Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho o ka manu tern
He ʻohana pili loa ʻo Terns o nā gull, akā i kekahi mau manawa ua liʻiliʻi lākou i ka nui ma mua o kēia mau manu. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka nui o nā manu mai 20 a 56 cm.
Lahilahi ke kino o nā manu a lōihi, pelu iki ke kua; ua lawa nā ʻeheu; ʻoki ʻia ka huelo me kahi ʻoki hohonu. E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia ma kiʻi o tern, ke ʻano o nā manu e kahi pololei, lōʻihi, nuku ʻoi a me nā wāwae liʻiliʻi, i loaʻa nā membrane ʻauʻau. Mālamalama ke kala, ma ke poʻo he pāpale o nā hulu ʻeleʻele; keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū; hoʻolōʻihi ka hulu mai ka lae a i nā puka ihu.
Ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, mai ka Arctic a hiki i Antarctica, he 36 mau ʻano terns ākea e hoʻolaha ʻia, a he 12 o lākou e noho nei i nā ʻāina mehana, ma nā latitude tropical wale nō. Tern ʻeleʻele, maʻamau ma Central a me ʻEulopa Hema, he nui ma kahi o 25 cm. Loaʻa ka inoa o ka manu no ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻeleʻele o ka nuku, a me ke kala like o ke poʻo, ka umauma a me ka ʻōpū i ka wā o ka moʻo ʻana. Hinahina ka ʻaoʻao luna o ka plumage.
I ke kiʻi, ʻeleʻele manu ka manu tern
Loaʻa kahi kala hoihoi tern ʻēheu keʻokeʻo... Maʻalahi ke kuhi mai ka inoa he mau ʻeheu keʻokeʻo kā ka manu. Akā, ʻo ka hope o ka ʻēheu wale nō e pena ʻia i loko o ia mau leo, kahi kaula kukui wale nō ma luna, a me kahi pouli ma lalo. Eia nō naʻe, i ka hoʻoilo, keʻokeʻo ka lae a me ka ʻōpū o ka manu.
Tern ʻēheu keʻokeʻo i ke kiʻi
ʻO Arctic terns, i kapa ʻia hoʻi he polar, he ʻaneʻane keʻokeʻo loa i ke kala, koe wale nō ka pāpale ʻeleʻele ma ke poʻo, a me nā hulu hina māmā ma ka umauma a me nā ʻeheu, i like ko waho i ka ʻahuʻula. ʻO kēia ʻano, ʻokoʻa kona mau hoahānau, noho i nā wahi me nā aniau ʻoi loa, a he mea maʻamau ia ma Chukotka, Greenland, Scandinavia, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Kanada a me Alaska.
I ke kiʻi arctic tern
Noho mau nā tern ma nā kapakai a me ka pāpaʻu o nā kino wai hou a me nā kai, e noho ana i ka moana a me nā one a me nā mokupuni. Ma waena o nā ʻano o kēia mau manu, ka mea kaulana a laha hoʻi muliwai tern... ʻOi aku ka nui o kēia mau manu ma mua o ko lākou mau hoahānau; he nuku ka nui o ke poʻo; lehu ka hulu i luna, māmā ma lalo iki.
Hoʻololi ka hulu o ka lae i ke kala: i ke kauwela ʻeleʻele lākou i luna, i ka hoʻoilo e keʻokeʻo lākou; aia nā kiko ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo ma ke kua o ke poʻo; nuku ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele i ka hopena; ʻulaʻula nā wāwae. ʻAʻole hiki ke loaʻa nā mea eheu e like me ke kahakai o nā kino wai a me nā kahawai, akā ma kahakai. Hoʻolahalaha nā manu mai ka Arctic Circle a hiki i ke Kaiwaenahonua.
I ke kiʻi, nā kahawai terns
Noho lākou ma nā mokupuni he nui o ka ʻAkelanika, ma ka palena o ka ʻāina ʻAmelika a hiki i Texas a me Florida, i ka hoʻoilo neʻe lākou i ka hema. ma Asia ua ʻike ʻia lākou a hiki i Kashmir. No nā ʻohana tern nā ʻohana āpau.
Ke ʻano a me ka nohona o ka manu tern
ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano o ia mau manu: nā terns liʻiliʻi, ua hoʻoweliweli ʻia. ʻO nā kumu o kēia kūlana pōʻino ʻo ka nele o nā wahi kūpono no ka pūnana a me ka kahe pinepine ʻana o nā wahi pūnana me nā kahawai.
Ua loaʻa pono i kekahi ʻano o kēia mau manu ke poʻo inoa o nā poʻokela huakaʻi hele lōʻihi. ʻO kahi laʻana hoʻohālikelike o kēia Lele Arctic tern, i kēlā me kēia makahiki e uhi ana i kahi mamao o iwakālua tausani mau kilomita.
I loko o ke kiʻi he tern liʻiliʻi
Lele nui nā ʻano āpau o kēia mau manu. Akā Hana nā ternct Arctic i nā mokulele lōʻihi loa... Hana nui nā manu i kahi huakaʻi kupaianaha mai kekahi hopena o ka honua a i kēlā makahiki i kēia makahiki, ke hoʻoilo ma Antarctica a hoʻi i ka ʻākau i ka Arctic i ka puna.
Hoʻolilo ʻo Terns i ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola i ka lele. Akā me nā wāwae pūnaewele, ʻaʻole lākou he ʻauʻau maikaʻi maikaʻi. ʻO ia ke kumu i nā huakaʻi lōʻihi i ka wā hoʻomaha Arctic tern pae ʻole i ka wai, akā hoʻāʻo e ʻimi i kahi mea lana kūpono.
I kekahi o nā wā i hala aku nei, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā hulu o kēia manu e like me nā mea hoʻonaninani no nā pāpale wahine, ʻo ia ke kumu i make hala ʻole ai nā manu maikaʻi ʻole i nā lima o ka poʻe ʻimi ʻimi makepono. Akā i kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe pili ke ʻano no ka hulu, a ua hoʻāla hou ka lehulehu poln tern a aia i kahi kūlana paʻa.
ʻO Inca tern i kiʻi ʻia
I ka lewa, manaʻo nā terns e like me nā aces lele maoli, me ka ikaika nui, e lele ana i ko lākou mau ʻeheu, neʻe maʻalahi lākou, wikiwiki a me ka maneuverability kiʻekiʻe. Hiki i nā Terns, ke paʻi ʻana i ko lākou mau ʻeheu, hiki ke hoʻolewa i hoʻokahi wahi no kekahi manawa, akā ʻaʻole ʻike kēia mau haku o ke kaʻa ea i nā lele lele.
ʻEleu loa kēia, manu ʻole a leo nui nā leo, e kani ana nā leo: "kik-kick" a i ʻole "kiik". He koa lākou, a i ka hanana o ka hoʻoweliweli, holo wiwo ʻole lākou i ke kaua e hoʻouka i ka ʻenemi, a hoʻokau i ka ʻenemi me ko lākou nuku. ʻIke ʻia nā hihia i ka wā e mālama ʻole ai ka poʻe hoʻokano a haʻaheo hoʻi i nā ʻeha koʻikoʻi mai kēia mau manu.
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o ka tern
ʻO ka hiki i nā manu ke kū no lākou iho he kumu no nā manu ʻē aʻe e noho kokoke i ko lākou kolone i mea e palekana ai lākou. A hiki i ka leo uē nui a uē o ka terns ke hoʻoweliweli aku i nā ʻenemi hōʻemi loa.
Hānai hānai
Noho i ka ʻae o nā kino wai, terns hānai i ka iʻa, crustacea, molluscs a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe o ke kai kūloko, kahi o ka hapa nui o kā lākou papaʻai. Loaʻa lākou i kā lākou "berena", e piʻi ana ma luna o ka wai i kahi kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o 10-12 m, e nānā ana no kā lākou mea pio mai luna.
A i ka ʻike ʻana i kahi pahuhopu kūpono, holo wikiwiki lākou mai luna a lalo, luʻu mai kahi kiʻekiʻe liʻiliʻi. Ke komo nei i loko o ka wai i kahi hohonu pāpaʻu, tern lālau i kāna mea pio a ʻai koke. ʻOiai ʻauʻau ʻinoʻino nā manu, eia nō naʻe, luʻu maikaʻi lākou, akā pāpaʻu.
I ka wā o ka pūnana ʻana, ʻaʻole nani nā manu i ka meaʻai, a hiki nō ke ʻoluʻolu me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻai, nā mea kolo i loko o ka wai, a me kā lākou larva, i hopu ʻia i ka wā lele. I loko o kēia wā, i kā lākou papaʻai hiki ke hōʻike ʻia, ʻaʻole ʻano iki o kēia mau manu, kanu mea ʻai, no ka laʻana, nā ʻano hua like ʻole.
Hoʻohua a me ke ola o nā terns
Hoʻokomo kēia mau mea ʻēheu i nā kolone, kahi pinepine a nunui a walaʻau. Eia nō naʻe, he teritori kā kēlā me kēia wahine male male, kahi a lākou e ʻeleu ai a pale aku ai i waho o ka poʻe komo waho, nā ʻohana a me nā malihini i kono ʻole ʻia, e hoʻōho nei i ka uē ʻana inā pilikia a hoʻouka kaua i ka ʻenemi, e luʻu ana mai luna.
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā pūnana kukū ma mua. Hana ʻia e nā manu me ka ʻole o ka pūnana, e noho wale ana ma kahi kūpono: i nā kumulāʻau, i nā nāhelehele, a ma ka honua hoʻi, kahi e maʻalahi ai lākou e hoʻomoe i nā hua, a ma laila he mau maʻa mau ʻekolu. Marsh terns hoʻonohonoho i nā pūnana ma luna pono o ka wai, kūkulu iā lākou mai nā mea kanu.
I ke kiʻi, he moa tern i ka pūnana
Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia nā Chicks e nā mākua ʻelua. A hānau ʻia nā keiki, mai ka wā hānau mai kahi kala kamepiula, hiki ke ola ma hope o nā lā ʻelua ua hōʻike maikaʻi lākou i ko lākou mau mākua i ka wikiwiki o ka neʻe ʻana, e hoʻomaka ana e holo, a ma hope o ʻekolu mau pule lele lele lākou.
E make pinepine nā ʻikena o kekahi ʻano tern ma mua o ko lākou oʻo ʻana. I nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, hiki ʻole ke make i ka make, a kūpaʻa ka heluna kanaka, ʻoiai e hiki i nā wahine ke hoʻomoe ma mua o hoʻokahi hua manu. Manu tern ola i kahi ola lōʻihi. Pinepine ka makahiki o kēia mau manu a i 25 a ʻoi paha mau makahiki.
