Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho
ʻO ka mea mua e hopu i kou maka ka helehelena: pālahalaha ia, manaʻo wau he nui ka poʻe i ʻike lana i ka kiʻi, pili kēia ma muli o ka mea ʻo ia he kamaʻāina o ka lalo. ʻAʻohe o ka iʻa i ʻano ʻano exotic mai ka wā hānau, ua like kāna pāʻina me nā iʻa maʻamau, a ke ʻelemakule a hoʻomaka lākou e like me ka poʻe mākua.
Aia ko lākou mau maka ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino, a laila hoʻokahi maka - ʻākau a hema paha, hele mālie i kēlā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, a ʻo ka ʻaoʻao kahi e noho ai nā maka ʻelua e lilo i "luna" o ka iʻa, a ʻo ka ʻōpū ka ʻōpū, e māmā a mānoanoa hoʻi, no laila lana kai paheʻe mau ma ka lalo.
Hiki iā ia ke noho i kahi hohonu o 200 m, akā ʻo ka hohonu hōʻoluʻolu loa no 10-15 m. He ākea ka hulihonua o kēia iʻa, no ka mea, aia nā ʻano floosit like ʻole - nā mea e noho ana i ke kai o ka moana.
- ʻōhumu kai,
- turbot,
- flounder kai ʻeleʻele,
- ʻūlū;
- a me nā kamaʻāina muliwai - flounder wai hou.
Holo ka iʻa i ke kai a me ka muliwai i ka helehelena ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa loa, hiki iā lākou ke ʻokoʻa i ka nui, hiki i nā kaikunāne o ke kai i nā nui nui. Aia kekahi hihia i ʻike ʻia i ka wā i hopu ai nā luina i kahi flounder nunui e kaupaona ana he 100 kilokilo a ana ma kahi o ʻelua mau mika.
ʻOkoʻa nō hoʻi nā wahi noho, ʻike pinepine ʻia ke kai ma ke aniau subtropical, ka Moana ʻAkelanika, a loaʻa pū nō hoʻi ma ke Kai ʻĀkau, Keʻokeʻo, ʻEleʻele a me Keʻokeʻo. Noho pū ka muliwai i ke kai, akā hiki iā ia ke ʻauʻau mamao i loko o ka wai o nā kahawai, loaʻa ia i ke Kai Kaiwaenahonua, ma ke Kai ʻEleʻele a me nā kahawai e pili pū me lākou.
Loaʻa iā ia ma ke alahele o ka muliwai ʻo Yenisei. Aia kekahi ʻano ʻokoʻa - ka flounder Sea ʻeleʻele, i waiwai nui ʻia e nā lawaiʻa kālepa, he hiki ke like me ka mimicry, alakaʻi i kahi nohona one a me ka hopu holoholona.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna lana kai i ka lalo e hoʻolālā i kona ʻano o ke ola. ʻOiai ma o kona ʻano he iʻa kai ka flounder a he predator ia, akā ʻaʻole kēia e koi iā ia e eleu, makemake ʻo ia e alualu i ka hoʻohālua.
I ke kiʻi, uhi ʻia ka flounder ma ka moana kai
Moe lākou me ka neʻe ʻole, inā pono, burrow lākou i ke one a me ka lepo, ke ololi nei i nā neʻe ʻole ʻana e hana i kahi kaumaha a pehu i ka lepo a puni lākou, a laila moe i ka lua a uhi ka lepo paʻa i kona kino.
Akā ʻaʻole kēia wale nō ka mea i hiki i ka iʻa ke hana no nā camouflage - he kumu ko kona kino ma ka ʻaoʻao i ʻike maka ʻia, hiki ke loli ke hoʻololi i ke kaiapuni, kahi e ʻike ʻole ʻia ai. Kapa ʻia kēia mākaukau he mimicry i nā mea ola āpau, akā hiki i nā ʻano kauā āpau ke hoʻohana iā ia, ʻaʻole hiki i nā iʻa makapō ke hoʻololi i ko lākou kala.
I ka hopena o kahi hoʻoweliweli a weliweli paha, piʻi piʻi ka flounder mai lalo, huli i kona ʻaoʻao a lana aku mai kahi palekana me kahi neʻe ikaika, a laila moe i ka ʻaoʻao makapō a hūnā.
I ke kiʻi, flounder muliwai
Mea ʻai
Ma ka "pākaukau" o ka flounder aia nā "ipu" like ʻole, he lauwili kāna papaʻai: plankton, mollusks liʻiliʻi, ilo, a me nā crustacea a me nā crustacea. Hiki iā ia ke ʻai i ka ʻōpae a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi - no ka laʻana, capelin, inā ʻauʻau lākou ma kahi kokoke i kahi āna i peʻe ai, ʻoiai ʻaʻole makemake ʻo ia i ka flounder a me nā iʻa meʻa e haʻalele pinepine i kona wahi hoʻomaha, no laila ʻaʻole ʻo ia i lilo i ka ʻaina awakea a kekahi. Makemake ʻo ia e kanu iā ia iho i ka lepo one, kahi e hiki ai iā ia ke loaʻa ka meaʻai nāna, ua hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia kona mau ā no kēia.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa o nā laha a me ka nohona ākea, ʻōhū huali hana ʻia i loko o kahi manawa koʻikoʻi, hopu ʻia kokoke i nā kau āpau. Hiki ke hana hou i ka hana mai Mei a hiki i ka hoʻoilo, a ulu kekahi ʻano o flounder ma lalo o ka hau. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o ka flounders e kekahi manawa no ka hanau keiki ʻana.
I ke kiʻi, hoʻopailua ke kai
ʻO ke ala o ke ola e hoʻolilo i ka flounder i kahi mehameha, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai nāna iho, akā i ka hiki ʻana mai o ka manawa o ka hana hou ʻana, ʻākoakoa nā ʻano ʻokoʻa a hele hewa i loko o nā shoals. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i ke keʻa o kekahi ʻano laha.
Hiki i ka flounder ke ʻōpio i ka makahiki o 3-4 mau makahiki, hiki i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa ke waiho mai 100 a 13 miliona mau hua. ʻO kā lākou nui awelika ma kahi o hoʻokahi millimeter ke anawaena, akā maliʻa paha hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua.
ʻO ka manawa incubation no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hua manu e pili ana i nā kūlana honua a me nā kūlana o ke aniau: i kahi aniau tropical me nā mahana o ka wai kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke ulu i ka embryonic i kahi lā, ma ka latitu ʻākau, hiki i ka hoʻoulu ʻana ma kahi o 2 a me ka hapa mahina.
Ke holo manuahi nei nā hua i loko o ka hohonu o ka wai, aniani moakaka loa ia, akā ke komo lākou i lalo i lalo, hoʻomaka lākou e loli. Hoʻololi ka Metamorphosis i ko lākou helehelena - hoʻololi ʻia nā fins, anal a me dorsal i nā ʻaoʻao, nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino i nā loli like.
Hoʻomaka ka fry e hoʻomaka nei e nānā no ka meaʻai, i ka manawa mua e hānai lākou iā zooplankton, ke hele a momona a kā lākou papaʻai, ke loli hou nei ka helehelena - neʻe ka maka ma ka ʻaoʻao hema i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau, a lilo ka ʻaoʻao hema i lalo.
I kekahi manawa hiki i nā ʻaoʻao ke hana i kahi ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ke kumu i hiki ʻole ai i nā ichthyologists ke pane, akā ua ʻike ʻia kēlā ʻano ʻokoʻa mai ke ʻano maʻamau i ka muliwai flounder.
Hiki i ke ola o nā wahine ke piʻi i 30 mau makahiki i kahi liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai he 20-25 mau makahiki o nā kāne. Panina ʻ ho'ākāka flounder pono e hoʻomaopopo he aha kahi ala evolutionary nui o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i hala i kēia iʻa, ua aʻo ʻia e hūnā ʻole i ka lalo, e noho i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa a hana hou.
ʻAʻole ʻoe e ʻike iʻa flounder, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki ke huikau me kekahi. Inā ʻoe e nīnau aku i kekahi i ke ʻano o ka iʻa he flounder, a laila e loaʻa koke iā ʻoe kahi pane - pālahalaha, ʻo Vedic kāna hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano laha āpau i ʻohana he 6, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā kai, ka iʻa i hopu ʻia e kau ʻia ma ka Pākīpika a me ka Moana ʻAkelanika.
ʻO ka lawaiʻa papahele leʻaleʻa ka mea maʻamau i ke kai ʻEleʻele, Keʻokeʻo, Kai Mediterranean a me Baletika. I kēia mau lā, ua ulu ka noi no ka flounder i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ma ke kai ʻEleʻele, nā heluna o kēia iʻa, ma muli o ka lawaiʻa mau ʻana, kahi a ka Turkish i alakaʻi ai, hāʻule i ka palaho.
