Elepani ʻO ia kekahi o nā holoholona kupaianaha loa. ʻAʻole wale lākou i ʻike i ka nui, akā hiki iā lākou ke kaumaha, hopohopo, luʻuluʻu a ʻakaʻaka hoʻi.
I nā kūlana paʻakikī, kōkua mau lākou i ko lākou poʻe hoahānau. He akamai ko ka ʻelepani no ke mele a me ke kiʻi ʻana.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho o ka ʻelepani
ʻElua miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, i ka wā o ka Pleistocene, ua pāhola nui ʻia nā mammoth a me nā mastodons a puni ka honua. I kēia manawa, ua aʻo ʻia ʻelua mau ʻano ʻelepani: ʻApelika a me ʻInikia.
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo kēia ka mammal nui loa ma ka honua. Eia naʻe, hewa ia. ʻO ka mea nui ka kohola polū a polū paha, ʻo ka lua ka kohola sperm, a ʻo ke kolu wale nō ka ʻelepani ʻEpelika.
ʻO ia ka ʻoi aku ka nui o nā holoholona ʻāina āpau. ʻO ka lua o ka holoholona ʻāina nui ma hope o ka ʻelepani ka hippopotamus.
Ma kahi maloʻo, piʻi ka ʻelepani ʻApelika i 4 m a kaupaona ʻia a i 7.5 mau tona. kaupaona ka ʻelepani emi iki - a i 5t, kona kiʻekiʻe - 3m. Pili ka mamona i ka proboscis pau. He holoholona kapu ka ʻelepani ma India a me Thailand.
ʻO ka Elepani India ka kiʻi
Wahi a ka moʻolelo, ua moemoeā ka makuahine o Buddha Elepani keʻokeʻo me kahi lotus, ka mea i wānana i ka hānau ʻana o kahi keiki ʻano ʻole. ʻO ka ʻelepani keʻokeʻo kahi hōʻailona o Buddhism a me ke ʻano o ka waiwai ʻuhane. Ke hānau ʻia kahi ʻelepani albino ma Thailand, he hanana nui kēia, na ka Mōʻī o ka mokuʻāina ʻo ia e lawe iā ia ma lalo o kona ʻēheu.
ʻO kēia nā māmela ʻāina nui nui e noho ana ma ʻApelika a me ʻAsia Hikina Hema. Makemake lākou e noho i nā wahi o nā savannas a me nā ululāʻau pāhihi. ʻAʻole hiki ke hālāwai me lākou ma nā wao nahele.
Holoholona holoholona Elepani, ka mea i kaulana no kāna mau tusks nui. Hoʻohana nā holoholona iā lākou e kiʻi i ka meaʻai, hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke ala, i mea e māka ai i ka ʻāina. Ke ulu mau nei nā Tusks, i ka poʻe mākua hiki i ka ulu ulu ke hiki i 18 knm i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā tusks o nā mea ʻelemakule ma kahi o 3 mau mika.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau nā niho, hāʻule i waho a ulu nā mea hou i ko lākou wahi (hoʻololi lākou ma kahi o ʻelima mau manawa i ke ola holoʻokoʻa). He kiʻekiʻe loa ke kumu kūʻai o ka niho ʻelepani, no laila e luku mau ʻia nā holoholona.
A ʻoiai pale ʻia nā holoholona a kau ʻia i loko o ka International Red Book, aia nō kekahi poʻe mākaʻi holoholona i mākaukau e pepehi i kēia holoholona nani no ka loaʻa kālā.
Kākaʻikahi loa ka loaʻa ʻana o nā holoholona me nā tusks nunui, no ka mea ua pau loa lākou i ka luku ʻia. He mea nui ia ma nā ʻāina he nui, ʻo ka make ʻana i ka ʻelepani ka hoʻopaʻi make.
Aia kekahi kaao e pili ana i ke ola ʻana o nā hale kupapaʻu pohihihi ʻokoʻa i waena o nā ʻelepani, kahi e hele ai nā holoholona kahiko a maʻi hoʻi e make, no ka mea liʻiliʻi loa ka loaʻa ʻana o nā niho o nā holoholona make. Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻokele nā ʻepekema e hoʻopau i kēia kaʻao, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka ʻahaʻaina porcupines ma luna o nā pū, kahi e māʻona ai ka pōloli o ka mineral.
ʻO ka ʻelepani kahi ʻano holoholona, nona kahi ʻōnaehana hoihoi - ka pahu, hiki i ʻehiku mau mika ka lōʻihi. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia mai ka lehelehe luna a me ka ihu. Loaʻa ka pahu ma kahi o 100,000 mau mākala. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia meaola no ka hanu ʻana, inu a me ke kani ʻana. Pāʻani i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi i ka wā e ʻai ai, ma ke ʻano he lima loli.
No ka hopu ʻana i nā mea liʻiliʻi, hoʻohana ka ʻelepani India i kahi hoʻonui liʻiliʻi ma kāna kumu i like me ka manamana lima. He ʻelua o lākou ka lunamakaʻāinana ʻApelika. Hāʻawi ke kumu i nā mea ʻelua no ka ʻohi ʻana i nā lau o ka mauʻu a no ka haki ʻana i nā kumulāʻau nui. Me ke kōkua o ke kumu, hiki i nā holoholona ke holoi mai ka wai lepo.
ʻAʻole ʻoluʻolu wale kēia no nā holoholona, akā pale pū kekahi i ka ʻili mai nā mea kolo huhū (hoʻomaloʻo ka lepo a hana i kahi kiʻi pale). ʻO ka ʻelepani kahi hui o nā holoholonapepeiao nui loa kēlā. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā elepani ʻApelika ma mua o nā ʻelepani ʻĀkia. ʻAʻole wale nā pepeiao o nā holoholona i ka lohe.
ʻOiai ʻaʻohe o nā ʻelepa e loaʻa nā gland sebaceous, ʻaʻohe lākou e hou. Hoʻonui nā capillaries lehulehu e hou i nā pepeiao i ka wā wela a hoʻokuʻu i ka wela i ka lewa. Hoʻohui ʻia, hiki ke hoʻolahilaha ʻia kēia meaola.
Elepani - ka mea wale nō māmeleka mea hiki ʻole ke lele a holo. Hiki iā lākou ke hele wāwae a neʻe paha i kahi wikiwiki, e like me ka holo ʻana. ʻOiai ke kaumaha, ka ʻili mānoanoa (ma kahi o 3 knm) a me nā iwi mānoanoa, hele mālie ka ʻelepani.
ʻO ka mea nā pads ma ka wāwae o ka holoholona a ulu a hoʻonui i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ukana, kahi mea a ka manu e hele hāmau ai. Kōkua kēia mau pads like i nā ʻelepani e neʻe a puni nā kahawai. I ka nānā mua ʻana, he holoholona clumsy ka ʻelepani, akā hiki ke piʻi i ka wikiwiki a 30 km i kēlā me kēia hola.
Hiki i nā Elepani ke ʻike pono, akā hoʻohana hou i ko lākou ʻano o ka pilau, hoʻopā a me ka lohe. Hoʻolālā ʻia nā maka maka lōʻihi e mālama i ka lepo. ʻOiai nāʻauʻau maikaʻi, hiki i nā holoholona ke ʻauʻau a 70 km a noho i ka wai me ka ʻole o ka lalo i nā hola ʻeono.
Hiki ke lohe ʻia nā leo e nā ʻelepani ma o ka larynx a i ʻole kumu paha i kahi mamao o 10 km.
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o kahi ʻelepani
Ke ʻano a me ka nohona o ka ʻelepani
Elepani ʻāhiu noho i loko o kahi holoholona a 15 mau holoholona, kahi o nā kānaka āpau he wahine a ʻohana wale nō. ʻO ka mea nui i loko o ka pā ka wahine wahine wahine. ʻAʻole hiki i ka ʻelepani ke kū mehameha, he mea nui ia e launa pū me kona mau hoahānau, kūpaʻa lākou i ka pipi a hiki i ka make.
Kōkua a mālama nā lālā o ka lāhui i kekahi i kekahi, hānai i nā keiki me ka lunamanaʻo a pale iā lākou iho i ka makaʻu a kōkua i nā lālā ʻohana nāwaliwali. ʻO nā ʻelepani kāne pinepine nā holoholona mehameha. Noho lākou ma kahi o kekahi hui wahine, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kā lākou hana ʻana i kā lākou holoholona.
Noho nā keiki i kahi hui a 14 mau makahiki. A laila koho lākou: e noho paha i ka pā, a i ʻole e hana i kā lākou ponoʻī. I ka hanana o ka make o kekahi hoa ʻohana, kaumaha loa ka holoholona. Eia hou, mahalo lākou i ka lehu o ko lākou mau hoahānau, ʻaʻole hehi wāwae iā ia, ke hoʻāʻo nei e pahu aku iā ia mai ke ala aku, a ʻike pū i nā iwi o nā hoahānau ma waena o nā koena ʻē aʻe.
Noho nā Elepani ma mua o ʻehā mau hola e hiamoe ana i ka lā. Elepani ʻĀpelika holoholona e hiamoe ana ʻoiai e kū ana. Hoʻopili pū lākou a hilinaʻi kekahi i kekahi. Kau nā ʻelepani kahiko i kā lākou mau tusks nui ma kahi puʻu termite a i ʻole kumulāʻau.
E hiamoe ana nā ʻelepani ʻĀnia ma ka honua. He paʻakikī ka lolo o ka ʻelepani a ʻo ka lua wale ia o nā koholā i ke ʻano. Kaupaona ia ma kahi o 5 kg. I ke aupuni holoholona, he ʻelepani - kekahi o nā lunamakaʻāinana akamai loa o ka holoholona ma ka honua.
Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaopopo iā lākou iho i ke aniani, kahi o nā hōʻailona o ka ʻike pilikino. ʻO nā ʻīlio a me nā ʻāpā wale nō ke kaena i kēia ʻano. Ma waho aʻe, hoʻohana wale nā chimpanzees a me nā ʻelepani i nā pono hana.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā nānā e hiki i kahi ʻelepani India ke hoʻohana i ka lālā lāʻau ma ke ʻano he lele lele. He hoʻomanaʻo maikaʻi loa kā ka ʻelepani. Hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi lākou i nā wahi a lākou i hele ai a me ka poʻe a lākou e launa pū ai.
Mea ʻai
Makemake nā ʻelepa i ka ʻai nui. ʻAi nā ʻelepani i 16 mau hola i ka lā. Pono lākou i 450 kg o nā mea kanu like ʻole i kēlā me kēia lā. Hiki i ka ʻelepani ke inu mai 100 a 300 liters o ka wai i kēlā me kēia lā, ke kaukaʻi ʻia i ka wā.
I ke kiʻi, nā ʻelepani i kahi lua wai
ʻO nā ʻelepani nā mea ulu lāʻau, ʻo kā lākou papaʻai ka aʻa a me ka ʻili o nā kumulāʻau, ka mauʻu, nā hua. Hoʻopiha hou nā holoholona i ka nele o ka paʻakai me ke kōkua o ka licks (paʻakai i hiki mai i ka ʻili o ka honua). I ka pio ʻana, ʻai nā ʻelepa i ka mauʻu a me ka mauʻu.
ʻAʻole loa lākou e hāʻawi i nā ʻāpala, maiʻa, nā kuki a me ka berena. Hiki i ke aloha nui loa i nā mea momona ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia olakino, akā ʻo nā candies o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole ka mea punahele punahele.
Hana hou ka Elephant a me ke ola
I ke kaʻina manawa, ʻaʻole hōʻike pololei ʻia ke kau moʻa no nā ʻelepani. Eia naʻe, ua ʻike ʻia ka piʻi ʻana o ka hānau hānau o nā holoholona i ka wā ua. I loko o ka wā estrus, ka mea i hala ma mua o ʻelua mau lā, hoʻopili ka wahine me kāna mau kāhea i ke kāne no ka male ʻana. Noho lākou ma mua o kekahi mau pule. I kēia manawa, hiki i ka wahine ke neʻe aku mai ka ʻohana kau.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi, hiki i nā ʻelepani kāne ke kāne kāne. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻo ka wahine wahine hoʻokahi wale nō manawa i ka makahiki, a lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o kona hāpai ʻana. Pono nā kāne i nā hoa kolohe ma mua pinepine, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka puka ʻana o nā pilina kāne like.
Ma hope o 22 mau mahina, hānau ʻia hoʻokahi keiki. Hana ʻia ka hānau keiki ma ke alo o nā lālā āpau o ka pā, i mākaukau e kōkua inā pono. Ma hope o ko lākou hopena, hoʻomaka ka ʻohana a pau e hoʻokani, walaʻau a hoʻolaha a hoʻonui.
Ke kaupaona nei nā ʻelepa elepani ma kahi o 70 a 113 kg, ma kahi o 90 cm ke kiʻekiʻe a ʻaʻohe niho ʻole. I ka makahiki ʻelua wale nō lākou e hoʻomohala ai i nā kua waiū liʻiliʻi, a e loli i nā ʻōiwi me nā makahiki.
Pono kahi elepani pēpē hānau hou ma mua o 10 liters o ka waiū umauma i kēlā me kēia lā. A hiki i ʻelua mau makahiki, ʻo ia ka papaʻai nui o ke keiki, a ʻo ka mea ʻuʻuku, hoʻomaka ka pēpē e hānai i nā mea kanu.
Hiki iā lākou ke hānai i nā feces a ko lākou makuahine e kōkua iā lākou e ʻānai maʻalahi i nā lālā a me ka ʻili o nā mea kanu. Mālama mau nā ʻelepani kokoke i ko lākou makuahine, ka mea nāna e pale a aʻo iā ia. A pono ʻoe e aʻo nui: inu i ka wai, neʻe me ka pūʻā a kāohi i ke kumu.
ʻO ka hana kumu kahi hana paʻakikī loa, hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau, hāpai i nā mea, kiʻi ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka wai, aloha i nā ʻohana a pēlā aku. Mālama ka ʻelepani makuahine a me nā lālā o ka pā holoʻokoʻa i nā pēpē mai nā hoʻouka ʻana o ka hyena a me ka liona.
Kūʻokoʻa nā holoholona i ka makahiki ʻeono. Ma 18, hiki i nā wahine ke hānau. He pēpē kā ka wahine wahine ma nā wā o hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia makahiki ʻehā. Ua makua nā kāne i ʻelua mau makahiki ma hope. I ka nahelehele, ʻo ke ola o nā holoholona ma kahi o 70 mau makahiki, i ke pio ʻana - 80 makahiki. ʻO ka ʻelepani kahiko loa, i make i ka makahiki 2003, ua ola i kona mau makahiki he 86.
