'Lelo mau ʻia nā Beavers me kahi hoihoi iki: pīhoihoi kēia mau holoholona kupaianaha me kā lākou hana nui, koʻikoʻi a me ke ʻano kanaka a me ka hoʻolaʻa.
Ua hana ke kanaka i ka holoholona i meʻe maikaʻi o nā kaʻao kaʻao a me nā kaʻao e pili ana i nā waiwai mau o ke ola. He mea kūpono wale nō ia e hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o nā huaʻōlelo consonant: he holoholona ka beaver, a ʻo ka beaver ka inoa o kona huluhulu.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho o ka beaver
I ke kaʻina o nā rodents, ʻo kēia mammal muliwai kekahi o nā mea nui loa, e piʻi ana i 30 kg a ʻoi paha i ke kaupaona. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kino a hoʻolōʻihi ʻia a 1.5 m ka lōʻihi, a ma kahi o 30 cm ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā lālā pōkole me nā manamana ʻelima, ma waena o ia mau membrane. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o nā wāwae hope ma mua o nā wāwae mua.
Ikaika nā kui, pelu a pālahalaha. Ma ka manamana ʻelua, ua forked ka maiuu, e like me ka selu. ʻO kēia ka mea a ka holoholona e hoʻohana ai e kāhili i ka hulu nani a waiwai hoʻi. ʻO ka hulu kahi lauoho lauoho pale a me ka undercoat lahilahi, palekana palekana i ka hypothermia, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pulu maikaʻi i ka wai.
ʻO kahi papa o ka momona subcutaneous, ka mea e paʻa ai ka wela o loko, a mālama pū kekahi mai ke anuanu. ʻO ka laulā o ka lole mai ka chestnut a i ka brown brown, aneane ʻeleʻele, e like me nā paws a me ka huelo.
Ma muli o ka hulu waiwai a nani hoʻi, ua aneane luku ʻia ka holoholona ma ke ʻano he ʻano laha: nui ka poʻe i makemake e loaʻa i kahi ʻahu huluhulu a me ka pāpale i hana ʻia i ka ʻili holoholona. Ma ka hopena beaver hoʻohui ʻia i ka papa inoa holoholona Buke ʻulaʻula.
ʻO ka huelo o ka holoholona e like me ka hoe 30 cm ka nui a hiki i ka 11-13 cm ākea. Uhi ʻia ka ʻili me nā unahi nunui a me nā huluhulu ʻoʻoleʻa. Hoʻohālikelike ke ʻano o ka huelo a me kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe i ka Eurasian a i ʻole ka beaver maʻamau mai ka ʻohana ʻAmelika (Kanada).
Ma ka huelo he wen a me ʻelua glands no ka hana ʻana i kahi mea pilau, i kapa ʻia he kahawai beaver. ʻO ka mea huna o ka wen i loko o ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻike e pili ana i ke kanaka (makahiki, ke kāne), a hōʻike ka pilau i nā palena o ka ʻāina i noho ʻia. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi kahi kū hoʻokahi o ka jet beaver, e like me ka manamana lima o ke kanaka. Hoʻohana ʻia ka mea i loko o ka perfumery.
I ke kiʻi, kahi wai beaver
Ma kahi wīwī liʻiliʻi, ʻike ʻia nā pepeiao pōkole, kokoke ʻole i ka huluhulu. ʻOiai ka nui o nā mea hoʻolohe, maikaʻi loa ka hoʻolohe ʻana o ka holoholona. Ke komo ʻia i loko o ka wai, paʻa nā puka ihu a me nā pepeiao o ka holoholona, pale ʻia nā maka e ka "eyelid kolu" a pale ʻia i ka ʻeha.
ʻO ka membrane blinking e ʻae iā ʻoe e ʻike i ka holoholona i loko o ka wai nui. Hoʻonohonoho kūikawā ʻia nā lehelehe o ka beaver i mea e ʻoki ʻole ai, ʻaʻole komo ka wai i ka lua o ka waha ke ʻūʻū.
ʻAe nā volumona nui i ka holoholona e ʻauʻau, me ka ʻole o ka papa wai, a 700 m, e hoʻohana ana ma kahi o 15 mau minuke. No nā holoholona semi-aquatic, he mau helu kope kēia.
Ola holoholona beavers i loko o nā kino wai wai hohonu hohonu. ʻO kēia nā loko nahele, nā loko, nā muliwai, nā kahawai, a me nā kapa wai o nā waihona. ʻO ke kūlana nui ka nāhelehele kahakai momona o nā pōhaku palupalu, nā laʻalāʻau a me ka mauʻu. Inā ʻaʻole pololei ka ʻāina, a laila hana ka beaver i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kaiapuni e like me ka mea kūkulu hale.
I ka manawa ma mua, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā holoholona ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia, koe wale nō ʻo Kamchatka a me Sakhalin. Akā ʻo ka luku ʻia a me ka hana hoʻokele waiwai i alakaʻi ʻia i ka luku ʻia o kahi ʻāpana nui o nā beaver. Ke hoʻomau nei ka hana hoʻōla hou a hiki i kēia lā, me nā beaver e noho ana i nā waihona i hiki ke noho ʻia.
Ke ʻano a me ka nohona o ka beaver
ʻO nā Beavers he holoholona semi-aquatic e manaʻo nui i ka wai, ʻauʻau a luʻu nani, a ma ka ʻāina beaver Ua loaʻa nānaina hemahema holoholona.
Hoʻonui ka hana o nā holoholona i ke ahiahi a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pō. I ke kauwela hiki iā lākou ke hana no 12 mau hola. I ka hoʻoilo wale nō, i nā hau hau ʻino, ʻaʻole lākou e haʻalele i nā hale noho kaʻawale. ʻO nā lua a i ʻole nā hale i kapa ʻia he mau wahi kahi e noho ai nā ʻohana beaver.
Hūnā ʻia nā puka komo i nā lua e ka wai a alakaʻi i waena o nā labyrinth o nā wahi kahakai. ʻO nā puka kūpilikiʻi e hōʻoia i ka palekana o nā holoholona. ʻOi aku ka lumi o ka lumi ma mua o ka mika i ka nui a ma kahi o 50 cm ke kiʻekiʻe, aia mau ma luna o ka pae wai.
Hiki iā Beaver ke kūkulu i nā dam i hiki ke kākoʻo maʻalahi i ke kaumaha o ke kanaka
Pale kahi pale kūikawā i ka wahi ma ka muliwai, kahi e loaʻa ai ka lua, mai ka hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka wanaʻao o nā beaver ke ʻano like me ka ʻoihana o nā mea hoʻolālā. Lawe ʻia ke kūkulu ʻana o nā hale i nā wahi pālahalaha a i nā panakawai haʻahaʻa. ʻO kēia nā ʻano cone-shaped a hiki i 3 m kiʻekiʻe i hana ʻia i ka palaki, silt a me ka pālolo.
He ākea ka loko, a he 12 m ke anawaena. Ma ka piko he lua no ka ea, a ma ka lalo he mau lua ahi no ke komo ʻana i ka wai. I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻomehana ia i loko, ʻaʻohe hau, hiki i nā beaver ke luʻu i loko o ka waihona wai. ʻO ka mahu ma luna o ka hale i ka lā hau ka hōʻailona o ka noho ʻana.
No ka mālama ʻana i ka pae wai e pono ai a mālama i nā hale a me nā lua, kūkulu nā beaver i nā wai kaulana i ʻike ʻia, a i ʻole nā waihona wai mai nā kumu lāʻau, brushwood a me ka silt. ʻOiai nā pōhaku kaumaha a hiki i ka 18 kg i loaʻa e hoʻoikaika i ka hale.
ʻO ke kino o ka dam, ma ke ʻano he kumu, he kumulāʻau i hāʻule, i hoʻonui ʻia me nā mea kūkulu hale a i 30 m ka lōʻihi, a i 2 m kiʻekiʻe, a i 6 m ākea. Hiki i ke ʻano ke kākoʻo maʻalahi i ke kaumaha o kēlā me kēia kanaka.
I loko o ke kiʻi, hāli ka beaver
ʻO ka manawa hana ma kahi o 2-3 mau pule. A laila nānā pono nā beavers i ka palekana o ka mea i kūkulu ʻia a hoʻokō i nā "hoʻoponopono" inā pono. Hana lākou ma ke ʻano he ʻohana, kaʻana like i nā kuleana, me he mea lā he hopena o ka hoʻolālā pololei a hewa ʻole.
Mālama maʻalahi nā rodents i nā lāʻau a hiki i ka 7-8 cm i ke anawaena i 5 mau minuke, e ʻūlū ana i nā pahu i ke kumu. Hiki iā ia ke mālama i nā kumulāʻau nui aku, a hiki i 40 cm ke anawaena, i ka pō. ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana i nā ʻāpana, huki ʻia i kahi noho a i ʻole kahi wai e lawe ʻia i kahi ʻano maʻamau a me ka ʻole.
He aha nā holoholona i nā beaver i ko lākou hale, ʻike ʻia i ka nohona. ʻAʻole wale nā hale, akā ʻo nā kahawai kahi e hoʻopili ʻia ai nā mea kūkulu hale a me nā hānai, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka excrement a me nā koena o ka meaʻai.
Nā ala, nā hale, nā pā hale - hoʻopili nā mea āpau a hoʻomaʻemaʻe. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi ʻāina kūikawā, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka beaver. Kūkākūkā nā holoholona me ke kōkua o nā kaha pilau kūikawā, nā leo i hoʻoili ʻia, ʻano like me ke ʻaʻa, ka huelo huelo.
ʻO kahi slam ma ka wai kahi hōʻailona hōʻailona a me kahi kauoha e peʻe ma lalo o ka wai. ʻO nā ʻenemi nui i ke ʻano he ʻīlio hae, ʻalopeke, a me nā bea ʻeleʻele. Akā ʻo nā kānaka ka hōʻino nui i ka lehulehu o ka beaver.
He holoholona ʻo Beaver-ʻo ka mea hana a me ka mea pili i ka nohona ʻohana mālie. I ko lākou manawa kaʻawale, mālama lākou i kaʻaʻahu huluhulu, lubricating me nā huna mai nā gland sebaceous, pale iā ia mai ka pulu.
Mea ʻai Beaver
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka papaʻai o nā beavers i nā meaʻai mea kanu: ka ʻili a me nā wana o nā lāʻau palupalu; i ke kauwela, ʻo nā mea kanu lau nahele ka mea nui.
ʻO ka nui o nā meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā ma ka awelika a hiki i ka 1/5 o ke kaumaha o ka holoholona. ʻAe nā niho ikaika o ke koʻokoʻo iā ia e kūpale i nā ʻano ʻano ʻano lāʻau. Makemake nui lākou i ka willow, birch, aspen, poplar, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka linden, ka cherry manu. Aloha lākou i nā ʻākala, kanu i nā ʻōpuʻu, ka ʻili a me nā lau.
I ka hāʻule, ʻohiʻohi nā beaver i ka hānai lāʻau i ka wā hoʻoilo. Aia nā hale waihona ukana i nā wahi ma lalo o nā panakō nui me kahi kahe nui o nā waihona. E ʻae kēia iā ʻoe e ʻike ma lalo o ka hau i ka hoʻoilo i nā kumu lāʻau hau ʻole o ka willow, aspen a i ʻole nā birch lāʻau.
Nui nā mālama: a i 70 mau mika cubic. no hoʻokahi ʻohana beaver. ʻO nā bacteria kōkua kōkua digestion i ka hana ʻana o cellulose, a ulu nā incisors beaver i ke ola holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
ʻOi aku ka wahine i ka ʻohana beaver, ʻoi aku ka nui o lākou i ka nui. Hana ka manawa male ma ka hoʻoilo, mai ka waena o Ianuali a Pepeluali.
I ka kiʻi paʻi mea beaver pēpē
Kū ka wā hānau a hiki i Mei, i hānau ʻia mai ka 1 a i ka 6, ke kaumaha nei kēlā me kēia ma kahi o 0.5 kg. Loaʻa i ka brood nā 2-4 cubs. ʻO nā Beavers, ʻike maka a huluhulu, ma hope o 2 mau lā e ʻauʻau ana ma lalo o ka mālama a ko lākou makuahine.
Hoʻopuni ʻia nā pēpē e ka mālama, 20 mau lā ka hānai ʻana o ka waiū, a laila huli iki lākou i nā mea kanu mea kanu. No 2 mau makahiki, noho ka ʻōpio i ka pōʻai o nā mākua, a ma hope o ka ʻōpio ʻana, hana ʻia kā lākou kolone ponoʻī a me kahi noho hou. I ke kūlohelohe, ʻo ke ola o kahi beaver muliwai he 12-17 mau makahiki, a i ka noho pio ʻana ua pālua ia.
ʻO nā hui o nā beaver me nā monogamous me nā keiki o nā makahiki mua a ʻelua hoʻi o ke ola e hana i nā hui ʻohana ma ka ʻāina i noho ʻia me kā lākou ʻano nohona ponoʻī. ʻO ko lākou noho ʻana, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, he hopena maikaʻi i ke kūlana kaiaola o ke kaiapuni.
Aia kekahi manawa ʻo nā hale beaver ke kumu o ka luku ʻia o nā ala a me nā ala kaʻaahi. Akā ʻoi aku ka pinepine mea hoʻo honua honua holoholona waiwai ʻia me nā kino wai maʻemaʻe a noho ʻia e nā iʻa, nā manu, nā mea noho nahele.
