Paʻalāʻau Daurian He mammal insectivorous o ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā ʻelele āpau o ka ʻohana hedgehog, ua aʻo iki ʻia kēia ʻano, ʻoiai ke alakaʻi nei i kahi nohona malū, hūnā. ʻO nā hedgehogs āpau nā mea ʻoiʻoi a ʻoi loa o nā holoholona. Loaʻa kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole kuhikuhi ʻia nā spine o ka holoholona i luna, e like me nā hedgehogs āpau, akā i hope.
Ua loaʻa ka inoa ʻo Daurian hedgehogs ma muli o ka wahi noho - Western Amur a me Transbaikalia. I ka wā ma mua, ua kapa ʻia kēia mau wahi ʻo Daurian. Minamina, i kēia lā aia lākou i ka nalo o ka nalowale loa. ʻO kēia ka lāliʻi liʻiliʻi o nā hedgehogs i aʻo ʻia mai nā mea āpau i kēia lā.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Daursky hedgehog
ʻO ka Daurian hedgehog kahi ʻelele o nā mammal chordate, pili i ke kauoha o nā insectivores, ka ʻohana hedgehog, nā hedgehogs steppe, hedgehogs papa Daurian, hāʻawi ʻia i ka genus. Hoʻoholo nā Zoologists i ka makahiki o nā holoholona - 15 miliona mau makahiki. Ua hoʻāla ka hedgehog Daurian i ka hoihoi nui loa i waena o nā ʻepekema a me nā kānaka noiʻi i ka waenakonu o ke kanaono, i ka wā o kahi o nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia ʻano i aneane luku ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā insecticides e luku i nā rodents.
Video: Daurian hedgehog
I ka wā kahiko, i waena o nā mea hānai holoholona āpau, ʻo nā hedgehog ka lua o ka armadillos. Kāhea nā Zoologists i nā kūpuna kahiko o ka Daurian hedgehog paleorictids. He mea maʻamau lākou ma ʻAmelika a me ʻEulopa o kēia au. Ua manaʻo ʻia lākou e ʻeli a me nā ʻelele insectivorous o ka honua holoholona o ia au. Hōʻike ʻia kēia e nā ʻōlelo kiʻekiʻe a kikoo hoʻi o nā niho. Ma hope, ʻo ia nā paleorictids e lilo i mau kūpuna o ka ʻohana hedgehog. E hana kēia i ka wā waena a me ka hope o Paleocene.
ʻO nā shrews mua he arboreal, akā i ka wā o ka Middle Eocene ua alakaʻi lākou i ke ʻano maʻamau o ke ola no nā hedgehogs hou a me nā mole a he ʻano like me ke ʻano o nā māmela nunui. Ua kipaku ʻia lākou mai nā kumulāʻau e nā mea hoʻomohala a me ke akamai - primates. Mālama ʻo Hedgehogs i nā hiʻohiʻona he nui, a i ka manawa like, i ke kaʻina o ka ulu ʻana, ua loaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona he nui e like me nā ʻanoʻano o nā māmela.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Daurian hedgehog i ke kūlohelohe
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka hedgehog Daurian ma kahi o 19-25 kenimika. ʻO nā kānaka nui kikoʻī i nā hihia kakaikahi hiki i 30 kenimika. ʻO ke kino o ke kanaka makua hoʻokahi 500 - 1100 mau gram. ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kino nui e ʻike ʻia i ka wā ma mua o ka hoʻoilo, ke hoʻāʻo nā holoholona e ʻai i ka mea hiki ma mua o ka wā pōloli. Ma muli o ka nele o ka meaʻai i ka hoʻoilo, lilo lākou i 30-40% o ke kaumaha o ke kino. He huelo liʻiliʻi ko nā holoholona, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o 2-3 kenimika.
Ua uhi ʻia ke kino holoʻokoʻa o ka hedgehog Daurian me nā nila nui a ikaika, ka mea, ʻokoʻa nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana hedgehog, kuhikuhi pololei ʻole ʻia, akā hoʻi i hope. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā nila ma ke kino o ka holoholona i nā lālani lonikū. Uhi ʻia ka poʻo poʻo me kahi carapace pale o nā nila. ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā nila kuʻikuʻu ma kahi o 2-2.5 centimetres.
Ma waho o nā nila, uhi ʻia ke kino o ka holoholona liʻiliʻi me ka huluhulu nui, huluhulu. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kala o ka ʻahu. I ke poʻo, he mālamalama pinepine ia, he mauʻu melemele, a he brownish iki paha. Uhi ʻia ke kino me ka huluhulu ʻeleʻele a hina hina. Uhi ʻia ka ʻōpū me ka lauoho lauoho ākea a paʻakikī hoʻi ma mua o ka hope. ʻO nā nila kuʻina keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, one a hina hina ke kala. Ma muli o kēia, lawe ka laulā kala i kahi aniani hina hina.
ʻO ke poʻo o ka Daurian hedgehog kahi ʻano conical me ka ihu elongated. Ma ka ʻaoʻao luna o ke poʻo, ma nā ʻaoʻao, he mau pepeiao liʻiliʻi, poepoe, a me nā alo i mua ke alo. ʻO nā maka o Hedgehogs e like me nā peʻa ʻelua. Liʻiliʻi lākou, ʻeleʻele, pōʻai. Ikaika loa nā lālā o nā holoholona a ulu maikaʻi. Pōkole nā wāwae akā mānoanoa. He maiuu mānoanoa, mānoanoa nā manamana lima.
Ma hea e noho ai ka hedgehog Daurian?
Kiʻi: Daursky hedgehog ma Lūkia
Nā ʻāpana ʻāina o ka hedgehog:
- Monokolia;
- ʻO Transbaikalia Hema-Hikina ma ka panalāʻau o ka Lūkia Hui Pū ʻIa;
- Kina;
- Selenginskaya Duaria;
- ka mokuna o nā kualono ʻo Borshchevochny a me Nerchinsky;
- kahi kokoke i nā kahawai ʻo Ingoda, Chita a me Shilka;
- ʻĀpana Chita o ka Russian Federation;
- ʻĀpana ʻo Amur o ka Russian Federation;
- Manchuria.
Noho ka holoholona i nā panalāʻau o kahi mālama Daursky, nui ka lehulehu o lākou i ka ulu lāʻau paina Chasucheysky. Makemake ka holoholona i nā steppes, nā wahi semi-wao nahele, nā mauna a i ʻole nā wahi pōhaku me he wahi noho lā. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa pinepine i kēia mau holoholona liʻiliʻi i ke awāwa me ka nui, nā mānoanoa mānoanoa o cotoneaster a me nā ʻalemone, a ma nā pali o nā puʻu. Hoʻāʻo lākou e hōʻalo i nā wahi me ka mauʻu mānoanoa a kiʻekiʻe.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: ʻaʻole makaʻu ʻo Hedgehogs i ka poʻe, a noho pinepine i kahi kokoke i nā wahi kanaka, a me ka ʻāina mahiʻai.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā wahi maloʻo e koho ʻia ma ke ʻano he wahi noho. Ma nā wahi ʻākau o ka noho ʻana, makemake ʻia nā wahi one. He ʻoluʻolu hoʻi lākou ma ka panalāʻau o nā ululāʻau deciduous a kāwili ʻia. I nā steppe, loaʻa ia i nā wahi kahi kiʻekiʻe ʻole ka lau nahele a me ka mauʻu. Hūnā pinepine lākou ma lalo o nā pōhaku a i ʻole nā kaumaha like ʻole i ka lepo. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kau ua, ʻimi lākou i kahi e malu ai no lākou a ʻaneʻane hūnā mau i loko.
He aha ka mea a ka Daurian hedgehog e ʻai ai?
Kiʻi: Daursky hedgehog mai ka Red Book
ʻO nā hedgehog Daurian nā holoholona insectivorous. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka papaʻai nā mea kolo like ʻole, i hiki i ka holoholona ke ʻeli i ka lepo me ke kōkua o nā paws ikaika a me nā māiʻuʻuʻu ikaika. Eia nō naʻe, palekana ke ʻōlelo ʻana he ʻano ʻokoʻa a waiwai ka ʻai o ka holoholona.
Lako ʻai no ka hedgehog Daurian:
- nalo;
- naonao;
- nalo nalo;
- hua manu ʻūlū;
- ʻalekini.
Ma waho aʻe o nā mea kolo, nā holoholona e noho kokoke i ka ʻāina mahiʻai a me nā wahi noho kanaka e hānai i nā ʻōpala a me nā palaoa, nā palaoa. Ma lalo o nā kūlana nohona kūlohelohe, hiki iā lākou ke hopu a ʻai i ka hamster, ka rana, ka ʻiole, nāhesa, nā moa i huki ʻia mai kahi hua manu mai, inā aia nā pūnana o ka manu ma kahi e hiki ai.
Hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i ka lau nahele. I kēia ʻano meaʻai, hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i nā ʻalemona, nā pūhaka rose, cotoneaster. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ia ke hānai ma kahi o nā hua a me nā ʻano momona ʻē aʻe o nā lau nahele. I ka wā o ka lako o ka meaʻai he kākaʻikahi loa, hiki iā lākou ke hānai i ke kino make.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Daursky hedgehog
Alakaʻi nā holoholona i kahi nohona hūnā, mehameha. Hoʻoikaika nui lākou i ka pō. I kēia manawa, hele lākou i ka neʻe a kiʻi i kā lākou meaʻai ponoʻī. Noho lākou i kekahi wahi. Hiki i nā mākua, nā kāne kāne ikaika ke noho i kahi ma kahi o 400 hectares. Noho nā wahine i kahi ʻāina haʻahaʻa - 30-130 hectares.
Koho ʻia nā wahi hūnā, hiki ʻole ke kiʻi ʻia ma ke ʻano he puʻuhonua - haʻalele i nā lua kiko, nā kaumaha ma ka honua, nā wahi ma lalo o nā pōhaku, nā ʻūlū lāʻau. Hiki i nā Burrows ke hoʻokumu i ka honua. Ma nā panalāʻau o Mongolia, noho lākou i nā lua tarbagan. ʻO ka noho ʻana i nā hale mālama ka mea maʻamau no nā wahine, makemake nā kāne e hiamoe maʻalahi i ka honua.
ʻAʻole ʻeleu nā holoholona i ka ua, ke ʻano ua. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kau ua, hoʻāʻo lākou e kali i kēia manawa i nā lua. Eia nō naʻe, i ke anuanu, ke ua ʻole ka ua a me ka pulu, hauʻoli nui lākou, a hiki ke hana nui a hiki i nā hola o ke ao. Inā ʻike ka holoholona ʻoi i ka makaʻu, wili koke ia i pōpō, a lilo e like me ka pōpō kakalaioa.
I mea e maʻalahi ai ke hoʻomanawanui i ke aniau hoʻoilo paʻakikī i kekahi mau wahi, a me ka nele o kahi kumu meaʻai, hibernate nā holoholona. Loaʻa ia mai ka hopena o ʻOkakopa, i ka mua o Nowemapa a i ka hopena o Malaki, i ka mua o ʻApelila. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā hedgehog Daurian e kā lākou kaʻawale malū.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka ʻāina a me ke aniau i loko ona, hiki i kekahi mau hedgehog ke hiamoe ma kahi o 240-250 mau lā i ka makahiki!
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Daursky hedgehog
Makemake nā holoholona i ke ʻano o ke ola kaʻawale. Hoʻokomo wale lākou i ka wā o ka hānau ʻana. Hoʻomaka ia i kekahi mau lā ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hibernation. Hānau ʻia ka hānau i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki a hāʻule i ka mahina o Mei - Iune. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hānau ʻana, ʻimi ʻimi a hoʻomākaukau ka makuahine e kali nei i kahi hānau o nā keiki e hiki mai ana. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, hiki iā ia ke ʻike i kahi lua nīkini i haʻalele ʻia, a i ʻole ʻeli i kahi hou nona iho. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o ia hale ke hōʻea i hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mika. ʻO ka lumi e hoʻomoe ai ka manawa pinepine ma kahi hohonu o 30-50 mau kenimika mai ka puka.
Hoʻomau ka hāpai ʻana i ka awelika o 35-40 mau lā. Hiki i ka wahine Daurian hedgehog ke hānau mai ka 4 a i ka ʻeono mau hedgehog liʻiliʻi i ka manawa. Hānau ʻia ʻo Hedgehogs me ka ʻōlohelohe a makapō hoʻi.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: ʻo nā maka o Daurian hedgehogs wehe 15-16 mau lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, a hoʻomaka nā nila i loko o kekahi mau hola ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.
Eia nō naʻe, ulu koke lākou a ikaika hoʻi, a ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina ua mākaukau lākou no kahi ola kūʻokoʻa. Hānai lākou i ka waiū makuahine no ma kahi o hoʻokahi - hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mahina. Ma hope o ʻelua mau mahina, ua kaʻawale lākou mai ko lākou makuahine a hoʻomaka e alakaʻi i kahi nohona kūʻokoʻa a kaʻawale. Mālama nui nā wahine a me nā makuahine mālama. ʻAʻole lākou e waiho i kā lākou pēpē ma kahi o hoʻokahi minuke, ʻoiai kōkua ʻole lākou. Ināʻike ka hedgehog i ke ala o ka weliweli, lawe koke ʻo ia i nā keiki i kahi palekana.
Hiki lākou i ka wā ʻōpio e 10 - 12 mau mahina. ʻO ke kūlana o ke ola maʻamau i nā kūlana kūlohelohe ma kahi o 4-5 mau makahiki, i ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana, nā kahu hānai a me nā mālama i hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia i 8.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā hedgehogs Daurian
Kiʻi: Animal Daurian hedgehog
ʻOiai nā nila a me ka manaʻo waho o ka hiki ʻole a me ka palekana, i nā kūlana kūlohelohe ua lawa nā ʻenemi i nā hedgehogs. He nui nā mea ʻino e ʻaihue ana i nā hedgehogs i hakuloli e pahu iā lākou i loko o ke kino o ka wai. I ka manawa i loko o ka wai, huli nā holoholona a lālau nā predators iā lākou.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe nui o nā hedgehogs Daurian:
- ʻalopeke;
- ʻīlio hae;
- ʻaeto ʻaeto;
- Nā Mongolian Buzzards;
- ʻūlili ʻino;
- ferrets;
- ʻelele kūpaka o nā manu - pueo, pueo aeto.
ʻAʻole hilahila nā manu o ka manu i ke alo o ke kākalaioa; kā lākou peʻe ikaika me nā māiʻuʻu ikaika i kāwili ʻia e hopu a paʻa nā hedgehog prickly prickly. Noho pinepine ʻo Hedgehogs ma kahi o nā wahi noho kanaka. I kēlā ʻano kūlana, weliweli loa nā ʻīlio iā lākou, ʻo ia hoʻi nā lāhui hakakā nui - nā terriers bipi, nā kahu hipa, nā kahu hipa, a pēlā aku. Eia kekahi, hoʻouka pinepine nā pūʻolo ʻīlio hele hewa i nā hedgehogs.
ʻO kaʻenemi nui o ka holoholona kākalaioa i nā kūlana kūlohelohe ka luʻu. Hiki iā ia ke loaʻa a luku i nā hedgehogs i loko o nā lua. I kēia kūlana, waiho ia i kahi weliweli ʻaʻole wale no nā mākua, akā no nā ʻōpio ʻōpio hānau hou. ʻAno maʻalahi lākou ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻohe o lākou kākalaioa kakalaioa.
Hiki i ke kāne ke kapa ʻia he mau ʻenemi o ka hedgehog Daurian. Ma muli o kāna hana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā panalāʻau nui loa, ua hoʻohaumia ʻia a hoʻopau ʻia ka nohona kūlohelohe o kēia mau ʻelele o ka ʻohana hedgehog. E pili ana i kēia, hoʻemi nui ʻia ka nui o nā holoholona.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Daursky hedgehog Russia
I kēia lā, ua helu ʻia ka hedgehog Daurian i loko o ka puke ʻulaʻula o ka Russian Federation, ʻoiai ke emi nui nei ka nui o kāna poʻe i loko o ka ʻāina. Wahi a nā zoologists, ma ka ʻāina nui o kona puʻunaue ʻana ma Lūkia - ma ka hema hikina o Transbaikalia, ʻo ka helu o kēia mau ʻelele o ka ʻohana hedgehog he 550,000 - 600,000 mau kānaka.
Ua hoʻoholo ka International Union for the Conservation of Wildlife ʻo ka nui o nā holoholona ʻaʻole i ka hoʻoweliweli i kēia manawa. Eia naʻe, hoʻokūpaʻa lākou inā i ka wā e hiki mai ana ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka noho maoli o nā holoholona i ka luku ʻia ma muli o ka hana a ke kanaka, e emi nui paha ka heluna kanaka o nā hedgehogs Daurian. Hiki iā ia ke hōʻemi i ka wahi maoli o kēia mau ʻelele o ka ʻohana hedgehog.
ʻO ka emi nui ʻana o ka helu o ka hedgehog Daurian i kaulana i nā makahiki kanaono. I loko o kēia wā, hoʻomaka ka luku nui ʻana o nā rodents a me nā tarbagans Mongolian, nā mea lawe i kahi maʻi weliweli - ka maʻi ahulau. Ma hope o kēlā, i kekahi mau wahi, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o nā holoholona i ka 1-1.5 mau kānaka ma 80 hectares o ka wahi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i loli ka nui o ka nohona kokoke i ka ʻāina mahiʻai a me nā wahi noho kanaka.
ʻIke hoihoi: I nā makahiki 70-80, ua emi ka nui o nā holoholona ʻaihue i kekahi mau ʻāina kahi i emi ai ka hedgehog Daurian. Ua alakaʻi kēia i ka piʻi nui o ka helu o kēia lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana hedgehog.
Ka pale ʻana i nā hedgehogs Daurian
Kiʻi: Daursky hedgehog mai ka Red Book
I kēia lā, e like me ka zoologists, ʻaʻole pono ka hedgehog Daurian e hoʻomohala a hoʻokō i nā hana kūikawā e mālama a hoʻonui i ka helu. Aia ka holoholona i lalo o ka pale a me ka pale i loko o ka Daursky maoli mālama. E mālama ʻia ka mālama ʻia ʻana o kēia laha holoholona e nā ana e hōʻemi ai i ka haumia o ko lākou wahi maoli. Hoʻopili kēia i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o nā mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ke kaiapuni o nā huahana neoneo mai nā ʻāpana like o ka hana a ke kanaka, ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano akahai no ka ulu ʻana a me ka ʻohi ʻana i nā mea kanu ma ka ʻāina o ka ʻāina mahiʻai, a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā ana e pili ana i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka helu a me ka nui o nā ahi nahele a me nā ʻāpana.
He mea kūpono nō hoʻi e kaupalena a pāpā paha i ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā insecticides a i ʻole nā ʻano pesticides i nā wahi kahi e noho ai ka holoholona ʻoi. I nā wahi kahi e noho ai nā hedgehog Daurian kokoke i nā wahi noho kanaka, pono pono e mālama i nā ʻīlio kūloko, ʻo nā ʻelele hoʻi o nā laha nui, ʻaʻole i wehe ʻia. He mea kūpono nō hoʻi ia e nānā i ka helu o nā ʻeke auwana a hewahewa. Hiki i kēia mau hana ke hāʻawi pono i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka helu o ka Dausr hedgehog.
Paʻalāʻau Daurian ʻo ia kekahi o nā māmela kahiko loa e noho nei i kēia lā. ʻO lākou ka lua o nā moku kaua. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole lākou e noho i ka ʻano pohihihi loa a maikaʻi ʻole hoʻi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no nā kānaka. ʻO nā mea he nui a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ko lākou nohona i koe i pohihihi.
Lā paʻi: 24.05.2019
Lā hou: 20.09.2019 ma 20:52
