Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho o ka shrew
ʻĀlia - he holoholona liʻiliʻi kēia (mai kahi mau kenimika, ma nā hanana kakaikahi - a hiki i 1 decimeter), no ka ʻohana o nā shrews, ke kaupaona ʻia he ʻumikūmālika wale nō gram.
E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia ma he kiʻi, ʻōʻā kohu waho i ka ʻiole kahua, ʻokoʻa iā ia wale nō i kahi muo elongated, like me ka proboscis, a me kahi huelo, i kekahi manawa ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kino ponoʻī, me nā lauoho pokole.
Hoʻohui ʻia, he maka liʻiliʻi ko ka holoholona, he niho keʻokeʻo, he wāwae hope nui, he lauoho veleveta a me kahi ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, i kekahi mau manawa ʻaneʻane ʻeleʻele, kala. ʻEʻeleʻele ka luna a ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka lalo. Kūleʻa nui nā holoholona ma ka ʻĀkau o ʻEulopa a pili i ka nui o nā ʻano mammals.
Makemake lākou e noho i nā laʻalāʻau a me nā ulu lāʻau o ka mauʻu, a noho mau i ka ulu. I kekahi mau hihia, e like me nāʻiole, hiki iā lākou ke noho i nā hale o nā kānaka.
ʻĀina maʻamau ʻo ke kumu i loaʻa i ke aʻa i nā wahi me ke aniau akahai. ʻIke pinepine ʻia ka holoholona i ka malu o nā ululāʻau huikau a deciduous, kahi e makemake ai i nā wahi momona i uhi ʻia me nā ʻōpala mea kanu.
Lāki ʻia ka Arctic He kamaʻāina ʻo ia ʻo Siberia a me ka tundra, i loaʻa pū ma ke kūkulu ʻākau o ka ʻAmelika. Piʻi ka holoholona i ʻelua mau manawa o ka makahiki (ma ka hoʻohui o ke anuanu a me ke anuanu o ke aniau ʻākau), e hoʻololi ana i ko lākou hulu mai ka ʻōlinolino a paʻakikī hoʻi i nā mahina hoʻoilo i ka huluhulu lahilahi o nā leo malū i nā kau maikaʻi. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka hulu kahi hoihoi a ʻekolu mau kala o ka brown, ʻokoʻa mai ka mālamalama a hina hina a pouli loa.
Nalu nunui, me ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 10 cm, i loaʻa ma ka ʻākau o ka Kōlea Korea, ka Hikina Hema a me Kina. Ke emi nui nei ka lehulehu o kēia holoholona, i ka nānā aku i kēia kūlana o nā hihia, ke hana ʻia nei nā mea e pale aku ai iā ia.
I ke kiʻi he shrew nunui
Pākuʻi liʻiliʻi ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi a hiki i ka lōʻihi o ka ʻole o 6 cm, a pinepine pinepine ka liʻiliʻi. Loaʻa ia ma Caucasus, Kyrgyzstan a me Siberia. ʻO ka maʻamau he kofe-ʻulaʻula kala. ʻO ka mea liʻiliʻi loa (ma kahi o 4 cm) ʻo ʻeke liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole ia he mea makehewa e manaʻo ʻia he lunamakaʻāinana makamae loa loa ma Russia.
I ke kiʻi, ua kī ka liʻiliʻi
Ke ʻano a me ka nohona o ka shrew
ʻAʻole like me nā rodentsʻiole, ʻōʻā pili ia i nā māmele insectivorous. Eia hou, ʻaʻole ia e ʻeli i nā mink, akā ola ʻo ia i ka nahele ululāʻau: ka ʻili o ka honua, uhi ʻia me nā lau i hāʻule a mae wale, ka mauʻu o ka makahiki i hala.
I ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole hibernate ka holoholona, no laila, i kahi kūlana hana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me ia i nā kau a pau. Akahele ʻo shrew, a mālama ʻia kona ola nui i ka pō. Akā hiki iā ia ke hoʻokō i kāna mau hana i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka lā, keu hoʻi i ka hana ʻana i kekahi mau hola ma mua o ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā.
Hiki iā ia ke hana i nā ala wili i loko o ka lepo palupalu, ma lalo o ka hau a me ka ʻōpala o nā ululāʻau e hana ana i kēia me ke kōkua o kahi proboscis a me nā wāwae. I kekahi manawa, no kona holomua, hoʻohana pū ia i nā neʻe o nā rodents: mole, voles, mice.
Liʻiliʻi ʻākala shrew ʻokoʻa i ka hihiʻike nui ʻole. A ʻo nā lālā nui e kōkua iā ia e ola i kēia ao ka ʻano o ka pā a me ka pilau. Hoʻohui ʻia, i ka pō e like me kahi mea kūikawā a kū hoʻokahi hoʻi, i hāʻawi ʻia iā ia e ke kūlohelohe, e like me ke kula ʻana, kōkua iā ia e hoʻokele.
ʻO kahi hoʻohui like i nā manaʻo ʻē aʻe, e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia mai nā mea ola ʻē aʻe, kōkua iā ia ʻaʻole e nalowale i ka pouli i waena o nā kumu o ka mauʻu a me nā aʻa o nā mea kanu.
I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka mea āna e ʻumeʻume ai, hoʻopuka ka shrew i nā impulses o ke kani. A ʻo nā pepeiao o kahi holoholona, kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa kona, loaʻa nā hōʻailona kūpono i ka pane ʻana, e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka honua a puni.
Mea ʻai
ʻO ka holoholona, ʻoiai kona nui akahai, momona loa, ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai i ʻelua manawa kona kaumaha i kēlā me kēia lā.
A ʻike ʻo ia i ka meaʻai, e wīwī nei i nā papa o luna o ka lepo, ma mua o kona loaʻa ʻana i ka pōʻino e hoʻonāukiuki loa ai i nā māla a me nā māla. Akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wikiwiki ʻole e huhū me nā hoanoho e like me nā shrews, no ka mea, hiki i nā holoholona ke kōkua i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā mea nui he nui: nā ʻenuhe, nā weevil, nā nalo lau, kaomi i nā nalo, nā nalo o Mei, nā bear, nā slug.
Eia kekahi, ʻaʻa ʻole ka shrew i ka maka o ke kanaka, no ka mea hana nui ia i ka pō, e ʻā mau ana i ka ʻōpala. ʻAi ka holoholona i nā invertebrates terestrial: nā nīnū, millipedes, spider a me nā ʻeneworm.
I ka nahele litter, piha me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, kahi e noho ai ʻo ia, ʻaʻole paʻakikī iā ia ke kiʻi i nā meaʻai i nā wā maikaʻi. Eia nō hoʻi, hiki i ka shrew ke ʻai i nā manu manu, nā ʻoki a me nā mea kanu nā mea kanu, ka mea maʻa mau i ka papa hoʻoilo.
ʻOiai e ʻai ana, kau ka holoholona, ma ke ʻano he rula, ma nā wāwae ʻehā, akā i kekahi mau manawa, no ka laʻana, ke ʻai nei i nā ʻenemi paheʻe a i ʻole nā nalo, hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana i nā wāwae o mua e paʻa i kāna mea pio.
I ka manawa pinepine i ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi mea e ʻai ai, piʻi ka shrew i nā kumulāʻau, piʻi i luna i ka pahu, paʻa i nā mea kūpono ʻole o ka ʻili me kāna mau wāwae e ʻahaʻaina ai i nā hua o kahi moth a moth goth.
I mea e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai, hiki i ka shrew ke hoʻouka i nā holoholona nui e like me nā rodents liʻiliʻi a me nā rana i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me kona nui. A inā he lanakila, ʻai ʻo ia iā lākou a kokoke, waiho wale i nā ʻili a me nā iwi o ka poʻe i hōʻino ʻia.
Lilo nā rana he nui i nā shrew i ka wā o ka hibernation, a ke hoʻoheheʻe ka hau, ʻo ko lākou mau iwi iwi wale nō, ʻāwīwī, hiki ke loaʻa ma ka papahele o ka ululāʻau.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hoʻomaka ka wā hānau no nā holoholona i ka hoʻomaka mua o ka puna, ma Malaki i ka manawa maʻamau, a hoʻopau i ka hopena o ke kau.
I loko o kēia wā, hiki i ka makuahine shrew ke hānau keiki i kekahi mau pua (mai ʻelua a ʻehā), a ʻo kēlā me kēia mea e hoʻonui i 3-9 cubs i ka helu o kēia laha o ka insectivorous.
Hapai ka hapai holoholona i kahi o ʻekolu a ʻehā mau pule paha. A i ka hopena o ka wā hānau, kūkulu nā shrews i kahi pūnana ma waena o nā aʻa o nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā pōhaku. Kūkulu lākou i kahi noho no kā lākou poʻe keiki e hiki mai ana mai nā lau a me nā limu, no ka maʻalahi e uhi iā ia me kahi mea palupalu.
Hoʻolālā wikiwiki nā shrews, ʻoiai hānau makapō loa lākou a me kahi kino pale ʻole ʻia. No nā pule ʻekolu e hiki mai ana, mai ka manawa o ka hānau ʻana, hānai lākou i ka waiū umauma.
Ma hope o ʻelua mau pule, wehe ka ʻike ʻana o nā keiki i nā haumāna, a hoʻomaka lākou e uhi ʻia me ka lauoho. A ma hope o 3-4 mau mahina hiki iā lākou iho ke hānau keiki. Noho nā holoholona ma kahi o 18-23 mau mahina, akā i kēia manawa hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonui nui.
