Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho
Ma ke ʻano he kaulike, kapa ʻia nā nalo waena he gadflies, ʻike ʻia ʻekolu mau ʻohana (a laila, he mau ʻano hou aʻe, ma kahi o 150 mau ʻano) - ʻōpū, subcutaneus, ʻōpū.
I loko o ke kiʻi he gadfly
Pili ka pilina o ke ola o kēia kolo me ke ola o ke kanaka, ʻoiai ʻo ka larvae parasitize i nā kānaka, a i ʻole, i nā manawa pinepine, i nā māmela nui. No laila, ākea ka laha ʻana o nā gadflies (ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke aniau a mehana paha, no ka mea kokoke i nā nāhelehele āpau).
Kekahi ʻano o ka gadfly i ke kiʻi hoihoi loa, no ka mea, he nui nā kala (mai ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka melemele ʻawahia) "mau maka". Eia nō naʻe, i ke ola maoli ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka ʻike ʻana i kēia nani ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka arthropod. Haʻahaʻa ka wikiwiki o ka lele, me ke hoʻokokoke ʻana o ka gadfly, hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe i kahi kani haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe.
Pono ʻole e ʻōlelo, hiki i kēia lele nani ke hōʻeha nui i ke olakino kanaka a me nā holoholona. akā e hakakā me ka nalo ʻaʻole paʻakikī loa - ua lawa ia i ka manawa kūpono a me ka mākaukau e hoʻokokoke i ka disinsection o nā wahi nui o ka hele wāwae bipi a me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o kēia mau arthropods, a ʻākoakoa lākou no ka male ʻana ma nā wahi like i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hāʻawi ʻia i kahi e mālama ʻia me nā kemika weliweli, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hana iā ʻoe iho, i mea e hōʻeha ʻole ai i nā holoholona a me nā kānaka.
Mālama a me ka nohona
ʻO Gadfly - insect, e pili ana i ke kiʻi o kahi makua ma o ka hoʻololi piha ʻana, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka hua manu e lilo i larva, a laila noho i ke ʻano o ka pupa, a laila lilo i imago makua.
ʻO ka maʻamau, mau ka pōʻaiapuni piha ma kahi o hoʻokahi makahiki. ʻOiai ʻo kēia, ʻo ke kahua wikiwiki loa i ke ola o ka gadfly ka puka mai ka pupa, kahi i hala i kekona kekona, a ma hope iho ua mākaukau koke ka pepeke no ke ola kūʻokoʻa a me ka hānau ʻana.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ke ola ola, ʻo ia hoʻi nā pae mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka laha. O kahi laʻana, ʻōpū ʻōpū: kahi lio a hoki paha e ʻai i kāna ʻūlū i hoʻomoe ʻia e nā wahine ma nā mea kanu ʻai, a i ʻole pololei i loko o ka lauoho o ka holoholona, mai kahi a ka larva e kiʻi ai i ka esophagus.
Ke neʻe nei i loko o ke kino o ka mea hoʻokipa, hana nā ʻūlū i nā kahawai, i mea e ʻike ai ka holoholona i ka nui o ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole, ka ʻili ʻana a me ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka maikaʻi a me ka nui o nā kiko i loko o ke kino, kahi e hoʻoweliweli i nā holoholona
Me nā ʻōpala o ka hana nui, ua puka nā larvae makua, e hoʻomau i ke ola ola iā lākou iho. ʻO ka ʻano maʻamau ka subcutaneus kēpau, kahi e loaʻa ai ma nā wahi āpau o ka honua, koe wale no nā wahi me nā mahana anuanu mau.
Hoʻopili ka wahine i nā hulu i ke kino o nā pipi, a ma hope iho ua ʻūlū ʻia ke ʻano o ka larva ma lalo o ka ʻili o ka holoholona. Ma mua o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a neʻe i ke kahua o ke kūkulu hou ʻana, hana lākou i mau puka i loko o ke kino o ka mea lawe kahi e komo ai ka ea iā lākou, a, ma hope, waiho i ke kino ma o nā lua like.
I ke kiʻi, nā larvae gadfly ma ke kino o kahi bipi
Nani nā Gadfly hiki ke hōʻeha nui i ke olakino kanaka. No laila, aia kekahi mau hihia i ka wā i loaʻa ai ka larvae i ka lolo o ke kanaka, a ua alakaʻi ʻia i ka make. ʻO ke ala hope loa e komo ai ka ʻalalā i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka a holoholona paha e waiho pono ʻia e ka wahine ma o ka ihu a mau maka paha.
No laila, hoʻomaka ka parasitism i nā ʻōpū ʻōpū. Hānau koke ka wahine i nā lū, ke kāpae ʻana i ke kahua o nā hua manu, kahi āna i waiho ai i ka ihu ihu o nā holoholona i ka lele wale. Neʻe ka larvae i loko o ka iwi poʻo, e noho ana i ka ʻōnohi o ka maka, ka maka a i ʻole ka membrane mucous, e waiho ana ma hope o nā kahawai a me nā miasms.
Mea ʻai
ʻAi ka larvae i kā lākou mau halihali, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻānai iki nā gadflies makua i ka meaʻai. Hoʻoemi ʻia ko lākou waha. Hoʻopiha hou ʻia ke kino ma muli o nā mea i hōʻiliʻili nui ʻia ka gadfly, aia i ka pae larval.
ʻO ia ke kumu, i ke ʻano o ka pepeke makua, hoʻolōʻihi iki ka manawa - mai 3 a 20 mau lā, e lilo ana kahi ʻāpana nui o kā lākou nui i kēlā me kēia lā. Inā anuanu ke anilā, hoʻāʻo nā gadflies ʻaʻole e lele, mālama i ka ikehu, a laila hiki i ko lākou ola ke hala i 30 mau lā.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Ua ʻike ʻia e hoʻolilo nā kāne a me nā wahine i ke kaʻina moena ma nā wahi like i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ma hope o kēia kaʻina hana, lele koke nā wahine, i ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi holoholona - he lawe i ka wā e hiki mai ana no kā lākou mau hua. ʻO ka hana a nā wahine o nā ʻano loli like ʻole.
ʻO kahi laʻana, lele ke aho ma luna o kahi bipi a i ka manawa like e lohe ʻia ai nā holoholona, nā mea e hopohopo ai a hoʻāʻo e haʻalele i ka wahi ʻimi holoholona o ka ʻeneto. ʻO ka wahine o ka esophagus - ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hoʻāʻo e sneak i ka ʻike ʻole ʻia - hana ʻo ia i kēia ma nā lele pōkole a i ʻole ka wāwae, e waiho ana i nā hua he 5-20 i kēlā me kēia lauoho.
Nā Wahine ʻalalā pōpilikia a momona loa nā ʻīlio lio, no laila, ʻoiai me kahi helu liʻiliʻi o nā mea kolo, hiki iā lākou ke hōʻoia i ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o nā lāhui. ʻO nā wahi e waiho nei nā wahi i waiwai nui i ka undercoat nui.
Hoʻomaka ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka gadfly i ka hua manu, kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka larva o ka pae mua, i lawe ʻia mai ʻekolu mau lā a i kahi pule, ʻo 32 ° C ka mahana kūpono, me ia, ʻike ʻia nā larva kokoke i nā hua āpau.
Ma hope o ko lākou helehelena, e holoholo ana ma waena o ke kino o ka mea nāna ka mea nāna e hoʻomaka, ke ʻano o ke ʻaoʻao kikoʻī e pili ana i ka ʻano pepeke. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka ikaika o ka hānai ʻana i loko o kahi meaola haole, hiki i nā larvae ke piʻi i ke ana o 15 mm.
I ka pae ʻelua a me ke kolu o ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē, pono ka oxygen, no laila hoʻi lākou - kokoke i ka ʻili a hana i nā puka e komo ai ka ea. A laila hana kahi capsule a puni lākou, kahi e hoʻokumu hou ʻia ai.
I ka pau ʻana o kēia pae, ma o nā lua like, haʻalele ka larva i ke kino o ka holoholona a hāʻule i ka honua, kahi e hana ai ka pupation, kahi mai hoʻokahi a ʻehiku mau lā. Pili ka ulu ʻana o ka pupa i nā kūlana kūwaho o ke kaiapuni, pinepine ka pae pupal i nā lā he 30 - 45. Hānau nā Gadflies i nā keiki i hoʻokahi manawa wale nō.
