Salemona ʻākala no nā makahiki he nui he mea lawaiʻa koʻikoʻi ia, lawe i nā kūlana alakaʻi e pili ana i ka hopu hopu i waena o nā salmon āpau. Loaʻa i ka ʻono maikaʻi loa, nā ʻano meaʻai o ka ʻiʻo a me ka caviar, hui ʻia me ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, ke koi mau ʻia kēia ʻano iʻa i ka mākeke meaʻai honua.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: ʻoniʻoni salemona
ʻO Pink salmon kahi ʻano maʻamau o ka ʻohana salemona, ʻike ʻia e kona liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a kiʻekiʻe i ka wai anuanu o nā moana a me nā kai. E pili ana i ka iʻa anadrobic, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e ka hana hou ʻana i nā wai hou, a noho i ke kai. Ua loaʻa ka inoa ʻo Pink salmon ma muli o ka puʻu ʻano ʻē ma ka hope o nā kāne, i hana ʻia me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā e lawaiʻa ana.
Video: salemona ʻulaʻula
ʻO ka kūpuna mua loa o ko kēia lā salmon a pink i ka nui a like me ka hina hina wai i noho i ke kai anuanu o ʻAmelika Hema ma mua o 50 miliona mau makahiki i hala. ʻO nā makahiki he ʻumi miliona i hala aʻe nei, ʻaʻole ia i waiho i nā koina o ka ulu ʻana o kēia ʻano salmonid. Akā i ke kai kahiko i ka manawa mai 24 a 5 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua loaʻa nā lunamaka o nā salmonid āpau e kū nei i kēia lā, e like me ka salmon poni.
Mea hoihoi: ʻO nā ʻōpio salemona ʻāpiki āpau he wahine wahine i ka wā hānau, a ma mua wale o ka ʻolokaʻa ʻana i ke kai, hoʻololi ka hapalua o kā lākou moekolohe i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā ala e hakakā ai no ke ola, kahi i kū ai i kēia ʻano iʻa. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā wahine ma muli o ke ʻano o ka meaola, ma muli o kēia "hoʻololi" e ola ka nui o nā larva a hiki i ka manawa o ka neʻe.
I kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka iʻa salemona ʻākala. E ʻike kāua i kona wahi e noho ai a me kāna mea e ʻai ai.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: he aha ke ʻano o ka salemona ʻāpana?
ʻO ka salmon Pink kahi kino elongated kino, ʻano o nā salmonid āpau, kaomi iki ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO ke poʻo conical liʻiliʻi me nā maka liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai ʻo ke poʻo o nā kāne he ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka wahine. ʻO nā ā, nā iwi ʻelua a me nā iwi palatine, a me ka mea wehe o ka salemona ʻākala i uhi ʻia me nā niho liʻiliʻi. Hāʻule maʻalahi nā unahi i ka papa o ke kino, liʻiliʻi loa.
ʻO ke kua o ka salmon ākea moana, he ʻulaʻula ʻōmaʻomaʻo kona, ʻōmaʻomaʻo nā ʻaoʻao o ke kupapaʻu, keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū. I ka hoʻi ʻana i ka kahua e hoʻomāū ai, ua hina hina ka salemoni ʻāhinahina, a loaʻa i ka ʻaoʻao lalo o ke kino kahi melemele a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha, a ʻike ʻia nā kikoʻeleʻele. Ma mua koke o ka hānau ʻana, pouli nui ke kala, a ʻaneʻane ʻeleʻele ke poʻo.
ʻAʻole i loli ke ʻano o ke kino o nā wahine, ʻoiai ke hoʻololi nui nei nā kāne i ko lākou helehelena.
- hooloihiia ke poo;
- ʻike ʻia he mau niho nui ma ka ʻiwi elongated;
- ulu hump ma hope o ke kua.
ʻO ka salmon Pink, e like me nā lālā āpau o ka ʻohana salemona, kahi fin adipose aia ma waena o ka fin dorsal a me caudal fin. ʻO ke kaupaona kaumaha o ka salemona ʻākala makua ma kahi o 2.5 kg a ʻo ka lōʻihi ma kahi o ka hapalua mika. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui loa he 7 kg me ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 750 cm.
Nā hiʻohiʻona hiwahiwa o ka salemona ʻākala:
- ʻaʻohe niho o kēia ʻano salemona ma ke alelo;
- keʻokeʻo ka waha a aia nā kiko oval ʻōuli i ke kua;
- ʻo ka huelo huelo he V.
Ma hea e noho ai ka salemona ʻalalā?
Kiʻi: Mākala i loko o ka wai
ʻIke ʻia nā salmon Pink i nā helu he nui ma ka Moana Pākīpika ʻĀkau:
- ma ke kahakai 'Ākia - mai ke kowa Bering a hiki i Peter the Great Gulf;
- ma ke kahakai ʻAmelika - i ke kapikala o Kaleponi.
Noho kēia ʻano salemona ma kahakai o Alaska, ma ka Moana Arctic. Aia nā salemona ʻākala ma Kamchatka, nā mokupuni Kuril, Anadyr, ke kai o Okhotsk, Sakhalin a pēlā aku. Loaʻa ia ma Indigirka, nā haʻahaʻa o ke Kolyma a hiki i Verkhne-Kolymsk, ʻaʻole ia e komo i ke kiʻekiʻe o Amur, a ʻaʻole i Ussuri. Noho nā pūʻā puaʻa salmon ʻāpana nui loa ma ka pūnaewele o ka Moana Pākīpika, kahi e hui pū ʻia ai nā pūʻā ʻAmelika a me ʻAsia i ka wā e hānai ana. ʻIke ʻia ka salmon Pink a hiki i loko o ka wai o nā Lakes Nui, kahi i loaʻa hewa ai kahi poʻe liʻiliʻi.
Hoʻolilo wale ka salmon Pink i hoʻokahi kau kau a me ka hoʻoilo i ke kai, a i ka waena o ke kauwela ʻelua e hele i nā kahawai no ka lawaiʻa ʻana ma hope. ʻO ka poʻe nui ka mea mua e haʻalele i ka wai o ke kai; ke hele mālie, i ka wā o ka neʻe ʻana, ua emi ka nui o nā iʻa. Ua hōʻea nā wahine i ka pūnaewele iʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā kāne, a i ka hopena o ʻAukake ka neʻe ʻana o ka salmon poni, a hoʻi wale i ke kai.
Mea hoihoi: ʻO ka lālā hoʻohiwahiwa loa o ka ʻohana salemona kahiko ka "salemona toothed tober" i kaupaona ʻia, ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua keneta keneta a ma kahi o 3 mika ka lōʻihi a he ʻelima mau kenimika tusks. ʻOiai kona helehelena paʻakikī a me ka nui kupaianaha, ʻaʻole ia he predator, a he ʻāpana wale nō nā ʻāʻī o ka "ʻaʻahu mare".
ʻIno nui ka salmon Pink i nā wai anuanu me nā mahana mai 5 a 15 mau kekelē, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi loa - ma kahi o 10 kekelē. Inā piʻi ka mahana a 25 a ʻoi paha, make ka salemona ʻākala.
He aha ka ʻai a ka salemona ʻākala?
Kiʻi: iʻa salemona ʻulaʻula
ʻAi ikaika nā mākua i nā hui nunui o plankton, nekton. I nā wahi hohonu o ka wai, komo ka ʻai i nā iʻa ʻōpio, nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, e like me nā heleuma, heʻe. Ma kahi kokoke i ka plume, hiki i ka salemona ʻāpala ke hoʻololi loa i ka hānai ʻana i nā larvae o nā invertebrates benthic a me nā iʻa. Ma mua pono o ka hānai ʻana, nalowale ka hānai reflexes i ka iʻa, hoʻopau loa ʻia ka ʻōnaehana digestive, akā, ʻoiai naʻe, aia nō ka reflex grasping reflex, no laila, i kēia wā hiki ke kūleʻa ka lawaiʻa ʻana me ka lāʻau wili.
Mea hoihoi: Ua ʻike ʻia i loko o nā makahiki he nui ma Kamchatka a me Amur, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka salona ʻākala ma mua o nā ʻano ʻē. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o nā kānaka he kaupaona o 1.4-2 kg a ʻo ka lōʻihi ma kahi o 40 cm.
Hānai nui nā holoholona ʻōpio i nā meaola like ʻole e noho nui ana ma ka lalo o nā waihona wai, a ma plankton hoʻi. Ma hope o ka waiho ʻana i ka muliwai i loko o ke kai, lilo ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i kumu o ka hānai ʻana i nā ʻōpio. Ke ulu nei nā holoholona ʻōpio, neʻe lākou i nā lunamaka nui o zooplankton, iʻa liʻiliʻi. ʻOiai ko lākou liʻiliʻi i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ko lākou poʻe hoahānau, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana o ka salemona ʻāpana. I ke kau kau mua, ua hōʻea kekahi ʻōpio i ka nui o 20-25 mau kenimika.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Ma muli o ka waiwai kalepa nui o ka salmon poni, i ka waena o ke kenekulia iwakālua, ua hoʻāʻo ʻia kekahi mau mea e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kēia ʻano salemona i nā kahawai ma kahakai ʻo Murmansk, akā pau lākou i ka holo pono ʻole.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: ʻoniʻoni salemona
ʻAʻole nakinaki ʻia ka salemona ʻāpana i kahi wahi kikoʻī; hiki iā lākou ke neʻe i mau mile he mau mile mai ko lākou wahi hānau. Hoʻohui ʻia kona ola a pau i ke kāhea o ka hānau ʻana. Pōkole ka makahiki iʻa - ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua mau makahiki a kū mau ia mai ke ʻano o ka palai a ka mua a hope hoʻi i ka ola. ʻO nā kapa muliwai, kahi e komo ai ka salemona ʻākala no ka lawaiʻa ʻana, hānai maoli ʻia me nā kupapaʻu o nā mākua make.
ʻOiai he iʻa neʻe anadrobic, nā momona momona salemona i loko o ka wai o ke kai, kai a komo i nā kahawai no ka hoʻoulu ʻana. ʻO kahi laʻana, ma Amur, hoʻomaka ka salmon ʻāpō e ʻauʻau koke ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka hau, a i ka hapalua o Iune ke ʻano o ka muliwai me ka nui o nā kānaka. ʻO ka nui o nā kāne i ka ʻohana e hiki mai ana ma luna o nā wahine.
ʻAʻole lōʻihi a lōʻihi hoʻi ka neʻe ʻana o nā salemona salemona me nā chum salmon. Kū lākou mai Iune a ʻAukake, ʻoiai ʻaʻole piʻi kiʻekiʻe nā iʻa ma ka muliwai, makemake e waiho ʻia ma ke kahawai, i nā wahi me nā ʻiliʻili nui a me ka neʻe ikaika loa o ka wai. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lawaiʻa ʻana, make nā mea hana.
ʻO nā salmonida āpau, ma ke ʻano he rula, he "hoʻokele" kūlohelohe maikaʻi loa a hiki iā lākou ke hoʻi i ko lākou wai maoli me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻole. ʻAʻole i laki ka salmon Pink i kēia ʻano - maikaʻi ʻole hoʻomohala ʻia kā lākou radar kūlohelohe a no kēia kumu i kekahi manawa lawe ʻia i nā wahi kūpono ʻole no ka lawaiʻa ʻana a ola paha. I kekahi manawa e holo ka nui o ka ʻohana i loko o hoʻokahi kahawai, e hoʻopihapiha ana iā ia me ko lākou mau kino, ka mea kūlohelohe ʻole i ke kaʻina hana nūhou maʻamau.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Ke kīnohi nei i ka salemona ʻākala
Hoʻomoe ka caviar salmon Pink i nā ʻāpana i kahi lua-i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma mua o ka waihona. ʻEli ʻo ia iā ia me ke kōkua o ka huelo o ka huelo a kanu iā ia me ia, ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hānau ʻana a me ka momona. I ka huina, hiki i hoʻokahi wahine ke hana mai 1000 a 2500 mau hua. I ka manawa o kahi ʻāpana o nā hua i loko o ka pūnana, momona ke kāne iā ia. Aia mau nā kāne hou i ka muliwai ma mua o nā wahine, pili kēia i ka pono o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o nā hua i hoʻoulu ʻia e kahi kāne hou i mea e hele ai i ka code genetic a hoʻokō i kāna mikiona ola.
Hatch ka larvae i Nowemapa a i ʻole Kekemapa, ʻoi iki ka lohi o ka hana a lohi ʻia a Ianuali. I loko o ka lepo, hānai lākou i nā waihona o ka ʻeke yolk, a i Mei wale nō, e waiho ana i ka puʻu ʻōpū, kahe ka palai i ke kai. Make ma mua o ka hapalua o ka hua ʻai i kēia huakaʻi, a lilo i pio na nā iʻa a me nā manu ʻē aʻe. I loko o kēia wā, he kala monochromatic kālā ko ka ʻōpio a me ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 3 kenimika wale nō.
Haʻalele i ka muliwai, hoʻāʻo ka salmon fry i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka Moana Pākīpika a noho ma laila a hiki i ʻAukake e hiki mai ana, no laila, ʻelua mau makahiki ke ola o kēia ʻano iʻa, a no laila ke kumu o ka loli ʻana o ʻelua mau makahiki i ka nui o kēia ʻano salemona. ʻO ke oʻo moekolohe i kēlā me kēia kanaka o ka salmon ʻākala aia wale nō i ka makahiki ʻelua o ke ola.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka salemona ʻākala
Kiʻi: Salemona ʻāhinahina wahine
I ke kaiapuni kūlohelohe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻenemi o ka salona ʻākala.
- luku ʻia ka caviar i nā nui he nui e nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, e like me char, hina hina;
- manu kai, ʻāhiu ʻāhiu, ʻaʻole iʻa iʻa iʻa i ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻai.
- ʻo nā mākua he ʻāpana o ka papaʻai maʻamau o ka belugas, nā sila, a me ka manō kauʻu;
- ma nā kahua spawning ʻai ʻia lākou e nā bea, nā otter, nā manu lele.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Ua ʻoi aku ma mua o 37 ka pākēneka o ko nā honua i loaʻa nā salmon Pakipika mai ka salemona ʻākala. ʻO ka hopu ʻana o ka honua i kēia ʻano iʻa i ke kanawalukumamāiwa o ke kenekulia i hala he averika 240 tausani tona i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO ka mahele o ka salmon poni i ka lawaiʻa salemona āpau ma ka USSR ma kahi o 80 pākēneka.
Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻenemi, he mau hoʻokūkū kūlohelohe ka ʻāpana salmon a pink i hiki ke lawe i kekahi o nā meaʻai e kamaʻāina i nā iʻa salemona. Ma lalo o kekahi o nā mea kuʻikahi, hiki i ka salemona poni ponoʻī ke hoʻemi i ka heluna kanaka o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā manu. Ua ʻike ka poʻe Zoologists i ka loulou ma waena o ka heluna nui o ka salemona ʻākala i loko o ka Moana Pākīpika ʻĀkau a me ka emi ʻana o ka nui o nā ʻaila liʻiliʻi i ka hema o ka moana. Hoʻopaʻa kēia mau laha no ka meaʻai ma ka ʻākau, kahi e hibernate ai nā ʻaila. No laila, i ka makahiki ke ulu ka heluna nui o ka salmon poni, ʻaʻole loaʻa i nā manu ka nui o ka meaʻai i makemake ʻia, a ma muli o kā lākou make i ko lākou hoʻi ʻana i ka hema.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: he aha ke ʻano o ka salemona ʻāpana?
I ko lākou nohona kūlohelohe, aia kekahi mau hanana fluctuations nui i ka helu o ka salemona ʻākala. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine kēia hana ma muli o ke ʻano pōʻaiapuni kūikawā o ko lākou ola; ʻaʻohe hopena o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe i ka heluna kanaka o kēia ʻano salemona. ʻAʻohe hopohopo o ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka salemona ʻākala, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka mea nui o ka lawaiʻa. Kūleʻa ke kūlana o nā ʻano.
I ke kūkulu ʻākau o ka Moana Pākīpika, ua pāpālua ka heluna salemona ʻāpana (i nā makahiki o kona piko, e pili ana i ka pōʻaiapuni) i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kanahiku o ke kenekulia i hala. ʻAʻole wale kēia i hoʻohuli ʻia e ka ulu kūlohelohe, akā i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā hua mai nā incubators. ʻO nā mahiʻai me ka pōʻaiapuni piha o ka mahi ʻana i nā salemona ʻālani ʻaʻole i kēia manawa, a ʻoi aku ka waiwai o ia no ka mea kūʻai hope.
Mea hoihoi: ua ʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema Kanada ʻo ke kokoke o ka wahi e hoʻomālamalama ai i nā salmon ʻāhiu ʻāhiu me nā mahiʻai no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā iʻa salemona, ke kumu o ka pōʻino nui i ka heluna maoli o ka salemona ʻākala. ʻO ke kumu o ka make nui ʻana o nā holoholona ʻōpio ʻo ka makika salemona kūikawā, a ka mea i ʻānai ʻia mai nā lālā ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana i ko lākou neʻe ʻana i ke kai. Inā ʻaʻole e loli ke kūlana, a laila i loko o ʻehā mau makahiki aia wale nō ka 1 pakeneka o ka heluna hihiu o kēia ʻano salemona e noho i kēia mau wahi.
Salemona ʻākala - ʻaʻole ia he momona a ʻono hoʻi, e like me ka nui o nā kamaʻāina e ʻike nei i kēia iʻa, e hui ana ia ma nā papa o nā hale kūʻai iʻa, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea āpau, he mea hoihoi hoihoi ka salona ʻākala me kāna ala ponoʻī o ke ola a me nā ʻano lawena, ke kumu nui o ia mea e ukali i ke kāhea o ka hoʻohua ʻana, lanakila nā mea kūpina āpau.
Lā paʻi: 08/11/2019
Lā hou: 09/29/2019 ma 18:06
