ʻO ka ʻōpae kahi crustacean, ʻo ia nā lunamakaʻāinana o ke kauoha o decapod crayfish. Ua palahalaha lākou ma nā wai a pau o ka moana o ka honua. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o kahi ʻōpala makua ma mua o 30 kenimika a he 20 mau kaupaona.
Ma mua o 2000 mau kānaka i ʻike ʻia i ka ʻepekema, me nā poʻe e noho ana i nā wai hou. ʻO ka ʻono o ka ʻōpae i alakaʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua lilo lākou i mea hana hana. Hoʻolahalaha ka hana o ka mahi ʻana i ka ʻōpala i ka honua i kēia lā.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho o ka ʻōpae
ʻO nā ʻōpala nā holoholona me ke ʻano kū hoʻokahi. Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻōpae aia i loko o kā lākou anatomy. ʻO Shrimps kekahi o nā crustacea laha ʻole i hoʻokahe a hoʻololi i kā lākou pū.
Aia kona kino a me kona puʻuwai ma ke poʻo. Aia pū kekahi nā mea digestive a me nā mimi. E like me ka hapa nui crustacean, ʻōpae hanu i loko o nā insana.
Pale ʻia nā gills o ka ʻōpae e ka pūpū a aia ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā wāwae hele. I ka mokuʻāina maʻamau, polū ko lākou koko, me ka nele o ka oxygen, ua lilo ia i discolored.
E ola ka ʻōpae i ka ʻaneʻane kokoke i nā kino nui o ka wai ma ka honua. ʻO kā lākou laulā e kaupalena ʻia e nā wai Arctic paʻakikī a me Antarctic wale nō. Ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa lākou i ke ola i ka mehana a me ke anuanu, ka paʻakai a me ka wai hou. ʻO ka helu nui loa o nā ʻano shrimp e hoʻopili ʻia i nā kaona equatorial. ʻO ka mamao loa mai ka equator, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ko lākou heluna.
Ke ʻano a me ka nohona o ka ʻōpae
Ululāʻau hana nui i ke kaiaola o ke kai a me ka moana. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe lākou i ka lalo o nā waihona mai nā koena o ka tubule, nā meaola wai a me nā iʻa. ʻO kā lākou papaʻai nā mea kanu popopo a me nā detritus, sludge ʻeleʻele i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka decomposition o nā iʻa a me nā limu.
Alakaʻi lākou i kahi nohona hana: huki lākou i ka palahalaha o ka lalo i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, ke kolo nei ma luna o nā lau o nā mea kanu, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana iā lākou i nā leho snail Hāʻawi ʻia ka maneuverability i ka wai e nā wāwae hele wāwae ma ka cephalothorax a me nā wāwae ʻauʻau o ka ʻōpū, a ʻo nā neʻe ʻana o nā kumu o ka huelo e hoʻi wikiwiki a hoʻi i ka makaʻu i ko lākou mau ʻenemi.
Mākaukau ka ʻōpae ʻo Aquarium ma ke ʻano he kauoha. Hōʻalo lākou i ka waihona wai o ka limu haʻahaʻa a ʻai i ke koena o nā "hoahānau" i make. I kekahi manawa hiki iā lākou ke hoʻouka i nā iʻa maʻi a i ʻole hiamoe. Kākaʻikahi ka Cannibalism ma waena o kēia mau crustacean. Hōʻike ia iā ia iho wale nō i nā hanana pilikia a i ʻole nā kūlana o ka pōloli lōʻihi.
ʻAno ʻōpala
Māhele ʻia nā ʻano shrimp i ʻike ʻia i ka ʻepekema i ʻehā mau hui:
- Wai mehana;
- Wai anuanu;
- Kai Paakai;
- Wai Hou.
ʻO ka wahi o ka ʻōpehana wai mehana e kaupalena ʻia i nā kai hema a me nā moana. Hopu ʻia lākou ʻaʻole wale ma ko lākou wahi maoli, akā mahi ʻia nō hoʻi i nā ʻano hana. ʻIke ka ʻepekema ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli mau ʻano o ka shrimp wai mehana. ʻO nā laʻana o ia mau molluscs ka ʻōpala tigre ʻeleʻele a me ka prawn tiger keʻokeʻo.
ʻO kahi kiʻi ʻōniʻoniʻo ke Tiga
ʻO nā ʻōpala wai anuanu nā mea ʻike kaulana loa. He ākea ko lākou wahi noho: loaʻa lākou ma ka Baletika, nā Barents, nā ʻAkau ʻĀkau, ma kahakai o Greenland a me Kanada.
Āhea wehewehe ʻōpala o kēlā mau kānaka pono ke ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ko lākou lōʻihi he 10-12 cm, a ʻo ko lākou kaupaona ʻo 5.5-12 gram. ʻAʻole hāʻawi ka shrimp wai anuanu iā lākou iho i ka hana kope kolohe a hoʻomohala wale i ko lākou wahi maoli.
ʻAi wale lākou i ka plankton aloha ʻāina, kahi hopena maikaʻi i ko lākou kūlana. ʻO nā lunamaka kaulana loa o kēia ʻāpana nā ʻāpana ʻulaʻula ʻākau, ka chillim ʻākau a me ka ʻōpala ʻulaʻula.
ʻO ʻōpae ʻōpelu i kiʻi ʻia
ʻO Shrimp, maʻamau i ka wai paʻakai o ke kai a me ka moana, i kapa ʻia he brackish. No laila, i ka Moana ʻAkelanika ʻulaʻula ʻiki aliʻi, keʻokeʻo ʻākau, ʻākala hema, ʻākala ʻākau, serrate a me nā kānaka ʻē aʻe.
I ke kiʻi, ʻōpala serrated
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ʻōpili Kiliana ma nā kapakai o ʻAmelika Hema. Nui ka wai o ka Moana ʻEleʻele, Baletika a me ke Kai Kai i ka mauʻu mauʻu a me ka one.
ʻO ke kiʻi iʻa he ʻōpae mauʻu
ʻIke ʻia nā ʻōpae wai hou i nā ʻāina o Hikina Hema a me Hema ʻAsia, ʻAukekulia, Rusia a me nā ʻāina o ka wahi ma hope o Soviet. ʻO ka lōʻihi o kēlā mau kānaka he 10-15 mau kenimika a kaupaona ʻia mai 11 a 18 mau huna. ʻO nā lāhui kaulana loa ka troglocar shrimp, Palaemon superbus, Macrobachium rosenbergii.
Mea ʻai ʻōpae
Ke kumu ʻai ʻōpae ke make nei i nā mea kanu wai a me nā ʻōpala ʻokanika. I ko lākou nohona kūlohelohe, he poʻe hehele lākou. ʻAʻole hōʻole ʻo Shrimps i ka leʻaleʻa o ka ʻai ʻana i nā koena o nā pūpū make a iʻa iʻa ʻōpio paha.
Ma waena o nā mea kanu, makemake lākou e ʻai i kēlā me nā lau momona a momona, e laʻa me ceratopteris. I ke kaʻina o ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, hoʻohana ka shrimp i nā lālā o ka hoʻopā a me ka pilau. Ke hoʻohuli nei i kāna antennae i nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa, nānā ia a puni ka wahi a hoʻāʻo nei e loaʻa nā mea pio.
I ka ʻimi ʻana i nā mea ulu, kekahi mau ʻano ʻōpae e noho kokoke ana i ka equator e ʻeli i ka lepo o ka waihona. Holo lākou a puni kona anapuni a hiki i ka holo ʻana i loko o ka meaʻai, a laila, ke hoʻokokoke aku nei iā ia i kahi mamao o kahi kenimika, hoʻouka ikaika iā ia. ʻAi nā kānaka makapō e noho ana ma lalo o ke Kai ʻEleʻele i ka silt, wili iā ia me nā mandibles - nā iwi ā i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia.
No ka ʻōpae i ulu i loko o ka aquarium, hana ʻia i hana nui ʻia nā hānai pūhui, waiwai ʻia me nā meaola a me nā iodine. ʻAʻole ia e koi ʻia e hānai iā lākou me nā mea kanu pala.
Ma ke ʻano he meaʻai, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā kāloti i hoʻolapalapa iki ʻia, kukama, zucchini, lau dandelion, clover, cherry, chestnuts, walnuts. ʻO kahi ʻahaʻaina maoli no kahi ʻōpae ke koena o kahi iʻa iʻa a i ʻole nā hoa.
Hoʻohua a me ke ola o ka ʻōpae
I ka wā ʻōpio, hoʻomaka ka ʻōpae wahine i ke kaʻina hana o ka hana ʻana i nā hua e like me ka nui ʻōmaʻomaʻo-melemele. Ke mākaukau ka wahine e male, hoʻokuʻu ʻo ia i nā pheromones i loko o ka wai - nā mea me kahi ʻala kikoʻī.
Keʻike nei i kēia pilau, hoʻonāukiuki ʻia nā kāne e ʻimi i kahi hoa a momona iā ia. Lawe kēia hana i hoʻokahi minuke. A laila he caviar kā ka ʻōpae. ʻO ka maʻamau no ka wahine makua he paʻa o 20-30 mau hua. ʻO ka ulu ʻana o embryonic o nā larvae mau mai 10 a 30 mau lā, ke kaukaʻi ʻia i ka mahana o ka mahana.
I ke kaʻina o ka embryogenesis, hele nā larvae ma o 9-12 mau pae. I kēia manawa, hoʻololi nā hoʻololi i kā lākou hanana: i ka hoʻomaka, hoʻokumu ʻia nā iwi ā, ma hope iki - ka cephalothorax. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā larva i pāpale ʻia e make ma muli o nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole a i ʻole ka "hana" o nā mea ʻino. Ma ke ʻano he kūlana, hōʻea ke oʻo i 5-10% o ka brood. Āhea ʻōpuʻu hoʻoulu hiki i ka 30% o nā keiki ke mālama ʻia i loko o ka aquarium.
Alakaʻi ka larva i kahi nohona noho a ʻaʻole hiki ke kiʻi i ka meaʻai ma ka hānai ʻana i ka meaʻai i loaʻa iā lākou. ʻO ke kahua hope loa o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia mau molluscs i kapa ʻia he decapodite. I kēia wā, alakaʻi ka larva i kahi nohona ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa mai kahi ʻōpala makua. Ma ka awelika, he pōʻaiapuni ko ka shrimp o 1.5 a 6 mau makahiki.
