ʻO kēia manu o ka ʻohana snipe no ka mea hānai, a he nui nā inoa. Ua hele mai kona inoa mai ka hua hikina "kurakhtan", no laila ua kāhea lākou i nā manu e like me nā moa.
I Rūsia, kapa ʻia ka inoa ma mua: ka ʻūhini, bryzhach, cockerel a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui. ʻAʻole i lohi ka poʻe o ke kūkulu ʻākau, a ua piʻi aʻe me nā inoa kapakapa he nui no turukhtan, kaukaʻi ʻia i ko lākou helehelena. No laila he "turukhtan-bear" lākou, "turukhtan-deer", "turukhtan-wolf" a me nā mea like.
ʻO Turukhtan helehelena
Liʻiliʻi nā ana o ka turukhtan - ʻoi aku kona nui i ka manu nūnū. Aia nā kāne a me nā wahine i nā ʻano kaupaona like ʻole - ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka wahine nāwaliwali. Ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ke kāne turukhtana ma kahi o 30 cm, a kaupaona 120-300 gram. ʻO ka wahine ma kahi o 25 knm i ka nui a kaupaona 70-150 gram.
ʻO ke ʻano i nā manawa maʻamau he kūlana maʻamau no nā wader legged a me nā wāwae lōʻihi lōʻihi, a i ka wā moekolohe wale nō e pāʻani nā kāne i ka lole momona o nā hulu kala like ʻole.
ʻIke ʻia nā ulu liʻiliʻi ma ka wahi hakahaka o ka poʻo poʻo, ʻākoakoa nā kola nani a me nā pepeiao mai ka hulu. ʻO ke koena o ka manawa hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ko lākou nui nui aʻe ma mua o nā wahine.
ʻO ka hina o nā mea ʻelua i ka hina hina, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka ʻōpū ma mua o ke kua. Ma ka laulā, hoʻololi ke ʻano o ke kāne turukhtan i 2-3 mau manawa i ka makahiki. Piʻi pinepine nā manu. Ma kiʻi o turukhtanov hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka ʻokoʻa o kā lākou kala, paʻakikī ka loaʻa ʻana o nā manu like ʻelua.
ʻO nā wahine ke ʻano hina-ʻōmaʻomaʻo like ʻole. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa i nā kala o nā wāwae, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka makahiki o ka manu. No laila i nā wahine a ʻōpio turukhtans (nā poʻe ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻekolu mau makahiki), hina hina nā wāwae, ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
I nā kāne makua, ʻalani lākou. Nuku ma manu turukhtan ʻaʻole lōʻihi, i nā kāne ʻalani, kūlike i ke kala o nā wāwae. I nā wahine, ʻeleʻele ka nuku, akā hiki ke loaʻa i kahi piko ʻōniʻoniʻo. Ma kēlā me kēia peʻa a ma luna o ka huelo o luna, loaʻa i nā turukhtans āpau kahi hulu keʻokeʻo o nā hulu.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi hiʻohiʻona o kekahi mau kāne turukhtans. Kāhea nā Ornithologists i nā manu e loaʻa iā ia nā "Feders". ʻAʻohe o lākou mau hōʻailona kūikawā o ka ʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole hiki i kēia mau kāne ke hōʻea i ka nui maʻamau, akā i ka manawa like ua ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā wahine.
ʻAʻohe ala e hoʻokaʻawale ai iā lākou ke ʻole ʻoe e hopu a ana i ka lōʻihi o ka ʻēheu. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia mea i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo anatomical. I ka wā o ka autopsy o nā mea i make, ua akāka he mau wahine wahine kolohe paha lākou, he kāne maoli lākou. Hiki iā lākou ke helu ʻia e kā lākou hana i kahi pūʻulu - hiki i nā kāne ke hoʻouka i nā mea hānai, e like me nā kāne maʻamau. Me nā wahine, ʻaʻole hoʻomaka nā manu i ka hakakā.
Kahi noho Turukhtan
ʻO Turukhtan kahi manu neʻe maʻamau. Noho ka hoʻoilo ma ʻApelika mehana. Hoʻi ia i nā pūnaewele pūnana ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Eurasia, ma ka hikina a i Anadyr a me Kolyma. ʻĀpana ka wahi noho o turukhtan ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia, hāʻule ia ma ka tundra mai Pelekane Nui a me ke komohana ʻākau o Palani a Chukotka a me ke kai o Okhotsk. Hiki iā lākou ke lele i ke kūkulu ʻākau a hiki i ka Arctic, iā Taimyr a me Yamal. Mai ka hikina, kaupalena ʻia ka wahi e nā kapakai o ka Moana Arctic.
ʻO ka mānoanoa kiʻekiʻe loa o nā pūnaewele pūnana ma Russia (ma luna o 1 miliona mau pālua). Kuekene (61,000 pālua), Pinilana (39,000 paʻa), Nolewai (14,000 pālua) ka mea e hiki mai ana ma nā helu helu. He paʻakikī e hoʻokumu i ka palena o lalo o ka wahi o ka pūnana, ʻoiai lele pinepine nā turukhtans i ka hema o ka tundra. Koho ʻia nā mauʻu pulu a me nā mākau mauʻu no ka pūnana.
ʻO ka nohona Turukhtan
ʻO ko Turukhtan ʻano moaʻi loa. ʻAʻohe mea kupanaha, ke unuhi ʻia mai ka ʻōlelo Lākina, ʻo kona inoa ʻo ia ka manaʻo "milant fight fond." ʻAʻole kuhi wale kēia, ʻoiai kēia mau kāne uʻi, ʻo ka mea mua, hōʻike iā lākou iho ʻaʻole i nā wahine, akā hoʻomāinoino i nā kāne.
I ka pūnāwai, ʻākoakoa lākou i nā wahi pūnana, a pena ʻia i nā kala like ʻole, hoʻonui i nā kola a me nā pepeiao, hoʻomaka e holo a puni kā lākou panalāʻau, e ʻumeʻume i ka manaʻo o nā kāne ʻē aʻe.
E hakakā kūʻē i nā mea kūʻē. ʻOiai makaʻu nā manu i kēia manawa, lele lākou a hoʻomau i kā lākou kaua. I kekahi manawa nui loa ka ʻohana, nui nā kāne, a laila ʻaʻohe mea nui e kaua kūʻē, he mea nui ka hana o ke kaua. I kēlā ʻano kūlana, hāʻawi ʻia nā wahine i ka ʻuhane hakakā maʻamau, a hoʻāʻo nō hoʻi lākou e komo i nā kaua.
Akā, he hōʻike wale nō kēia mau hakakā hakakā. Ma ka pāʻani ʻana ua lawa, noho mālie lākou i ka ʻaoʻao, palekana loa a kani ʻole. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā kāne kāne pīpī loa e ke kala o ke kola - ʻoi aku ka mālamalama, ʻoi aku ka hakakā o ke kāne.
Kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he mana nui. ʻO nā kānaka me nā koleka keʻokeʻo i kapa ʻia he mau ukali (satellites), mālie loa lākou. Ke hana nei nā Turukhtans i nā hola o ke ao. I nā kūlana o ka lā polar ʻākau, hoʻopuni nā manu kokoke i ka uaki.
Mea ʻai Turukhtan
ʻO ka mea nui e pili ana i ka meaʻai, ʻo ia ka turukhtans e hoʻokaʻawale i ka meaʻai e like me nā kau. No laila i ke kauwela makemake lākou i ka meaʻai holoholona, a i ka hoʻoilo hoʻoulu wale lākou i ka meaʻai. ʻAi lākou i ka manawa kokoke i ka wai pāpaʻu. Akā hiki iā lākou ke ʻohi i nā meaʻai mai ka honua, a iʻa iʻa iā ia mai ka lepo wai.
I ke kauwela, ʻimi ʻia nā lele, nā huna wai, nā makika, nā larva caddis, nā beetles, nā crustacea, molluscs, a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi. I ka hoʻoilo, hānai lākou i nā ʻanoʻano mauʻu a me nā mea kanu wai. I ka wā hoʻoilo i ʻApelika, hiki iā lākou ke hōʻeha i nā kanu laiki mahiʻai ma ka ʻoki ʻana i kāna mau hua.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ka turukhtan
ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa nā Turukhtans i ke kūpaʻa i kekahi i kekahi - polygamous nā kāne ʻelua. E like me ka male ʻana o nā kāne me nā wahine, no laila ʻaʻole manaʻo nā wahine i hoʻokahi hoʻokahi. Ma hope o ka wā ʻōpio, i hana ʻia i 2 mau makahiki, kūkulu ka wahine i kahi pūnana ma Malaki-Iune (kaukaʻi ʻia i ka latitude o ka wahi).
I ka male ʻana me hoʻokahi a mau kāne paha, hoʻoulu ka wahine i hoʻokahi paʻa, i loaʻa mau i nā hua he 4. Hoʻolako ʻo ia i ka pūnana i kāna ʻono mai nā mea kūkulu hale, e hoʻoliʻiliʻi nui ia me nā lau a me ka mauʻu o ka makahiki i hala.
Inā pilikia, ʻaʻole e lele koke ka wahine mai ka pūnana mai e kumakaia i kona wahi, akā e holo mua ʻo ia mai ia wahi. Ma hope o 20-23 mau lā, hatch nā pēpē, uhi ʻia me ka palaanoa mānoanoa i lalo.
Mai nā lā mua he kūʻokoʻa loa lākou a hiki ke kiʻi i nā meaʻai na lākou iho, e kolo nei me lākou ma ka mauʻu. Hoʻomau ka hoʻomehana wahine i kā lākou poʻe keiki no kekahi mau lā hou aku, e kiaʻi ana i ke ʻano a puni ka pūnana i mea e lawe aku ai i ka ʻenemi mai nā pīpī inā pilikia.
Ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina, kū ka ʻōpio ma ka ʻeheu. Akā no ka hoʻoilo lele lākou i ka hope loa, ʻaʻole ma mua o ʻAukake. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola ma kahi o 4.5 mau makahiki. Turukhtan inā ua lōʻihi koʻu ola inā ʻaʻole pēlā ʻimi holoholona ʻenemi kanaka a kūlohelohe hoʻi. I nā makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hānai ʻia ka turukhtan ma kahi pālākiō ʻoihana, a i kēia manawa e ʻimi ʻia lākou no nā haʻuki.
