Nā moʻo moʻo ʻeleka ʻO nā mea kolo nui i mālama mau ʻia e like me nā holoholona. Aia kekahi mau ʻano ʻokoʻa a me nā hui o nā mea kolo i kapa ʻia ʻo tegu. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o ka home tegus ka ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo tegu, i kapa ʻia he koa nui, nā ʻōiwi o ʻAmelika Hema. He holoholona makemake nui ʻia kēia mau moʻo no ka mea akamai a charismatic lākou.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Tegu
Nui nā loli hoihoi i ka tegu, no laila pono ke nānā aku i nā ʻano like ʻole o kēia mau mea kolo.
- ʻO Tegu ʻeleʻele a me keʻokeʻo tegu (Salvator merianae). Ua hoʻolauna mua ʻia kēia tegu i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka makahiki 1989, i ka wā i lawe mai ai ʻo Bert Langerwerf i ka hopena o ka lā i lawe mai i kekahi mau lāhui mai Argentina, a ua hānai maikaʻi ʻia ʻo ia i ka noho pio ʻana. ʻIke mua ʻia ma ʻAmelika Waena a me ʻAmelika Hema, ua loaʻa i nā kānaka ka ʻili huluhulu a me nā lau ʻeleʻele a me nā keʻokeʻo ma nā wahi o ko lākou kino. ʻO ko lākou ola i ka noho pio ʻana ma waena o 15 a 20 mau makahiki. Ulu lākou ma kahi o 1.5 m i ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi a hiki ke kaupaona ʻia a 16 kg. Hoʻopili kēia ʻano i kekahi ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo chakoan tegu, ka mea i manaʻo ʻia e hōʻike ana i ke kala keʻokeʻo hou aʻe ma ke kino a me ka waha a ʻano ulu nui aʻe. Hoʻopili pū ka ʻano i ka polū, i loaʻa i ke kaulana i nā makahiki i hala iho nei;
- Heʻuʻuku ka liʻiliʻi o ka kala ʻulaʻula a Argentina (Salvator rufescens), akā hoʻonui ʻia ke ʻano o ka moʻo. ʻO nā kāne ʻulaʻula uliuli paʻa, ʻoiai ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā wahine, ʻulaʻula hina. Hiki i kēia mau tegu i nā lōʻihi o a i 1.5 m. Mai ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ʻAtenitina, a mai Paraguay hoʻi. Hōʻike ka mea ʻulaʻula Paraguayan i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona keʻokeʻo i hui ʻia me nā ʻulaʻula. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā squat ma mua o nā kāne ma mua o nā ʻano tegu ʻē aʻe, a me kā lākou mau hoa wahine. Ua loaʻa i ka Tegu ʻulaʻula Argentina ke kaulana no kona waihoʻoluʻu nani, a ʻo kekahi e kapa ʻia nei he "ʻulaʻula" no ka mea ʻo ka ʻulaʻula a lākou e hōʻike nei he ikaika loa ia;
- ʻōiwi ʻo Brazil tegu melemele (Salvator duseni) a ʻaʻole i lawe ʻia mai i United States. He laha nani ia me ka waihoʻoluʻu melemele-gula ikaika a ʻeleʻele ma ka waha a me ke poʻo;
- ʻO Colombian tegu ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo (Tupinambis teguixin). Hele mai kēia tegu mai kahi mahana wela ma mua o ka ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo Argentina. ʻOiai he ʻano ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo like kona, heʻuʻuku ia, e ulu ana a 1.2m ka lōʻihi, a he ʻano maʻalahi ka ʻili o kona ʻili ma mua o ko ka lāhui ʻApelika. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa i ʻike nui ʻia ma waena o nā ʻano ʻeleʻele a me keʻokeʻo ʻelua kahi pālākiō loreal o ka tegu Colombian i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ʻelua ma waena o ka tegu Argentina (nā unahi loreal nā unahi ma waena o ka piko a me ka maka) ʻAʻole lilo ka tegus Colombian he nui e like me ka poʻe Argentina, akā pili kēia i ka mea nona ka mea.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi olaola hou loa ʻo ka ʻĀina ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo kekahi o nā moʻo liʻiliʻi mehana koko a hiki ke loaʻa i nā mahana a 10 ° C.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ke tegu?
He lizards nui, ikaika, akamai ka Tegu i hiki ke ulu a 1.5 m ka lōʻihi a kaupaona ma luna o 9 kg. ʻO ka wahine maʻamau ma kahi o 1 m ka lōʻihi a 2 i ka 4 kg. ʻO ke kāne maʻamau ma kahi o 1.3 m ka lōʻihi a me 3 a 6 kg. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa i kēia lula, me nā tegs i ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka awelika. He nui nā poʻo mānoanoa o Tegu a me nā ʻāʻī "plump" me nā waihona momona. ʻOiai hele pinepine lākou ma nā wāwae ʻehā ke hoʻoweliweli ʻia, hiki nō iā lākou ke holo ma ko lākou mau wāwae hope i mea makaʻu hou.
ʻO Tegus wale nō nā mea kōkua ola me nā apo caudal piha e kūlike me nā apo i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia a me kahi ʻāpana o nā unahi granular e hoʻokaʻawale ana i nā pores femoral mai nā pores ʻōpū. Ua nele lākou i nā unahi kokoke-orbital.
Video: Tegu
Mea leʻaleʻa: poepoe ke ʻano o nā kaupaona Tegu, kahi mea e like me ka uhi ʻia o ka holoholona i nā lei.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kīʻaha mai nā kōkua ʻē aʻe āpau e ka hui ʻana o nā mākala dorsal laulā, hoʻokahi aʻa loreal, kahi ʻāpana o nā unahi granular e hoʻokaʻawale ana i ka femoral mai nā pores o ka hū o ka ʻōpū, a me kahi huelo cylindrical me nā apo piha i hoʻololi ʻia me nā apo i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā ʻaoʻao a me nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ka huelo.
ʻElima mau kuʻemaka o ka tegu, ʻo ka mua ka lōʻihi loa, a ʻo ka lua ka nui ma kahi (i kekahi mau kānaka, ʻane like ka maka o ka maka mua a ʻelua hoʻi i ka lōʻihi). ʻO ka supraocular hope loa e hoʻopili maʻamau me ʻelua cilia. ʻEleʻele pinepine ka ʻaoʻao ventral o ke poʻo o ke kāne i ka wā hānau. ʻO nā flakes i makemake nui ʻia he tuberous, hexagonal a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi. ʻEleʻele paha nā kahakaha transruus i nā kāne makua a i ʻole nā kaha o nā kahawai transverse i nā wahine.
Ma hea e noho ai ʻo Tegu?
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ke tegu?
I ka nahele hihiu, noho ke tegu i nā ʻano wahi like ʻole, e like me ka ululāʻau, savannah, a me nā wahi noho semi-wao akua. ʻAʻole like me kekahi ʻano moʻo ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole lākou i arboreal e like me nā mākua, akā makemake lākou e noho i ka honua. E like me ka nui o nā mea kolo arboreal, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manawa o ka poʻe ʻōpio, ka poʻe māmā, i nā lāʻau, kahi a lākou e palekana ai mai nā mea hoʻomake.
I ka nāhelehele, loaʻa ke kika Argentina ma Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Brazil, a ma kēia manawa ʻo ka wahi ʻo Miami o Florida, ma muli paha o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o nā holoholona i nā holoholona i loko o ka nāhelehele. Noho ka Tegu Wild Argentina ma nā wahi ulu o ka mauʻu. ʻO kā lākou lā ke ala ala, e hele wāwae i kahi mehana, hoʻomehana, a laila e ʻimi holoholona. Hoʻi lākou e hoʻomehana hou aʻe a kōkua i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i kā lākou meaʻai me ka maikaʻi, a laila hoʻi lākou i ko lākou lua, ʻeli i ka lepo e hōʻoluʻolu a hiamoe i ka pō.
Noho ʻia ka Tegu uliuli Argentina ma Brazil, Colombia, La Pampa a me French Guiana, a ua hōʻea nā mea ʻeono mua i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa me kahi lawe mai Colombia. Ua ʻike ka mea hānai i kahi ʻokoʻa i kā lākou kala a me ka ʻili a koho ʻiʻo iā lākou. ʻO ka mea hoihoi, i kēia lā e hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā albinos mai nā ʻano polū.
Ua neʻe aku nei ʻo Tegu i loko o nā kaiaolaola o Florida, a lilo i hoʻokahi o nā lāhui invasive o ka mokuʻāina. Akā ʻaʻole paha lākou he pilikia lōʻihi ma Florida. ʻO kahi noiʻi hou, i paʻi ʻia ma Nature, i hoʻohālikelike i ka hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia o nā laha a ʻike ʻia hiki i kēia mau dinosaur ke hoʻonui i kā lākou laulā ma ʻō aku o nā palena o ka mokuʻāina. E like me nā ʻano mea hoʻouka ʻē aʻe, ua hele mai ke tegu i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ma ke ʻano he holoholona. Ma waena o 2000 a 2015, a i 79,000 ola tegus i lawe ʻia mai i United States - me kahi helu i hōʻike ʻole ʻia o nā laha i ka pio.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi i loaʻa ai ka tegu. E ʻike kāua i ka ʻai a kēia moʻo.
He aha ka ʻai a kegu?
Kiʻi: moʻo ʻo Tegu
ʻO nā manu kegu ʻāhiu a ʻai lākou i nā mea a lākou e ʻike ai: nā manu e pūnana ana ma ka honua a me kā lākou mau hua, nā pūnana o nā ʻiole liʻiliʻi, nā moʻo liʻiliʻi a me nā moʻo, nā rana, nā toads, nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu. No ka tegus e ʻai pono ai ma ka home, pono ʻoe e hāʻawi iā lākou i kahi papaʻai like ʻole. No nā pīpī, pono ka protein i ka lakio / huaʻai pono 4: 1. No nā makahiki, hiki i kēia ke 3: 1, a ʻo ka lakio no ka makua makua hiki i 2: 1.
Mai hānai i ka ʻōlapa me nā ʻakaʻakai (a i ʻole nā kīʻaha i hana ʻia me nā ʻakaʻakai), nā mea kanu, a me nā avocados. Hiki i kēia ke kau i nā pōʻino olakino koʻikoʻi i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, no laila e mālama pono. Ke noʻonoʻo nei e ʻai ka tegu i nā ʻano meaʻai āpau, hiki i ka momona ke kū. Mai hoʻonui nui a kuhikuhi i nā meaʻai e kūpono ʻole iā ʻoe a i kāu lepili. Hoʻololi iki nā lākiōʻai o Tegu me ka makahiki, akā mau nō ke ʻano like.
Pono ka nui o ka hānai e hoʻomaka i nā ʻāpana nahu liʻiliʻi a hoʻonui e pono ai. E haʻi aku kāu ʻōpio iā ʻoe ke piha. Inā ʻai ʻo ia i kāna meaʻai āpau, hāʻawi i nā mea hou aʻe a hoʻomanaʻo e hoʻonui i ka nui āu e hānai pinepine ai i kāu pipi. Pēlā nō, inā haʻalele mau ʻo ia i ka meaʻai, hoʻēmi i ka nui i manaʻo ʻia.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: ʻO Argentina tegu
ʻO Tegu nā mea noho mehameha e hana nui i ka lā a i ʻole diurnal piha. Hoʻolilo lākou i ko lākou manawa i ka huli ʻana i ka lā e hoʻoponopono i ko lākou kino a me ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai. I loko o nā mahina hoʻoilo, komo lākou i kahi mokuʻāina e like me ka hibernation. Hiki ke luku ke iho ka mahana i lalo o kekahi kiko. I loko o ke koena o ka makahiki, he mea hana lākou. Hoʻolilo ʻo Tegu i ka hapa nui o ko lākou manawa ma ka honua a ʻike pinepine ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao a i ʻole nā wahi kūpikipiki ʻē aʻe. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻauʻau a hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa iā lākou iho no nā manawa lōʻihi. Hana nui ʻo Tegu i ka lā. Noho lākou i nā mahina anuanu o ka makahiki i kahi lua a i ʻole ma lalo o ka uhi.
Ua lilo ka tegus ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo ʻo Argentina i mea nui i ka wā i kahi nohona paʻa a koi i ka nānā pono. ʻImi paha kēia mau moʻo nunui i ka nānā ʻana o ke kanaka a ulu nui aʻe ke mālama ʻia i kahi ʻano mālama. I ka manawa e aʻo ai lākou e hilinaʻi iā ʻoe, he hoa aloha kāu no nā makahiki e hiki mai ana. ʻOiai nā ʻōiwi i nā ululāʻau o ʻAmelika Hema a me nā savannah, ke charismatic kūlohelohe o ka tegu - a ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e hiki ke hoʻokō i kekahi pae o ka hoʻoikaika kino home - hoʻolilo ia i holoholona hihiu maikaʻi loa i aloha ʻia e nā aficionados reptile.
He ʻoiaʻiʻo hiki i kēia mau mea kolo ke lilo i mea lawelima ke mālama pinepine ʻia. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki iā lākou ke lilo i pili loa i nā mea nona lākou. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā holoholona unsocialized a i ʻole hana kūpono ʻole ʻia ke lilo i mea hakakā. E like me ka nui o nā holoholona, e hōʻike ka tegu iā ʻoe inā ʻaʻole maikaʻi a hopohopo paha. ʻO nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo, i kapa ʻia he precursors aggression, ma mua o ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana i kahi nahu a i ʻole ka hana hoʻomāinoino. I kekahi mau hihia, ua ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ka tegu hiki iā ia ke nahu ma ka hehi ʻana i kona mau wāwae, ke kuʻi ʻana i kona huelo, a i ʻole ke kani ikaika ʻana.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Ka waha o ka moʻo liʻiliʻi
Hoʻomaka koke ke kau hānau o Tegu ma hope o ka manawa hoʻomaha. ʻO ke kau ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o ka mahina wai mahana, mahana. Kū ka hana hou i ka wā e puka mai nā holoholona mai kā lākou manawa hibernation i ka puna. ʻEkolu mau pule ma hope o ka puka ʻana, hoʻomaka nā kāne e alualu i nā wahine me ka manaʻolana e loaʻa kahi kāne, a ma kahi o ʻumi mau lā wale nō ma hope o kēlā, hoʻomaka nā wahine e kūkulu i nā pūnana. Kaha ke kāne i kāna kumu hānau a hoʻomaka i ka hoʻāʻo e lanakila i ka wahine i hiki iā ia ke male. Hana ʻia ka male ʻana ma kahi o kekahi mau pule, a hoʻomaka ka wahine e kūkulu i kāna pūnana ma kahi o hoʻokahi pule ma hope o ka male ʻana. Nui ʻino nā pūnana, hiki iā lākou ke 1 m ākea a me 0.6-1 m kiʻekiʻe.
Pale nui ka wahine i kāna pūnana a hoʻouka iā ia i nā mea āpau āna i manaʻo ai he hoʻoweliweli. ʻIke ʻia lākou e kuha ka wai i ka pūnana ke maloʻo. Hoʻomoe ka wahine i nā hua he 10 a 70 i ka paʻa, akā ma ka awelika he 30 mau hua. Pili ka manawa hoʻoulu i ka mahana a hiki ke hala ma 40 a 60 mau lā. ʻO ka hānau ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo ʻo Argentina ma ka moku ʻo Miami-Dade a me Hillsboro. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka heluna o South Florida e pili ana i Florida a ke hoʻolaha nei i nā wahi hou. He wahi liʻiliʻi ko Miami-Dade County kahi hānau hānau o keka gula. ʻIke ʻia ka tegu ʻulaʻula ma Florida, akā ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia inā hānau ia.
ʻO ka moʻo ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo Argentina he moʻo koko mehana. ʻAʻole like me nā manu a me nā mea hānai manu, hiki i ka moʻo ke hoʻomalu i kona mahana ma ka wā hānau mai Kepakemapa a Kekemapa. Manaʻo nā biologists ua lawe ʻia kēia mākaukau ma ke ʻano he adaptive e hiki ai i ka moʻo ke pale i nā loli hormonal i ka wā hānau.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o tegu
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ke tegu?
ʻO nā predators nui o tegu:
- cougars;
- nahesa;
- manu ʻaihue.
I ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana, hiki i ka Argentina ke ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo tegu ke hoʻolei i kahi ʻāpana o kāna huelo e hoʻohuli i nā ʻenemi. Na ka evolution, ikaika loa ka huelo, ʻeleʻele a muscular, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i mea kaua e hōʻeha i ka mea hōʻeuʻeu a hōʻeha hoʻi i ka ʻeha. Ma ke ʻano he pale pale, hiki iā lākou ke holo i nā wikiwiki loa.
He holoholona terrestrial ʻo Tegu (lilo lākou i ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola ma ka ʻāina), akā he poʻe ʻauʻau maikaʻi loa lākou. He mea nui ka Tegu i nā kaiaolaola neotropical ma ke ʻano he predators, scavengers a me nā ʻākena hoʻolahalaha hua. Ke ʻimi ʻia nei lākou i nā ʻili a me ka iʻa e nā kaukani a me nā kamaʻāina he mau kumu waiwai nui a me nā loaʻa kālā. Mālama ʻo Tegu iā 1-5% o ka biomass i hōʻiliʻili ʻia e ka lehulehu. Ma ke ʻano haʻahaʻa e like me ka hōʻiliʻili kūloko, hōʻike nā kiʻi i ke kālepa e ʻohi ʻia ana nā moʻo i kahi wikiwiki nui. Ma waena o 1977 a me 2006, aia he 34 miliona mau kānaka i ke kālepa, me nā kāmaʻa cowboy ka huahana hopena nui.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: Ma ka ʻāina pilikino, ʻae ʻia ka poʻe ʻimi holoholona o Florida me ka ʻole o kahi laikini e pepehi i nā moʻo ʻo Tegu inā hana kanaka ʻia Ma nā ʻāina lehulehu, ke hoʻāʻo nei ka mokuʻāina e kāpae i nā moʻo ma o nā pahele.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: moʻo ʻo Tegu
Hoʻolahalaha nui nā moʻo Tegu ma ʻAmelika Hema ma ka hikina o ka Andes a makemake nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana holoholona ola honua. ʻElua mau ʻano i loaʻa ma Florida (USA) - Salvator merianae (Argentina ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo tegu) a me Tupinambis teguixin sensu lato (golden tegu), a me kahi hapakolu, Salvator rufescens (red tegu), i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma laila.
ʻO nā moʻo ʻoi he nui a ʻoi aku paha ka liʻiliʻi o nā kamaʻāina e hoʻohana ana i nā ululāʻau a me nā savannah, piʻi lāʻau, hoʻohuʻu a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kahakai, nā bakau a me nā wahi kanaka i hoʻololi ʻia. Pono ka nui o kā lākou heluna kanaka a kūpaʻa e kākoʻo i ka hōʻiliʻili makahiki o 1.0-1.9 miliona mau kānaka i kēlā me kēia makahiki no kanakolu mau makahiki. Wahi a nā manaʻo like ʻole, he waiwai kaiaola a waiwai nui ʻo ka moʻo. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia kēia ʻano laha, hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ke ʻano he Least Concern e pili ana i kā lākou puʻunaue ʻana, ka nui a me ka nele o nā hōʻailona o ka heluna heluna kanaka.
ʻO ka launa nui loa o kēia mau moʻo me nā kānaka ma o ke kālepa holoholona ʻana. Ma ke ʻano he holoholona hānai, pili pinepine ka tegus a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi. Ma muli o ka hānau maikaʻi ʻana i ka pio, ʻaʻole hōʻiliʻili ke kanaka i kēia mau holoholona i nā nui he nui no ke kālepa holoholona. Kūpaʻa ko lākou heluna hihiu a ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻoweliweli ʻia e nā kānaka.
Tegu ʻO ia kahi kolo kolo nui ʻAmelika Hema e kolo ana no ka ʻohana theid. ʻO kaʻeleʻele o ke kino o ka nui o nā laha ʻeleʻele. Loaʻa i kekahi i nā kaha melemele, ʻulaʻula, a keʻokeʻo paha ma ke kua, ʻoiai he mau laina ākea e holo ana i lalo i ke kino me nā hōʻailona kūlike ʻole ma luna o luna. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Tegu i nā ʻano wahi like ʻole, e like me ka ululāʻau ʻo Amazon, savannas, a me nā nāhelehele ulu lāʻau semi-arid deciduous.
Lā paʻi: 15.01.2020
Lā hou: 09/15/2019 ma 1:17
