Ua waiwai ke aupuni holoholona i kona mau kamaʻāina. I waena o lākou, aia kekahi mau holoholona leʻaleʻa liʻiliʻi a me nā mea nui weliweli. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hoihoi ka dia ʻulaʻula.
I ka inoa ponoi o kēia holoholona e waiho ana ka lokomaikaʻi, kūlana kiʻekiʻe a me ka hanohano. ʻO kekahi o nā lunamaka'āinana o ka moʻomeheu dia dia ʻulaʻula. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale maʻalahi ʻia mai kāna mau congeners e kona kala mua a me nā pepeiaohao.
ʻO ka wehewehe mua o kēia holoholona hanohano i hōʻike ʻia ma Beijing ma 1869. He ʻano like ko ka dia ʻulaʻula me nā dia ʻulaʻula. Akā loaʻa dia dia ʻulaʻula ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā pepeiaohao.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho o ka dia ʻulaʻula
He dia ʻulaʻula holoholona, ʻo ia paha kekahi o nā lāhui dia makepono. ʻO kona kala kupaianaha e huki i ka maka, e ʻoliʻoli i ʻulaʻula i ka ʻāpana o ka huelo. ʻO kēia ke kala o nā dia ʻulaʻula i ke kauwela.
I ka hoʻoilo, akā, lilo i hina hina. Ka lōʻihi o ke kino dia ʻulaʻula hiki i 2.5 mau mika. Akā hiki i nā dia ʻulaʻula, ʻo ka lōʻihi o kona hiki ke 2.8 mau mika. Pili kēia mau palena i nā kāne. ʻO kā lākou wahine, ma ke ʻano he kaulike, ʻoi iki ka liʻiliʻi.
Kaha ma kiʻi o nā dia ʻulaʻula like loa me ke kalaunu nani. ʻO kā lākou nui i ka lōʻihi e pili ana iā 80 cm, lōʻihi ka 90 cm. ʻAʻole lālā ʻia e like me ka reindeer, akā aia ma kahi o 16 mau lālā.
Manaʻo ʻia he hiki i ka helu o nā lālā ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka nui o nā holoholona, akā hiki wale nō kēia i kahi kiko. ʻO kona nui ʻana, ʻoi aku kiwi dia e liʻiliʻi ana nā lālā.
Me ka hōʻea ʻana o ka pūnāwai, hoʻolei ka holoholona i kona mau pepeiaohao, ulu wale nā ulu liʻiliʻi i ko lākou mau wahi. Ma hope o ʻelua mau mahina, ʻike ʻia nā pepeiaohao hou, i hoʻonui ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki e hoʻokahi kaʻina, i kapa ʻia he pantha.
ʻO nā antlers mua i ka ʻili palupalu a wili. Akā hala kekahi manawa, a lilo ko lākou ʻili velvety a ʻoʻoleʻa. ʻO nā ʻōpiopio ʻōpio kahi waiwai nui i hoʻohana ʻia i ka lāʻau.
Aia i loko o ka manawa mai Mei a Iune i lilo ai kēia mau holoholona i makana i makemake nui ʻia o ka poʻe ʻimi holoholona. ʻAʻohe emi mahalo a ʻiʻo dia ʻulaʻula, kona momona a me kona ʻili, no laila ʻImi holoholona Manchurian hanana pinepine a maʻamau. Akā paʻa nā mea āpau ma lalo o ka laikini, me nā palena manawa kūpono āpau.
Hoʻolōʻihi iki ke poʻo o ka holoholona. ʻAʻole lōʻihi ka ʻāʻī, waena nā pepeiao me nā ʻōkuhi kiko. ʻO kona ʻano ke ʻano o ka like, ʻaʻohe kiko ma luna ona. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻōpio ma mua o ka molt mua.
Noho nā dia ʻulaʻula i nā ululāʻau. ʻO ka mea makemake nui iā ia nā taiga, nā lau ākea a me nā ululāʻau mauna. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ma nā wahi ākea o ka ulu o ka mauna, ma nā awāwa.
I ke kauwela, hiki i ke kāʻei Alpine. ʻO ka mea nui no ka dia ʻulaʻula he ʻāina paʻa ia ma lalo o kona mau wāwae. Noho kēia holoholona nani ma Rūsia, ma ka Hikina hikina a me Transbaikalia, ma Yakutia a me Primorye, a ma Kōlea hoʻi a me Kina ʻākau.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
He mamao loa kēia mai kahi holoholona lapuwale, ke hoʻokolokolo nei wehewehe o ka dia ʻulaʻula... Hiki iā ia ke minamina a akahele i kekahi mau manawa. I kekahi mau hihia, hōʻike ia i kāna maʻalea.
Kōkua ko lākou kala i ka hūnā ʻana i ko lākou ʻano kamaʻāina. He ʻano hoʻomohala maikaʻi ka holoholona i ka honi, ʻike maka a lohe. Hiki iā ia ke honi i kahi pilau kanaka i kahi mamao o 400 mau mika, no laila e ʻōlelo ai nā mea ʻimi holoholona.
Akā aia kekahi mau manawa ke ʻano dulled kēia mau ʻano āpau. Hana kēia i ka wā o ka holoholona. He mau pahuhopu ʻokoʻa kāna i kēia wā. Hoʻokumu nā dia Manchurian i kāna harem ponoʻī.
A, ʻo ka nui o ka hoihoi ʻana o nā wahine iā ia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka dia. ʻO ka maʻamau he ʻekolu a ʻehā mau wahine paha kēia, akā i kekahi manawa ulu ko lākou helu i ka ʻumi. Hoʻokele ka dia ʻulaʻula i ka nui o nā wahine ma o ka hoʻokūkū, ua kuʻi lākou iā lākou.
ʻO ke kāhea no kahi duel ma waena o nā kāne me ka halulu ikaika. Ke kali nei nā wahine i ka duel hakakā hakakā i kona hopena a haʻalele me ka mea lanakila. ʻO ka hopena o ia mau hoʻokūkū ʻaʻole hiki i nā pepeiaohao haki wale nō, akā ʻo ka make pū kekahi.
E hoʻolohe i ka halulu o nā dia ʻulaʻula
Hana ʻia kēia i Kepakemapa, ʻOkakopa. E ka leo o kahi holoholona, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo i kona mau makahiki. Uwa nā dia ʻulaʻula me kahi leo maopopo. I ke oʻo, nā holoholona makua, ʻoi aku ka mū.
I loko o ia mau hoʻokūkū, ʻike ʻia ka maʻalea o nā dia ʻulaʻula ʻōpio i kekahi manawa. ʻOiai e hakakā ana nā mea hakakā i waena o lākou iho no ke kuleana e noho pū me ka "wahine male", hiki i ka dia ʻulaʻula ʻōpio ke lawe wale a lawe iā ia.
ʻO ka neʻe maʻamau ka ʻanuʻu maʻamau o ka holoholona. No laila, hiki iā ia ke lanakila maʻalahi i nā wahi pōhaku. I ka hihia o ka makaʻu, neʻe nā dia ʻulaʻula, lele lele i luna, ikaika e pahu ana i ka honua. ʻO ka holo ʻana ma kahi trot he mea liʻiliʻi loa ia no kēia mau holoholona.
ʻO ka maʻamau o kā lākou lele lele kiʻekiʻe e huli i nā ʻanuʻu. ʻOkoʻa iki ka neʻe ʻana o nā wahine i ka neʻe a ke kāne. Makemake nā wahine e holo ikaika a ikaika me ke kuamoʻo i kulou i ka manawa like. Makemake nā kāne i ka hele wāwae.
ʻO ka ʻīlio hae, bear, lynx, wolverine, tiger ka mea ʻoi aku ka ʻenemi ʻoi loa o nā dia ʻulaʻula i ka nahele. Lawe ʻia ka ʻeha nui e nā nahu o nā kolo, midges, makika, gadflies, ticks. He maʻalahi no ka ʻīlio hae e lanakila dia ʻulaʻula i ka hoʻoilo, ke uhi ʻia nā mea āpau e ka hau a paʻakikī ka neʻe ʻana o ka holoholona.
I kēia manawa, lilo lākou i mea kōkua ʻole loa. ʻAʻole hiki i nā dia ʻulaʻula ʻōpio ke pale iā ia iho mai ka predator liʻiliʻi loa. Hiki i ka holoholona ke loaʻa i ka anthrax, ka mumū o ke ake, ka palahō, nā maʻi pūpū e like me ka maʻi puʻuwai, a me ka maʻi wāwae a me ka waha a me ka scurvy.
Mea ʻai
ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka ʻai ʻana o nā dia ʻulaʻula mai nā dia ʻulaʻula. Hoʻopili kā lākou papaʻai i nā meaʻai mea kanu. Makemake lākou i nā cereal, nā mauʻu, nā legume, nā lau i hāʻule, nā nila a me nā nila spruce, nā lālā lāʻau.
ʻAi lākou i nā acorn, nā chestnuts, nā nati, nā lau, nā laikini, nā hua. I mea e hoʻoikaika ai i ko lākou kino me nā minelala, ʻike lākou i ka liko paʻakai a palu i ka paʻakai ma luna o lākou.
I kekahi manawa hiki iā lākou ke nau i ka honua. I ka hoʻoilo, hiki i nā dia ʻulaʻula ke ʻai i ka hau a me ka hau a haki paha i ka hau e kiʻi i nā liko paʻakai. Pono ka holoholona i ka nui o ka wai. Inu lākou i ka nui.
He mea nui na lākou e hoʻomaʻemaʻe maoli ka wai. I ke kauwela, lawe pinepine nā meaʻai i ka pō. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku kēia ʻano i nā wahine me nā pēpē.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Ke hoʻomau nei ke ola nomadic o ka ʻulaʻula a hiki i ka hōʻea ʻana o ka rut. Mālama nā kānaka āpau i nā kau liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā lālā kahiko wale nō o kēia laha e makemake e noho hoʻokahi.
I ka hopena o ʻAukake, hoʻomaka ka hoʻokūkū no ke koho ʻana o nā hoa. I ka manawa like, hānau ka moena o nā holoholona, a ma hope o ka hāpai ʻana o ka hāpai. ʻO 249-269 mau lā. I ka hapa lua o Mei, i ka hoʻomaka o Iune, hānau ʻia hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau pēpē.
Hānai nā keiki hānau hou i ka waiū o ka makuahine. Ma hope o hoʻokahi pule, hoʻomaka hoʻomaka nā pēpē e hele pū me ko lākou makuahine i ka pā. Ua oʻo kolohe nā wahine i ka makahiki ʻekolu o ke ola, a ʻo nā kāne i ka hā. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola o kēia mau holoholona mai 14 a 18 mau makahiki.
