"He manu kupaianaha kēia," - ʻo kēia ka mea a ka huakaʻi Lūkini ʻo Grigory Karelin, nāna i aʻo i ke ʻano o Kazakhstan i ka kenekulia 19, i kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka nuku ʻulaʻula (flamingo). "ʻIke like ʻo ia ma waena o nā manu me ke kāmelo ma waena o nā mea wāwae ʻehā," ua wehewehe ʻo Karelin i kona manaʻo.
Hōʻike o flamingos
ʻOiaʻiʻo, he kupaianaha ke ʻano o ka manu - he kino nui, kiʻekiʻe loa nā wāwae a me ka ʻāʻī, kahi nuku meli a me nā plumage ʻāpana kupaianaha. ʻO ka ʻohana Phoenicopteridae (flamingos) kahi ʻehā mau ʻano, i hui ʻia i 3 mau moʻokūʻauhau: manaʻo kekahi mau ornithologists aia nō ʻelima mau ʻano. Ua pau nā ʻohana ʻelua i ka wā kahiko.
ʻO nā koena kahiko o nā mōʻalihaku flamingo i loaʻa ma UK. ʻO nā lālā liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻohana he mau flamingo liʻiliʻi (kaupaona ʻia 2 kg a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 1 m), aʻo ka mea i makemake nui ʻia ʻo Phoenicopterus ruber (flamingos maʻamau), e ulu nei a 1.5 m a kaupaona ʻia 4-5 kg.
Helehelena
Hāpai kūpono ʻo Flamingo i ke poʻo inoa o ka wāwae lōʻihi wale nō, akā ʻo ka manu ʻāʻī ʻoi loa... He poʻo liʻiliʻi ko ka flamingo, akā he nuku nui, nui a kōwili, (ʻaʻole like me ka nui o nā manu) neʻe ʻaʻole ka nuku o lalo, akā ʻo ka nuku o luna. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā kihi o ka nuku nui me nā pā kauā a me nā niho, me ke kōkua o nā manu e kānana i ka slurry e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO kona ʻāʻī (e pili ana i ka nui o ke kino) ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi a lahilahi ma mua o ka swan, no ka mea ua luhi ka flamingo i ka mālama pono ʻana a hoʻolei pinepine iā ia ma kona kua e hoʻomaha i nā mākala.
Aia kekahi mau pā kauana ma luna o ka lehelehe mānoanoa kikokiko. I nā flamingo, hulu ka hapa kiʻekiʻe o ka tibia, a ʻo ka tarsus he ʻekolu mau manawa ka lōʻihi o ka hope. ʻIke ʻia kahi membrane ʻauʻau hoʻomohala maikaʻi ma waena o nā manamana wāwae o mua, a ʻo ka manamana wāwae hope he liʻiliʻi loa ia a i ʻole he ʻole. Hoʻokuʻu a palupalu ka plumage. Aia nā wahi hulu ʻole ma ke poʻo - nā apo a puni nā maka, ka auwae a me ke kaulawaha. Nā ʻēheu o ka lōʻihi kaulike, ākea, me nā kihi ʻeleʻele (ʻaʻole mau).
ʻO ka huelo pōkole he 12-16 mau hulu huelo, a ʻo ka lua waena ka lōʻihi loa. ʻAʻole kala ʻia nā flamingo āpau i nā aka o ka ʻulaʻula (mai ka ʻulaʻula a i ka poni), i kekahi manawa keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a hina paha.
He kuleana no ke kala ʻana i nā lipochromes, nā kala kala i komo i ke kino me ka meaʻai. 1.5 m ka ʻūheu. I loko o kahi molt e mau ana i ka mahina, nalowale ka flamingo i kona mau ʻeheu a lilo i mea maʻalahi loa, e nalowale ana kona hiki ke hemo i ka makaʻu.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
ʻO nā flamingo he mau manu phlegmatic, e holoholo ana mai ke kakahiaka a i ka pō i loko o ka wai pāpaʻu e ʻimi ai i ka meaʻai a hoʻomaha i kekahi manawa. Kūkākūkā lākou me kekahi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā leo e like me ka cackle o nā geese, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka bass a me ka ʻoi. I ka pō, lohe ʻia ka leo o ka lapalapa me he mele kani lā.
Ke hoʻoweliweli ʻia e kahi mea ʻino a kanaka paha i loko o ka moku, neʻe mua ka ʻohana i ka ʻaoʻao, a laila piʻi i ka lewa. ʻOiaʻiʻo, hāʻawi ʻia ka wikiwiki me ka paʻakikī - holo ka manu i ʻelima mau mika i ka wai pāpaʻu, e lele ana i kona mau ʻeheu, a ua piʻi aʻe, e hana i kekahi mau "ʻanuʻu" hou aʻe ma luna o ka wai.
Hoihoi ia! Inā ʻoe e nānā i ka ʻohana ma lalo, me he mea lā ke lele nei nā keʻa ma luna o ka lani - i ka lewa e hohola ka flamingo i kona ʻāʻī i mua a pololei i kona mau wāwae lōʻihi.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā flamingo lele i kahi lei uila, nona nā loulou e ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula, a laila e hele i waho, e hōʻike ana i ka mea nānā i nā kala ʻeleʻele o ka plumage. ʻO Flamingos, ʻoiai ko lākou nani exotic, hiki ke noho i nā wahi e hoʻokaumaha i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, e like me ke kai paʻakai / alkaline.
ʻAʻohe iʻa ma aneʻi, akā nui nā crustacea liʻiliʻi (Artemia) - ka meaʻai nui o flamingos. ʻO kaʻili lahilahi ma nā wāwae a kipa aku i ka wai hou, kahi e holoi ai ʻo flamingos i ka paʻakai a kinai i ko lākou make wai, e hoʻopakele i nā manu mai ke kaena kolohe. Eia hou, ʻaʻole ʻo ia me
E hoihoi pū kekahi:
- Manuā Kepani
- ʻO Kitoglav
- ʻO Ibises
- Manu kākau ʻōlelo
Ehia mau flamingo e noho nei
Kuhi nā mea nānā manu ma ka nāhelehele, ola nā manu a 30-40 mau makahiki... I ka pio ʻana, aneane pālua ʻia ke ola. ʻLelo lākou i kekahi o nā mālama kahi home i ka lapalapa ahi e hoʻolauleʻa ai i kāna 70 makahiki.
Kū i ka wāwae hoʻokahi
ʻAʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia kēia ʻike e nā flamingo - he nui nā manu wāwae lōʻihi (e komo pū ana me nā kikū) e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke kū hoʻokahi wāwae e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka lilo o ka wela i ka wā makani.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka haʻalulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka manu ka hewa no kona mau wāwae lōʻihi lōʻihi, aneane nele loa i ka mālama ʻana i nā plumage. ʻO ia ke kumu e koi ʻia ai ka flamingo e huki a hoʻomehana i kekahi a i ʻole ka wāwae ʻē aʻe.
Mai ka ʻaoʻao i waho, ʻano ʻoluʻolu ʻole ke kuhi, akā ʻaʻole manaʻo ka flamingo iā ia i kekahi ʻano ʻino. Hoʻonui ʻia ka lālā kākoʻo me ka noi ʻole o ka ikaika muscular, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia e kūlou ma muli o kahi mea hana anatomical kūikawā.
Hana ka hana like ke noho ka flamingo ma luna o ka lālā: kīkoʻo nā kaula i nā wāwae i lena a hoʻoikaika i nā manamana lima e hoʻopaʻa paʻa i ka lālā. Inā hiamoe ka manu, ʻaʻole hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka "paʻa", pale iā ia mai ka hāʻule ʻana mai ka lāʻau.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Loaʻa nā Flamingos ma nā wahi tropical a subtropical:
- ʻApelika
- ʻĀkia;
- ʻAmelika (Waena a me Hema);
- ʻEulopa Hema.
No laila, ʻike ʻia nā kolone nui o nā flamingo maʻamau ma ka hema o Palani, Sepania a me Sardinia. ʻOiai ʻo ka nui o nā kolone manu he mau haneli mau kaukani o nā flamingo, ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi o nā laha ke kaena i kahi pae mau. Kū kaʻawale ka pūnana ʻana, ma nā wahi he kaukani mile ke kaawale i kekahi manawa.
Noho mau ʻo Flamingos ma ke kahakai o nā kino wai paʻakai pāpaʻu a i ʻole ke kai pāpaʻu, e hoʻāʻo nei e noho i nā ʻāina ākea. ʻO nā ʻano ʻelua ma nā loko mauna kiʻekiʻe (Andes) a ma nā pāpū (Kazakhstan). Noho maʻamau nā manu (ʻoi aku ka ʻauana pinepine). ʻO nā lehulehu wale nō o nā flamingo maʻamau e noho nei i nā ʻāina ʻākau e neʻe.
Meaʻai Flamingo
Hoʻopau ʻia ke ʻano maluhia ʻo Flamingos ke hakakā nā manu no ka meaʻai. I kēia manawa, hoʻopau nā pilina hoa noho maikaʻi, huli i kahi kālai o nā ʻāina nui.
Hana ʻia ka papaʻai o flamingos i nā meaola a me nā mea kanu e like me:
- nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi;
- pūpū;
- larva ʻelima;
- ilo o ka wai;
- limu, me diatoms.
Hōʻike ʻia ka loiloi meaʻai maʻalahi i ke ʻano o ka nuku: ua hoʻolako ʻia kona ʻaoʻao luna me kahi lana e kākoʻo ana i ke poʻo i ka wai.
Hoʻololi wikiwiki nā papaʻai a nānā e like me kēia:
- Ke ʻimi nei i ka plankton, huli ka manu i kona poʻo i lalo ka nuku.
- Wehe ka flamingo i kona nuku, ʻokiʻoki i ka wai, a pani iā ia.
- Hoʻokomo ʻia ka wai e ke alelo ma o ka kānana a ale ʻia ka hānai.
Hoʻopili hou ʻia ka wae gastronomic o flamingos no kēlā me kēia ʻano. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻai nā lapalapa a James i nā nalo, nā hīnaʻi a me nā diatom. ʻAi wale nā flamingo liʻiliʻi i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā diatoms, ke hoʻololi nei i nā rotifers a me nā ʻōpala brine ke hoʻomaloʻo wale nā kino wai.
Hoihoi ia! Ma ke ala, pili ke kala ʻulaʻula o ka plumage i ke kū ʻana o nā crustacea ʻulaʻula i loaʻa nā carotenoids i ka meaʻai. ʻO ka nui o nā crustacea, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kala.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
ʻOiai ka hopena o ka momona (5-6 mau makahiki), hiki i nā wahine ke hoʻomoe i nā hua manu ma mua o 2 mau makahiki... I ka pūnana ʻana, ulu nā kolonā flamingo i ka hapalua miliona manu, a ʻo nā pūnana lākou ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 0.5-0.8 m kaawale kekahi i kekahi.
ʻAʻole kūkulu mau ʻia nā pūnana (mai ka silt, pōhaku pūpū a me ka lepo) i ka wai pāpaʻu, i kekahi manawa kūkulu nā flamingo iā lākou (mai ka hulu, ka mauʻu a me nā ʻiliʻili) ma nā mokupuni pōhaku a kau pono paha i kā lākou mau hua i ke one me ka hana ʻole ʻia o ke kaumaha. I loko o kahi paʻa aia he 1-3 mau hua (maʻa mau ʻelua), hoʻoulu ʻia nā mākua ʻelua no 30-32 mau lā.
Hoihoi ia! Noho ʻo Flamingos ma ka pūnana me ko lākou mau wāwae i hoʻopili ʻia i loko. E ala aʻe, pono ka manu e hili i kona poʻo, hoʻomaha i kona nuku i ka honua a laila hoʻoponopono wale i kona mau lālā.
Hānau ʻia nā chicks me nā nuku pololei, e hoʻomaka ana e piʻo ma hope o 2 mau pule, a ma hope o ʻelua mau pule e loli ka fluff mua i kahi hou. "Ua inu mua ʻoe i ko mākou koko," - ke kuleana e kamaʻilio i kēia huaʻōlelo i nā keiki, malia paha, ʻo ia nō ʻo flamingos e hānai nei iā lākou me ka waiū, ma kahi o 23% ke koko makua.
ʻO ka waiū, hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka waiwai kūpono i ka waiū o ka bipi, ʻulaʻula a hana ʻia e nā gland kūikawā i loko o ka esophagus o kahi manu makua. Hānai ka makuahine i ka pua me ka waiū manu ma kahi o ʻelua mau mahina, a ikaika ka nuku o nā keiki I ka ulu ʻana o ka nuku a hoʻokumu, hoʻomaka ka flamingo ʻōpio e forage nona iho.
Ma ko lākou 2.5 mau mahina, lawe nā ʻāpana ahi i kahi ʻeheu, e ulu ana i ka nui o nā manu makua, a lele lele aku mai ko lākou home makua. He manu monogamous ʻo Flamingos, ke hoʻololi wale nei i nā pālua ke make kā lāua hoa.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
Ma waho aʻe o nā mea ʻai holoholona, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā carnivores ma ke ʻano he ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā flamingo, me:
- ʻīlio hae;
- ʻalopeke;
- nā ʻīlio hae;
- falcon;
- ʻaeto.
Noho mau ka poʻe hānai hulu ma kahi kokoke i nā kolone ʻo flamingo. ʻO kekahi manawa ʻimi nā holoholona ʻē iā lākou. Holo i kahi hoʻoweliweli kūwaho, hemo ka flamingo, disorienting ka ʻenemi, ka mea e huikau nā hulu lele ʻeleʻele e pale iā ia mai ka nānā ʻana i ka pahuhopu.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
ʻAʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia ke ola o nā flamingo me ke ao ʻole - ke emi nei ka heluna kanaka no ka mea ʻaihue, akā no ka poʻe..
Pana ʻia nā manu no ka pono o kā lākou hulu nani, luku ʻia nā pūnana e ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hua momona, a kipaku ʻia hoʻi mai kā lākou mau wahi maʻamau, ke kūkulu ʻana i nā maina, nā ʻoihana hou a me nā ala nui.
ʻO nā kumu Anthropogenic, ke kumu o ka haumia o ke kaiapuni i hiki ʻole ke pale ʻia.
Mea nui! ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu, ua manaʻoʻiʻo nā kiaʻi manu ua nalowale mau lākou i ka lapalapa o James no ka manawa mau loa, akā laki nō naʻe, ua hōʻike ʻia nā manu ma 1957 I kēia lā, ʻo ka heluna kanaka o kēia a me kekahi ʻano, ka Andean flamingo, ma kahi o 50 tausani mau kānaka.
Manaʻo ʻia ua aneane make nā ʻano ʻelua. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka dynamics maikaʻi o ka hana hou ʻana i ka flamingo Chile, a ʻo ka nui o nā manu i kokoke i 200 tausani manu. ʻO ka hopohopo liʻiliʻi ka flamingo liʻiliʻi, me nā heluna kanaka mai 4 a 6 miliona mau kānaka.
Ke hopohopo nei nā ʻoihana mālama e pili ana i nā lāhui kaulana loa, ka flamingo maʻamau, nona nā heluna a puni ka honua mai 14 a 35,000 mau pālua. Kūpono ke kūlana mālama o ka flamingo a pink i loko o kekahi mau acronyms liʻiliʻi - ua komo nā manu i CITES 1, BERNA 2, SPEC 3, CEE 1, BONN 2 a me AEWA ke aneane pau.
