Lio wahine ʻAlapia manaʻo ʻia ʻo kekahi o nā lio nani loa. ʻO Thoroughbreds o kēia ʻano hānai e ʻimi ʻia e nā mea hoʻohiluhilu he nui a me nā mea hōʻiliʻili o nā lio. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia ʻano i nā ʻano hou aʻe: Siglavi, Coheilan, Hadban, Coheilan-Siglavi. I kēia lā, hānai ʻia nā lio ʻAlapia ma nā ʻāina like ʻole o ka honua. Aia ka World Organization o Arab Horse Breeding, kahi e hoʻohui ai ma mua o 50 mau ʻāina o ka honua.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: lio ʻAlapia
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia kēia laha i ka wā o nā kaua Arab me nā Bedouins. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana ikaika ka poʻe ʻArabia i nā lio i nā kaua. Ma ke ʻano he hopena o kahi ola i kahi wao nahele a me kahi ʻano nohona a me nā papaʻai, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi laha e ʻike ʻia e kona kino liʻiliʻi a me ke kumukānāwai nui. Eia kekahi, manaʻo ʻia kēia ʻano ikaika loa a hiki ke hoʻomohala i ka wikiwiki ʻoiai e holo ana i kahi ala.
No kekahi manawa lōʻihi loa, ua manaʻo ʻia nā lio ʻAlapia ka mea nui a kokoke hoʻi i ka waiwai nui o ka lāhui kūloko. Ua pāpā ʻia ke kānāwai e hana ana i loko e kūʻai aku i nā lio ma nā panalāʻau o nā mokuʻāina ʻē aʻe, a e hele pū me lākou me nā lunamakaʻāinana o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. No ka ʻaihue ʻana i kēia kānāwai, hoʻoweliweli ʻia ka hoʻopaʻi make.
Video: Lio Arabia
Wahi a nā moʻolelo i loko o nā moolelo o ka makahiki, ua hōʻike ʻia nā lunamakaʻāinana mua o kēia lāhui e pili ana i ka wā o nā kau Krusade. Ua ʻokoʻa lākou mai nā mea ʻē aʻe i kā lākou nani a me ka ʻatikala. Ma muli o ko lākou nani, ua hoʻohana nā lāhui he nui iā lākou e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā ʻano lio ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēia lāhui i hāʻawi nui i ka hāʻawi i ka lio o ka honua. Me kona komo pū ʻana, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻano lio hou he nui, a lilo i waiwai a pipiʻi hoʻi.
Loaʻa kēia mau ʻano:
- ʻo ka lāhui Barbary i hoʻomohala ʻia ma Morocco;
- lio holo pono i UK;
- ʻO Andalusian no Sepania mai ʻoe;
- Lipizzan mai ʻAukekulia, etc.
ʻO ka lio ʻAlapia i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā lāhui kahiko loa. Aia kekahi mana i ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka lāhui lio ʻAlapia ka lio o ka ʻAlapia ʻAlapia, i ʻike ʻia e kona ahonui a me ka wikiwiki. ʻO nā ʻōlelo mua loa a nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia laha i loaʻa i ke ʻano o nā kiʻi pōhaku. Maliʻa paha lākou i hoʻi i ka lua o ka millennium BC. ʻO ka nui o kēia mau ʻano lio i loaʻa i ka hana noʻeau o ʻAigupita Kahiko i ka manawa 13-16 mau kenekulia BC.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka lio ʻAlapia
ʻO nā lio o kēia parade kū hoʻokahi he nani loa. Heluhelu ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano o ka nani a me ka lokomaikaʻi. I ko lākou ʻāina hānau mōʻaukala, aia kekahi manaʻoʻiʻo i hana ʻia e ka makani. Kaulana nā lio ʻAlapia no ko lākou kino pōkole a me ke ʻano o ke kino. I kēlā me kēia kanaka o kēia laha, hōʻike ʻia ka dimorphism moekolohe. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne a ʻoi aku ke kaumaha o ke kino ma mua o nā wahine.
Nā ʻano nui o ka lāhui:
- ʻo ka ulu ʻana i ka wā e mae ai nā kāne, he 150-160 mau kenimika, ma nā wahine - 140-150;
- ke kaumaha o ke kino he 450 - 650 kilokilo, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka wahine a me ka makahiki;
- nā lālā lōʻihi, lohi hoʻi;
- ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka ʻāʻī lōʻihi, lokomaikaʻi a lokomaikaʻi hoʻi, i kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo "swan";
- aristocratic, ʻano poʻo poʻo liʻiliʻi.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e hoʻokiʻekiʻe iki ʻia ka huelo o kēia mau lio i luna, a i ka wā o ka holo ʻana e kū pololei ia a lele nani i ka makani. Ma luna o kahi poʻo liʻiliʻi, expressive, ʻike nui ʻia nā maka nui. ʻLelo ʻia ka laina o nā papalina. ʻO ke ʻano o ke poʻo he mea lokomaikaʻi loa, huinahā ka lae. Liʻiliʻi ka pepeiao, kuhikuhi ʻia i luna, paʻa paʻa loa.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Ke nānā ʻia ma ka ʻikepili, ʻike maopopo ʻia ka ʻāpana concave o ke alahaka ihu. ʻAno maʻamau kēia palapala no nā lio ʻAlapia.
Hōʻike ʻia ke kala o nā lio ʻAlapia i nā ʻano ʻekolu: keʻokeʻo, bay a me ka ʻeleʻele. I nā keiki hipa ʻōpio, māmā mau ke kala. Ke ulu a makua, ʻeleʻele ke kala, ʻeleʻele, ʻike ʻia nā kala i momona hou aʻe. Lōʻihi ka mane o ka holoholona, palupalu a ʻoluʻolu loa i ka hoʻopā.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa ke ʻano kikoʻī o ka iwi iwi. Loaʻa iā lākou he 17 mau iwi ʻaoʻao, 5 lumbar a me 16 caudal vertebrae. ʻO nā Lunamakaʻāinana o nā lāhui ʻē aʻe he 18 mau iwi ʻaoʻao, 6 lumbar a me 18 caudal vertebrae.
ʻO nā lio o ka nui waena, he kua a me ka umauma ākea me ka mākeke, hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia i nā kāʻei poʻohiwi. I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka lio ʻAlapia. E ʻike kāua i ka ʻai a kēia lio.
Ma hea e noho ai ka lio ʻAlapia?
Kiʻi: Lio ʻAlapia ʻEleʻele
Hoʻolālā ʻia nā lio ʻAlapia e noho i ka home, a i ʻole i nā mahiʻai kūikawā a me nā hale hana. Ke koi ʻole nei lākou i nā kūlana o ka hoʻopaʻa. No kahi noho ʻoluʻolu, lawa kahi lumi ākea a maloʻo no lākou, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke neʻe manuahi. ʻO ka mea wale nō e pono e nānā i ka loaʻa ʻole o ka pulu. ʻAʻole lākou e ʻae i ka maʻū loa, no ka mea hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka ulu ʻana o nā maʻi like ʻole.
Pono nā hale ʻaʻa a paddocks paha i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO ke kūpono, pono e hana ʻia i mau manawa i ka lā. Pono e hele wāwae i nā lio. Hiki ke hele wāwae i nā lio ʻAlapia i nā ʻāina āpau, koe wale nō ma nā wahi kahi e nui ai ka lepo. Inā he ua, ʻūlū a hoʻolohi i waho, pono ʻoe e hōʻole i ka hele ʻana i kēlā ʻano anilā.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi inā e waiho ʻia nā hale holoholona no nā holoholona ma kahi kaʻawale mai nā ala nui kūloko, nā wahi noho, a me nā wai nui o ka wai. Mālama kēia i nā lio mai ka walaʻau a me ka pulu pono ʻole a hāʻawi i ka ea maoli. Ke hoʻolako ʻia nei i kahi hale paʻa, koi ʻia e nānā kūikawā i ka hoʻonoe wai.
Pono ka papahele e ikaika, mahana a maloʻo. No kēia, pono e hoʻohana i nā mea kūkulu hale kiʻekiʻe a kiʻekiʻe hoʻi. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻeke, mauʻu a i ʻole nā ʻāpana lāʻau i mea moe. Mālama kēia moena i nā lio e ʻoluʻolu a palekana hoʻi i nā kui. ʻO nā hale kiaʻi me nā pākaha ʻaʻole wale ka ākea, akā māmā pū kekahi. Inā pono, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻouka hou i nā kukui uila.
Pono nā pākuʻi e hānai pono a me nā kīʻaha sippy. E noho kaʻawale lākou a hoʻonohonoho i kahi ala e ʻoluʻolu ai nā lio i hiki ke lawe i ka meaʻai a me ka inu. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea hānai 90-100 mau kenimika ma luna o ka papahele. I nā hale lio, pono e hoʻolako i nā lumi pono no ka mālama ʻana i nā lakohana a me ka holoi lio. Pono e kau i kahi peni ma kahi kokoke. Hoʻomaulia ʻia kona ʻāpana ma ka awelika 20-25 mika mika no ka lio.
He aha ka mea e ʻai ai ka lio ʻAlapia?
Kiʻi: ʻano lio lio ʻAlapia
Hāʻawi ʻia ka homeland o nā lio ʻAlapia e kahi aniau wela a me ka maloʻo a me nā lau nahele, he unpretentious loa lākou a ʻaʻole koho i kā lākou koho o ka meaʻai. I ka wā kahiko, hoʻohana nā mea hānai o nā lio ʻAlapia i ka ʻāina hānai e like me kā lākou kumu ʻai nui, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ke ʻano. Hāʻawi ʻia lākou i ka mauʻu a me nā cereala, a me ka waiū kāmelo. Ua lawelawe pinepine ia ma ke ʻano he kumu wai a pani ʻia no ka inu.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻO nā lio ʻAlapia wale nō nā lio i ka honua nona ka kino e hoʻopili i nā momona holoholona.
ʻO ka lako o nā lio o kēia wā he waiwai a he nui nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO ke kumu o ka papaʻai he mauʻu maikaʻi a me ka mauʻu. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka papaʻai e hoʻopili ana i nā cereal, nā mea ʻai, nā huaora vitamin. Pono nā lio e hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he limahana hana ma kahi o 6.5 kg o ka ʻoka i kā lākou papaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā, a me nā huaʻai a me nā hua quail hou.
ʻO ka papa kuhikuhi o ka lio ʻAlapia no kēia lā penei:
- 4.5-5.5 kilogram o nā koho oats, kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe;
- 5-0.7 mau kilokika o ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe, mauʻu i wae ʻia;
- 4-5 kilokika o ka hay alfalfa;
- ma kahi o 1.5 kilokika o ka bran;
- a i kahi kilokilo o ka hua flax i hoʻolapalapa ʻia;
- huaʻai mea kanu.
ʻO nā holoholona i ke olakino maikaʻi loa. E mālama a mālama iā ia, koi ʻia e hoʻopili i nā huaora a me nā mineral i kēlā me kēia lā i ka papaʻai. Paipai ʻia e puʻunaue i ka ration o kēlā me kēia lā i ke ʻano o ka nui o ka meaʻai i ke ahiahi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e lawe i nā holoholona i kahi wai i ke kakahiaka.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: lio ʻAlapia
ʻO nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia laha i kahi ʻike nui i hoʻomohala ʻia. Kaulana pū lākou i ka honua holoʻokoʻa no ko lākou ʻano haʻaheo loa a me ke ʻano ikaika. Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe Zoologists he hoʻopā loa kēia mau lio. Hoʻomanaʻo maikaʻi lākou i nā lawehala i ko lākou koena o ko lākou ola.
Paipai ʻia kēia mau lio no ka poʻe holoholo ʻike a i ʻole ka poʻe i lawa ka ʻike me nā lio. E hoʻolohe wale lākou i nā mea hilinaʻi hilinaʻi e hiki ai ke loaʻa i kahi kokoke iā lākou. Eia nō naʻe, me nā paʻakikī āpau o ke ʻano, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā holoholona e ka kūpaʻa lili a me ke aloha i ko lākou mea nāna.
Hoʻohanohano ʻia nā lio ʻAlapia e ko lākou ʻike a me ka ʻike lahilahi loa o ka honua a puni lākou. Ma o ko lākou ʻano, hōʻike lākou i ka hanohano a me ke ʻano i ka poʻe a me nā holoholona like ʻole. Me ka paʻakikī a me ka haʻaheo, ʻike ʻia nā lio e ko lākou makemake e hoʻoulu i nā manaʻo maikaʻi, ka hauʻoli a me ka mahalo o kā lākou mea nāna lākou.
He kūpaʻa kupaianaha nā lio ʻAlapia. ʻOiai ko lākou kino pōkole, hiki iā lākou ke huakaʻi i kahi ala loa a uhi i nā wahi lōʻihi me ka mea holo. Hiki i kēia mau holoholona kupaianaha ke holo i nā wikiwiki a hiki i 60 km / h.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o kēia mau holoholona i manaʻo ʻia he huhū wikiwiki, ʻano nui a me ka assertiveness. I ka manawa like, ola lākou, nīnau nīnau a pili aloha. Hoʻopili koke lākou i ka mea ʻona a me ka hale ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa. Akamai loa lākou a hiki koke ke hoʻomaopopo i ka mea i manaʻo ʻia no lākou. Eia naʻe, ʻaneʻane hiki ʻole ke koi aku iā lākou e hana i kekahi mea.
Hāʻawi ʻia ka ʻāina hānau o ka lio he mau ʻāina me kahi mehana, wela i ke aniau, maʻalahi ia i nā loli i nā kūlana anilā. Ma waena o nā lio, ʻike ʻia lākou he kenekulia - noho lākou ma ka awelika 28-30 mau makahiki.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Lio ʻArabia ma Lūkia
Hānai ʻia nā lio ʻAlapia i nā ʻāina like ʻole o ka honua. No kēia mea, hoʻohana wale ʻia nā lunamakaʻāinana purebred wale nō o ka laha. Hoʻokaʻawale mau ʻia nā wahine wahine mai ka pipi a mālama ʻia i nā ʻano kaʻawale. I kēia wā, he mea nui ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka papaʻai kaulike i waiwai i nā mea momona momona, nā huaʻai, a me nā huaora a me nā minelala. I ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana, pono ka poʻe lio e nānā pono i ka mālama ʻana i ko lākou lauoho, mane a me nā kui.
ʻO ka manawa hānau ma kahi o 11 mau mahina. I ka trimester mua o ka hāpai keiki, pono ia no nā mākeke e hāhai i kahi papaʻai kikoʻī. Aia i loko o kēia wā e pono ai i ka papaʻai ka nui o ka phosphorous, calcium, protein a me nā huaora. ʻO ka trimester hope loa, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, koi i kahi kaulike, ʻai nui.
Ma kahi kokoke i ka hānau hānau, hoʻomaka ka wahine e nānā i kahi mehameha. Hōʻike kēia e kokoke mai ana ka hola hānau o ka pēpē. Hana ʻia ka hānau keiki i ka pō. ʻO ka pinepine, hoʻomau lākou i ka maʻamau, me ka ʻole o nā pathologies a me nā pilikia a koi ʻole i ke komo o ke kanaka. He mea pono ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia i ka lio a me kāna keiki kāne no nā hola mua ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. Ma hope o 3.5-4 mau hola, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopilikia i ke koena o ka lio a me kāna mau keiki e ʻike pono i nā mea āpau.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ka lio ʻAlapia
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka lio ʻAlapia
Ma muli o ka noho o nā lio i nā kūlana o ka mālama ʻana i nā hale lio, a i ʻole nā mahiʻai, ʻaʻohe o lākou ʻenemi kūlohelohe. ʻO lākou, e like me nā holoholona, prone i kekahi mau maʻi, ʻoiai ke olakino maikaʻi loa. Ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lio ʻAlapia, pono e hoʻopaʻa i nā kūlana o kā lākou mālama ʻana.
Hāʻawi kūlohelohe ʻia nā lio. Ma muli o ka mālama pono ʻole ʻana, hiki iā lākou ke maʻi. I mea e pale a pale aku ai i nā maʻi, pono e hōʻike ʻia nā lio i kahi kauka holoholona i ʻelua mau manawa i ka makahiki.
ʻO nā maʻi maʻamau o nā lio ʻAlapia ka maʻi ʻōpū. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻōnaehana digestive maʻalahi. No laila, pono ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi, ka nui a me ke ʻano o ka lawelawe ʻana i ka meaʻai.
Pono pono e hānai i nā lio wale nō i nā mea kanu hou, kāwili i ka mākaukau mākaukau o nā mana ʻē aʻe i nā mea liʻiliʻi me ka mea kahiko. Pono pono e hoʻonui i ka nui o ka meaʻai i ka lohi. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana mai nā meaʻai liʻiliʻi i nā mea nui aku e pono e hoʻokō lohi.
ʻO ka laminitis ka mea maʻamau - he ʻeha ia i ka lālā ma lalo o ka hoof. Hōʻike ia iā ia iho i kahi ala hele mincing, hōʻole e neʻe a me kahi mahana hānai kiʻekiʻe e pale ai i nā maʻi infectious e like me ka maʻi palū, lichen, rabies, anthrax, pono ka wā ʻana i ka manawa kūpono.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: lio ʻAlapia
I kēia lā, ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli ka lehulehu o ka lio ʻAlapia. Hāpai maikaʻi ʻia ia i nā wahi like ʻole o ka honua. Ma muli o ka makemake ʻole o nā ʻelele o kēia laha i ka meaʻai a me nā ʻano paʻa, hānai ʻia lākou ma kahi o nā wahi āpau.
I ka hopena o ke kenekulia 19, ma ka panalāʻau o Rūsia, aia ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli mau pā mahi lio, i hana ʻia i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā lio Arab pono. Ma kekahi, ua hele aʻa ʻia lākou me nā lunamakaʻāinana o nā ʻano hānau ʻē aʻe, a ʻo kahi hopena i kū mai kahi lāhui hou, nani loa, hanohano.
I ka hoʻomaka o ke kenekulia 20, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi papahana o kahi Book Factory hoʻohui ʻia o nā lio ʻAlapia. Ua manaʻo ʻia kēia puke e hoʻolako i nā helu helu e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻia ʻana o ka lāhui a me nā hopena o ka hoʻohuihui ʻia ʻana me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Eia naʻe, ua hū ke kaua honua mua, a laila ke kaua kīwila. ʻO kēia mau hanana mōʻaukala i hōʻino nui i ka hānau ʻana o nā lio ʻiliʻili.
I 1921 ua hoʻokumu ʻo Tersky i nā hale lio hou a me kahi mahiʻai stud no nā lio ʻAlapia. Ma nā panalāʻau o kēia mea kanu, ua lawe ʻia mai nā lunamakaʻā maoli o kēia laha mai nā ʻāina like ʻole o ka honua: Palani, Sepania, ʻAigupita, ʻEnelani.
Lio wahine ʻAlapia ʻO ia kekahi o nā lāhui nani a kamahaʻo loa o ka honua. ʻO ka poʻe laki e ʻike iā lākou e noho ana ma ka liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi manawa i ko lākou ola e hoʻopiha ʻia me nā naʻau a me ka mahalo. ʻO nā lio Purebred o kēia lāhui, kahi moʻokūʻauhau, hiki ke kūʻai ʻia ma mua o $ 1 miliona, no laila ʻaʻole hiki i nā kānaka āpau ke loaʻa. Pono e hānai ʻia nā ʻano holoholona e nā mākaukau kūpono me ka ʻike a me ka ʻike e pono ai.
Lā paʻi: 12/04/2019
Lā hou: 07.09.2019 ma 19:34
