Ke hoʻomaka nei i ka wā puna, hoʻāʻo ka poʻe e hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa ma ke kūlohelohe, kokoke i nā kahawai a me nā kino wai. Ka ea maʻemaʻe, ʻōhumu o ka wai, lā - he hopena maikaʻi kēia a pau i ke olakino, ke ʻano a me ke olakino. ʻO kekahi hua hoʻohui o ia ʻano leʻaleʻa ka manawa kūpono e ʻike maikaʻi ai i nā holoholona kū hoʻokahi. Eia kekahi, kēia strider wai, ka mea i kapa ʻia he pulu wai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia mau pepeke a me ko lākou nohona i kēia paʻi ʻana.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Strider wai
ʻO ka strider wai he mea ʻoluʻolu a maikaʻi ʻole ia e noho ana ma luna o ka wai o nā kahawai, nā waihona wai, nā poho wai. Huikau pinepine ia me nā nananana no kona wīwī a lōʻihi. I kekahi manawa kuhi hewa ʻia ka ʻeke wai no ka ʻāpā a i ʻole he nalo wale. ʻO ka striders wai kahi inoa e hoʻohui i ka ʻohana āpau o nā ʻelala hemiptera. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he bedbugs. I ka Latin, ua like ka inoa o ia mau holoholona me "Gerridae".
Video: ʻO ka strider wai
I kēia lā, ʻike ʻia e pili ana i ke ola o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ʻehiku haneli mau ʻano striders wai e noho ana i ka wai. ʻO kēia ka ʻano maʻamau o ia mau ʻano pepeke.
ʻO nā ʻano kaulana a ākea hoʻi e komo pū me ʻekolu:
- strider wai loko. ʻO kona hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona ke aniani, momona o nā wāwae;
- puʻupuʻu wai nui. ʻO lākou ka mea nui loa i ka ʻohana. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kēlā mau ʻino ke hiki i ʻumikūmāhiku millimeter;
- paukū ʻololā wai strider. Ua loaʻa kēia inoa i kēia holoholona ma muli wale nō o kona helehelena a me kāna mau maʻamau. Ma waho, he mea hoʻomanaʻo kēia pepeke i kahi wana, noho ia ma Siberia, alakaʻi i kahi nohona i ana ʻia.
He mea maʻalahi ke hoʻomaopopo i nā lunamaka o ka ʻohana strider wai. Loaʻa iā lākou nā awelika awelika no nā mea kolo, nā wāwae nui a lahilahi. Mai kahi mamao aku, hiki iā lākou ke ʻano like me ka nananana. Noho nā ʻeke wai ma luna o ka wai. Uhi ʻia ko lākou mau wāwae me nā huluhulu ʻoʻoleʻa loa i mea pale wai. ʻO ia ke kumu e paheʻe maʻalahi ai ka strider wai i loko o ka wai a ʻaʻole e poho.
Loaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona o nā lālā āpau o kēia ʻohana i nā ʻano like, kahi o kēlā me kēia nā pae hoʻomohala. Hele nā strider wai āpau ma o nā pae ʻelua: larva a me nā mākua. I ka pae mua, noho ka poʻe holo wai ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina. I kēia manawa, ke ulu nei ko lākou kino, ke hoʻololi nei i kona kala. Mai kahi pepelu ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā wāwae pōkole, huli liʻiliʻi lākou i loko o kahi ʻāpana brown nui me nā wāwae lōʻihi a lahilahi, e ʻae nei iā lākou e neʻe manuahi ma luna o ka loko o nā loko iʻa a me nā waihona wai.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: ʻO ka strider wai insect
ʻO ka strider wai he pepeke kolo, nā ana o ia ʻano i ka laha. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia ʻano holoholona he kino liʻiliʻi ko lākou - he mau mile wale nō ka lōʻihi. Eia nō naʻe, nui ka nui o nā striders wai no kahi kolo. Hiki i kekahi ʻano lai ke kiʻi i ka lōʻihi o ʻumikūmāhiku millimeter. ʻO ke kala o ke kino kaukaʻi nui i ka laha. Mai ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ka brown brown. Uhi ʻia ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka ʻōpū a me nā wāwae o ka ʻenekini me nā huluhulu ʻoʻoleʻa. He hoʻopale wai ia. ʻEleʻele a hina hina ka ʻōpū.
He poʻo liʻiliʻi ko nā mea kolo, kahi e kū nui ai ka proboscis a me nā antennae. ʻO Antennae kahi ʻāpana nui o ke kino o nā mea holo wai. Kōkua lākou i ka holoholona e kiʻi i nā pilau like ʻole a lawelawe no ka hoʻopā. Lawe ka proboscis i ka hopu holoholona. Me kona kōkua, hoʻomoʻa ka pepeke i kahi enzyme kūikawā i kāna mea i hōʻeha ʻia. Hoʻolālā kēia enzyme i ka ʻaoʻao o ka mea pio.
ʻO ka nānā kūikawā o ka poʻe i ka helehelena o nā pahu wai e ʻumeʻume mau ʻia e nā paws. Lōʻihi lākou i ka makaʻu. ʻEkolu mau wāwae o ka wāwae o ka poʻe holo wai, a hāʻawi ʻia kēlā me kēia me kāna mana hana ponoʻī. Hoʻohana ʻia nā wāwae ʻelua (ʻo ka pōkole loa) i ka wā o ka ʻimi holoholona e hopu ai i ka mea pio, pono nā pālua waena a me hope no ke kākoʻo a me ka neʻe. Mālama nā hulu ma nā wāwae i ka ea, kahi e "unsinkable" ka mea kolo. He ʻeheu kekahi o nā ʻano mākua. Me kā lākou kōkua, lele nā mea holo wai ma luna o nā wahi like ʻole e ʻimi i ka meaʻai.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻaʻohe ʻēheu o ka loko wai, nā wai wai. ʻAʻole pono lākou iā lākou. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea āpau, pono ke ʻano o nā striders wai e noho ana i nā puddles iā lākou. Me ke kōkua o kā lākou mau ʻeheu, hiki i kēia mau mea ʻenekini ke neʻe, no ka mea, ua maloʻo ka puddles ma mua a ma hope paha.
Ma hea e noho ai ka strider wai?
Kiʻi: Strider wai Pond
ʻO ka striders wai kahi ʻohana nui ma kahi o ʻehiku haneli mau ʻano. No laila, he ākea loa ko lākou wahi maoli. ʻIke ʻia kēia mau mea kolo ma nā wahi āpau kahi e kū ai nā kino wai, nā loko a me nā puddles. ʻO nā ʻokoʻa wale nō nā wahi anuanu loa me ka hoʻoilo nui. Noho ka strider wai ma Polani, Kuekene, Pinilana, Lūkia, Ukraine, Belarus, ʻAmelika a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe he nui.
Hāʻawi ka strider wai i mua i kekahi mau koi no ko lākou wahi noho. Pono lākou i kahi aniau mehana me nā hoʻoilo me ka wai - he loko iʻa, waihona wai a wai wai paha me kahi kahe lohi. Noho kekahi o kēia mau mea kolo i nā puddles. He mau ʻeheu ko kēlā ʻano poʻe wai, a inā e maloʻo nā puddles, hiki iā lākou ke neʻe i kahi ʻē aʻe. Lōʻihi nā wāwae o nā ʻeke wai, akā ʻoluʻolu loa. ʻAe kēia i ka holoholona e neʻe wikiwiki ʻaʻole wale ma ka wai wale nō, akā ma ka ʻāina hoʻi.
Aia kekahi ʻano o nā huna wai e hiki ke ola i nā kino wai paʻakai nui. ʻO kahi laʻana, he poʻe strider wai kai kēia. Ua ʻokoʻa lākou mai ko lākou ʻohana ma nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. ʻO kekahi koi ʻē aʻe no kahi o kahi e noho ai ka alo o nā mea kanu kokoke i ke kumu wai. I loko o ia mea, hibernate nā mea kolo, hibernating. I kekahi manawa hibernate lākou i ka lepo kahakai. Ala wale nā mea holo wai me ka hoʻomaka o ka wela.
I kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻoe i kahi e noho ai ka ʻelima. E ʻike kākou i ka mea a ka poʻe striders wai e ʻai ai.
He aha ka mea e ʻai ai ka mea strider wai?
Kiʻi: Strider wai ʻino
He poʻe hahai holoholona maikaʻi nā striders wai. ʻIke lākou i nā maka, hoʻomohala i nā mea hoʻoneʻe i ka neʻe. Aia nā mea hoʻoneʻe neʻe ma nā antennae a me nā lālā, i hiki ai i nā kolo ke pane koke i nā fluctuations i loko o ka wai. Hāʻawi lākou i kahi ʻano kokoke i ka neʻe ʻana i ka wai, no laila maʻalahi lākou i ka meaʻai na lākou iho. ʻO kēia mau ʻeke wai liʻiliʻi he poʻe ʻaihue ʻoiaʻiʻo. ʻO kā lākou papaʻai o kēlā me kēia lā nā helu o nā mea kolo, nā iʻa, nā nalo a me nā lunamaka liʻiliʻi o ka honua holoholona.
ʻO ka wāwae mua o ka wāwae e hana i kahi ʻeleu i ka hopu ʻana i nā pio. Hoʻokomo ʻia ia me nā lou kūikawā. Hoʻohana ʻia kā lākou pahu wai e paʻa pono ai ka mea pio. He mea nui hoʻi ka proboscis i ke kaʻina hanai. Holo ka wai strider i loko o kāna mea e hoʻomake ai e omo i nā mea momona a i ʻole e hoʻopili i ka lāʻau make. Lōʻihi ka proboscis, akā ʻaʻole ia e ālai i ka neʻe. Ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, pelu ka holoholona iā ia ma lalo o ka umauma.
ʻO nā mea punahele o nā mea holo wai ka:
- lele, gadflies namu. Lilo i kēia mau mea kolo i mea ʻai bedbug ma o ko lākou mālama ʻole ʻana. Lele aku lākou i kahi manawa kokoke loa i ka wai a hāʻule ʻole paha ma laila;
- nā hua manu o nā mea kolo liʻiliʻi, roe iʻa. ʻIke ka strider wai i kēlā ʻano meaʻai ma nā kahakai kahawai;
- jellyfish, iʻa ʻai, physalia. ʻO ia meaʻai ka mea nui i ka papaʻai o nā mea holo kai wai kai;
- koena o nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka holoholona i make. ʻO ka Water Strider kahi mea kū hoʻokahi a pono loa. ʻAi nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia ʻohana i nā koena he nui, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā kino wai a me nā kahakai.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Ma muli o ka meaʻai, hakakā pinepine ka poʻe holo wai a hakakā pū kekahi i waena o lākou iho. Lawe pinepine nā mea kolo i nā meaʻai mai kekahi me ke kōkua o nā wāwae mua paʻa.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: ʻO ka strider wai Beetle
ʻO nā striders wai ka inoa o kahi hui holoʻokoʻa o nā ʻelala liʻiliʻi e hōʻike pono ana i ko lākou ʻano o ke ola. Ana kēia mau holoholona i ka ʻilikai o ka wai me ko lākou wawae lahilahi a lōʻihi. ʻO ia ka wai kahi ʻāpana hoʻohui o ka nohona o ia mau ʻano pepeke. Holo maʻalahi ka poʻe holo wai ma luna o ka wai a ʻaʻole make e hoʻomaikaʻi i kahi br br kūikawā ma ka ʻōpū a me nā wāwae. I ke ao, hiki iā lākou ke heʻe ma luna o ka wai no nā hola, ke ʻimi ʻana i nā mea kolo liʻiliʻi, ka ʻai ʻana, nā lele a me nā makika.
I ka hopu ʻana i nā pio, hoʻohana nā holoholona i nā mea āpau a ke kūlohelohe i hāʻawi ai iā lākou: ka maka maka, nā ʻūhā paʻa, kahi proboscis hou kuʻi, nā mea loaʻa neʻe. Ma ke ʻano he kamaʻāina o nā loko iʻa a me nā waihona wai, ʻike mau ʻia nā pā wai. Eia nō naʻe, ma aneʻi ua kōkua ke kūlohelohe iā lākou, e hāʻawi ana iā lākou i kahi kala ʻeleʻele uliuli ʻole. ʻO kēlā ʻano kala a me ke kino wīwī e hoʻolilo ai iā lākou i mea ʻike ʻole ʻia e nā ʻenemi.
Nui nā ʻano o nā kaula wai i loaʻa nā ʻeheu. Eia nō naʻe, lele kākaʻikahi nā ʻano pepeke. Wale i kekahi mau laha 'pono eheu e ola. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i kēlā mau ʻino e noho i nā puddles liʻiliʻi. Ke maloʻo nei kekahi puddle i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, no laila e nānā nā ʻūpē i kahi hou na lākou. Lele lākou i kahi puddle me ko lākou mau ʻeheu. ʻO ke koena o ka manawa ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻeheu.
I ke kauwela, hoʻolilo ka poʻe holo wai i ka hapa nui o ka lā ma ka wai, i ka hoʻoilo - i nā mānoanoa a i ʻole ka lepo. I ka hoʻoilo, hibernate kēia mau holoholona. I ke kau mahana, piʻi kiʻekiʻe ka heluna kanaka o ka poʻe holo wai i nā kino wai, nā kahawai, nā kahawai a me nā loko iʻa. Ke hoʻomaha nei i ke kūlohelohe, malia paha, ʻike kēlā me kēia kanaka i kahi ʻano ʻino like ma kahi kokoke. ʻAʻole hele aku nā moe moe i ka ʻāina - ke pono wale nō. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hoʻololi maikaʻi ʻole ʻia o ko lākou mau wāwae no ka neʻe ʻana ma ka honua a me ka honua.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Strider wai nui
Ma hope o ka hibernation, mākaukau nā mea holo wai no ka hana hoʻohua. No lākou, kokoke koke kēia hana me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mehana a ma ka waena o ke kauwela. No kēia kumu, i hoʻokahi kau kau, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻano pepelu like ʻole o nā makahiki like ʻole ma nā waihona wai. No ka moʻo ʻana, koho ke kāne i ka wahine a piʻi i luna ma luna pono o ka wai. I loko o hoʻokahi pule ma hope o ka male ʻana, hiki i ka wahine ke hoʻomoe i nā hua.
ʻIke leʻaleʻa: he poʻe kolo momona nā wai striders. Hiki i kahi pahu wai wahine ke waiho i kanalima mau hua i ka manawa. ʻAe kēia i ka hapanui o nā lāhui e mālama i ko lākou heluna nui i ke kūlohelohe me ka hopena o nā kumu maikaʻi ʻole he nui.
Hoʻomoe ka ʻeke wahine i nā hua ma nā lau o nā mea kanu like ʻole i loko o ka wai. He helehelena ʻokoʻa ka masonry - he kaula lōʻihi like me ka jelly. Hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia nā testicle a pau i loko. Hoʻomoe nā ʻano liʻiliʻi o nā striders wai me ka ʻole o ka mucus. Hoʻopili lākou iā lākou i nā paila a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o nā lau o nā mea kanu.
Ma hope o ʻelua mau pule, ʻike ʻia nā lūlū mai nā hua manu. Hoʻolālā wikiwiki lākou a ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina lilo lākou i poʻe mākua. Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa mau ka ʻōpio mai ko lākou mau mākua. Liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā striders wai ʻōpio a ʻōpū pehu iki. Pōkole ke ola o kēia mau holoholona - hoʻokahi makahiki wale nō. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ia e ālai i ka ʻohana mai lilo i hoʻokahi o nā pepeke lehulehu loa o ka honua a e hoʻomau mau nei i ka lehulehu.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā mea holo wai
Kiʻi: Strider wai
Lilo ka mea strider wai i ka hapa nui o kona ola ma ka wai, ʻaʻole ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka ʻāina. ʻO ia ke kumu e noho ai kona mau ʻenemi kūlohelohe āpau i nā loko iʻa a me nā waihona wai. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole nui o lākou. ʻO ke kumu, ʻo ia mau holoholona e hānai i nā iʻa a me kekahi mau rana, nā rana lāʻau, toads. Holo ʻeleu lākou i nā huna wai. ʻO kaʻenemi ʻinoʻino loa o nā mea holo wai ka mite wai. Lawe mai nā lūlū o kēlā tick i mea ʻino nui i ka holoholona. Pā lākou ma ke kino o ka strider wai a inu i kona koko.
ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka poʻe striders i ka wai no nā mea hōkai. Kūleʻa a maʻalahi kēia mau mea ola. He mau lele lele maikaʻi lākou a hiki ke neʻe i ka wikiwiki loa. ʻIke i ka weliweli, nui nā hewa wai i ka manawa e haʻalele koke i ka ʻāina. Ua loaʻa iā lākou i nā mea loaʻa maikaʻi no ka neʻe ʻana, no laila e makaʻala iā lākou i kahi kahe liʻiliʻi o ka wai.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: Kakaikahi ka poʻe i ʻike e pili ana i nā pono e lawe mai nā ʻeke wai i ke kaiaola. Kāhea pinepine ʻia lākou i nā ʻaha o nā waihona wai, nā wai kai a me nā kahawai. Hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wai mai nā lūlū omo koko. ʻO lākou nā "mea hoʻokele" o ka heluna kanaka o kēia mau pests.
ʻAʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia ke kanaka he ʻenemi kūlohelohe i nā mea holo wai. ʻAʻole luku pono nā kānaka i kēia mau mea kolo, no ka mea he pōmaikaʻi nui lākou. ʻO nā huna wai, me ka hoʻohui i ko lākou mau pono, palekana loa ia no nā kānaka. Hiki wale ke nahu i kēia pepeke ma kahi hihia kūikawā, ke makaʻu maoli ia i nā kānaka.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Kaʻi wai ma luna o ka wai
ʻO nā striders wai kekahi o nā ʻohana nui loa o nā ʻelala. Aia i loko o ʻehiku haneli mau ʻano holoholona, no laila ʻaʻole ko lākou heluna lehulehu i kumu no ka hopohopo. Ua koho ʻia ʻo Waterbugs kahi mea liʻiliʻi loa e hopohopo ai. Kuhi kēia kūlana i ka hoʻoweliweli ʻole ʻia o kēia ʻohana pepeke i kēia mua aku.
He hopena maikaʻi nā kumu like ʻole i ka heluna nui o nā lunamakaʻāinana o nā striders wai:
- nā pono no ke kaiaolaola a me nā kānaka. ʻAʻole hoʻāʻo ka poʻe e kāpae i nā mea holo wai, no ka mea ʻike lākou he ʻoka o ka waihona wai lākou. ʻO kēia holoholona he pōmaikaʻi nui i ka kaohi ʻana i ka heluna kanaka o nā lio lūlū koko;
- momona maoli. Hāpai nā mea holo wai i nā manawa he nui i ka makahiki. I kekahi manawa, moe ka wahine ma kahi o kanalima mau hua, mai laila mai ka larva i laila;
- helu ola kiʻekiʻe. He ola pōkole ko nā wai kope - hoʻokahi makahiki wale nō. A hiki i kēlā manawa, eia naʻe, ʻaʻole make nā mākua. Maʻemaʻe lākou, wikiwiki a dexterous nā pepelu. ʻAʻole lākou i lilo i poʻe ʻenemi kūlohelohe, mai maʻi maoli lākou.
ʻOiai ke kiʻi rosy holoʻokoʻa, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kekahi mau ʻano o ka ʻohana o nā strider wai i loko o nā puke Red o nā mokuʻāina a me nā kūlanakauhale. Eia kekahi laʻana, ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i kahi strider wai sphagnum. No nā holoholona laha ʻole kēia holoholona.
Ka pale ʻana i nā kaula wai
Kiʻi: ʻO ka strider wai mai ka Red Book
ʻO ka strhagnum wai strider kahi ʻano laha ʻole i loaʻa kahi wahi kūlohelohe liʻiliʻi. Noho nā ʻenekela like ʻole ma Ukraine, Russia, Sweden, Polani, Pinilana, Belarus. Manaʻo maikaʻi ʻole ʻia kēia laha a me ka hoʻoweliweli. Hoʻokomo ʻia ia i loko o nā puke ʻikepili ʻulaʻula o nā ʻāpana he nui o Rūsia: Chelyabinsk, Voronezh, Tobolsk, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hoʻokomo pū ʻia kēia holoholona i loko o ka puke ʻula o ka Lepupalika ʻo Belarus.
I kēia lā, ʻike iki ʻia e pili ana i nā striders wai sphagnum. He helehelena maikaʻi loa ko kēia ʻano, kūlohelohe i nā ʻeke wai āpau. I ka lōʻihi, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o nā holoholona i ka 9.7 millimeter, he ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele. ʻOkoʻa lākou i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e nā ʻūhā manoanoa o nā forelegs, kahi e kau ai kahi ʻeleʻele ākea i waho. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa ka nohona. ʻOi aku ka makemake o nā ʻano ʻino e noho a hoʻopuka i nā bogs sphagnum. I nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe mea ʻokoʻa nā striders wai sphagnum mai ke koena o kā lākou congeners.
He aha ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka helu o nā striders wai sphagnum? ʻO ke kumu palena palena nui ka hoʻohaumia o nā kino wai a me nā kahawai. Ke emi a emi mai nei nā bogs Sphagnum, a ʻaʻohe kūpono nā mea ola i nā kolo. Eia kekahi, pili maikaʻi ʻole ka lehulehu i nā loli nui o ke aniau, nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka nohona kūlohelohe o kēia mau holoholona. ʻOiai kēia kūlana, i kēia manawa ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia nā hana kūikawā e pale ai i nā strider wai sphagnum.
I ko mākou honua, pāʻani kēlā me kēia mea. Strider wai - ʻaʻole he ʻokoʻa. He pepelu ʻokoʻa kēia akā maikaʻi loa. He luna hoʻomaʻemaʻe ia o nā waihona, nā muliwai, nā kūpuna, ke kāpae nei i ke kaiaolaola o nā mea ʻino like ʻole. No nā kānaka a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole pilikia nā pilikia o ka wai. Hoʻolilo ka poʻe striders wai i ko lākou ola holoʻokoʻa ma kahi o ka wai.
Lā paʻi: 13.07.2019
Lā hou: 25.09.2019 ma 9:44
