ʻAneʻane pau ka poʻe i hoʻomaha ma kahakai o kahi loko a kahawai paha e hui pū nalo wai... ʻO kēia pepeke dexterous kahi mea ʻai manuahi aloha ʻole a hoʻouka aku i nā mea ola o ka muliwai. ʻAʻole hōʻike kēia mau nalo i ka huhū i nā kānaka, akā inā manaʻo lākou i kahi hoʻoweliweli iā lākou, hiki iā lākou ke nahu. ʻAʻole weliweli ka nahu o ka mea luʻu i ke ola kanaka, akā ʻeha loa.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: luʻu luu
ʻO ka nīʻau ʻauʻau kahi lunamaka o ka ʻohana o nā iʻa aquatic mai ke ʻano he nui o nā nalo. I ka hōʻuluʻulu, aia ma kahi o 4000 mau ʻano o kēia mau mea, 300 o lākou i loaʻa ma ka panalāʻau o Lūkia. Ua unuhi ʻia ka inoa Latin no ka beetle Dytiscus ma ke ʻano he "luʻu". ʻO ka fossil kahiko loa o kēia kolo i loaʻa i Kazakhstan a no ka Jurassic wā ia.
Wikiō: luʻu luu
ʻO nā ʻano ʻauʻau holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kekahi o nā ʻano hoihoi loa no ke aʻo ʻana.
- ʻo ka beetle palena ka mea ākea ākea a nui loa. Uli ʻeleʻele kona kino me ka palena alani ʻano, ʻālohilohi hoʻi nā wāwae;
- kahi nalo ākea, kahi nalo luʻu - ʻo kāna hiʻohiʻona nui ka nui o nā larvae ma mua o nā mākua a hiki ke ulu a i 6 cm ka lōʻihi;
- ʻoluʻolu ʻole ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā nalo ʻauʻau ākea - mai ka ʻeleʻele i ka ʻeleʻele me kahi aniani ʻōmaʻomaʻo. I kekahi mau ʻāina, ua helu ʻia i ka Buke ʻulaʻula;
- gargle a i ʻole phalarope - liʻiliʻi ia i ka nui, ʻike pinepine ʻia ma Lūkia;
- ʻo ka luʻu luʻu ka lunamakaʻāinana liʻiliʻi loa o nā nalo ʻauʻau. Aia kahi poho a luʻu pālahalaha. Uhi ʻia ke kino o ka mua i nā hulu paʻakikī.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻEli nā ʻelala o nā beetle luʻu i ka meaʻai ma waho o ko lākou kino me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi wai ʻona kuikawa i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka mea pio. Hānai ka larvae i nā mea momona mai loko mai o kahi ʻano i pau.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: he aha ke ʻano o ka nalo
ʻO ka nui o nāʻauʻau mākua, ʻokoʻa paha ke kala e pili ana i ka laha. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kino o nā hiʻohiʻona liʻiliʻi ma mua o 3-4 mm, ua hōʻea nā hiʻohiʻona nui i 4.5-5.5 knm. ʻO ke kino o ka imago he oval a pālahalaha, kahi kūpono no ka neʻe ma lalo o ka wai. Loaʻa i nā lālā hope nā mākala hoʻomohala maikaʻi. Uhi ʻia nā wāwae pālahalaha a me nā wāwae hope me nā huluhulu elima. ʻO ke ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana i ke kolamu wai e like me ka hoe. ʻOi aku ka pōkole o ka wāwae mua a me ka waena ma mua o nā wāwae hope.
ʻO ke kino o ka nalo luʻu he ʻekolu mau ʻāpana: poʻo, umauma, ʻōpū. Paʻa ke poʻo i ka umauma, neʻe a hele i ka ʻōpū me ka ʻole o nā palena maopopo. Ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo ākea a pālahalaha ka nui o nā maka a ʻo kēlā me kēia o lākou he 9000 mau maka maʻamau, mahalo i hiki i ka ʻenekino ke hoʻomaopopo pono i ka neʻe ʻana, nā mea kūpaʻa. Aia i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka nalo nā ʻāpana ʻewalu, i pale ʻia e elytra paʻa.
Aia ka iwi ā ikaika ma hope o ka lehelehe luna. ʻO ka hāmeʻa waha he ʻano gnawing, hoʻolālā ʻia ka iwi ā no ka hopu ʻana a me ka nau māmā ʻana. ʻO ka lālā o ka honi kahi ʻumiʻumi lōʻihi i haʻi ʻia o 11 mau ʻāpana. Hanu nā nalo luʻu me ke kōkua o nā lua kūikawā i kū ma ka ʻōpū. ʻO kahi ʻōnaehana tracheal paʻakikī e hoʻomālamalama mai nā ʻulaʻula, a aia he ʻeke ʻeke i ka umauma. E ka unclenching a kaomi ʻana i ka ʻōpū, hana ka nalo wai i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ea i ka trachea.
ʻO ke kino o nā larva o ka nalo luʻu ʻeleʻele, melemele, hina, i kekahi manawa uhi ʻia ke kino me kahi kumu. ʻAno like nā nalo ʻōpiopio me nā moʻo huelo ʻiwi. Pālahalaha ʻia ko lākou poʻo, ʻekolu mau ʻāpana o ka umauma, a ʻo ka ʻōpū he 8 mau ʻāpana. ʻAʻole hāmama ka waha a komo ka meaʻai ma ka ā ā. ʻO ke kino ākea e hele mālie i ka hopena ma hope, kahi e loaʻa ai nā cerci, nā iwi kuamoʻo, a me nā setae.
Ma hea e noho ai ka nalo ʻauʻau?
Kiʻi: luʻu luʻu i ka wai
Ua pālahalaha ka poʻe Swimmers a puni ka honua; loaʻa lākou ma ʻEulopa, ʻAsia, ma luna o kahi ʻāina nui mai Sakhalin a i ka Moana ʻAkelanika, a me ʻApelika ʻākau. Makemake nā luʻu luʻu i nā waihona wai me ka wai hou, kahi e hele ʻole ai ke au a nāwaliwali paha ia. Loaʻa lākou i ka nui i loko o nā loko iʻa me ka wai kūkaʻi, pua pua, nā wai nui.
Hoʻolālā ka beetle i ka hapa nui o ka manawa ma lalo o ka wai, akā hiki nō iā ia ke lele - inā pono, hele nā kolo i mau mile he ʻumi. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, koi ʻia nā beetles ma ia mau lele ʻana e ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana o ka waihona wai a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi o ka meaʻai. I kekahi manawa hiki iā lākou ke lele i loko o nā loko wai pilikino, nā loko iʻa e hānai ʻia ai nā mea hoʻonani a me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe.
Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopau loa i ka pā a me nā mea ola ʻē aʻe i loko o kahi waihona i hana ʻia. He mea paʻakikī paha ke kipaku iā lākou mai kā lākou wahi punahele. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki ke kōkua wale i ka disinfection piha o ka lalo o ka waihona wai a me ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana o kāna poʻe kamaʻāina.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Ke aʻa maikaʻi nei ka beetle luʻu i loko o nā aquarium. Hiki ke hoʻohana i kaʻiʻo i meaʻai, ʻoki mua ʻia i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi. E uhi pono i ka aquarium me kahi uhi, no ka mea hiki ke lele maʻalahi nā kolo. ʻO ke kumu nui ʻaʻole hiki ke waiho i nā nalo i loko o ka ipu like me nā iʻa like ʻole.
He aha ka ʻai a ka nalo wai?
Kiʻi: Pīʻī luʻu wai
He ʻaihue huhū nā ʻauʻau. ʻAʻohe ʻai ka poʻe mākua i ke kalaiwa, ua ʻoi aku ka makemake o lākou i ka waiwai pio e kūʻē.
ʻO ka papaʻai nui o nāʻauʻau:
- nā mea kolo a me kā lākou larvae, nīnū, tadpoles, iʻa iʻa;
- newts, rana, iʻa liʻiliʻi.
ʻAʻole hoihoi ka Beetles i ka limu, piha loa lākou i kaʻi. Inā nui kēia mau mea kolo i loko o ka waihona wai, a laila i loko o kahi manawa pōkole hiki iā lākou ke luku i nā iʻa āpau, ke hoʻouka nei i kāna pā i nā hui nui. ʻIke ʻo Beetles i kahi kulu liʻiliʻi o ke koko ma kahi mamao o ʻumi mau mika a holo wikiwiki i kēia wahi. Nānā lākou i ka meaʻai ma ka kolamu wai wale nō, kākaʻikahi ka hele ʻana i ka ʻāina.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻAi nui ka poʻe ʻauʻauʻau. I kekahi manawa ua ʻai nui lākou a ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke piʻi aʻe i luna o ka waihona. I mea e hōʻemi ai i ke kaumaha o ke kino a lana i luna, regurgitates ka nalo luʻu i nā mea āpau i ʻai ʻia, hoʻopau loa i nā ʻōpū a me kahi goiter kūikawā. Ke loaʻa he limu ma kahi kokoke, piʻi mālie ia i ka ʻili o ka waihona wai me lākou.
ʻAno iki ka Larvae o nā beetle luʻu mai ka poʻe mākua i ko lākou ʻano predatory. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻouka i nā iʻa nui, ʻeha loa ke nahu inā hāʻule lākou i ka lima o ke kanaka. ʻĀwīwī ko lākou ʻāʻī, e like me nā sabers
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Pīlū luʻu beetle
ʻOi aku ka māmā o ke kino o nāʻauʻau ma mua o ka wai a, inā ʻaʻole lākou e ʻai nui, a laila piʻi maʻalahi i luna. Nui ka hana e iho i lalo. Ma ka lalo o ka waihona wai, ma luna o ka limu, paʻa ʻia nā beetles e nā lou kūikawā ma nā lālā mua.
Huli ʻino kēia mau mea kolo i ka pō. Inā ʻaʻole māʻona nā ʻano nohona o ka waihona iā lākou, a laila hele lākou e ʻimi i kahi home ʻē aʻe a hiki ke huakaʻi i kahi mamao. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka huakaʻi, haʻalele loa ke kanaka makua i kona ʻōpū a laila hoʻopiha i nā ʻeke ea. ʻO ka hemo ʻana wale nō i nā mea kūpono ʻole a hoʻēmi ʻana i ke kaupaona, hemo ka nalo luʻu. I ka wā o ka lele ʻana i ka pō, haki nā beetle he nui i nā papa aniani o nā kaupaku a me nā paia o nā hale, ke kuhi hewa lākou he kino wai.
Noho ka hapa nui o nā ʻauʻau i ka hoʻoilo i ka lepo a hūnā paha i nā māwae i ka ʻili lāʻau. ʻO kekahi mau mea kolo i hibernate i ka pae hua manu, ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe i ke ʻano o nā larvae. Noho kekahi mau mākua i ka wai a ʻauʻau a hiki i ka paʻa ʻana o ka hau. Ke kau ka hau, lele nā mea kolo i loko o ka silt a hiki i ka puna.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: E hoʻopihapiha i nā hale kūʻai oxygen, lana lana ka nalo i luna a kūlia i kona ʻōpū ma luna o ka wai. Pono i kahi beetle makua e hoʻokō i kēia kaʻina hana i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 15 mau minuke. Hoʻohana ʻia ka ea e nā beetles ʻaʻole wale no ka hanu ʻana, akā no ka kaohi ʻana i ka piʻi a me ka iho.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: luʻu luʻu i ka loko iʻa
Ma hope koke iho o ka hibernation, hoʻomaka ka hua o ka luʻu luʻu. ʻAʻole nānā nā kāne ma hope o nā wahine, koho lākou i kahi kūpono kūpono iā lākou iho a hoʻouka wale iā ia, hopu iā ia me kā lākou mau wāwae mua, a hoʻomaka koke ka male ʻana. Hana ʻia ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa ma lalo o ka wai. I hoʻokahi manawa, hiki i ka wahine ke hui me nā kāne a make kekahi o lākou i ka hanu ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o ka manawa kūpono e hoʻopiha hou i nā mālama wai. Aia nā kāne i kēia manawa ma luna o ka wai.
Ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke kaʻina hana moʻo, hoʻomoe nā wahine i nā hua i loko o ka limu, ma mua o ke ʻō ʻana i kā lākou mauʻiʻo me ka ovipositor. I hoʻokahi kau, waiho ka wahine i ka 1-1.5 tausani hua manu. Ma hope o 10-12 mau lā, ʻike ʻia ka larvae. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ke aniau, hiki ke kaʻina i hoʻokahi mahina.
Ulu wikiwiki nā larvae nīnū. ʻAʻau maikaʻi lākou, hiki ke hanu i ka ea lewa, e like me nā mākua, akā no kēia mea hōʻike lākou i ka hope o ke kino. Nui a nani nā larvae, a me nā nalo makua, he poʻe aloha aloha aloha ʻole lākou. ʻO kā lākou meaʻai mua: roe iʻa, larvae o nā dragonflies, nā lele caddis, nā makika.
Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hāʻule, haʻalele ka larva o nāʻauʻau i nā waihona wai a kolo i waho o ke kahakai, kahi a lākou e kūkulu ai iā lākou iho i nā pēpē mai ka lepo a me nā mea kanu. I loko o ia puʻuhonua, pupate lākou. Ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina, ʻike ʻia nā mākua. I ka wā mua keʻokeʻo a palupalu lākou e like me ka pupae, akā i loko o kekahi mau hola e paʻakikī ko lākou ʻili a pouli hoʻi.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ka nalo wai
Kiʻi: he aha ke ʻano o ka nalo
Noho ka imago o ka nalo ʻauʻau i ka awelika no 1-2 mau makahiki. I loko o ko lākou ola pōkole, hiki i kēia mau mea ke hoʻopōʻino nui i ke kaiaolaola o ka wai, nā mahiʻai iʻa. Inā ʻaʻole no nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka beetle predatory, he paʻakikī loa ka kaohi ʻana i kāna helu.
Hiki ke alualu ʻia nā nalo beʻe e:
- ʻano iʻa nui;
- kekahi manu, a me nā limu like ʻole hoʻi a pau;
- nā māmela e noho ana i nā kino wai.
Inā loaʻa ka makaʻu, hiki i nā ʻauʻauʻau ke hoʻomohala koke i kahi huna keʻokeʻo kūikawā me kahi ʻala pungent, kahi e hoʻoweliweli aku ai i kekahi mau mea ʻino e hoʻoholo e ʻahaʻaina iā lākou. No kēia kumu, ʻaʻole nui ka poʻe e makemake e hoʻouka iā ia.
He ʻenemi kūlohelohe ka ʻenuhe ʻoka o nā larva beetle predatory. E ʻimi pono nā wahine o nā parasites i nā larvae o nā nalo luʻu e kahi ʻala kūikawā a hoʻomoe i kā lākou mau hua i loko o ko lākou mau kino, a laila hānai a pupate pono i loko o nā larvae. I ko lākou ulu ʻana, make ke keiki ʻauʻau ʻōpio.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻO ka beetle predator, ʻoiai kona liʻiliʻi, hiki iā ia ke kāohi i ka mea pio, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻekolu mau manawa ka nui ma mua o ka predator ponoʻī. Inā ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi kanaka ke hoʻomanawanui i ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia, a laila holo ʻē aʻe nā nalo e kōkua iā lākou - makemake lākou e like me ka piranhas e honi i ke koko i ke kolamu wai.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: luʻu luu
I nā helu o nā ʻāina ʻApelika, aia ma lalo o ka pale ka malu o ka beetle luʻu beetle, no ka mea, ua emi nui kāna helu ma muli o nā loli o nā kūlana noho maoli. Ma nā panalāʻau o ʻEulopa, Lūkia, ʻike ʻia ke ʻano kuʻuna ʻē aʻe - ke kiaʻi ʻia nei ka lehulehu o ka beetle predatory i mea e pale aku ai i ka piʻi nui ʻana o kāna helu.
Luku nā mea holoi i ka nui i ka iʻa o nā ʻano iʻa like ʻole, nā mea kolo ʻē aʻe a me nā mea kolo i loko o ka waihona hoʻokahi me lākou, a laila hoʻopilikia i ke kaulike kūlohelohe, e hōʻino nui ana i nā mahiʻai iʻa. ʻO ka weliweli o kēia nalo ka hiki iā ia ke lele i kahi mamao i ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi home hou, ke lawa ʻole ka meaʻai ma ka wahi kahiko, a laila noho i nā ʻāina hou.
Ke lawa ʻole nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe e kaohi ai i ka helu o nā beetle predatory, hiki ke hoʻouka ʻia kekahi mau ʻano iʻa i loko o ka waihona wai a ʻai i nā larva o nā nalo ʻauʻau. I nā hihia nui loa, hoʻohana ʻia nā haku mele kūikawā e mālama ai i ka lalo mai nā larvae, akā pili wale kēia i nā waihona hana hana liʻiliʻi. I kekahi manawa ua lawa ia no ka hoʻolako ʻana i kahi punawai uuku a i ʻole ka wailele, kahi e kōkua ai i ka neʻe ʻana o ka wai, a haʻalele koke nā beetles i kēia wahi ʻoluʻolu nona.
ʻEtiwi wai - he mea hahai holoholona. Ua hāʻawi ke kūlohelohe i kēia mau mea ola me nā mea āpau e pono ai no kēia. ʻIke ʻia lākou he mau mea ʻino a wiwo ʻole hoʻi, hoʻohālikelike pinepine ʻia lākou i nā ʻeke piranhas, e luku maoli nei i nā mea āpau i ko lākou ala. ʻOiai kēia, hoihoi loa e nānā iā lākou i ko lākou wahi maoli, e hāhai i kā lākou alualu wikiwiki ʻana.
Ka lā paʻi: 03.10.2019
Lā hou: 11.11.2019 ma 12:18
