Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho
He mea kupaianaha wale ia no ke aha kēia he manu haʻaheo, nani e kau ana i ka pīpī pīpī "lua kanu" maikaʻi ʻole. Ma mua, ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ka hānai wale ʻana o kēia ʻaeto i ka carrion, no laila ua hoʻomaka lākou e kāhea iā ia.
Eia kekahi, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka manu e nānā i nā wahi a puni nā puʻu, ua piʻi pū lākou me kahi wehewehe.puʻu kanu". Eia naʻe, ua ʻike lōʻihi ʻia ʻo ka papaʻai nui o ka ʻaeto he pāʻani hou.
Akā, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki i ka manu ke kūʻē i kona inoa, ʻaʻohe mea i hoʻomaka e kapa hou iā ia e like me kēlā. Pa kanu kanu ʻaeto He mea ʻaihue manu nui. ʻO 83-85 cm ka lōʻihi o kona kino, hiki i kona mau ʻeheu i 2 m ka lōʻihi, a ke kaupaona nei ka ʻaeto ma kahi o 4.5 kg. ʻO ka mea hoihoi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne.
ʻO ka lua kanu e like loa me ka ʻaetoeto gula i ke kala o kona plumage, ʻoi aku ka pouli. A ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka ʻaeto gula i ka nui. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale i kēia mau manu ʻelua e nā hulu ma ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī, kokoke i kahi kanu kupapaʻu ua ʻaneʻane waihoʻoluʻu ʻia lākou, a ʻeleʻele hoʻi i ka ʻaeto gula.
ʻAe, ʻaʻohe "epaulets" o nā aeto gula - nā kiko keʻokeʻo ma ko lākou poʻohiwi. Akā hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau ʻokoʻa i nā manu makua i ʻoi aku ma mua o 5 mau makahiki, a hiki i kēlā manawa ʻaʻohe o ka ʻōpio "kala" hope.
Nui ka walaʻau o kēia manu. ʻO kēlā me kēia hanana, ʻoiai he mea nui ʻole loa, hele pū me nā "ʻōlelo". Inā ke hoʻokokoke ʻana o kahi hoa paio, ka helehelena o kekahi holoholona a kanaka paha, no nā mea āpau kanu manu pane me nā leo nui, ʻūlū.
A kākaʻikahi loa ka hāmau e hāmau i ka wā e ʻimi nei a ʻumeʻume i kahi hoa. Nui ka leo o ka ilina a hiki ke lohe ʻia i kahi mile ka mamao. Hoʻololi nā leo uē, i kekahi manawa e like me ke ʻūlū ʻana o ka moa, i kekahi manawa e like me ka ʻīlio e hae ana, a i kekahi manawa ua loaʻa kahi pākani lōʻihi a haʻahaʻa. ʻO ke koena o nā ʻaeto ʻaʻole ia he "kamaʻilio".
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o ka ilina
ʻOi aku ka makemake i nā ʻāpana steppe, nā ululāʻau a me nā wao akua, i nā ululāʻau hema o Eurasia, ʻAukekulia a me Serbia. ʻIke ʻo ia ʻoluʻolu loa i Rūsia, ma ke komohana hema, hiki ke loaʻa ma Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Mongolia a me India.
ʻOiai ka nui o ka puʻunaue ʻana, ua liʻiliʻi ka helu o kēia ʻaeto. ʻIke nā mea kiaʻi manu ʻepekema i ka helu pono o nā paʻa ma hea lākou. Maopopo leʻa me kēlā helu ua helu ʻia ka ilina ma ka puke ʻula.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Hāʻule ka hana nui a ka manu i ka lā. Ke ala aʻe ka lā a ala nā kukuna i ke ʻano mai ka hiamoe ʻana o ka pō, lele mua ka ʻaeto ma luna o ka honua. Nānā ʻo ia i ka mea pio. I ke kakahiaka a me ke awakea e ʻae kāna ʻike iā ia e ʻike i kahi iole liʻiliʻi ma kahi kiʻekiʻe loa. A i ka pō makemake ka manu e hoʻomaha.
ʻAʻole mālama nā ʻaeto i nā hipa, hiki iā lākou ke pale kūʻokoʻa i nā pilikia i ke ʻano o ka ʻenemi. A ʻaʻohe o lākou mau ʻenemi maopopo, koe wale no ke kanaka. ʻOiai ke kapu o ka hopu ʻana i kēia manu, hopu nā kānaka i nā ilina no ke kūʻai aku. ʻO ka manu ka rarer, ʻoi aku ke kumu kūʻai.
Hoʻohui, waiho nā kūlanakauhale ākea i ka liʻiliʻi a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka wahi no nā manu e pūnana ai, a me nā laina e holo ai ka uila, luku aloha ʻole ʻia i kēia mau manu. Haʻaheo kēia manu, ʻaʻole e makehewa. ʻOiai ka poʻe komo hewa i kona panalāʻau ilina i ka manawa mua ua ao aku ʻo ia me ka uē, a ma hope o ka mea hilahila ʻole e hoʻomau i kāna ʻoihana, me ka nānā ʻole i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo, hoʻouka ka manu.
Kakaikahi ke ola i kēlā hoʻouka kaua. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hakakā kēia ʻaeto me kona mau hoanoho a ʻaʻole ia e uhaʻi i nā palena o ka ʻāina ponoʻī. ʻAe, ʻaʻole paʻakikī kēia - ʻaʻole nui nā manu o nā ilina, no laila he liʻiliʻi loa ko lākou kūlia i kahi hoʻokahi, a he nui nā wahi o nā ʻāina he nui kahi e lawa ai ka meaʻai.
Nā meaʻai o ka ilina
ʻO ka papa kuhikuhi nui o ka manu nā rodents a me nā māmele liʻiliʻi. Hoʻopili kēia i nā gopher, nāʻiole, nā hamster, nā marmots, a me nā bea. ʻAʻole hoʻowahāwahā ka ʻaeto i nā manu. Makemake nui ʻo ia i ka grouse a me nā corvids. He mea hoihoi ka lawa ʻana o nā manu i ka hale kanu ke wehe lākou, a ʻaʻole pili ka ʻaeto i nā manu lele.
Hana ʻia ka manu e ʻai a me ka make. Hana pinepine kēia i ka puna. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole ala nā koʻokoʻo a pau i kā lākou mau lua, no laila ʻo nā ilina i hōʻea mai nei mai ka hoʻoilo a ke hoʻomākaukau nei no ka helehelena o nā keiki ʻaʻohe manawa e koho ai.
Pono kahi manu i ka meaʻai 600 g. I nā manawa ʻoi loa, hiki i kahi ʻaeto i ʻai ma mua o kahi kilokilo, ʻaʻole ia e make inā ʻai ʻo ia i 200 g o ka meaʻai. Akā i ka puna, pono nui ka ikaika, no laila e hoʻohana ʻia nā kupapaʻu o nā holoholona make i make a me nā kupapaʻu o nā holoholona i ola ʻole i ka hoʻoilo.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Paʻa nā kāne male. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻoiai i ka wā hoʻoilo, mālama pū nā manu ʻelua. No laila, ke hōʻea lākou mai ka hoʻoilo, hoʻonohonoho nui ʻia nā pāʻani moena e nā ʻaeto ʻōpio i hiki ʻole ke hana i kahi tandem "matrimonial" na lākou iho.
Hiki i nā aeto ke hoʻomaka i ke kūkulu ʻana i ko lākou ʻohana a hānau keiki wale nō ke hala nā makahiki he 5-6 iā lākou. A laila, i Malaki a ʻApelila paha, hoʻomaha nui nā kāne a me nā wahine. Lele lākou i ka lani a hōʻike i nā mea āpau i hiki iā lākou - hana lākou i nā pirouette kupaianaha, e kau ana i ka manaʻo i kā lākou kanaka.
Hele pū kēia mākaukau āpau me ka ʻuwā nui ʻole ʻana. He paʻakikī loa kēia hana i ka nānā ʻole ʻana, no laila ua hana wikiwiki ʻia nā pālua hou. Lele nā kāne kūpuna i nā wahi a lāua i pūnana ai i nā makahiki i hala a hoʻomaka koke ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ko lākou home, ma muli o ka ulu ʻana o ka pūnana i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
ʻO kahi kiʻi o kahi aeto aeto a me ka moa keiki
ʻO nā aeto, ʻaʻohe ona pūnana ma mua, hoʻomaka i ke kūkulu ʻana me kahi koho o kahi. No kēia, koho ʻia kahi lāʻau kiʻekiʻe, a ma kahi mamao o 15-25 m mai ka honua, i ka mānoanoa loa o ka lei aliʻi, kūkulu ʻia kahi hale hou. Kūpono no ke kūkulu ʻana a me nā pōhaku. Hana ʻia ka pūnana mai nā lālā, ʻili, mauʻu maloʻo a me nā ʻōpala like ʻole i kūpono e like me nā mea kūkulu hale.
ʻO ke anawaena o ka pūnana i kūkulu hou ʻia a hōʻea i 150 knm, a hiki i 70 cm ke kiʻekiʻe. Hana ʻia ia i loko o kahi ʻano "monumental", ʻike ʻia nā manu hilahila ʻole loa - nā manu, nā wagtails a i ʻole nā jackdaws, e noho ana ma ke kumu o ka hale ʻaeto. Ma hope o ke kūkulu ʻana, kau ka wahine i 1-3 mau hua a hoʻokomo iā lākou i 43 mau lā.
Kōkua ka ʻaeto kāne i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā keiki, akā noho pinepine ka wahine. ʻIke ʻia nā chicks me ka ʻole o ka hulu, akā naʻe, uhi ʻia me ka fluff keʻokeʻo. ʻAʻole haʻalele ka ʻaeto i kāna mau pēpē i ka pule holoʻokoʻa, hānai ʻo ia iā lākou a hoʻomehana iā lākou me kona kino. I kēia manawa, mālama ke poʻo o ka ʻohana i ka meaʻai no ka makuahine a me nā keiki.
Inā ʻaʻole 2 ka moa, e like me ka mau, akā 3, make ka pīpī nāwaliwali loa, akā ʻo ka make ʻana o nā moa o ka ʻaeto o ka hale kanu kanu he ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ko nā ʻaeto gula a, ʻo ka pinepine, ulu pono nā moa i kahi kūlana makua. Ma hope o 2 - 25 mau mahina, uhi paʻa ʻia nā moa me ka hulu a kū ma ka ʻēheu.
Eia nō naʻe, pili mau lākou i ko lākou mau mākua. A hiki i ka moekolohe ma hope o 5-6 mau makahiki. ʻO ke ola o nā ʻaeto manuahi mai nā aeto e noho nei i nā ʻano hana hana ʻino he nui loa. I ka nahelehele, 15-20 mau makahiki ia, a i nā ʻano i hana ʻia e ke kanaka, hiki i ka 55 mau makahiki.
Ka pale ʻana i ka ilina
Helu kanu manu ʻuʻuku makaʻu. Ua helu lōʻihi ʻia i loko o ka puke Red, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole ia e hāʻawi i kēia ʻano i ka palekana holoʻokoʻa. Poaching, kūkulu hou, deforestation - pau kēia i ka luku i ka laha. I mea e hoʻopakele ai i ka ʻaeto, hana ʻia nā mālama, hānai ʻia nā manu i nā zoo, hana ʻia nā kūlana no lākou i nā wahi pale kūikawā ʻia. Loaʻa ka manaʻolana ʻaʻole e nalo kēia mau ʻaeto, akā e lele i ka lani i ka palekana holoʻokoʻa.
