Laau Birch;
- Aspen;
Ma ka awelika, lawe kēia hana i nā manu ma kahi o hoʻokahi pule, ʻelua mau manawa. Hollows a hiki i iwakālua mau kenimika ka hohonu; hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻili, nā lālā, ka hulu, ka hulu hipa e hana. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o nā pūnana o nā puffs ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i ka limu i kā lākou mau lua, ʻokoʻa ka ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka genus o ka moa.
He mea liʻiliʻi loa, hiki i nā puffs ke noho i nā lua i hoʻomākaukau ʻia a i ʻole nā pūnana i hana ʻia i ka makahiki i hala. ʻEono a ʻewalu paha mau hua i loko o kahi paʻa, ʻelua mau pua i kēlā me kēia kau ke kākaʻikahi loa.
I ke kauwela e hiki mai ana, hui pū nā mākua me nā keiki ʻōpio i nā hipa nomadic, ʻaʻole pili wale i nā geeks poʻo ʻeleʻele; hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopili pū i nā mōʻī a me nā manu ʻē aʻe.
I ke kauwela, hoʻonā nā puffs a nānā i nā hoa no ka male ʻana. Ke hoʻomau nei kekahi o kēia mau hipa e holoholo i ka hoʻoilo, i kekahi manawa no ka manawa lōʻihi i ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi maikaʻi e noho ai a i ʻole ʻelua.
Makemake kēia mau manu e hūnā i nā cache me nā ʻanoʻano o nā mea kanu like ʻole, akā aneane poina pinepine lākou i kahi a lākou e hūnā ai i ka waiwai, no laila i loko o ka hohonu o ka nahele hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi nui o ia mau hale mālama.
Ma ke ala like, kōkua lākou i nā kumulāʻau hou e ulu a hoʻonui i ka wahi o nā ululāʻau. ʻO kēia ka hiki i nā hanauna o ka puffs i ka wā e hiki mai ana ke hoʻoponopono i ka hana ʻana i nā pūnana i kēia mau lāʻau.
Akamai nō hoʻi nā moa moa, no ka mea, ke gouge lākou iā lākou iho i kahi pūnana, ʻaʻole lākou e waiho pono i nā ʻāpana ma lalo o ka kumulāʻau, e hoʻohuli iā lākou i kekahi ʻāpana o ka nahele a hūnā paha ma waena o nā nila.
Hiki i nā knots wahie liʻiliʻi ma kahi moena keʻokeʻo o ka hau ke hāʻawi i kahi o ka pūnana. ʻO nā pūnana i waiho ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻoilo e nā moa moa ʻeleʻele e lawelawe i home no nā manu liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe, e like me ka lele lele ʻana a i ʻole nā hoa lawaiʻa, no ka makahiki e hiki mai ana.
ʻO ka meaʻai o ka tit poʻo poʻo
ʻO nā genus āpau o ke poʻo poʻo ʻeleʻele i hānai ʻia i nā mea he nui ma nā ʻano mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, i loko o nā invertebrates a me nā ʻelala. He mea maikaʻi loa ka pauka no nā kaiaolaola ulu o nā manu, no ka mea he kuleana nui lākou i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka helu o nā ʻano meaola like ʻole.
Kōkua lākou i nā kumulāʻau e kāpae i nā parasites e ke kuha ʻana i nā mea kolo liʻiliʻi ma lalo o ka ʻili. ʻAi pū nā pauka i nā hua a me nā hua o nā mea kanu. I ke kauwela, of o kā lākou papaʻai nā mea kanu a me ka animal o nā meaʻai holoholona.
I ka hoʻoilo, up o ka papaʻai i kūkulu ʻia i nā mea kanu, ʻo ka nui o nā ʻanoʻano o nā conifers - nā lāʻau Kalikimaka, nā kedera a me nā yew. Makemake nā keiki ʻōpio i kahi meaʻai māmā me nā ʻenuhe, nā nūpā liʻiliʻi, nā ʻūlū a me nā mea kolo liʻiliʻi me ka hoʻohui hou ʻana o nā mea kanu. ʻO nā mea kanu, nā palaoa a me nā palaʻai e noho i kahi wahi kūikawā i ka papaʻai, ʻo ia hoʻi:
- Palaoa;
- Hop;
- Hemp;
- Lilina;
- Kolo;
- Oats;
- ʻO Barley;
Hua hua:
- Kuʻi puaʻa;
- Pālika;
- Strawberry;
- Kumukānāwai;
Makemake lākou e nānā no ka loaʻa kālā ma ka papa waena a me lalo o ka nahele, i nā ulu lāʻau paʻa, akā ʻaʻole lākou e iho i lalo i ka honua. I loko o nā ululāʻau coniferous o ʻEulopa, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi kiʻi hoʻomākeʻaka o ka pili ʻana o nā manu o kēia genus i lalo i kahi lālā lahilahi, e hoʻāʻo nei e hopu i nā nalo meli.
I ka hoʻoilo, nānā lākou i nā mea kolo no lākou iho, e ʻuwā ana i ka ʻili lāʻau. E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, i loko o ka makahiki hūnā lākou i kahi nui o nā waihona hua lū i loko o nā lua ma waena o ka ʻili a me ke kumu o ka lāʻau, i nā nāhelehele. Hana i ka poʻe me ke akahele, no laila ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻokokoke i nā mea hānai, ke ʻike nei hoʻi i ka pōloli loa.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ka tit-brown
Ma ka awelika, i ka makahiki mua o ke ola, mai loko mai o hoʻokahi tausani mau kānaka, ma kahi o ʻekolu haneli e ola nei. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola ma mua o 2-3 mau makahiki. ʻO ke au nui loa, a hiki i nā hanana lā hiki ke ola ka pauka - 9 mau makahiki, noho ka helu like ma ka home. ʻO ka tit tit-brown wahine e hoʻomoe i nā hua manu i ka hopena o Mei. I kekahi manawa pelu pololei ʻia lākou i lalo o ka lua, kahi e moe ai nā moena maloʻo, nā lālā a me nā ʻāpana.
Ma hope o ka lina ʻana o ka wahine i ka puha, kali ʻo ia i ʻelima a ʻeono paha lā hou, a ma hope iho moe ʻo ia mai ka ʻeono a i ka ʻumikūmālua mau hua i ka manawa keʻokeʻo paʻa me nā kiko ʻulaʻula māmā. Hoʻokomo ka wahine puffball i mau hua no ʻelua pule, ʻoiai ke kāne e pale i ka ʻāina a ʻimi e hānai i kāna hoa.
Hoʻomoʻa nā moa i loko o ʻelua mau lā. ʻO nā lā mua, ʻaʻole lele ka makuahine ma waho o ka hollow, hoʻomehana i nā pēpē hānau hou; i loko o ka ʻeke i ka pūnana, noho lākou ma kahi o iwakālua mau lā.
He mea hoihoi i ke kāne, ʻoiai ka wahine e hoʻoulu ana i nā hua, lawe i ka meaʻai i ʻelua a i ʻole ʻekolu haneli manawa i ka lā. Ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina, hoʻomaka ka pua e lele i waho o ka pūnana ma o lākou iho, akā e hoʻomau ka makuahine i ka hānai ʻana iā lākou ma kahi o hoʻokahi pule.
Ma hope o kēlā, ʻo nā pīpī ʻōpio, a me nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka genus o nā pīpī poʻo ʻeleʻele, e ʻākoakoa i kahi ʻohana, a hui pū ʻia me nā ʻohana manu ʻē aʻe. Hoʻomaka pū lākou e huakaʻi ma nā latitu ʻākau e ʻimi i kahi pūnaewele pūnana hou.
I loko o ke ola holoʻokoʻa, hana kekahi mau moa i nā keiki he nui ma mua o hoʻokahi keiki, me ka mālama nui ʻana i nā hua a me nā pua puaʻa, nā mea i 18-20 mau lā e ola i ka taiga hihiu a me ke anuanu. ʻO ke ola o nā gaits ke kuhi ʻole a paʻakikī hoʻi, koe wale nō kekahi o nā ʻohana nui e ola - ka mea ikaika a maʻalahi hoʻi i ka nahelehele.
