ʻO Kobchik - ka manu liʻiliʻi loa i ka ʻohana falcon. No kēia kumu, huikau pinepine ka fawn me nā falcon, akā inā ʻoe e ʻike pū i kēia mau manu, e maopopo koke ka nui o ka fawn liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā falcons. Kupanaha loa kēia manu. Ma waho aʻe o kona liʻiliʻi, loaʻa iā ia kahi papaʻai maʻamau. Ua lawa ia e ʻōlelo ʻo 80% o ka papaʻai o nā keiki kāne he mau kolo nui. Hoʻolaʻa ʻia kēia mea no nā pōpoki kāne. E haʻi kikoʻī ka ʻatikala e pili ana i nā ʻano felines, ko lākou wahi noho, ka hānau a me ka heluna o nā manu.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Kobchik
Ma ke ʻano he papa, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā holoholona wāwae ʻulaʻula i mau makahiki he ʻumi a keu i hala. ʻO nā koena kahiko loa o kahi lunamakaʻāinana o nā felines i loaʻa i Romania i ka wā o ka ʻeli ʻana i ka archaeological a hoʻi lākou i ka makahiki ʻekolu o ka makahiki BC. I loko o nā puke ʻepekema, ua haʻi ʻia ʻo fawn e Karl Linnaeus i ka makahiki 1766. Ma hope o kēlā, ua hoʻololi i ka wehewehe o ka helehelena a me nā ʻano o ka manu i nā manawa he nui, a ʻo ka wehewehe hope loa o nā laha i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hoʻomaka o ka 20 kenekulia.
Video: Kobchik
I ka nui, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka coccyx ma mua o kahi nūnū, akā ʻoi aku ka lokomaikaʻi i ka lele. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka manu mai ka piko o ka huelo a ka nuku ma kahi o 30 kenimika, aia ka ʻēheu i 70 kenimika. ʻAʻoleʻoi aku ke kaumaha o ke kino ma mua o 200 gram. ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻulaʻula kahi manu manu kolohe, he nuku nāwaliwali a pōkole hoʻi ia, ʻaʻole hiki ke pepehi i ka pāʻani nui. Ua haʻi aku nā keiki kāne kāne i ka dimorphism moekolohe. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne a ʻokoʻa i kekahi i kekahi i ke kala plumage.
He hina hina (ʻane ʻeleʻele) o ke kāne me kahi ʻōpū ʻulaʻula. ʻAʻole like ka plumage o ka wahine i ka ʻōkō nani i ke kala. Eia kekahi, he mau kaha hina ma ke kua o ka wahine, a ua hoʻonani ʻia ka ʻōpū me nā hulu ʻokoʻa.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻaʻole hōʻike koke ʻia nā pālule ʻulaʻula. Ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka pūnana, loaʻa i nā kāne ka plumage motley like ma ko lākou ʻōpū a me ko lākou mau wāwae e like me ka wahine. ʻO ka hulu ma nā wāwae a me ka ʻōpū e ʻulaʻula wale nō ma hope o ka manu ʻana o ka manu.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka feline
ʻAʻole nui ka ʻohana feline. I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻelua mau ʻāpana o ka fawn. ʻO ka laha mua he papa me ka ʻulaʻula o ka plumage a me ka ʻōpū ʻulaʻula a me nā wāwae. ʻO ka lua o ka lāhui, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui, loaʻa wale ia ma ka Hikina Hikina a kapa ʻia ʻo ka manu ʻulaʻula kapuaʻi hikina.
ʻOkoʻa ia mai ka ʻīlio ʻulaʻula wāwae Europa i ke kala plumage. He hulu hina hina ko kēia manu, he hulu kiko kikokiko ma ka ʻōpū a me nā pāpālina keʻokeʻo ʻālohilohi. Hōʻike ʻia ka dimorphism moekolohe i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo keʻokeʻo ka ʻaoʻao i loko o ka ʻēheu o nā kāne, ʻoiai hina ka wahine. He ʻāʻī keʻokeʻo ko nā manu ʻōpio, ʻoi aku ka pouli me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā ʻōpio.
Ma nā panalāʻau o ka Lūkia Hui Pū ʻIa, noho ka kobchik hikina i ka Teritori Trans-Baikal a me ka moku ʻo Amur. Hoʻohui ʻia, hānau ia ma Mongolia a me nā wahi hikina o Kina a me Kōlea ʻĀkau. I ka nui a me ka lawena, ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa ka fawn hikina mai kona hoa ʻEulopa.
ʻO nā mea ʻano ʻē o kēia manu me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana i ke ola ma ke pio ʻana a hiki ke mālama ʻia i loko o kahi pā nui. ʻAʻole like me nā mea ʻēheu ʻē aʻe eheu, hana maikaʻi ke keiki kāne male i ke pio ʻana a maʻalahi e maʻa i nā hānai ʻē aʻe. Aia kekahi mau hihia ke aʻo ʻia ka pōpoki wāwae wāwae ʻulaʻula e alualu i nā manu liʻiliʻi a me nā nūnū, a ua hana maikaʻi ka manu i kēia hana.
Ma hea e noho ai ka falcon?
Kiʻi: Kobchik i ka lele ʻana
Nui loa ka nohona o felines. Nui ka manaʻo o nā manu ma waena o ka ʻāina ʻo Eurasia, mai Ukraine a me Polani a i nā kapa o ka muliwai ʻo Lena polar. Hoʻololi maikaʻi ʻia ka manu i ke aniau akahai pakiko, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke kū aʻe i nā hau māmā, makemake e hoʻolilo i ka hoʻoilo i nā ʻāina mehana.
Loaʻa ka helu nui o kēia mau predator liʻiliʻi i nā ʻāina Balkan, ma Kazakhstan a hiki i nā panalāʻau o ka subpolar Urals. Hoʻohui ʻia, he ʻano manu ʻokoʻa, ka ʻulaʻula ʻo Amur, ola i ka Hikina Hikina a maikaʻi loa i ka steppes Daurian. No ko lākou wahi noho, koho nā manu i kahi ākea. ʻO ka hapanui o nā mea āpau, makemake nā felines e noho i nā māla, i ka ululāʻau, a kokoke i nā ʻāina mahiʻai. Eia kekahi, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā manu ma kahi kokoke i nā kahawai, kahi e noho ai nā ʻano mea kolo like ʻole.
ʻO kahi wale nō e noho ʻole ai ka pōpoki kāne ma nā ulu lāʻau nui. Loaʻa kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka hana maikaʻi ʻole o ka falcon a ʻaʻole i hoʻololi ʻia no ka lele ʻana ma waena o nā kumulāʻau. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hopu ʻana i nā mea kolo ma kahi ākea, kahi e hānai ai kēia manu. I ka wā hoʻoilo, neʻe nā kāne kāne i ʻApelika a i ʻole nā ʻaoʻao hema o ʻAsia. Akā ʻaʻole lākou e kūkulu i nā pūnana i nā ʻāina mehana, makemake i ka hānau ma ʻEulopa.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi i loaʻa ai ka pōpoki. E ʻike kāua i kāna ʻai.
He aha ka ʻai a ka pōpoki kāne?
Kiʻi: Manu ʻulaʻula
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, nā ʻelima nunui ka papaʻai nui o nā manu kāne kāne.
Huli ka manu me ka leʻaleʻa:
- ʻūhini;
- butterflies nunui;
- lōlō hihi;
- Zhukov;
- nā pi
Hiki i nā Felines ke hopu i ka lewa, e hopu ana i ka mea pio me ko lākou nuku, a ma ka honua, e hānai ana i nā mea kolo me ko lākou mau wāwae ikaika. ʻIke nui nā falcon liʻiliʻi i ka lewa a hiki ke kiʻi i nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi loa. I ka wā o ka hānai ʻana i nā moa a i ʻole ka hopena o ka pōkole o nā mea kolo, hoʻomaka nā felines e alualu i nā mea momona liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā manu liʻiliʻi. Aia kekahi mau hihia pinepine i ka hopu ʻana o nā manu i nā manu liʻiliʻi, nā manu nūnū, a me nā wagtails, a hopu ʻia hoʻi nā ʻiole a me nā moʻo.
Inā kū ka hemahema, hiki i nā manu kāne ke hānai i ke kino make a ʻai pū i ka meaʻai mai ka papa ʻaina kanaka, akā ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka papaʻai ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ke olakino o nā manu a me ko lākou ola ola. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke kino o ka pōpoki kāne i hoʻolālā ʻia i kahi ala e pono mau ai ka nui o nā protein, i loaʻa i nā pepeke. A inā hoʻomaka ka manu e ʻai i nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe, a laila nele kona kino i ka protein, e hiki ai i nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi.
I nā zoo, ke hakakā nei lākou i kēia pilikia, hoʻohui wau i nā ʻeneka (i loko o nā ʻāpana nui o Madagascar) a me nā huakini vitamina kūikawā me kahi protein i loko o ka meaʻai o nā pōpoki kāne.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Kobchik ma Lūkia
I loko nō o ka nui o ka nui, ʻo ka manu ʻulaʻula ka wāwae he huhū ia, a i kekahi manawa he manu haʻaheo wale. ʻO kēia mau mea ʻānihi ʻēheu diurnal. Hoʻomaka kā lākou hana me nā kukuna mua o ka lā a hoʻopau me ka hōʻea ʻana o ka pouli.
He manu nohona nā alopeke. ʻAʻohe o lākou panalāʻau paʻa, a makemake lākou e noho i nā kolone liʻiliʻi o 10-20 mau kānaka. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i ke kolone o felines ke hōʻea i nā haneli manu. ʻAʻole like me ka falcon maʻamau, manaʻo nui nā keiki kāne kāne i kahi kime, a ʻaʻohe o lākou pilikia kūpilikiʻi e pili ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā wahi huli holoholona.
He manu neʻe ʻo Kobchik. Hoʻi lākou i ko lākou wahi pūnaewele ma ka waena o ʻApelila, a lele i nā ʻāina wela i ka mua o ʻOkakopa. Eia kekahi, ua hana ʻia ka iwi ʻaoʻao o ka ʻohana neʻe i loko o ke kolone, a hui pū nā manu ʻē aʻe iā ia. Hoʻohui ʻia, pono e ʻōlelo ʻia he mau mākua kuleana nui nā pōpoki kāne. A ʻaʻole loa e haʻalele ke kāne i ka wahine e noho ana ma luna o nā hua a hānai keiki paha. E hopu ʻo ia i nā pio e like me ka makemake o ka ʻohana.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: ʻaʻole like me nā lunamakaʻāinana ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana falcon, ʻaʻole makaʻu ka fawn i ka poʻe. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻia lākou i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i ko lākou haku ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki.
He ʻano docile kā ka manu, a hiki ke launa me nā ʻano manu ʻē aʻe. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi, noho pū nā keiki kāne kāne me nā pūʻā bipi nui. Hahai lākou i nā bipi, hopu i nā lele lio a me nā lele.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: hui paʻa o felines
Hoʻomaka ka wā moena i ka waena o Mei. Hoihoi loa ke kaʻina hana hoaaloha. I kēia manawa, lele ka kāne ma luna o ka wahine, e wehewehe ana i nā ʻano ʻakaʻaka i ka lewa. Eia hou, hana ke kani i nā kani kani a hoʻāʻo e hulahula. ʻAʻole kūkulu ʻo Felines i nā pūnana. Ma kahi o lākou, makemake lākou e noho i nā pūnana o haʻi, e hoʻokuke nei i nā manu i kūkulu iā lākou. ʻO ka maʻamau, noho nā mea ʻānehe ʻēheu i nā pūnana o nā muria, nā ʻalalā, nā rook a ʻo nā ʻona hoʻi. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka coccyx ke noho i nā lua o nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā māwae i nā pōhaku.
Mea hoihoi: pili kēia wā hānau hānau me nā pōʻaiapili kūlohelohe. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo nā mea kolo nui (e like me nā dragonflies a me nā ʻūhini) ʻike wale ʻia i ka hopena o ka puna, a me ka ʻole o lākou, ʻaʻole e hānai nā pōpoki kāne i kā lākou keiki.
I ka hapanui o nā hihia, aia he 4-6 mau hua i loko o ka paʻa o nā keiki kāne kāne, kahi a ka wahine a me nā kāne e hoʻopaʻa ʻokoʻa ai. ʻO ke kaʻina hatching ma kahi o 25 mau lā. Ma hope o ka huki ʻana o nā moa, noho mau ka wahine me lākou. ʻO ke kāne hoʻi, hāʻawi i ka meaʻai na ka wahine a me nā keiki. Pono wau e ʻōlelo he ʻai momona loa nā moa a he manawa paʻakikī loa kā ke kāne. No hoʻokahi mahina holoʻokoʻa, hopu ʻo ia i nā mea kolo me nā manawa pōkole a lawe iā lākou i ka pūnana.
Haʻalele nā Chicks i ka pūnana hoʻokahi mahina ma hope o ko lākou hānau ʻana. I ka hopena o ʻAukake (2 mau mahina mai ka lā hānau) kūʻokoʻa loa lākou, a ke hiki mai ka manawa no ka neʻe kau, lele nā pōpoki kāne ʻōpio ma ka pā me nā mākua. Ma ka awelika, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke ola o nā kāne kāne ma kahi o 15 mau makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, i ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana, me ka mālama pono a me ka meaʻai pono, hiki i nā felines ke ola a 25 mau makahiki.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o fawn
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka feline
ʻAʻohe ʻenemi hoʻohiki a ka ʻalopeke i ka nāhelehele. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻehā mau wāwae ʻehā e like me nā ʻalopeke, nā ʻīlio hae, nā ʻīlio hae a i ʻole nā raccoons ʻaʻole e hōʻole e ʻahaʻaina i nā hua manu a ʻai paha i nā keiki ʻōpio, akā hiki ke hoʻopiha ʻia me kēia me ka mea hōʻaiʻē nona iho
Aia ka peculiarity i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā manu ʻo ka manu me kahi ʻōnaehana ulu i ulu nui ʻia, e noho nei i kahi hui. A inā pilikia ka paʻa a nā moa paha, a laila pale nā manu makua i kā lākou ponoʻī.
ʻOiai kahi predator nui ʻaʻole ia e pale aku i ka hoʻouka kaua nui ʻana o nā falcon liʻiliʻi. I loko o nā puke ʻepekema (eia nō naʻe, e like me nā pepa paʻi kiʻi), lawa nā laʻana o ka pehea o kahi hui manu i kipaku aku ai i nā mea ʻino nui e like me ka ʻīlio hae a i ka ʻalopeke mai ko lākou wahi i pūnana ai.
He paʻakikī hoʻi ia i nā mea ʻēheu eheu e like me nā ʻaeto a me nā hawk e hopu i nā felines, e hōʻike ana i nā hana mana o ka waiwai i ka lewa. ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli nui loa i nā manu ke kanaka. ʻO ka mea mua, kī pinepine ʻia nā manu e nā beekeepers. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo hiki i nā keiki kāne kāne ke noho kokoke i nā apiaries nui a luku mau i kēlā me kēia lā i ka pi. ʻO ka lua, ʻo nā pesticides a me nā mea ʻona ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻowawahia nā mea kolo e makaʻu loa i nā manu. ʻIke pinepine nā manu i nā pepeke a maʻi a make a make paha iā lākou iho.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Kobchik
I kēia manawa i ka manawa, hoʻoweliweli ʻia ka heluna kāne kāne. ʻAʻole mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka luku ʻia o nā laha, akā kokoke nā manu i kahi kūlana maʻalahi. ʻAʻole pili ia i ka helu o nā kānaka, akā me ka helu e emi ana ka heluna kanaka. ʻ claimlelo nā ʻepekema-ornithologists aia ma kahi o 50 mau kānaka i Eurasia i kēia manawa. Eia naʻe, ke emi wikiwiki nei ka nui o nā manu. Kani ʻia kekahi mau manu, a kiʻekiʻe loa ka make ma waena o nā manu kani, no laila hōʻike ka makaʻu i ka lehulehu holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO ka pilikia e hoʻopau nā manu i nā mea kolo no ka meaʻai, i mea ʻawahia me nā kemika a me nā pesticides. Hoʻopili kēia mau mea ʻino i ke kino o ka fawn a ma hope o kekahi manawa ke kumu i ka maʻi nui a me ka make ʻana o nā manu. Lawe ʻia nā hana nui e pale a mālama i nā manu. Ma kahi kikoʻī, i loko o kahi mau mālama i loko o nā Ural, ke hana ʻia nei nā wahi hoʻomalu kūikawā, kahi e hoʻohana ʻole ʻia ai nā mea ʻino a hiki i nā manu ke ʻimi palekana loa.
Eia hou, ke holo nei ka hana e hānai manu i ka pio. ʻAʻole like me nā ʻano manu manu ʻē aʻe, maʻalahi nā felines e hoʻomaʻa a hoʻoulu pono i ka pio. Hāʻawi kēia i ka manaʻolana e hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia i kēia ʻano, ʻoiai i loko o nā pā nui.ʻO Kobchik He manu manu ʻokoʻa loa ia e ʻānai wale i nā kolo nui. I kekahi mau ʻāina ʻApelika, ua hoʻomake wale ʻia kēia mau lawaiʻa liʻiliʻi e ʻimi i nā ʻūhini a no laila e palekana a maikaʻi ʻole nā māla mahiʻai. Pono nā kānaka e hana i nā mea āpau e mālama pono i ka heluna manu a hoʻāʻo e hoʻihoʻi i kā lākou helu.
Lā o ka paʻi ʻia: 08.01.
Lā hou: 09/13/2019 ma 17:35
