ʻO ka ʻoihana a puni ka honua, a me kēlā me kēia mea makemake i nā lole i hana ʻia mai nā lole kūlohelohe, he poʻe ipo a me nā mea kūʻai ikaika o kahi huahana kūlohelohe - silika maoli. Inā 'aʻole ʻūlū silika, ʻaʻole mākou e ʻike he aha ke silika. ʻAʻole hiki ke noʻonoʻo i kahi mea ʻoi aku ka ʻoluʻolu a me ka leʻaleʻa i ka hoʻopā a me ke ʻano pīhoihoi e komo ai i ke ʻano o ka pale lole mākaukau.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Silkworm
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka hana silika e hoʻohana ana i nā silkworms mai ka wā Yangshao (ma kahi o 5000 BC). ʻOiai ʻo ka nui o ka manawa i hala mai ia manawa, ʻaʻole i loli nā mea maʻamau o ke kaʻina hana a hiki i kēia lā. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka honua, loaʻa i ka silkworm ka inoa Bombyx mori (Latin), ʻo ia hoʻi "make silika".
Video: ʻAilana Silika
ʻAʻole kūpono kēia inoa. Ua ala aʻe ia no ka mea ʻo ka hana nui i ka hana silikena ka pale ʻana i nā butterflies mai ka lele ʻana mai ka cocoon, i mea e pale aku ai i ka hōʻino ʻana i ka pae silika e paʻa ana iā ia. No kēia kumu, pepehi ʻia nā pupae i loko o nā cocoons e ka hoʻomehana ʻana iā lākou i nā mahana wela.
Mea hoihoi: ʻO nā pupae make i waiho ʻia ma hope o ka hemo ʻana i ka pae silika nā huahana meaʻai, waiwai nui i kā lākou waiwai pono.
He butterfly ka silkworm mai ka ʻohana silkworm ʻoiaʻiʻo. ʻOiai ke alo o nā ʻeheu me kahi lōʻihi o 40-60 mm, no kahi manawa lōʻihi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hana silika, poina iā ia ke ʻano o ka lele ʻana. ʻAʻole lele iki nā wahine, a lele pōkole nā kāne i ke kau moʻo.
Hōʻike ka inoa i ka nohona o kēia mau ʻano ʻūlū - nā kumulāʻau mulberry, a i ʻole mulberry, e like me kā lākou e kapa mau ʻia nei i ko mākou ʻāina. ʻO nā momona momona a momona hoʻi, e like me nā blackberry, ʻoluʻolu ʻia e nā mea he nui, akā ʻo nā lau o kēia mau kumulāʻau ka meaʻai o ka silkworm. ʻAi nā larvae iā lākou i nā mea he nui, a hana lākou ia mea a puni ka uaki, me ka ʻole o ke keakea ʻia a hiki i ka pō. Ma kahi kokoke, hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe i kahi kani ʻano nui o kēia kaʻina.
Hoʻomaka ka puppet, nā ʻenuhe silkworm e ulana i kahi cocoon me kahi pae silika lahilahi mau loa. Hiki ke keʻokeʻo, a i ʻole hiki ke loaʻa i nā aka ʻokoʻa - ʻulaʻula, melemele a ʻōmaʻomaʻo hoʻi. Akā i ka hana silika o kēia manawa, he mau cocoons keʻokeʻo i manaʻo ʻia he waiwai, no laila, ʻo nā ʻano hānau wale nō e hana i ke kaula silika keʻokeʻo e hoʻohana ʻia i ka hānau ʻana.
Mea hoihoi: No ka mea he huahana protein ka filina silikino kūlohelohe, hiki iā ia ke hoʻoheheʻe ma lalo o ka mana o nā mea hoʻowali kemikā ikaika. Pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo i ka mālama ʻana i nā huahana i hana ʻia mai ke silika maoli.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: butterfly silkworm
Ma waho, ʻano maʻalahi ʻole ka silkworm, ke nānā aku nei ka mākua me kahi moth maʻamau a moth nui paha. Nui nā ʻeheu o kona hina a i ʻole keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo me nā ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele "hihi". ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kino o ka silkworm, uhi paʻa ʻia me kahi papa mānoanoa o ka villi māmā a mahele ʻia i ʻike ʻia i nā ʻāpana transversal. Ma ke poʻo aia kekahi mau antennae lōʻihi, e like me nā ʻāpana ʻelua.
Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ke ola o ka silkworm, a laila pono e hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā ʻāhiu hihiu a me nā ʻano holoholona. I ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana, ʻaʻole e ola ka ʻūlū silika i ke kahua o ka hoʻokumu pepe a make i ka cocoon.
Mālama kona mau hoahānau hihiu i ke ola i nā ʻehā ʻehā o ke ʻano o nā ʻano pepelu o kēlā me kēia ʻano:
- hua moa;
- ʻenuhe (silkworm);
- pēpē;
- butterfly.
Liʻiliʻi loa ka larva e puka mai ana mai ka hua manu mai, aia ma kahi o ʻekolu mau mile ka lōʻihi. Akā ke hoʻomaka ʻo ia e ʻai i nā lau o ka lāʻau mulberry, e hana mau ana i ke ao a me ka pō, e hoʻonui iki i ka nui. I kekahi mau lā o kona ola, loaʻa i ka larva ka manawa e ola ai ʻehā mau molts a lilo i mea ʻenuhe waihoʻoluʻu momi nani loa. ʻO kona kino ma kahi o 8 knm ka lōʻihi, ma kahi o 1 cm ka mānoanoa, a he 3-5 mau kaumaha o ke kanaka makua. Nui ka poʻo o ka ʻenuhe, me ʻelua mau ʻāʻī o nā ā iwi i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia. Akā ʻo kāna hiʻohiʻona nui ke kū o nā glands kūikawā, e pau me ka wehe i ka waha, kahi e hoʻokuʻu ai i kahi kahe kūikawā.
Mea hoihoi: Ma muli o ka ikaika lua ʻole o ka pae siliki kūlohelohe, hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka hana ʻana i nā mea kaua o ke kino.
Ma ka launa ʻana me ka ea, paʻa kēia wai a lilo i ke ʻano kilika kaulana a kū hoʻokahi hoʻi, i waiwai nui ʻia i ka hana silika. No nā ʻenuhe silkworm, lawelawe kēia pae i mea no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā ʻoka. Hele mai nā Cocoons i nā nui ʻokoʻa - mai 1 a 6 cm, a me nā ʻano like ʻole - puni, ʻōwili, me nā alahaka. ʻO ke keʻokeʻo o nā cocoons ke keʻokeʻo pinepine, akā hiki ke loaʻa nā pale kala - mai ka melemele-gula a i ka poni.
I kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka butterfly a me ka ʻenuhe silkworm. E nānā kāua i kahi e noho ai ka ʻūlū silika.
Ma hea e noho ai ka ʻūlū silika?
Kiʻi: Silkworm ma Lūkia
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Kina kahi hānau o ka silkworm o kēia au. Aia i ka manawa 3000 BC. ua noho ʻia kona ulu ulu mulberry e kekahi ʻano holoholona hihiu o ka nāhele kolo. Ma hope iho, ua hoʻomaka ʻia kāna hana ʻohana a me ka hāʻawi ʻana ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Kina a ma ka hema o ka Teritori Primorsky o Lūkia, ke noho mau nei nā ʻano ʻāhiu ʻāhiu hihiu, mai laila mai, hoʻomaka paha ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā laha i ka honua holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO ke ʻano o ka silkworm i kēia lā no ka ulu ʻana o ka hana silika. No ke kumu o ka puʻunaue ʻana, ua lawe ʻia mai nā ʻeneke i nā wahi he nui me kahi aniau kūpono. No laila, i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 3 AD Noho ʻia nā kolone silkworm ma India, a neʻe iki i Europe a me ke Kaiwaenahonua.
No ka noho ʻoluʻolu a me ka hana ʻana o ka pae silika, pono i ka silkworm i kekahi mau ʻano o ke anilā, me ka hana ʻole o ka insect i ka hana nui i hoʻopau ʻia e nā silkworms - ʻaʻole ia he cocoons a ʻaʻole pupate. No laila, ʻo kona wahi noho kahi mau me kahi mehana a me ke ʻano haʻahaʻa o ke aniau, me ka loli ʻole o ka mahana, me ka nui o nā mea kanu, a ʻo ia hoʻi, nā kumulāʻau mulberry, ʻo nā lau ka meaʻai nui o ka silkworm.
Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Kina a me ʻInia nā wahi nui o ka silkworm. Hana lākou i 60% o ka silika o ka honua. Akā mahalo i kēia, ua lilo ka mahiʻai silkworm i hoʻokahi o nā ʻoihana nui i ka hoʻokele waiwai o nā ʻāina ʻē he nui, i kēia lā e noho ana nā kolone silkworm ma nā wahi o Kōlea, Iāpana, Brazil, a ma ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa lākou i laha ʻia i kekahi mau wahi o Lūkia, Palani a me Italia.
He aha ka ʻai o ka ʻūlū silika?
Kiʻi: Nā niu o kahi ʻulu ʻulu silika
ʻLelo ka inoa i ka papaʻai nui o ka silkworm. Mālama wale ʻia ia i nā lau o kahi kumulāʻau, a i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka mulberry a me ka pulu. ʻIke ʻia nā ʻano ʻumikūmāhiku o kēia mea kanu, i hoʻokaʻawale wale ʻia i nā anilā mehana - nā wahi subtropical o Eurasia, ʻApelika a me ʻAmelika Hema.
He capricious ka mea kanu, ulu wale ia i nā kūlana ʻoluʻolu. Ke hua mai nei kona mau ʻano āpau, he mau huaʻono momona e like me nā blackberry a i ʻole nā raspberry ʻāhiu. Kūleʻa nā hua i ke kala - keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula a ʻeleʻele. ʻO nā hua ʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula hoʻi ka ʻala maikaʻi loa; hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i ka kuke ʻana no ka hana ʻana i nā mea ʻono a me nā mea i hoʻomoʻa ʻia, a hana lākou i ka waina, vodka-mulberry a me nā mea inu momona e pili ana iā lākou.
Ke mahi ākea ʻia nā mulberry keʻokeʻo a me nāʻeleʻele no ke kumu o ka hana silika. Akā ʻaʻole hoihoi nā hua o kēia mau lāʻau i ka silkworm; hānai wale ia i nā lau mulberry hou. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, noho nui ʻia nā ulu mulberry me kēia ʻenekia. Mālama nā mea hana silikina e makemake e kiʻi i ka nui o nā cocoons siliki i nā mea kanu o kēia mea kanu, mālama iā lākou, e hana ana i nā kūlana hōʻoluʻolu no ka ulu ʻana - kahi lawa kūpono o ka wai a me ka pale mai ka lā wela.
Ma nā māla silika, hoʻolako mau ʻia nā ʻanuʻu silkworm me nā lau mulberry hou i wāwahi ʻia. ʻAi mau lākou, i ke ao a me ka pō. I loko o ka lumi kahi e waiho ai nā pallets me nā kolone o nā ʻūlū, aia kahi ʻano e hāwele mai nā ʻāpana hana a me ka crunching o nā lau mulberry. Mai kēia mau lau, loaʻa i nā ʻūlū lika nā mea pono āpau no ka hana kope ʻana i kahi pae silika waiwai.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: ʻenuhe silkworm
ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kenekulia he mau kenekulia i haʻalele i kahi ala i ke ala o ke ola o ka silkworm. Ua manaʻo ʻia i ka wanaʻao o ko lākou helehelena, ua hiki i nā poʻe hihiu ke lele lele, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ke kū ʻana o nā ʻeheu nunui i kēia ʻano pepelu, i hiki ke hāpai i ke kino o ka silkworm i ka lewa a hoʻololi iā ia i kahi mamao loa.
Eia nō naʻe, ma lalo o nā kūlana o ka hana ʻōpua, ua poina i nā kolo pehea e lele ai. Loaʻa kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole ola ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i ka pae butterfly. Pepehi ka poʻe hana silika i ka larvae ma hope koke o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka cocoon i ʻole e hōʻino ka butterfly haʻalele iā ia i ka pae siliki makamae. I ke kūlohelohe, hiki ke ola nā butterfly silkworm, akā ua pili pū kekahi i nā loli evolutionary iā lākou. ʻEleu iki ka hana a nā kāne, a lele pōkole i ka wā o ka moena.
Mea hoihoi: Hiki i nā wahine silkworm ke ola i ko lākou ola pōkole holoʻokoʻa - ma kahi o 12 mau lā - me ka hana ʻole ʻana i hoʻokahi pale o ko lākou mau ʻeheu.
Aia he hōʻike e ʻai ʻole nā ʻio ʻio silika makua. ʻAʻole like me ke ʻano o ke kaʻapuni o ke ola - ka ʻenuhe, nona ka ʻāʻī ikaika a hoʻopau mau i ka meaʻai - he hāmeʻa waha waha ko nā butterflies a ʻaʻole hiki ke wili i nā meaʻai māmā loa.
No ka lōʻihi o ka manawa o ka hana ʻōpala, ua "molowa" loa nā mea kolo, ua lilo ia paʻakikī iā lākou e ola me ka mālama ʻole ʻia a me ka mālama ʻana o nā kānaka. ʻAʻole hoʻāʻo ka ʻūlū silika e ʻimi i ka meaʻai na lākou iho, ke kali nei no ka hānai ʻia ʻana, me ka lau mulberry ʻoki maikaʻi. I ke kūlohelohe, ʻoi aku ka hana a nā ʻenuhe, ʻike ʻia ia me ka nele o ka meaʻai maʻamau, hānai lākou i nā lau o nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe i kekahi manawa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka wili silikina i hana ʻia mai ia papaʻai i hoʻohui ʻia ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa a me ka coarser, a ʻaʻohe waiwai iki i ka hana silika.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Silkworm
ʻO ka silkworm kahi pepeke i hoʻopili ʻia e kope a loaʻa iā ia ke ʻano like o ke ola e like me ka hapanui o nā butterflies. I kēia manawa, hānai ʻia nā ʻano he nui ona. Hānau kekahi i kahi keiki i hoʻokahi manawa wale nō i ka makahiki, ʻo kekahi - ʻelua mau manawa, akā aia kekahi e hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i nā paʻa i nā manawa he nui i ka makahiki.
I ka wā o ka male ʻana, ʻoi aku ka ʻeleu o nā kāne a hana i nā lele pōkole, kahi mea maʻamau ʻole iā lākou i nā manawa maʻamau. I ke kūlohelohe, hiki i kahi kāne ke hoʻohua i nā wahine. Ma nā māla ʻimi hoʻopunipuni, me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kau moʻo, hoʻonoho nā mea hana ʻume silkworm i nā ʻeke i hoʻopili ʻia i loko o nā ʻeke ʻokoʻa a kali i 3-4 mau lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana a hiki i ka wā e hoʻomoe ai ka wahine i nā hua. I ka paʻa ʻana o nā silkworms, ma ka awelika, mai 300 a i 800 mau hua. ʻO kā lākou helu a me ka nui e pili ana i ka laha o ka ʻelima, a me ka wā o ka hatching o ka ʻenuhe. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā huahana silkworms i makemake nui ʻia ma waena o nā mea hoʻoulu silkworm.
I mea e hatch ai ka ilo mai ka hua manu mai, pono ke anawela ma kahi o 23-25 kekelē a me kona ʻano haʻahaʻa. I ka hana silika, hana ʻia kēia ʻano e nā limahana o nā incubator, ʻoiai ma ke ʻano maoli, koi ʻia nā hua manu kau e kali no nā kūlana maikaʻi no kekahi mau lā. Hatch nā hua skwkwā i nā larva liʻiliʻi (a i ʻole nā ʻūlū silika) ma kahi o 3 mm ka nui, me kahi kala ʻeleʻele a melemele paha. Mai ka manawa o ko lākou hānau ʻana, hoʻomaka ka larvae e ʻai, a ulu aʻe ko lākou makemake i kēlā me kēia lā. I hoʻokahi lā ma hope mai, hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i pālua ka nui o nā meaʻai e like me ka lā ma mua. ʻAʻole he mea kupanaha, me ka nui o ka papaʻai, ulu koke nā larvae i loko o nā ʻenuhe.
I ka lā ʻelima o ke ola, hoʻopau ka larva i ka ʻai ʻana a me ka hau ʻole me ka neʻe ʻole, no laila i ke kakahiaka aʻe, hoʻopololei me kahi neʻe ʻoi loa, hoʻokahe i kona ʻili mua. A laila lawe hou ʻo ia i ka meaʻai, me ke omo ʻana me ka makemake nui i nā lā ʻehā e hiki mai ana, a hiki i ke kaʻina moulting aʻe. Hoʻomaʻa hou ʻia kēia hana i ʻehā mau manawa. A ʻo kahi hopena, lilo ka larva ʻūlū silhouorm i loko o kahi ʻenuhe nani loa me ka ʻili waihoʻoluʻu momi. I ka hopena o ke kaʻina molting, ua hana mua ʻo ia i mea hana no ka hana o ka pae silika. Mākaukau ka ʻenuhe no kēia anuu e hiki mai ana - ma ka ʻōwili ʻana i kahi cocoon siliki.
I kēia manawa ua lilo kona makemake a hōʻole iki e ʻai pū. Ke hoʻopiha nei kona mau ʻāpana huna silika i ka wai, i hūnā ʻia i waho a ma nā wahi āpau e kau ai i kahi wī lahilahi ma hope o ka ʻenuhe. Hoʻomaka ka ʻenuhe i ka hana pupation. ʻIke ʻo ia i kahi lālā liʻiliʻi, wili i kahi papa no ka cocoon ma luna ona, kolo i loko o kona kikowaena a hoʻomaka e wili i kahi kaula a puni iā ia, e hana ikaika nei me kona poʻo.
ʻO ke kaʻina pupation he ʻehā awelika ka awelika. I kēia manawa, hiki i ka ʻenuhe ke hoʻohana mai 800 m a 1.5 km o ke kaula silika. Pau ka hana ʻana i ka cocoon, hiamoe ka ʻenuhe i loko ona a lilo i pupa. Ma hope o ʻekolu mau pule, lilo ka pupa i butterfly a mākaukau e puka aʻe mai ke kōpena. Akā he mau āwaliwali loa ko ka butterfly silkworm e ʻūlū i ka lua o ka cocoon e puka i waho. No laila, hūnā ʻia kahi wai kūikawā i loko o kāna lua waha, ka mea, e hoʻomaʻū ana i nā paia o ka cocoon, ʻai iā lākou, e hoʻokuʻu ana i ke ala no ka lele ʻana o ka butterfly.
I kēia hihia, hoʻohaunaele ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka pae silika a me ka hoʻohuli ʻole ʻia ʻana o nā cocoons ma hope o ka lele ʻana o ka butterfly a lilo i hana nui a maikaʻi ʻole. No laila, ma nā mahiʻai silkworm, hoʻopau ʻia ke ola o ka silkworm i ka wā pupation. Hōʻike ka hapa nui o nā cocoons i nā mahana wela (ma kahi o 100 kekelē), kahi e make ai ka larva i loko. Akā ʻo ka cocoon, ʻo ia nō ka pae silina ʻoi loa, paʻa mau.
Haʻalele nā mea hana silk i kekahi mau kānaka e ola nei no ke kumu o kā lākou hana hou ʻana. A ʻo nā larvae make i waiho ʻia ma hope o ka hemo ʻana o nā cocoons e ʻai koke ʻia e ka poʻe noho o Kina a me Korea. Pau ka pōʻaiapuni ola maoli o ka silkworm me ka helehelena o kahi butterfly, kahi, i kekahi mau lā ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka cocoon, mākaukau e hana kope.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ka silkworm
Kiʻi: butterflies Silkworm
I ka nahelehele, like nā ʻenemi o ka ʻūheu silika me nā ʻano ʻelala ʻē aʻe:
- manu;
- nā holoholona insectivorous;
- ʻenemi parasite;
- maʻi ʻino
ʻO nā manu a me nā insectivores, mōakāka ke kiʻi me lākou - ʻai lākou i nā ʻenuhe ʻelua a me nā butterfly silkworm makua. ʻO ka nui nui o nā mea ʻelua he mea lawaiʻa nani.
Akā aia kekahi mau ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka silkworm, ka mea i ʻoi aku ka sophisticated a hana i nā mea i hōʻino ʻia i kāna mau lehulehu. Ma waena o nā mea kolo parasite, ʻo ka mea weliweli loa no ka silkworm ka hedgehog a i ʻole tahina (ʻohana Tachinidae). Hoʻomoe ka hedgehog wahine i nā hua ma ke kino a i ʻole ma loko o ka silkworm, a ulu ka larvae o ka parasite i loko o kona kino, a alakaʻi i ka pepeke i ka make. Inā hiki i ka silkworm maʻi ke ola, hoʻopuka hou ia i nā keiki i loaʻa i ka maʻi.
ʻO kekahi mea hoʻoweliweli weliweli i ka silkworm ka maʻi pebrin, i kumu ʻia e kahi pathogen i ʻike ʻepekema ʻia e like me Nosema bombycis. Lawe ʻia ka maʻi mai kahi mākua maʻi i kāna larva a hiki i ko lākou make. He hoʻoweliweli maoli ʻo Perbina i ka hana silika. Akā ua aʻo nā mea hānai silkworm o kēia au e hana maikaʻi me kāna pathogen, a me nā pepeke parasite e hoʻoweliweli i nā mea moʻomeheu.
Mea hoihoi: I kona ʻano kūlohelohe, koi ʻia ka ʻume sil silika e kūʻē i nā ʻenemi nona iho. ʻIke ʻia nā anuhe i hoʻopīpī ʻia me nā parasites e hoʻomaka e ʻai i nā mea kanu me nā alkaloid ʻona. He hopena luku kēia mau mea i nā larvae o nā parasites, e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻenuhe maʻi i loaʻa ka manawa kūpono e ola ai.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Nā niu o kahi ʻulu ʻulu silika
ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka silkworm i ka nohona kūlohelohe, a me ka ʻoluʻolu o kona wahi noho, no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mea hānai hānai - ka lāʻau mulberry. I nā wahi nui o kona ulu ʻana - ma Kina a me Iāpana, i ʻEulopa a me ʻInia - nui ka heluna o nā ʻupala.
I ka hoʻāʻo e loaʻa ka huahana nui o ka hana silkworm - silika kūlohelohe - hoʻāʻo ka poʻe e mālama i nā kūlana maikaʻi no ke ola o ka pepeke. Ke hana ʻia nei nā wahi pale a me nā wahi laʻa, hoʻopiha mau ʻia ka helu o nā māla lāʻau mulberry, a hāʻawi ʻia ka mālama kūpono o nā mea kanu.
Mālama nā māla silika i kahi mahana mahana a me ka mahana, pono no ka hoʻomohala piha ʻana o nā silkworms a me ka hana ʻana o nā mea maka silika kiʻekiʻe. Hāʻawi kahi kanaka i nā mea kolo me ka meaʻai mau i ke ʻano o nā lau mulberry, pale iā lākou mai nā maʻi a me nā parasites, no laila ke pale nei i kahi hōʻemi nui o nā helu.
Ke hana mau nei nā ʻepekema e hoʻomohala i nā ʻano hou o ka silkworm, ka mea hiki ke hoʻohana a hana pono hoʻi. Hāʻawi ʻia i kēia hopohopo kanaka, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha i ka nui o ka nui o nā heluna inseka i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka poʻe e noho ana i ka nāhelehele. Akā ʻaʻole hōʻike iki kēia i ka hoʻoweliweli o ka luku ʻia o kēia laha. ʻO ia wale nō ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻume sil silika mai kona ʻano maoli ma lalo o ka mālama a ke kanaka. ʻOi aku ka hopohopo o nā mea hana silika e pili ana i ke kūlana o ka heluna insect ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe. A, me ka luku nui ʻia o ka silhouorm pupa ma nā ʻano hana, hana hou ʻia ka helu o nā kānaka a hoʻonui ʻia.
Ka pae silika e hoʻopuka ʻūlū silika, he mau waiwai kūikawā. ʻAneʻane ʻewalu manawa ʻoi aku ka lahilahi ma mua o ka lauoho o ke kanaka a paʻa loa. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o kēlā ʻano kaula i hoʻokahi cocoon insect ke hōʻea i hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua kilomita, a ʻo nā lole i loaʻa ma luna o ke kumu he mea kahaha loa i ka hoʻopā, nani a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi e komo. Ma muli o kēia mea, ʻo ka silkworm ka mea nui no nā mea hana silika i nā ʻāina he nui, e lawe ana iā lākou i ka loaʻa kālā he nui.
Lā paʻi: 17.07.2019
Lā hou: 25.09.2019 ma 20:58
