Aia ka manu nui loa ma ka ʻohana falcon. ʻO kona ʻēheu ma kahi o 135 cm. Wahi a kāna hiʻohiʻona o waho, he ʻano like ia me ka falcon peregrine, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o kona huelo.
Kāhea ʻia kēia gyrfalcon manu. Mai ka kenekulia 12 i loaʻa kēia huaʻōlelo i ka "Lay of Igor's Host". I kēia manawa, hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā ʻāpana ʻEulopa o Lūkia. Maliʻa paha, like ia me ka huaʻōlelo Hungarian "kerecheto", "kerechen" a hoʻomanaʻo ʻia mai ka wā o ka noho ʻana o nā Pramagyars ma nā ʻāina o ka ʻāina Ugra.
ʻO nā lunamakaʻāinana nui loa o kēia papa he kaumaha e like me ka nui. ʻO ka wahine, a ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ke kāne, kaupaona ma kahi o 1.5 kg, a ʻo ke kāne 1 kg. Ke nānā nei kiʻi o kahi manu gyrfalcon, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻopau he plumage maikaʻi kā lākou, kahi hiki ʻole ke nānā ʻole. Ke hoʻoholo nei ka wehewehe o ka manu o ka gyrfalcon, ʻano nui ʻia kona kala e nā kani uila, me nā manawa pouli.
ʻO kahi laʻana, aia kekahi gyrfalcon brownish-hina hina me nā hulu keʻokeʻo me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻeleʻele ma kona ʻōpū. ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka nuku o ka manu e ʻaneʻane pili pū me kahi ʻāpana pouli ʻeleʻele. Kūpono ʻo Gyrfalcons i ka polymorphism; ʻike ʻia nā manu āpau i nā ʻokoʻa ma ke kala o ka plumage.
Aia kekahi mau kānaka ʻeleʻele o ka wahine nāwaliwali. He niho ko lākou i ka mandible, ʻano o nā falcon āpau. Melemele nā wāwae o ka gyrfalcon. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka manu he 55-60 cm. Nui kā lākou kumukānāwai, me nā ʻēheu lōʻihi a me kahi huelo. ʻO kā lākou leo i kahi ʻano lūlū.
I ke kiʻi he gyrfalcon ʻeleʻele
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho o ka gyrfalcon
Makemake kēia manu i nā ʻāina anu. ʻAʻohe mea kupanaha e kāhea ʻia lākou manu gyrfalcon o ka tundra. ʻO nā wahi pana o Arctic a me subarctic o ʻAmelika Hema, ʻo ʻAsia a me ʻEulopa nā wahi punahele loa no nā gyrfalcons. Altai, Tien Shan, Greenland a me ka Commander Islands waiwai i nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe o kēia mau manu nani.
Hibernate manu ʻelemakule gyrfalcon makemake i nā wahi hema. Akā he mau manu kūmau kekahi i waena o lākou. Noho lākou ma Greenland, Lapland a me Taimyr. Ma laila lākou e noho ai i ka ululāʻau, a me ke kāʻei ulu lāʻau. Hoʻohui ʻia, aia nā neʻe kū i luna.
ʻO kahi laʻana, iho aku ka Central Asian gyrfalcon i ke awāwa alpine. Hoʻolahalaha nui kēia mau manu ma ka Hikina hikina o ka Lūkia Hui Pū ʻIa. Koho lākou i ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka ʻāina ʻo Magadan a me nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Kamchatka no ka pūnana, a i ka wā puna, hoʻi lākou i hope. No kēia mea, ua kapa aku ka poʻe i ka gyrfalcon ka ʻona kuʻi.
ʻO ka ʻēheu o kahi gyrfalcon ma kahi o 135 cm.
Ke ʻano a me ka nohona o ka manu o ka gyrfalcon
ʻAno palaualelo kēia mau manu nui. ʻAʻole lākou e hoʻopilikia i ko lākou home a ʻaʻole pilikia pinepine me nā manaʻo o ke kūkulu ʻana i ka ego. ʻO ka pinepine o nā pūnana o nā manu koraka, nā aeto gula a me nā aeto lilo i awa no lākou no lākou. ʻOi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi pūnana o kēia mau manu, no laila hauʻoli nā kānaka āpau a kū ʻole nā hanana hakakā.
ʻO kahi mea nui i ke koho ʻana i kahi noho no gyrfalcons ʻo ia kona pilikino a me ka ʻole o kekahi kaiāulu. Ma hope o ka hala ʻana o ka mile nui hoʻokahi makahiki, hoʻomaka ka manu i kā lākou hana i ka ʻimi ʻana i kā lākou kāne, a laila pū me ia e hana nei lākou i ka pilikia o ka hānau hou.
I ke kiʻi, kahi pūnana gyrfalcon me nā moa
ʻO nā pali pōhaku a i ʻole nā kaha pāpaʻu nā pūnaewele kūpono kūpono loa no nā gyrfalcons. ʻAʻole ʻoluʻolu a leʻaleʻa ko lākou home. He akahai ke nānā aku, me ka limu ma lalo, ka hulu a i ʻole ka mauʻu maloʻo.
Ma muli o ka nui o ka manu ponoʻī a nui kona mau pūnana. ʻO ke anawaena o ka pūnana Gyrfalcon ma kahi o 1 m, a ʻo kona kiʻekiʻe he 0.5 m. Ua loaʻa nā hihia i ka manawa i noho ai kekahi mau hanauna o kēia mau manu i nā pūnana. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i ka gyrfalcon.
Mai ka wā kahiko, ua waiwai nui nā gyrfalcons ma ke ʻano he kōkua kōkua dexterous i ka ʻimi holoholona. ʻAʻole ia he hana lima, akā ʻoi aku ka like me kahi kuʻuna maʻamau, e like me nā pōpō a me nā pāʻina. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi gyrfalcon i manaʻo ʻia he mea noʻeau a kupanaha hoʻi no nā mea he nui.
Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Gyrfalcon ma ke ʻano he mea kōkua holoholona
Me kāna kōkua, ua hoʻāʻo ka mea nāna e kū i waho o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. Hāʻawi mau ʻia ka makemake nui i ka gyrfalcon keʻokeʻo. I mea e ʻike ai i kahi ʻōlelo maʻamau i ka wā o ke kūkākūkā ʻana a hiki i ka ʻaelike like ʻana, lawe ʻia kahi gyrfalcon i makana.
A i ka wā o ka noho aliʻi ʻana o nā tsars ma Rūsia aia nō kahi pou like - falconer. Ua kapa ʻia nā wahi i mālama ʻia ai kēia mau manu ʻo krechatny. I kēia lā ke hoʻōla hou ʻia nei kēia ʻano ʻimi holoholona, akā ke nānā nei i kahi ʻano haʻuki hou aʻe. 'Lelo nā mea he mahalo i kēlā hulina, hoʻi ka ʻuhane heroic, ala ke kumu maoli o ka Lūkini.
ʻO ke kiʻi a me ka wehewehe o ka gyrfalcon o ka manu hōʻike i kona ikaika a me kona mana. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe māmā. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻo ia ke ʻano o nā ʻano maikaʻi he nui e pono ai i kēlā me kēia mea e ola nei.
Mea ʻai
ʻO kā Gyrfalcon papaʻai me nā manu ʻē aʻe a me nā māmala. ʻO kā lākou ʻano hopu holoholona e like me kēlā me nā falcon āpau. ʻIke lākou i kā lākou mea pio mai kahi kiʻekiʻe, hāʻule koke i lalo a pili iā ia me kā lākou mau māiʻuʻu ikaika. Pepehi koke lākou i kā lākou mea pio, no ka mea nahu lākou i ke poʻo me ko lākou nuku a haki ka ʻāʻī. Hopu lākou i nā manu i ka lewa. Inā ma ka lewa ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hana pū me lākou, hāʻule lākou i ka honua a lawe i ka hana i hoʻomaka i ka hopena.
ʻO ka hapanui o nā mea āpau, aloha nā gyrfalcons i nā partridges, nā waders, nā gull a me nā mea ʻili hulu liʻiliʻi ʻO nā voles, nā hares, nā squirrels lepo e hoʻopau koke ʻia e nā gyrfalcons ke ʻikea lākou i ko lākou mau maka. Aia kekahi mau manawa ke hoʻowahāwahā ʻole kēia mau manu i ke kino make. Kākaʻikahi kēia, akā hiki nō.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o kahi manu o gyrfalcon
ʻIke ʻo Gyrfalcons iā lāua iho i hoʻokahi manawa a no ke ola. ʻAʻole hoʻoluhi nā wahine i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi pūnana kapikala. No kēia mea, koho ʻia kahi papa pōhaku ʻōlohelohe, a ma luna ona e hoʻomoe ʻia ai kahi pūnana mai ka mauʻu, limu a me nā hulu.
I kekahi manawa, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia aʻe, hoʻohana nā gyrfalcones i nā pūnana o haʻi no ka hale. Hiki iā lākou ke noho i ka pūnana like no ʻelua mau makahiki. I loko o kēia wā, loaʻa iā ia kahi hiʻohiʻona paʻa hou a hoʻonui iki i ka nui. I ka makahiki ʻelua o ke ola, hiki i ka gyrfalcon ke hānau keiki.
I ka wā o ka moena, mālama lākou i 1 a 5 mau hua. ʻAʻole lākou i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o kahi pahu hoʻokūkū a kaupaona ma kahi o 60 gram. Hoʻokomo wale ka wahine i nā hua. Mālama ke kāne i kēia manawa iā ia āpau. Ma hope o ʻelua mau mahina, haʻalele nā moa i ka pūnana makua, a ma hope o ʻehā ua kūʻokoʻa loa lākou.
I ke kiʻi, nā moa Gyrfalcon i ka pūnana
Noho ʻo Gyrfalcon ma ke ʻano no 20 mau makahiki. Kūʻai manu Gyrfalcon ʻaʻole maʻalahi. I kēia manawa, he rarity nui a me ka waiwai waiwai nui loa. ʻO ke kūʻai aku ʻana a me ke kūʻai ʻana he mea hewa i ka mokuʻāina a hoʻopaʻi ʻia ma lalo o nā ʻatikala a pau o ke kānāwai. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o kahi manu merlin hoʻomaka mai ka 500 tausani kālā.
